六年级英语下册学生版讲义第三讲

六年级英语下册unit1语法总结第三讲一.进门小测写出下列形容词的比较级tall_________cheap_______good________thin_________big___________old___________much___________heavy___________long___________wide____________二.激趣引新单词接龙游戏三.新课讲授（一）一般过去时概念表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，，，yesterday

evening，the

day

before

yesterday，last

week，last

month，，a

moment

（刚才），just

now，，aweekago，in

1990等（二）动词过去式变化规则：一般情况下，在动词词尾加ed。如：work—worked，listen—listenedopenopened

cookcooked以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加d。如：live—lived，close—closed,likelikeduse—used，3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed。如：cry—cried，study—studied，

carrycarried，worryworried4.以重读闭音节结尾（辅音+元音+辅音），且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stop—stopped，shopshopped，planplanned5.不规则动词的过去式：（1）改变动词中的元音：begin—began，drink—drank，e—came，eat—ate，grow—grew，run—ran，know—knew，speak—spoke，take—took，get—got（2）变词尾的d为t：build—built，lend—lent，send—sent，spend—spent（3）与动词原形一样：put—put，cut—cut，cost—cost，read—read（4）其他：am/is—was，are—were，do/does—did，have/has—had过去时句型要点结构：1.be动词肯定句：主语+was/were+其他Eg：IwasborninShanghai.否定句：主语+wasn't/weren't+其他Eg：Iwasn'tborninShanghai.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+其他？

