河南省郑州市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案解析】

郑州市2023-2024学年上期期末考试高二英语试题卷注意事项：本试卷分四部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomando?A.Gotothebathroom.B.Checktheman’sbag.C.Watchtheman’sbag.2.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Classmates.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotel.B.Attheparty.C.Attherestaurant.4.Whatdotheythinkoftheweatherreport?A.Worrying.B.Unreliable.C.Accurate.5.WhichofthefollowingisbotheringDick?A.Hislowpay.B.Hisbusyschedule.C.Hisheavyworkload.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthepartystart?A.At8:00.B.At7:15.C.At7:30.7Whatproblemisthemanfacing?A.Hedoesn’tknowtheway.B.Heisrunningoutoftime.C.Heisstuckinthetrafficjam.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatcanbeknownaboutthewoman?A.Shedirectedthemusical.B.Shehadnotalentfordancing.C.Shestoppeddancingduetoanaccident.9.Whydoesthewomanlovegoingtomusicals?A.Shelikesthearts.B.Shemissesdancing.C.Sheenjoysseeingdancers.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhyisChrisunhappy?A.Hisfriendwashurt.B.Hewaslateforclass.C.Hisfriendwasseriouslyill.11.WhathappenedtoGreg?A.Hewashitbyacar.B.Hehurthisheadbadly.C.Hegothurtonhiswayhome.12.Wherewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.Atthehospital.B.Attheschoolgate.C.Atthebusstop.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisamustfortheposition?A.LevelBincomputerengineering.BHands-onprogrammingexperience.C.Skillsrelatedtodevelopingapplications.14.WhatkindofpersonisDavidaccordingtohisdescription?A.Skillful.B.Hard-working.C.Open-minded.15.HowdoesCathyfeelaboutDavid?A.Doubtful.B.Pleased.C.Uninterested.16.WhenwillDavidhearfromthecompany?A.Withinafewweeks.B.Withinamonth.C.Withinaweek.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whomightthespeakerbe?A.Atourguide.B.Abusdriver.C.Asalesperson.18.WhatisillegalinLosCabos?A.Eatingonabus.B.Beingdrunkinpublic.C.Drinkingwine.19.WhomightconsiderCabosSanLucasanidealdestination?A.Hikinglovers.B.Fansofhistoricsites.C.Watersportslovers.20.WherecantouristslearnaboutthepackagesSuntanToursoffers?A.Fromstreetsellers.B.Atthehoteltheyareheadingto.C.Intomorrow’sinformationexchange.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicalGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.PalmHouseThefirststopisthePalmHouse,agiantindoorrainforestwithawiderangeofplants.Visitorscanenjoytheseuniqueplantswhileresearcherscanstudythesecretsoftheseplants.EatableplantssuchascocoatreeandAfricanoilpalmareallpreservedheretokeepthediversityoffoodresources.Atthesametime,ithousesmanymedicaluseplants,includingsomethatareusedtotreatcancer.TemperateHouseKnownastheworld’slargestVictorianglasshouse,theTemperateHouseishometo1,500speciesofplantsfromtemperateregionsoftheworld.Someofthespecieskeptherehavegoneextinctinthewild,suchasEncephalartoswoodii,acycadfromSouthAfrica.AndsomearealreadyextinctlikeSaintHelenaolive,buttheKewhasstoreditsDNA.Mediterranean(地中海)GardenIntheMediterraneanGarden,onecanseeplantsfromtheSouthernEurope,suchasrosemary,olivesandcorkoak.Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibe(氛围)oftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.OnInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversitythisyear,joinCGTNtotravelaroundtheworld’snationalparksandreservesacrosssevencontinents.OurnextprogramistovisitpenguinsandsealsintheAntarcticIceAquariumNorway.1.Whatdothethreeplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyallstoreplantsformedicaluse.B.Theyallhaveplantsofeconomicvalue.C.Theyallhouseplantsofsevencontinents.D.Theyallownplantsforscientificresearch.2.Whichonesuitsavisitorpreferringoutdoorsites?A.PalmHouse. B.TemperateHouse.C.MediterraneanGarden. D.AntarcticIceAquarium.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.ATVtravelprogram. B.Abiodiversityessay.C.Atraveladvertisement. D.Abotanicaldictionary.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦KewGardens的具体情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“KewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.(邱园不仅是伦敦一个受欢迎的旅游目的地，也是一个植物园和一个研究中心，在每一个站点都拥有最大的活植物收藏。)”可知，这三个地方的共同点是拥有用于科学研究的植物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Walkinginthegarden,onecanfeelthenon-indoorvibeoftheMediterraneanandlearnabouttheeconomicaswellasscientificusesoftheseplants.(走在花园里，人们可以感受到地中海花园的非室内氛围，并了解这些植物的经济和科学用途。)”可知，MediterraneanGarden(地中海花园)适合喜欢户外场地的游客。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“KewGardensisnotonlyapopulartouristdestinationinLondon,butalsoabotanicalgardenandaresearchcenterthathasthelargestcollectionoflivingplantsatasinglesite.So,let’sexploretheRoyalBotanicalGardenswithCGTN’sreporterRobynDwyer.(邱园不仅是伦敦一个受欢迎的旅游目的地，也是一个植物园和一个研究中心，在单一地点拥有最大的活植物收藏。所以，让我们和中国国际电视台的记者罗宾·德怀尔一起探索皇家植物园。)”可知，这篇文章很可能取自一部由中国国际电视台的记者罗宾·德怀尔主持的旅游电视节目。故选A。BRecently,myhusbandandthreekidswereplayingintheMediterranean,swimmingandfloatinginthepicture-perfectsea.ItwasextremelybeautifulinMajorca,Spain.Thewaythesundancedacrossthewaterandhowthebluehorizonwasdottedwithstorybooksailboatsweresuchbeautifulscenes.Ialmostcouldn’tbelievemyeyes.MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodonthoseplans.Wespentdozensofhoursdiscussing,researchingandplanning.Wehadtolearnhowto“roadschool”ourkidsandarrangetimeofffromwork.Werenewedourpassports,andthenpackedourbags.Weshowedourkidstheworld.Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiverse,andhowamazingtheworldis.Wewantedthemtolearnallthatwehadlearnedourselves,throughourowntravelsasyoungadults.Buttherewassomethingmorethanthat:Whatwereallywantedistoslowdowntime.Wewantedthedaystolastabitlonger,andtheweekstotaketheirtime.Theyearswithourchildrenaregoingtoofast.Wewantedtoputthebrakeson(阻止)ourbusylivesforayear,andjustbewithourkids.Wewantedabreakfromthedailymorningroutineofmakinglunches,eatingbreakfastandrushingoutofthedoorintimeforschool.Weneededafamilytime-out.Itwasawonderfultwo-monthtripinEurope,fullofincrediblemoments.Andwhenwelookbackatourlives,Iknowwe’llbegladwedidit.Iknowwe’llbehappythatthisisachapterofthestoryofourfamily.4.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardthetripwhenplanningit?A.Worried. B.Calm. C.Stressed. D.Eager.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makegoodon”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Change. B.Realize. C.Improve. D.Cancel.6.Whatwastheauthor’smainpurposeoftakingthistrip?A.Toteachherchildrentovaluelife.B.Toallowherchildrentoseetheworld.C.Toenjoyafamilybreakawayfromtheirliferoutine.D.Toenableherchildrentolearnsomethingoutofclass.