2023北京海淀高三一模英语（教师版）

2023北京海淀高三一模英语2023.04本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BeforeJennypassedawayfromcancer,shemadeherhusband,Steve,andtheirdaughter，Brittany,promiseheronething:hewould1Brittany,ahighschoolsenior,tothehomecoming(返校节)game,whereshewas2forhomecomingqueen.Itwasimportanttoherthatherdaughtershouldgo.BrittanyandSteve3.Dayslater,onthemorningofFriday，September24,Jennydied.Keepingtheir4,thatveryafternoon,anemotionalBrittanywalkedarminarmwithherfatheracrossthefootballfieldwiththeothernominees(被提名者)toawaitthe5ofthevoting.Brittanywasn'tnamedhomecomingqueenthatday;Nylawas.But,likemanyintheclose-knitcommunity,NylahadheardaboutJennyandhernobledeedsforthecommunity.Ina(n)_6gesture,momentsafterreceivingthecrown,NylawalkedovertoBrittany,removedthecrownfromherhead,andplaceditatopherfriend's.Thetwoembraced,7holdingeachothertightlyforsupport.“She'dratherhavehermomthanacrown,”Nylasaid.ByhandingittoBrittany,"Iwastellingherthatshewashermom'squeen,andthatshewaslovedbymany,especiallyme.”“Ifeltsomuchlovefromher,andIjustfeltsomuchloveforher,”saidBrittany,whopaidNylatheultimatepraise,"IcanseemymomthroughNyla.Theyhavethesamecaring,8spirit.”“Nylaisnolessqueenforlackofacrown,”saidateacher.There'sasayingthatrealqueens9eachother'scrowns.Butthetruthis，realqueensgiveuptheircrownstoletotherqueens10.1.A.invite B.introduce C.recommend D.accompany2.A.running B.voting C.seeking D.applying3.A.agreed B.negotiated C.hesitated D.declined4.A.award B.promise C.appointment D.secret5.A.session B.process C.outcome D.start6.A.unplanned B.expectant C.unwilling D.typical7.A.gratefully B.cheerfully C.sadly D.tearfully8.A.volunteering B.nursing C.giving D.forgiving9.A.wear B.make C.trade D.fix10.A.stand B.shine C.lead D.celebrate第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AI'velovedphotographysinceIwasateenager.Myparentsrecordedmanyhomevideosofmysiblingsandme.Cherishedfamilymoments11(document).Revisitingthemwaslikeopeningatreasurechest.I'mgratefulforthesevisualrecords12showedouryouthandgrowth.Filmhadabiginfluenceonme.Ilovetheemotionsconveyedbythestoryonvideo.ForadecadeIworkedasafreelancefilmmakerandphotographer.Irecordedawiderangeofgenres，therefore13(collect)tensofthousandsofimages—bothstillandmoving.B“Conventionalwisdomtellsusthatwecanfeelhappierifwesmileorthatwecangetourselves14amoreseriousmoodifwescowl(怒视),"saidNicholasColes,aPhDatUtahUniversity.Histeamcombineddatafrom138studiestestingmorethan11,000participantsandfoundfacial15_(express)dohaveimpactonfeelings.Forexample,smilingmakespeoplehappier，scowlingmakesthemfeelangrier,andfrowningmakesthem16(sad).Thesefindingsareexcitingbecausetheyprovideaclueabouthowthemindandbodyinteract17(influence)ourconsciousexperienceofemotion.CBydrawingpatternssuchasbamboosonthesurfaceofacupoftea,Chabaixi,anancientChineseteatrick18(go)viralrecently.Thereareadozensteps,fromgrindingteaforfinepowder,topouringboiledwater,stirringthemixtureforthickfroth(泡沫),andfinallydrawingpatterns.Clearwaterisusedtoputintothecup.Whenthewater19(touch)thesurfaceoftea,itturnsintoawhitecoloranddisappearsin20minutes.Theprocessbeforedrawingisknownas“diancha".Thequalityofitiscrucialto20thepatternscanbesuccessfullyproducedlater.