Eg：Washeastudent？2.实意动词肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他

Eg：Heplayedputergameyesterday.否定句：主语+didn’t+动原+其他

Eg：Hedidn'tplayputergameyesterday一般疑问句：Did+主语+动原+其他？

Eg：Didheplayputergameyesterday？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（疑问词+did+主语+动原）？Eg：Whatdidhedoyesterday？（三）形容词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词有三个等级：1.原级，即形容词原形，表示双方程度相同或者不相同。2.比较级，表示“更。。。。。。”之意；3.最高级，表示“最。。。。。。”形容词变化规则构成原级比较级最高级单音节和少数双音节单词一般词尾加er,esttalllongoldsmalltallerlongeroldersmallerthetallestthelongesttheoldestthesmallest以字母e结尾的形容词或副词,直接加r,stnicefinelargenicerfinerlargerthenicestthefinestthelargest以重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该字母,再加er,estbighotfatthinbiggerhotterfatterthinnerthebiggestthehottestthefattestthethinnest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词或副词，把y变为i，加er,estheavybusyearlyeasyhappyheavierbusierearliereasierhappiertheheaviestthebusiesttheearliesttheeasiestthehappiest双音节或多音节前比较级用more最高级用mostusefulhelpfulbeautifulinterestingmoreusefulmorehelpfulmorebeautifulmoreinterestingthemostusefulthemosthelpfulthemostbeautifulthemostinteresting注意事项1.形容词最高级前一定要加“the”；但当形容词前面有形物代或者名词所有格时，不需加“the”2.副词的最高级前不加“the”3.可以用much，alittle修饰比较级。HeismuchtallerthanMike.不规则变化表两好good/wellbetterbest两多much/manymoremost两坏bad/illworseworst一少littlelessleast一老oldolder/elderoldest/eldestmyeldersister一远farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest句型运用比较级用于两者直接的比较，句子中要有than最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，句中会有表示范围的词或者短语，如：inmyfamily，inmyclass，最高级形容词前面要加定冠词the（1）原级：A+be动词+as+原级+as和。。。一样Eg:Heisastallasyou.A+be动词not+as/so+原级+as不如Eg:Heisn’tas/sotallasyou.（2）比较级：A+be+比较级+thanA比BEg:Heistallerthanyou特殊疑问词+be+比较级，AorB？两者Eg:Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?比较级+and+比较级越来越。。。Eg:Amyisgettingtallerandtaller.加more构成形容词比较级则用moreandmore+比较级越来越。。。Eg:Sheismoreandmorebeautiful.A+be+比较级+thantheother+复数名词A比其他。。。Eg:Heistallerthantheotherboysintheclass.A+be+比较级+thananyother+单数名词A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都。。。Eg:TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriversinChina.（3）最高级：A+be+the+最高级+范围A是最。。。Eg:Sheisthestrongestgirlinmyclass.特殊疑问词+be+比较级，A,BorC？三者最。。。Eg:Whichisbigger,theearth，thesunorthemoon?主语+be+oneofthe+最高级+复数名词+in/of最。。。之一Eg:Heisoneofthetalleststudentsinhisclass.四.扩展训练（1）.根据句意和首字母提示，把下列句子补充完整。1.Iam1.60metres.Youare1.58metres.Youaresthanme.2.Theboxistoosmall.I'dlikeabone.3.Anelephantistthanabear.4.Abearissthanamonkey.5.Adinosaurishthanadog.6.Mymothercthelivingroomyesterday.7.ZhangPengoftenwhisclothesintheevening8.ChenJiewTVlastnight.（2）选择填空（）1.I'mtiredtoday.Iexcitedyesterday。A.amB.wasC.were（）2.Iwentboating.A.lastsummerholidayB.tomorrowC.nextSunday（）3.Howareyou?43kilograms.A.longB.bigC.heavy（）4.Arabbit'stailismuchthanahorse's.A.longerB.shorterC.short（）5.Herfishisbiggerthan.A.meB.myC.mine（）6.Whois，MikeorPeter?A.heavyB.heavierC.old（）7.Mymother'saresmall.A.footB.footsC.feet（）8.HongKongissmallerthanGuangzhou.GuangzhouisthanHongKong.A.bigerB.biggestC.bigger（）9.Mymotherlooksthanbefore.A.thinB.thinerC.thinner（）10.youhelpyourparentssomehouseworklastweek?A.Do;doB.Did;doC.Did;did（3）用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Didyou（wash）yourhands?2.YaoMingoften（play）basketball.3.Mymother（go）shoppingwithmyauntyesterday.4.（be）youhappyyesterday?5.Mikeisgoingto（read）booksthisafternoon.6.Mygrandma（make）thebedjustnow.7.Thepig'stailis（short）thanthemonkey's8.Theelephantis（heavy）thantheduck.9.Thingsaregettingand（bad）10.ChenJieis（tall）inherclass.（4）根据答语，从方框选出适合的问句AA.Howbigareyourfeet?B.Issheheavierthanyou?C.Howtallareyou?D.Howheavyisshe?E.Howtallisyourmother?（）1.I'm1.58metrestall.（）2.She's1.62metrestall.（）3.Yes,sheisheavierthanme.（）4.Sheis70kg.（）5.Iwearsize38.BA.Howdidyoudothisweekend?B.WhatdidyoudoonSaturdayafternoon?C.Whataboutyou,Marry?D.Whatdidyoudointhemorning?E.Howwasyourweekend?F.WhatdidyoudoonSunday?G.Howareyou?Marry：（1）Tom：Itwasbusy.Mary：（2）Tom：Ididhomeworkinthemorning.Mary：（3）Tom：IwenttoaparkandflewkitesintheafternoonMary：（4）Tom：Iwenttothelibrary,andthenwentfishing.Mary：Oh,youwerereallybusy.Tom：（5）Mary：Isleptontheweekend.五.课外延伸&家庭作业1.根据汉语提示，把下面句子补充完整。（一）你不比Amy重YouthanAmy.（2）你朋友比你年轻吗?yourfriendthan?（3）我穿38号的鞋子。I38shoes。（4）妈妈昨晚整理了床铺。Mumthelastnight.（5）今天早上你打扫你的房间了吗？Didyouthismorning?（6）去年冬天他们常常去爬山Theyoftenlastyear.（二）阅读理解Jackhadanawkward（尴尬的）day.Hewenttothegymtowatchafootballmatchlastweek.Hewasveryexcited.Thereweresomanypeopleinthegym.Itwasverycrowded（拥挤的）.Hewenttotheticketoffice（售票处）tobuyaticket.Therewasalongqueue（队伍）.SoJackstoodattheendofthequeue.Hewasbored,sohelistenedtomusic.Amomentlater,aladycamedirectly（直接地）totheticketwindow.Shedidn'tstandinland.Jackwasveryangry!Hetoldtheladytowaitattheendoftheline.Buttheladysaidthatshewasalsoaticketsalesperson（售票员）,andshejustwantedtotalktoherfriend.Jackwasawkward.（）1.HowdidJackfeellastweekend?A.Hefeltexcited.B.Hefeltbored.C.Hefeltawkward.（）2.WhydidJackgototheticketoffice?A.