动词（讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初英语PEP版第一轮总复习考点专题精讲专题5—动词考点解密考点解密动词是用来表示动作或状态的词。动词分成四类，即实义动词(也称行为动词)、系动词、助动词和情态动词(见专题六)。考查的重点是动词辨析、动词短语辨析、动词时态。常考题型有选择题、完形填空题和改错题等。通过本专题的学习，我们能够了解动词的分类，知道动词的基本形式，掌握常见的四种动词时态和标志性的时间状语。考点准备区考点准备区考点：动词的分类和用法考点：动词的分类和用法▶▶实义动词定义也称行为动词，表示动作或状态，有完整词义，一般在句子中作谓语分类及物动词(vt.)及物动词后面跟宾语不及物动词(vi.)不及物动词不跟宾语▶▶典型例题例1：Shehard.她勤奋学习。【答案】studies【方法点拨】study后没有宾语，是不及物动词；由于主语是she,时态为一般现在时，故用动词的第三人称单数形式，study变y为i再加es。▶▶系动词定义系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，需和表语一起构成谓语状态系动词be感官系动词look,smell,sound,taste变化系动词bee,get,grow,turn▶▶典型例题例2：—WhoBenandTim?—Theymyclassmates;.A.is;isB.is;areC.are;areD.are;is【答案】C【方法点拨】由BenandTim可知主语为两人，谓语需要用系动词are。答句的主语they应与are搭配。▶▶助动词定义助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语用于表示否定、疑问、时态、语态、语气等do,have,shall,will,should,would▶▶典型例题例3：Peterlikefish,buthissisterlikesit.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.aren't【答案】B【方法点拨】助动词必须和主语在人称和数量上保持一致，Peter是第三人称单数，所以用doesn't.▶▶动词的基本形式动词原形未进行变化的原始动词第三人称单数①一般在动词的词尾加s。如：look→looks,work→works②以ch,sh,s,x及“辅音字母+o”结尾的词，在词尾加es。如：watch→watches,wash→washes,do→does③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i,再加es。如：study→studies,carry→carries④不规则变化。如have→has现在分词①一般在动词后加ing。如：work→working,sleep→sleeping②以不发音的e结尾的词，去掉e后再加ing。如：smile→smiling,move→moving③以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写末尾的辅音字母再加ing。如：sit→sitting,plan→planning④以字母ie结尾的词，将ie改为y,再加ing。如：die→dying,lie→lying,tie→tying过去式①一般情况下，在动词后加ed。如：work→worked,stay→stayed,shout→shouted②以e结尾的词后只加d。如：close→closed,like→liked,live→lived,smile→smiled③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i,再加ed。如：study→studied,carry→carried④以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母再加ed。如：stop→stopped,admit→admitted⑤部分动词的过去式是不规则变化的，须单独记忆。如：go→went,see→saw,sing→sang,sleep→slept▶▶典型例题例4：Didyourbrothersingingwhenhewasyoung?A.likeB.likesC.liked【答案】A【方法点拨】疑问句中后面的动词用原形。例5：It(say)snakeslovemusic.【答案】says【方法点拨】此题考查动词第三人称单数形式。句意：听说蛇喜欢音乐。从句用一般现在时，主句也用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，say动词三单形式是says。考点过关区考点过关区精编常考易考过关检测试题班级姓名第一层：基础过关题一、用am,is,are填空1.Mybrothertallandstrong.2.Thewomanwithsmalleyesateacher.3.Howyouruncle?4.Whoseskirtthis?5.Whoseshoesthey?6.WhoI?7.Hereawatchforyou.8.Heresomebreadforyou.二、用is,am,are,do,does填空1.youlikecooking?2.AnngoodatEnglish?3.LindaandJohnlikeclimbingtrees?4.LinfromasmalltowninWestChina.5.hebusydoinghishomework?6.Theykindtous.7.Weallmiddleschoolstudents.8.Iinterestedinplayingbasketball.9.shegotoschoolbybikeeveryday?10.theydotheirhomeworkeveryday?三、用like和likes填空1.Iflyingkites.2.ShereadingbooksonSundays.3.Heflyingkitesonsunnydays.4.Tomcollectingleavesinautumn.5.Theyrunningandjumping.四、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1.There(be)threeapplesonthetree.2.Themanandthewomanalways(listen)totheradio.3.Jack(read)abookwhenthetelephonerang.4.They(have)gotsevengifts.5.Youhadbetter(go)homeatonce.6.Lily(notsing)verywell.五、选择填空()1.—Howmanystudentsthereinyourclass?