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheirtwo-monthstayinEurope?A.Tired. B.Satisfied. C.Inspired. D.Disappointed.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫还有三个孩子一起度过了美妙的两个月的欧洲之旅，带着孩子们去环游世界是作者和丈夫一直想要做的事情，对于这次旅行，作者感到很满意。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.(我和丈夫一直梦想着带孩子去环游世界。这是我们一直想有一天做的事情。当我们想象着我俩和孩子们想要拥有的生活时，这是我们详细谈论的事情之一。)可知，计划这次旅行时，作者对旅行充满了渴望，故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“MyhusbandandIalwaysdreamedabouttakingourkidsonatriparoundtheworld.Itwassomethingwealwayswantedtodo“oneday”.Itwasoneofthethingswetalkedatlengthabout,whenweimaginedourlifewiththechildrenwehopedwewouldhave.(我和丈夫一直梦想着带孩子去环游世界。这是我们一直想有一天做的事情。当我们想象着我俩和孩子们想要拥有的生活时，这是我们详细谈论的事情之一。)”可知，作者和丈夫计划和孩子去旅行；根据第四段中的“Itwasaboutexperiencingthedozensofflightsandtrainsandtaxistogether.Weshowedthemhowwonderful,howdiverse,andhowamazingtheworldis.Wewantedthemtolearnallthatwehadlearnedourselves,throughourowntravelsasyoungadults.(它是关于一起经历几十次飞行、火车和出租车的旅行。我们向他们展示了这个世界是多么奇妙、多样和迷人。我们希望他们作为年轻人能从我们自己的旅行中学到一切。)”可知，作者和丈夫计划和孩子“实现”了此前的旅行计划，因此根据第三段的“Fourteenyearslater,wehadthreeboyswhoweregrowingupfasterbytheday.Itwastimetomakegoodon thoseplans.(14年后，我们有了三个男孩，他们一天比一天快。是时候……这些计划了。)”可知，作者的旅行计划到了该去“实现”的时候，故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wewantedtoputthebrakesonourbusylivesforayear,andjustbewithourkids.Wewantedabreakfromthedailymorningroutineofmakinglunches,eatingbreakfastandrushingoutofthedoorintimeforschool.Weneededafamilytime-out.(我们想让忙碌的生活停止一年，只和孩子们在一起。我们想从每天早上做午餐、吃早餐和赶时间出门上学的日常生活中解脱出来。我们全家人需要休息一下。)”可知，作者这次旅行的主要目的是享受家庭生活，从忙碌的生活中解脱出来，故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Itwasawonderfultwo-monthtripinEurope,fullofincrediblemoments.Andwhenwelookbackatourlives,Iknowwe’llbegladwedidit.Iknowwe’llbehappythatthisisachapterofthestoryofourfamily.(这是一次美妙的两个月欧洲之旅，充满了令人难以置信的时刻。当我们回顾我们的生活时，我知道我们会很高兴我们做到了。我知道我们也会很高兴这是我们家庭故事的一章。)”可知，作者对两个月的欧洲旅行感到很满意，故选B项。CRecentvideosclaimingthataschoolinGanzhou,Jiangxi,servespre-mademealstoitsstudentshavecausedheateddiscussionsacrossthecountry.Peopledoubtifpre-mademeals,despitebeingconvenient,arehealthyandnutritiousenoughforgrowingteenagers.Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation.Thereareseveraltypesofpre-madefoods,includingready-to-eatfood,suchascannedfoodorcookedfoodinpackages,andready-to-heatorready-to-cookfood,whichrequiresheatingorcookingbeforebeingserved.Manypeopletendtothinkthatready-to-heatandready-to-cookfoodsarelessnutritiousbecausetheyusuallyneedtobekeptinfreezersorrefrigerators.“Actuallyfreezingdoesnotcausealossofnutrients,”LiuJunya,a33-year-olddietitianinBeijing,toldTeens.“Nutrientlosstypicallyoccursduringtheheatingorfryingprocess.”VitaminsfromtheBgroupandvitaminCfoundinmeatandvegetablesareheat-sensitiveandcanbelostduringtheprocess.Bybeingheatedorcookedtwiceormore,“pre-madefoodscanbelessnutritiousthanfreshlypreparedandcookedfoods,”Liusaid.Meanwhile,“manypre-madefoodcompaniesweightasteovernutrition,”saidLiu.Thisleadstohigherlevelsofsaltandsugarinthefood,whichmayleadtohealthproblems.Additives(添加剂)arealsoamajorconcernrelatedtopre-madefoods.InChina,therearestrictstandardsforfoodadditives.Currently,China’sfoodindustryhaswell-developedtechniquestopreservepre-madefoodswithouttheoveruseofadditives.Somefoodcanbesterilized(消毒)andthensealedaftercooking,followedbylow-temperaturestorage,allowingforalongershelflife.However,it’sessentialthatcustomersbuypre-mademealsfromqualifiedfoodcompaniesorsupermarkets.Itishopedthatregulations(管理)onpre-mademealscanbestrengthenedtobetterensurenutritionandhygiene.“Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic,”Liusaid.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutpre-mademealsfromthepassage?A.Theyareusuallycostlyandtasty.B.Theytastebetterthanhomemadefood.C.Theyarealreadypartlyorfullycooked.D.Theyarehighinsugar,saltandvitamins.9.WhendoesLiuJunyathinknutrientlosstypicallyoccursinpre-madefoods?A.Duringcooking. B.Duringfreezing.C.Duringpackaging. D.Duringsterilizing.10.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestconsumersdoaboutpre-mademeals?A.Keeppre-mademealsfrozen. B.Checkthecookinginstructions.C.Becarefuloftheadditivesused. D.Buyfromreliablefoodsuppliers.11.WhatdoesLiuJunyathinkofpre-mademeals?A.Theyareaconvenientchoiceforall.B.Theyaresuitablefordailyconsumption.C.Theyshoudbeavoidedforlong-termhealth.D.Theycanbemoreacceptedifcontrolledproperly.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了预制餐不为大众所接受的原因并且提出监管得当才能保证其营养健康。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Pre-mademealsrefertohalf-finishedorfinisheddishesthatarealreadycookedorprepared,accordingtotheChinaCuisineAssociation.(根据中国烹饪协会的说法，预制餐是指已经煮熟或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴)”可知，预制餐指的是已经烹饪或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nutrientlosstypicallyoccursduringtheheatingorfryingprocess.(营养损失通常发生在加热或油炸过程中)”可知，营养流失通常发生在烹饪过程中。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“However,it’sessentialthatcustomersbuypre-mademealsfromqualifiedfoodcompaniesorsupermarkets.(然而，消费者必须从合格的食品公司或超市购买预制食品)”可知，消费者应该从可靠的来源购买预制餐。选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Itishopedthatregulationsonpre-mademealscanbestrengthenedtobetterensurenutritionandhygiene.“Thisway,pre-mademealswillbemoreacceptedbythepublic,”Liusaid.(人们希望加强对预制食品的监管，以更好地确保营养和卫生。“这样的话，预制饭菜将更容易被公众接受，”刘说)”可知，如果监管得当，预制饭菜将更容易被公众接受。故选D。DSince2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手术).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.Oneexampleis“keyholesurgery”,whichnormallyrequiressurgeonstostandatawkwardanglesandmakedifficultmovementswiththeirhandstomakeacutinsidethepatient.ButinJune2022,surgeonJamesAnsellused3Dglassesandtwojoysticks(操纵杆)tocontrolfourroboticarmstoperformaproceduretoremoveacanceroustumor(癌症肿瘤).“Mycolleaguesaidthatthisfeelslikecheating,”AnsellsaidtoTheGuardian.Anotherareaofsurgerythathashadmajortechnologicalbreakthroughsinrecentyearsistelesurgery.Telesurgery,orremotesurgery,istheuseoftechnologythatallowsasurgeontoperformaprocedureonapatientnotinthesamephysicallocation.Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionforfearthatawirelessconnectiondropsduringsurgery.ButChinahasmadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-leveleyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity,reportedChinaDaily.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhou,Guangdongprovince,butthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.Lookingtothefuture,peoplehopethatremotesurgerycouldbecomecommontohelphealinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefieldwhilekeepingsurgeonsatasafedistance.Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedaysurpass(超过)humansurgeons.But,inconsiderationofcurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobots,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillhavealongwaytogo.12.Whatdoesthe“keyholesurgery”exampleintendtoshow?A.Thedifficultyofroboticsurgery.B.Theprogressachievedbyrobotictools.C.Theneedforadvanced5Dtechnology.D.Thephysicalchallengessurgeonsface.13.WhatgreatachievementhasChinamadeinthefieldoftelesurgery?A.Achievingremotesurgeryusingawiredconnection.B.Completingremoteeyesurgeryonhumanssuccessfully.C.Doingthefirstwirelessbrainsurgerywith5Gtechnology.D.Conductingthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationonrabbits.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutrobotsinthemedicalfield?A.Theystillneedimproving.B.Theyhavebeenwidelyadopted.C.Theyarecurrentlyingreatdemand.D.Theyhavesurpassedhumancapabilities.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofroboticsurgery.B.China’sachievementsinsurgery.C.Thedevelopmentinmedicalrobotics.D.Theuseof5Gtechnologyinroboticsurgery.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是医疗机器人技术的进步。机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手术).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以来，机器人工具已经彻底改变了手术实践。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。)”可知，第二段“keyholesurgery”是对第一段的举例，即机器人工具带来的进步。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers,reportedCGTN.(据CGTN报道，2019年3月，中国实现了第一次基于5G的远程手术，在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术，距离总计近3000公里。)”可知，中国在远程手术方面实现了第一次基于5G的脑部手术。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But,inconsiderationofcurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobots,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillhavealongwaytogo.(但是，考虑到目前的技术限制和这些机器人的高昂成本，机器人完全接管手术可能还有很长的路要走。)”可知，机器人运用在医学领域的成本很高，由此可推断，他们的发展还有很长的路要走，还需要不断改善。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshavegreatlyaffectedthepracticeofsurgery(外科手术).Theyhavereducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以来，机器人工具已经彻底改变了手术实践。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了医疗机器人技术的进步。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverhadtowaitinlineatastoreandfoundyourselfavoidingeyecontact,whetherwithemployeesorothercustomers?Youmayhopeitiseasiertomeetnewpeopleorfeelateaseataparty.____16____Thisarticlewillshowhowtoreachouttoothersandstartpotentialfriendships.●Stopworryingabouttheoutcome.____17____Butnoteveryconversationwillleadtoanewfriend.Itiscompletelynormaltofeelnervousabouttheideaofstrikingupaconversationwithsomeoneyoudon’tknow.Formanypeople,itcanbedifficulttoovercomethefearofsayingsomethingwrong.Rememberthatrealconversationscanleadtoincreasedself-confidenceandlastingfriendships.●____18____Rememberthatbeingtruetoyourselfismoreimportantthanwhatstrangersthink.Whoyouareisnolessimportantthanwhoanyoneelseis.Everypersonhastheirownstoryandjourney,andyoursisjustasimportantasanyoneelse’s.____19____●Don’tsharetoomuchtooquickly.Itcansometimesbeeasytosharealittletoomuchinformationaboutyourself,especiallyifyouareexcitedoranxiouswhenengagingwithstrangers.____20____Rememberthatyouaresimplystrikingupsmalltalkwithsomeone,nottryingtoturnthemintoyourinstantbestfriends.A.Shareyourimportantstories.B.Thishelpstoadvanceyourfriendship.C.Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.D.Sobeproudofyourselfandbehonestwithyourself.E.Learningtotalktostrangerscanbechallengingbutfun.F.Butoversharinginformationmayleadtoanuncomfortablesituation.G.Aconversationisacommonwaytostartarelationshipwithstrangers.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.D20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何接触他人并发展潜在的友谊。【16题详解】根据空前的“Youmayhopeitiseasiertomeetnewpeopleorfeelateaseataparty.

(您可能希望结识新朋友或在聚会上感到轻松。)”可知，此处提出人们希望轻松结识新朋友或在聚会上感到放松，E选项“Learningtotalktostrangerscanbechallengingbutfun.(学习与陌生人交谈是一项挑战，但也很有趣。)”指出了与陌生人交谈的好处，同时也有难度，该选项中的strangers与空前的newpeople意义相关，下文“Thisarticlewillshowhowtoreachouttoothersandstartpotentialfriendships.(这篇文章将告诉你如何与他人接触并开始潜在的友谊。)”作为过渡句，引出下文具体的战胜挑战的办法，故选E项。【17题详解】根据空后的“Butnoteveryconversationwillleadtoanewfriend.(但并非每次谈话都会带来新朋友。)”可知，空处应该提到conversation一词，G选项“Aconversationisacommonwaytostartarelationshipwithstrangers.(交谈是与陌生人建立关系的一种常见方式。)”肯定了对话对于建立新关系的作用，but表明下文与空处为转折关系，逻辑通顺，即初次谈话也有不成功的时候，故选G项。【18题详解】根据空格所处的位置以及每段标题的句型结构可知，此空应该选择能够作为段落标题的祈使句，根据下文的“Rememberthatbeingtruetoyourselfismoreimportantthanwhatstrangersthink.(请记住，做真实的自己比陌生人的想法更重要。)”可知，不用在意别人的看法，C选项“Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.(不要在意陌生人对你的看法。)”符合要求，并且能够概括段落内容，故选C项。【19题详解】根据空格位于段尾可知，此空处对该段进行总结概括且与主题一致，根据上文中的“Everypersonhastheirownstoryandjourney,andyoursisjustasimportantasanyoneelse’s.(每个人都有自己的故事和历程，而你的故事和历程和其他人一样重要。)”可知，每个人经历不同，且每个人的经历都一样重要，D选项“Sobeproudofyourselfandbehonestaboutyourself.(所以要为自己感到骄傲，对自己要坦诚。)”与上文构成因果关系，逻辑通顺，且与段落主题“Don’tcarewhatstrangersmaythinkofyou.(不要在意陌生人对你的看法。)”一致，故选D项。【20题详解】根据小标题“Don’tsharetoomuchtooquickly(不要太快分享太多)”可知，本段建议人们不要过多分享自己的情况，F选项“Butoversharinginformationmayleadtoanuncomfortablesituation.(但是过度分享信息可能会带来不舒服的情况。)”所述内容与主题吻合，且与空前内容“Itcansometimesbeeasytosharealittletoomuchinformationaboutyourself,especiallyifyouareexcitedoranxiouswhenengagingwithstrangers.(有时候很容易分享太多关于自己的信息，尤其是当你和陌生人交往时感到兴奋或焦虑时。)”为转折关系，下文“Rememberthatyouaresimplystrikingupsmalltalkwithsomeone,nottryingtoturnthemintoyourinstantbestfriends.(记住，你只是在和某人闲聊，而不是试图把他们变成你最好的朋友。)”承接该选项，指出如何回避不舒服情况的产生，故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwas5p.m.atthemarket,theworsttimeofdaytoshop.Iwastheretopickupafew____21____:creamforcoffee,eggsforbreakfastandmedicineformyheadache.I’dbeenrushingalldaydoingjobsforpeople,soIdidnot____22____todoshopping.ButI____23____persuadedmyselfitwasmylaststopbeforegoinghometoputupmyfeet.Afterparkingthecar,I____24____abaginthetrunk(后备箱)andfoundashoppingcart.Themarketwasn’tas____25____asIhadexpected.Itookapackageofflourandsomejuice.That’swhenIsawher.Sheseemedtobe11monthsoldwithblondcurlsandblueeyes,socutethatIwas____26____toher.Then,IdidwhatIalwaysdowithchildren:Igavehermybestsmile.Thatisa____27____Ihavekeptforlong.ItstartedwhenIhadmyfirstchild,inthatunforgettableand____28____moment.Sometimesmysmilewould____29____,butitneverleftmyfaceforlong.I’ve____30____thateveryoneneedsasmilesometimes,youngandold,even____31____likethelittlegirlatthemarket.Ittookherawhiletodecidehowtoreacttomysmile.Then,herface____32____.WhenIwavedgoodbye,sheblewmeakiss.Thatputasmileonmyface.Iwasstillfullof____33____whenIgothomeandrealizedI’dforgottentogetmymedicine.However,Ididn’t____34____it.Myheadachewasgone.Wanttochangetheworld?Trysmiling.Someonewillsmilebackatyou.Iguarantee(保证)it.Ifyou’re___35___enough,maybethey’llevenblowyouakissandmakeyourheadachegoaway.21.A.presents