新教材同步系列2024春高中英语Unit12Innovation课件北师大版选择性必修第四册

UNIT12

INNOVATION美文导入素养解读：近几年英语高考的突出特点是坚持能力立意，突出对核心素养的考查。下面这篇文章就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开的。文章介绍了与本单元“科技创新”话题紧密相关的内容，有助于提升同学们对新兴科技的兴趣，从而树立积极的钻研科学、投身于科学的探索精神。主题：人与社会学科素养：思维品质难度系数：★★★★★

【语篇导读】本文介绍了亚龙·古罗维奇研究出一种新的分析面部照片的神经网，可以通过分析面部图片帮助医生缩小诊断范围，从而可以实现人工智能看脸识别疾病。Peoplewithgeneticsyndromes(综合征)sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures，butusingthemtomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickygiventherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural(神经系统的)networkthatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.YaronGurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookattheoverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelytohave.Theybasedtheneuralnetwork，calledDeepGestalt，on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtomatchmorethan200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedAItoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photosofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.Gurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheneuralnetwork’sabilitytodistinguishbetweenthedifferentgeneticmutations(基因突变)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedphotographsofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome(努南综合征)，whichcanresultfrommutationsinanyoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltcorrectlyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.It’sclearlynotperfect，butit’sstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.Asthesystemmakesitsassessments，thefacialregionsthataremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsaboutprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics，thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould，inprinciple，secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However，Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailableforusebyclinicians.Thistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewhohavegeneticsyndromes.Therealvaluehereisthatforsomeoftheseultra-rarediseases，theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany，manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfirmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers.Forsomediseases，itwillcutdownthetimetodiagnosedramatically.Forothers，itcouldperhapsaddmeansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand，inturn，helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.注：努南综合征(Noonansyndrome)是一种在临床上具有相同的表型，但是在遗传上却存在异质性的疾病。tricky/'trɪkɪ/adj.狡猾的；机警的；棘手的identify/aɪ'dentɪfaɪ/vt.确定；鉴定；识别；辨认出；使参与；把……看成一样vi.确定；认同；一致disorder/dɪs'ɔːdər/n.骚乱；混乱；失调；疾病probability/ˌprɒbə'bɪləti/n.可能性；概率○课标词汇narrowdown缩小；限制；减少resultfrom由于；起因于；由……造成inprinciple大体上；原则上discriminateagainst歧视；区别对待beavailablefor有效；对……有用；可供……利用cutdown削减；砍倒1．Asthesystemmakesitsassessments，thefacialregionsthataremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.○句型精析分析：这是一个复合句。主句的主语为“thefacialregions”，谓语为“arehighlighted”和“made”；“thataremosthelpfulinthedetermination”是定语从句，“Asthesystemmakesitsassessments”为时间状语从句。译文：在这个系统作出评估的时候，在测定中最有帮助作用的面部区域会被突出显示，使医生得以仔细检查。2．Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics，thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould，inprinciple，secretlyusesuchtechniquestodiscriminateagainstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.分析：这是一个复合句“Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics”是条件状语从句，inprinciple，secretly是状语，“todiscriminateagainstpeople”是动词不定式作目的状语，“whohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders”是定语从句，修饰先行词“people”。译文：如果面部能透露基因的详细情况，那么雇主和保险公司大体上就能秘密地运用这些技术区别对待那些很可能患有一定疾病的人员。单元核心素养目标【语言技能】掌握形容词和短语介