—Thereforty.A.is;isB.are;areC.is;areD.are;is()2.Whichbigger,theorangeortheapple?A.areB.isC.beD./()3.Mymotherateacher.Sheherpupilsverymuch.A.is;likeB.is;likesC.are;likesD.are;like()4.Iadrivernextyear.A.amB.willbeC.beD.will()5.Ihappylastnight.A.becameB.feltC.lookedD.am()6.Hisvoicelikemycousin's.A.soundsB.soundC.looksD.look()7.Hisfacewhitewhenheheardthebadnews.A.gotB.isC.turnedD.was()8.NeithershenorIanurse.A.amnotB.amC.areD.is六、英译汉1.Ourcountyisgettingstrongerandstronger.2.Wemustgetreadytogothere.3.Itisafinedaytoday.4.Pingpongismyfavoritesport.5.Thesoupsmellsdelicious.6.Hisanswerseemstobecorrect.7.Don'tdrinkthemilk.Ithasturnedsour.8.Don'tmakeanynoise.Pleasekeepquiet.七、判断下列句子的对错，对的在括号里画“√”,错的画“×”,并改正()1.Lucyandhermotherdon'tgoingsopping.()2.WeplaysbasketballonMondaymorning.()3.TheoldmanlikestolearnEnglish.()4.Idon'tmyhomeworkathome.()5.Mikeareplayingfootball.八、用所给的人称改写句子1.Theylikecollectingstamps.(Tom)2.Ilistentomusiccarefully.(Linda)3.ItakephotosonSunday.(John)4.Youlikemakingamodelcar.(Nick)5.Wegrowbeautifulflowers.(Ann)九、按要求改写句子1.Doyouoftenreadstorybooksafterschool?(肯定回答)2.Wehavefournotebooks.(改为否定句)3.LiLing'sbrotherlikesplayingfootball.(改为否定句)4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearHangzhou.(改为一般疑问句)5.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句)十、改写句子1.Ilikesinging.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:2.Tomhasabluebag.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:3.Mysisterbuyssomebooks.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:4.Mybrotherplaysbasketballafterschool.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:5.Iwenthikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:6.Shewasateachertenyearsago.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:7.Thereweresmallhousesnearthehills.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:8.Sheismygoodfriend.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:9.Myauntworksinahospital否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:10.Thisisaredkite.否定句:一般疑问句:肯/否定回答:第二层：拓展提升题一、用is,am,are,was,were,do,does,did填空1.ShemyEnglishteacher.2.WefromCanada.3.theygiveyouanydeliciouscandies?4.Istrongerthanmysister.5.Heanursefiveyearsago.6.shevisittheschoolyesterday?7.Theyveryshorttenyearsago.8.Isixyearsoldfiveyearsago.9.hehelpyouwithyourwork?10.theygotothecinemaonSundays?二、用don't和doesn't及didn't填空1.Igotoschoolyesterday.2.Ihavemyowncartwomonthsago.3.ShelikegoingshoppingonSundays.4.TimlikewatchingTV.5.Mygrandpalikesmoking.6.Thedoglikeeatingbones.7.welikeflyingkites,helikeeither.8.Theyworkhardoneyearsago.三、把下列动词变为第三人称单数形式1.live2.like3.do4.wake5.watch6.play7.have8.eat9.work10.fly四、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空1.He(go)upat6o'clockinthemorning.2.They(read)Englishinthemorning.3.Peteroften(watch)TVintheevening.4.Thegirl(fly)akiteeveryspring.5.Lily(like)herdressverymuch.6.I(notgo)homebybikeeveryday.五、选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填空smelltastegogetbeegrowseemlookfeelturn1.Myauntveryyoung.2.Lastweekend,Iverytired.3.Mysisteradoctorlastyear.4.Theflowerverysweet.5.Theleaveswillyellowinautumn.6.Youveryhappy.7.Thecakegood.8.Thebeefbad.六、选择填空()1.Hetoldusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.worked()2.Thestudentswillgototheparkifittomorrow.A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.won'trainD.isn'training()3.Hesatdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.had.