第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIfyou'reinterestedinpushingyourselfacademicallywhileexperiencingcollegelife,ourSummerProgramsforPre-Collegestudents(SPP)canbeidealforyou.Intheprograms,youwillbeabletomakefriendswithfellowstudents,engageinsocialactivitiesaroundthecityandoncampus,andexperiencepre-collegesummerstudyatoneoftheworld'stopteachingandresearchuniversities.Ourlong-runningsummertermpre-collegeofferingsincludeachoiceofone-,two-,three-,andsix-weekprogramsthatprepareyouforsuccessincollege.Withfiveexcitingandchallengingpre-collegesummerprogramstochoosefrom,youcanearncollegecredit,discoveranewsubjectarea,performcutting-edgeresearchinuniversitylabs,orimmerseyourselfinhands--onlearning.AcademiclifeSPPinvitesyoutojoinotherhighlymotivatedteensfrom87countriesinoursummerprogramsforhighschoolstudents-andtaketheleapintocollegelifeandacademics,whichenablesyoutotakeonnewacademicchallenges,exploreavarietyofinterestsandconsiderpossiblemajors.Youcantakecollegecoursesalongsideundergraduateseitheroncampusoronline.Andyoucanalsoearnuptoeightcollegecreditsbyconductingin-depthSTEMresearchwithindividualinstructorsoraspartofagroupproject.Or,youcanimmerseyourselfinavarietyofstimulatingnoncreditseminarsthatblendlectureswithexperientiallearning,discussions,andprojects.Campus/ResidencelifeEmbracingcollegelifeisanexcitingexperience.Whetheryouliveoncampusorcommute,you'llgettoknowtheinsandoutsofcollegeandcitylife.Ifyouliveoncampus,youwillstayintheresidencehall,sharingaroomandparticipatingindormactivities.Therearetypicallytwostudentsperroomandsafetyisourhighestpriority:residencehallshavelive-inuniversitystalland24-hoursecurity.Residentprogramassistantsprovideguidance,coordinateandleadsocialactivities,rangingfromgroupactivitiesthatincludecomedyshowstofieldtrips.Yourhardworkwillbecombinedwithsocialeventsandfunactivities-andyou'llstillhavetimeforyourownadventuresoncampus!EmailtheSPPofficeatsppoffice@mail.edu.21.SPPaimsto.A.helpcollegestudentstoachieveacademicsuccessB.provideadmissionguidelinesforpre-collgestudentsC.gethighschoolstudentswell-preparedforcollegelifeD.encouragestudentstoparticipateinhands-onlearning22.Whatarestudentssupposedtodotoearntherequiredcredits?A.CarryoutSTEMresearch.B.Attendvariousseminars.C.Finishthecoursesonline.D.Joininexperientiallearning.23.Accordingtothepassage,studentslivingoncampus.A.canorganizesocialactivitiesB.willhaveaccesstoasingleroomC.areprovidedwithgoodsecurityD.areadvisedtodirectcomedyshowsB“Ican'tconnectwithyourcharacters."Ikepthearingthesamefeedbackandwasunabletounderstandwhyandnotsurewhattodo.Iwasacharacter-drivenwriter.HowcouldImessuptheonethingIwassupposedtobegoodat?Iwasdeterminedtoconvincemyagentthatthesecharacterswerereal.Afterall,Iknewtheywerereal.MymaincharacterLotushadlivedinsidemeforyears.Ijustneededtoclarifyheronthepage.Iwroteandeditedforayear,tryingtorespondtothisagent'sfeedback.ButLotus'personalitybegantodisappear.Itriedtohavehermake“better”decisions,wearsmarterfashion,andhavemorefriends,asmyagentsaidsheacted“immature”andwas“isolated”.Andwhenthisagentultimatelypartedwayswithme,IfeltlikeIhadfailed.Nowwithtimeanddistance,IrealizeItriedtofitLotusintoaneurotypicalstyletopleasemyagent.Andasaresult,LotuslostherLotus-ness.WhenthatagentdiscouragedmefromwritingLotusasautistic(自闭的)，hesaidthatwouldmakeLotusseemmore“vulnerable(脆弱的)”oran“obviousvictim”.Ididn'twantLotustoseemvulnerable.Lotus'autismiswhatmakesherpowerful,Itriedtoexplain.Butfromaneurotypicalperspective,Lotus'autismcouldonlybeseenasaweakness.Unsureofhowtoconvincemyagentofthestrengthandpowerautisticwomenhold,IbegantowriteLotusas“neurotypical”.AndIfailedmiserably.Afterall,whatdoIknowaboutbeingneurotypical?Mywholelife,autismwasmydefault.Notbeingdiagnoseduntil2020,IassumedthewayIsawtheworldwas“normal”.Mycurrentagentencouragesmetowritefrommyneurodivergent(神经多样性的)experience.Withthisinvitation,IrevisitedLotusandsawherthewayIfirstwroteher.AndwhenIdid,thecharactersandtheentirenarrativebegantomakemoresense.Identifyingmycharactersasneurodivergentnotonlygivesmejoyasawriter,butithasproducedmystrongestwriting.Forsolong,I'vecombattedtheadviceto“writewhatIknow”,inpartbecauseIdidn'tknowwhatIactuallyknew.Ididn'tknowIwasneurodivergent.ButasIminethespecificityofmylivedexperience,mywritingisstronger.Thereisapowertoourlivedexperience.It'snotalimitationonourcraft,butaswingingopenofthegates.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivingtherepeatedresponsefromthefirstagent?A.Confused.B.Convinced.C.Determined.D.Disappointed.25.Lotus'personalitygotlostbecause.A.LotusnolongerlivedinsidetheauthorB.theauthorattemptedtopleasetheagentC.theagentfailedtosympathizewithLotusD.Lotuswasconsideredchildishandlonely26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Sheregrettedpartingwiththeagent.B.Sheowedhersuccessinlifetoautism.C.Shewasawareofherautismintheearlyyears.D.Shewasempoweredbyherautisticexperience.27.Whathastheauthorlearnedfrormherownexperience?A.Sticktoyourdreamdespitediscouragement.B.Betruetoyourselfandwritefromyourheart.C.Givingintoauthorityisthebarriertosuccess.D.Everyoneisbornanoriginalinsteadofacopy.CToachef,thesoundsoflipsmacking,slurpingandsallwingarethehighestformoffltery(恭维).Buttosomeonewithacertaintypeofmisophonia(恐音症),thesesamesoundscanbetorturous.Brainscansarenowhelpingscientistsstarttounderstandwhy.Peoplewithmisophoniaexperiencestrongdiscomfort,annoyanceordisgustwhentheyhearparticulartriggers.Thesecanincludechewing,swallowing,slurping,throatclearing,coughingandevenaudiblebreathing.Researcherspreviouslythoughtthisreactionmightbecausedbythebrainoveractivelyprocessingcertainsounds.Now,however,anewstudypublishedinJournalofNeurosciencehaslinkedsomeformsofmisophoniatoheightened“mirroring”behaviorinthebrain:thoseaffectedfeeldistresswhiletheirbrainsactasiftheywereimitatingthetriggeringmouthmovements."Thisisthefirstbreakthroughinmisophoniaresearchin25years,"sayspsychologistJenniferJ.Brout,whodirectstheInternationalMisophoniaResearchNetworkandwasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy.Theresearchteam,ledbyNewcastleUniversityneuroscientistSukhbinderKumar,analyzedbrainactivityinpeoplewithandwithoutmisophoniawhentheywereatrestandwhiletheylistenedtosounds.Theseincludedmisophoniatriggers(suchaschewing),generallyunpleasantsounds(likeacryingbaby),andneutralsounds.Thebrain'sauditory(听觉的)cortex,whichprocessessound,reactedsimilarlyinsubjectswithandwithoutmisophonia.Butinboththerestingstateandlisteningtrials,peoplewithmisophoniashowedstrongerconnectionsbetweentheauditorycortexandbrainregionsthatcontrolmovementsoftheface,mouthandthroat,whilethecontrolledgroupdidn't.Kumarfoundthisconnectionbecamemostactiveinparticipantswithmisophoniawhentheyheardtriggersspecifictothecondition.