B.essentials C.favorites D.luxuries22.A.agree B.hesitate C.intend D.wait23.A.firmly B.secretly C.ultimately D.gradually24.A.grabbed B.prepared C.selected D.emptied25.A.modern B.special C.convenient D.crowded26.A.attracted B.related C.introduced D.exposed27.A.promise B.habit C.celebration D.routine28.A.terrible B.urgent C.heartbreaking D.life-changing29.A.work B.fade C.return D.stay30.A.learned B.clarified C.predicted D.proved31.A.customers B.employees C.strangers D.witnesses32.A.hidaway B.frozeup C.turnedaway D.lightedup33.A.astonishment B.expectation C.certainty D.joy34A.mention B.need C.resist D.deny35.A.fortunate B.optimistic C.outstanding D.patient【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者用微笑治愈自己头痛的故事，从而建议读者多微笑。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那里买了一些必需品：咖啡奶油、早餐鸡蛋和头痛药。A.presents礼物；B.essentials必需品；C.favorites特别喜爱的人（或物）；D.luxuries奢侈品。由下文“creamforcoffee,eggsforbreakfastandmedicineformyheadache”可知，这些应是生活“必需品”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一整天都在忙着为人们做工作，所以我不打算去购物。A.agree同意；B.hesitate犹豫；C.intend打算；D.wait等待。由上文“I’dbeenrushingalldaydoingjobsforpeople”可知，作者已经忙了一天，很累了，所以不“打算”去购物。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我最终说服自己，这是我回家前的最后一站。A.firmly坚定地；B.secretly秘密地；C.ultimately最终地；D.gradually逐步地。由下文“foundashoppingcart”可知，作者“最终”还是说服自己去购物了。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：停车后，我在后备箱里抓了一个袋子，发现了一辆购物车。A.grabbed抓住；B.prepared准备；C.selected挑选；D.emptied清空。由“abaginthetrunk”以及语境可知，这里指作者从后备箱“抓”起一个袋子。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：超市并没有我预想的那么拥挤。A.modern现代的；B.special特殊的；C.convenient方便的；D.crowded拥挤的。由上文“theworsttimeofdaytoshop”以及语境可知，这里表示超市并不像她原本认为很多人，所以并不“拥挤”。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她看起来11个月大了，金色的卷发和蓝色的眼睛，太可爱了，我被她吸引了。A.attracted吸引；B.related把……联系起来；C.introduced介绍；D.exposed暴露。由上文“socute”以及语境可知，这里表示作者被她“吸引”了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我保持已久的习惯。A.promise承诺；B.habit习惯；C.celebration庆祝；D.routine常规。由下文“Ihavekeptforlong”可知，因为保持了很久，所以微笑也就成为了作者的“习惯”。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它始于我有了第一个孩子，那是一个难忘的、改变人生的时刻。A.terrible糟糕的；B.urgent紧急的；C.heartbreaking令人心碎的；D.life-changing改变人生的。由上文“myfirstchild”以及“unforgettable”可知，拥有孩子是一个难忘的、“改变人生的”时刻。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我的微笑会消失，但它从来没有离开我的脸太久。A.work工作；B.fade逐渐消失；C.return返回；D.stay呆。由下文“butitneverleftmyfaceforlong”中but表转折可知，这里指有时作者的笑容会“消失”的。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认识到，每个人有时都需要微笑，无论老少，甚至像市场上的小女孩这样的陌生人。A.learned认识到；B.clarified澄清；C.predicted预测；D.proved证明。由下文“thateveryoneneedsasmilesometime”可知，这里指作者“认识到”每个人有时都需要微笑。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，每个人有时都需要微笑，无论老少，甚至像市场上的小女孩这样的陌生人。A.customers客户；B.employees员工；C.strangers陌生人；D.witnesses目击者。由下文“likethelittlegirlatthemarket”以及even表递进可知，这里指像市场上的小女孩这样的“陌生人”。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，她的脸上露出喜色。A.hidaway躲藏；B.frozeup冻结；C.turnedaway拒绝……进入；D.lightedup露出喜色。由下文“sheblewmeakiss”可知，小女孩也挺高兴，所