()4.Theteacheraskedustoschoolontime.A.toeB.ingC.eD.es()5.Theytheofficeatnineyesterdaymorning.A.reachedB.arrivedC.wentD.getto()6.You'dbetterathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay;doB.stay;doC.tostay;todoD.stay;todo七、根据汉语提示写出正确的短语或词组,将答案填写在模线上1.那个医生好像很匆忙的样子。Thedoctorinahurry.2.为什么你感到悲伤?Whydoyou?3.我爷爷的头发变白了。Mygrandpa'shair.4.我弟弟成了一名学生。Mybrotherastudent.5.2023年,我叔叔成了一名警察。Myunclein2023.6.王老师来看我时,我在做作业。IwhenMissWangcametoseeme.7.足球运动会后,他感觉又饿又累。Heafterthefootballmeeting.8.听到这个好消息时,安的脸色变得红润起来。Ann'sfacewhensheheardthegoodnews.八、判断下列句子的对错,正确的在括号里打“√”,错误的打“×”,并改正。()1.ZhangLeiliveinHebei.()2.Ialwaysdoesmyhomeworkat7:00intheevening.()3.Shealwayswritealettertoherfriend.()4.Atigerdoesn'teatgrass.()5.Itdon'tsingverywell.九、用所给的人称改写句子1.Idrawahouseandsomeflowers.(she)2.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.(he)3.Theylookafterthecats.(mygrandma)4.Ireadbooksinthemorning.(Mr.Wang)5.Wegotobedateight.(mysister)十、用所给单词的正确形式填空ThissummerholidayI'll(write)astory!Itwill(be)afantasy(魔幻)storyliketheHarryPotterbooks.I'llwriteabout10,000words.Thecharacters(人物)inmystory(be)fourlovelygirls.They(live)ordinary(普通的)lives.Butonedaysomething(change)theirlivesforever.I'llbeawonderfulbook.参考答案第一层：基础过关题一、1.is2.is3.is4.is5.are6.am7.is8.is二、1.Do2.Is3.Do4.is5.Is6.are7.are8.am9.Does10.Do三、1.like2.likes3.likes4.likes5.like四、1.are2.listen3.wasreading4.have/had5.go6.doesn'tsing五、1.B解析：students和forty都表示复数。2.B解析：which意为“哪一个;哪一些”,根据句意这里用单数。3.B解析：主语为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数。4.B解析：由nextyear可知时态为一般将来时，用“will/+动词原形”表示。5.B解析：由lastnight可知时态为一般过去时,feelhappy意为“感到高兴”。6.A解析：soundlike意为“听起来……”主语为单数,谓语动词也用单数形式。7.C解析：表示颜色的改变用turn.8.B解析：neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……，……和……都不”。当连接两个成分作主语时,其谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。六、1.我国正变得越来越强大。2.我们必须准备好去那儿。3.今天天气好。4.乒乓球是我最喜欢的运动。5.这汤闻起来很美味。6.他的答案似乎是正确的。7.别喝这牛奶，它已经变酸了。8.别出声,请保持安静。七、1.×going→go2.×plays→play3.√4.×don't后加do5.×are→is八、1.Tomlikescollectingstamps.2.Lindalistenstomusiccarefully.3.JohntakesphotosonSunday.4.Nicklikesmakingamodelcar.5.Anngrowsbeautifulflowers.九、1.Yes,Ido.2.Wedon'thavefournotebooks.3.LiLing'sbrotherdoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.4.DoessheliveinasmalltownnearHangzhou?5.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?十、1.否定句:Idon'tlikesinging.一般疑问句:Doyoulikesinging?肯/否定回答:Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.2.否定句:Tomdoesn'thaveabluebag.一般疑问句:DoesTomhaveabluebag?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.3.否定句:Mysisterdoesn'tbuyanybooks.一般疑问句:Doesyoursisterbuyanybooks?肯/否定回答:Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.注意:一般情况下在疑问句和否定句中，some变为any。4.否定句:Mybrotherdoesn'tplaybasketballafterschool.一般疑问句:Doesyourbrotherplaybasketballafterschool?肯/否定回答:Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.5.否定句:Ididn'tgohikingwithmyfriendsyesterday.一般疑问句:Didyougobikingwithyourfriendsyesterday?肯/否定回答:Yes,Idid/No,Ididn't.6.否定句:Shewasn'tateachertenyearsago.一般疑问句:Wassheateachertenyearsago?肯/否定回答:Yes,shewas.No,shewasn't.7.否定句:Thereweren'tsmallhousesnearthehills.一般疑问句:Weretheresmallhousesnearthehills?肯/否定回答:Yes,therewere./No,thereweren'