“Justbylisteningtothesound,theyactivatethemotorcortexmorestrongly.Soinawayitwasasiftheyweredoingtheactionthemselves,”Kumarsays.Somemirroringistypicalinmosthumanswhenwitnessingothers'actions;theresearchersdonotyetknowwhyanexcessive(过分的)mirroringresponsemightcausesuchanegativereaction,andhopetoaddressthatinfutureresearch.“Possibilitiesincludeasenseoflossofcontrol,invasionofpersonalspace,orinterferencewithcurrentgoalsandactions,"thestudyauthorswrite.FatimaHusain,anllinoisUniversityprofessorofspeechandhearingscience,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,sayspotentialmisophoniatherapiescouldbuildonthenewfindingsbycounselingpatientsabouthandlingunconsciousmotorresponsestotriggeringsounds-notjustcopingwiththesoundsthemselves.Ifthisworks,sheadds,oneshouldexpecttoseereducedconnectedactivitybetweentheauditoryandmotorcortices.28.Itcanbelearntfromthenewstudythat.A.misophoniasuffererscan'thelpimitatingthetriggersB.peoplewithmisophoniaaremorelikelytoflatterchefsC.thebrainsofpeoplewithmisophoniaoverreacttosoundsstronglyD.misophoniasuffererstendtohavesimilarannoyingactivitiesintheirbrains29.Comparedwithpeoplewithoutmisophonia,peoplewithmisophonia.A.sufferlessseverelyattherestingstateB.ownmarkedlydifferentbrainstructuresC.reactmorenegativelyatamirroringresponseD.losecontroloftheirfacialmovementseasily30.Whatmightbethesignificanceofthestudy?A.Improvingspeechandhearingscience.B.Developingatreatmentformisophonia.C.Drawingpeople'sattentiontomisophonia.D.Promotinghumanbrainstructureresearch.DAtamuseuminVietnam,LenaBui'sfilmWhereBirdsDanceTheirLastreflectedonthebeautyandvulnerabilityofVietnamesefeatherfarmsafterBirdFlu.DuringafestivalinRwanda,EllenReid'saudioexperienceSoundwalkwassharedinahopefuldiscussionaboutmusic,parksandmentalhealth.TheseareafewofthethingsIhavehelpedbringtolifeovertheyears,workingattheintersectionofscientificresearch,theartsandadvocacytosupportscienceinsolvingglobalhealthchallenges.Scienceiskeytoaddressingtheseissues.Butitisn'ttheonlykey.Toachieveitspotentialandforitsadvancestobeimplementedandreachallwhocouldbenefit,sciencedependsontrustandgoodrelationships.Peoplemightnotalwaysseescienceasrelevant,trustworthyormeaningfultotheirlives.Therearereasonswhysomeseescienceashavingachequeredpast,fromnuclearweaponstoeugenics(优生学),andarethereforeuninterestedin,orsuspiciousof,whatitproposes.Othersfeelexcludedbytheincomprehensibilityofhyperspecialistknowledge.Initscapacitytobuilduponandtestanevidencebase,scienceispowerful,butresearchersandfundershaven'tbeenasgoodatensuringthisevidencebaserespondstotheneedsandinterestsofdiversecommunities,orinformspolicymakerstotakeaction.Sciencemightbeperceivedasdistancingitselffromthepersonal,thepoeticandthepolitical,yetitispreciselythesequalitiesthatcanbemostinfluentialwhenitcomestopublicinterestinatopicorhowagovernmentprioritizesadecision.Amovingstorywelltoldcanbemorememorablethanalistoffacts.Thisiswheretheartscomein.Artistscangiveusdiferentperspectiveswithwhichtoconsiderandreimaginetheworldtogether.Theycanredresstheproclaimedobjectivityinsciencebybringingstories-subjectivities-intothepicture,andthesecanhelpfosterasenseofconnectionandhope.In2012,Isetupartistresidenciesinmedicalresearchcentresaroundtheworld.BuiwasattachedtotheOxfordUniversityClinicalResearchUnitinVietnam.Theheadoftheresearchteamwasdelighted,findingthatBui,asaVietnameseartist,hadlicensetobein,andtoshareusefulinsightsfrom,villageswhereinfectiousdiseaseresearchersweren'twelcome.Sixyearslater,IledWellcome'sContagiousCitiesprogram,whichestablishedartistresidenciesworldwidetosupportlocallyledexplorationsofepidemicpreparedness.Therecentpandemicmadethisworkmorenoticeable,andhasinformedourMindscapesprogramwhichiscurrentlysharingexperiencesofmentalhealththroughtheworkofartists.Withpandemic,climateandmentalhealthcrisesuponus,risinginequalityandwhatfeelslikeanincreasinglybrokenworld,neverhastherebeenmoreneedtobuildandnurturehopefulandimaginativespacestogrowhumanconnectionandsharedpurposeforthecommongood.Scienceandtheartscanworkhandinglovetoachievethis.31.TheauthorliststwoworksinParagraph1mainlyto.A.revealthegapbetweenscienceandartB.provehiscompetenceinbothscienceandartC.introducesuccessfulscience-relatedartworksD.showthatsciencecanbepromotedinartforms32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chequered"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Recentandremote.B.Goodandbad.C.Usualandunusual.D.Peacefulandscary.33.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragree?A.Policy-makersbasetheirdecisionsonscience.B.Researcherspopularizescienceeffectively.C.Scienceiswellreceivedamongthepublic.D.Theartshelppeoplebuildconnections.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheValueoftheArtstoScienceB.WhereDoScienceandtheArtsMeet?C.ANewWaytoFightPandemic--theArtsD.WhichMattersMore,ScienceortheArts?第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。"Justthinkpositively!"“Itcouldbeworse."“Youshouldlookatthebrightside!"We'veallheard(andmaybeused)thesephraseswithoutmuchthought.Buttheycouldbecontributingtoacultureoftoxic(有毒的)positivity.Forthosenewtothisterm,itmightsoundlikeanoxymoron(矛盾修辞法).Howcanpositivitybetoxic?Isn'titsupposedtobehelpful,or"positive”，asthenamesuggests?35“Toxicpositivityiswhensomebodyavoidsallnegativethoughtsorfelings,pretendingeverythingisgoingwellwhenitisnot,"explainsMelissaDowd,atherapistatPlushCare,avirtualhealthplatformforprimarycareandmentalhealthservices.WhitneyGoodman,theauthorofToxicPositivitydescribestoxicpositivityasthe“endlesspressuretobehappyandpositive,nomatterwhatthecircumstancesare."36It'salsosomethingwecancauseotherpeopletoexperience.Expressingtoxicpositivitytoothersmaylooklikeofferingthemasimplesolutiontoacomplicatedproblemthatweknownothingabout,ornotallowingpeoplearoundyoutoappropriatelyexpressnegativeemotions.Toxicpositivitycausesustosuppressouremotions,whichcanmakethemworse.37“Althoughitcanbehelpfultolookonthebrightsidewhenfacingchallenges,"Dowdsays,“notcopingwithnegativefeelingsinahealthywayinthemomentcanleadtothosefeelingsresurfacinglaterindifferentareasofyourlifeorasaformofanxiety."38“IfIfeellikeyou'regoingtodismissme,I'mgoingtostopsharinghowI'mfelling,"Goodmanadds.39Ifyou'reusingtoxicpositivityagainstyourself,Goodmansuggestsrememberingit'sOKifyou'reupsetaboutsomething.It'svalidifsomethingannoysyou.“Allowourselvesandotherpeopletosharewhenthey'regoingthroughadifficulttime,"shesays.Dowdaddsthatit'sessentialthat“wealllearntocopewithandprocessouremotionsinahealthywayasopposedtoavoidinghowwefeel"aslife'sstressorscontinuetorise.Forexample,insteadofsimplysaying“Justthinkpositively,"we'dbettersay“Sometimesbadthingshappen.HowcanIhelp?"A.Aretherewaystoavoidtoxicpositivity?B.Toxicpositivityalsodisruptsconnection.C.Itcanharmpeoplewhoaregoingthroughdifficulttimes.D.Thiscancomeupindifferentsituationswhenwearedealingwithpressure.E.Theybecomemoreintenseandcancauselong-lastinghealthconcernsinthefuture.F.Expertssayconstantforcedpositivitycanleadtotheopposite,andhaveanegativeeffect.G.Thisiswhatwemaybringontoourselvesbynotallowingnegativethoughtsandfeeling.第三部分:书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。E-wasteisaseriousproblemthatisn'tgoingtogetbetteronitsown.Herearesomedo-it-yourselftipsonhowtomanagee-waste.Maybethebiggestcauseofoure-wasteproblemisthefactthatwebuythingsthatwejustdon'tneed.Nexttimeyoufeellikeyouneedadeviceorelectronicitem,stopyourselfandaskifitistrulynecessary.Thisismaybealsotheeasiestwaywecanmanagee-waste.Organizeyourelectronics.Ifyoudon'tkeepyourconnectors,DVDs,wiresandgadgetsorganized,youwon'tbeawareofwhatyouhave.Whenwebuyduplicateelectronicsbecausewethinkweneedthem,wearecontributingtoourgrowinge-wasteproblem.“Howtomanagee-waste”becomeslessofanissuewhenwekeepourownhousesinorder.Ifyoudonotneedapieceofequipmentanditisingoodenoughconditiontobereused,donateitassoonasyoucansothatsomebodyelsecanuseitDonationsaregoodforusbecausetheyareausefulwaytogettaxdeductions(减税),andalotoftimesthattaxdeductionwillbeclosetothevalueoftheitemhadyoutriedtosellit.Takeyourelectronicsbacktothestore.Somestoresoffertrade-inprograms,whereyoucandropoffyouroldequipmentinreturnforgiftcards.Therearealsoplacestosellelectronicsthatmightbevaluabletosomebodyelse.Justbesuretosellthemrightaway,becausetheylosevalueveryrapidlyinourchangingmarket.Ifyouarefrequentlyreceivingmemorysticksandlittlegadgets,collectthemintoagood-e-bag,WheneveryounolongerneedaUSBstickorasmallelectronicdevice,tossitintothebag.Youmightbesurprisedathowquicklyitfillup.Sobesureyouareutilizingyourmaterialsandproductsthoughtfully.WiththesetipsyoucanuseDIYsolutionstolearnhowtomanagee-waste.Yourhousewillbecleaner,youwillsavemoneyandyou'llbedoingagoodthing.40.Whatisthebiggestcauseofoure-wasteproblem?41.Howcanpeoplegettaxdeductionswhenmanaginge--waste?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseintheflowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Selltheelectronicsthat.youdon'tneedrightawaybecausetheearlieryousellthem,themoregiftcardsyoucanget.43.Whydoweneedtomanageoure-waste?(Inabout40words)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你与交换生Jim要共同完成一篇项目学习的论文，他建议用AI完成初稿。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:1.委婉拒绝并说明理由;2.你的建议及计划。注意:1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词语:项目学习-project-basedlearningDearJim,Yours,LiHua(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)

参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1.D2.A3.A4.B5.C6.A7.D8.C9.D10.B第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11.weredocumented12.that/which13.collecting14.in/into15.ex