英语选修8阶段综合检测1

阶段综合检测(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)AThelandscapesofNorthAmericaTherearemanybeautifullandscapesthatyoucanseeinNorthAmerica.Someareveryfamousnationalparks.Youcanhike,sightsee,andenjoythelovelyviewthere.TheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkItisnamedforthesmoke­likefogthathangsovertheforestpeaks.Itisverypretty.Oneunique(独一无二的)thingabouttheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkisthatforabouttwoweeksoutoftheyear,therearemillionsofsynchronousfireflies(同步发光的萤火虫)!Peoplecandriveintotheparkandwatchthenaturallightshowthefirefliesmake!Howwonderful!ThePalenqueNationalParkMexicoalsohasmanywonderfulnationalparks.ThePalenqueNationalParkisoneofthemostfamous.ItisaspecialparkbecausetheparkhasanancientMayacity!Youcanhikethroughthecityandseehundredsofbeautifuloldpyramids.TheywerebuiltbyMexico'sMayanNativeAmericans.TheBanffNationalParkIfyoutraveltoCanada，you'llwanttovisittheBanffNationalPark.Therearemanythingstodointhisbigpark.HerepeoplehikethefamousRockyMountains.Inthesummer，peopleexploretheparkonabicycle!Whenyougettiredofhikingorbiking,youcanrelaxinoneofthehotspringsinthepark!TheBigBendNationalParkTheBigBendNationalParkislocatedinSouthwesternTexas.Ithasbothmountainsanddeserts.Howspecial!ItalsosharesaborderwithboththeUnitedStatesandMexico.TheparkiscalledBigBendbecausethereisalargebendintheRioGrandeRiver.Thisbeautifulriverrunsthroughthepark.Afunthingyoucandoatthisparkisgoonaguidedhorsebackrideandcampingtrip.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了北美洲风景壮丽的四个国家公园。1．Whereisagoodplacetoseefireflies?A．TheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.B．ThePalenqueNationalPark.C．TheBigBendNationalPark.D．TheBanffNationalPark.A[细节理解题。根据TheGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark部分中的“therearemillionsofsynchronousfireflies”可知，在美国大雾山国家公园可以看到萤火虫。]2．WhatisthePalenqueNationalParkfamousfor?A．ThesiteofMayacivilization.B．TheRockyMountains.C．Naturalscenery.D．Hotsprings.A[细节理解题。根据ThePalenqueNationalPark部分中“ItisaspecialparkbecausetheparkhasanancientMayacity！”可知，帕伦克国家公园以玛雅文明的遗址而闻名。]3．WhatwastheBigBendNationalParknamedafter?A．ItsborderwiththeUSAandMexico.B．Abigturnintheriver.C．Afamousmountain.D．Itsdeserts'shape.B[细节理解题。根据TheBigBendNationalPark部分中的“TheparkiscalledBigBendbecausethereisalargebendintheRioGrandeRiver.”可知，大拐弯国家公园得名于园内里奥格兰德河的巨大拐弯。]BItookatriptoAntarcticalastyear.FirstIflewfromBuenosAires，Argentina，tothecityofRioGallegosinamilitary(军事的)plane.ThentheplanetookmeandtheotherstoMarambiobase，inAntarcticafromRioGallegos.Duringthefour­hourtripintheHercules，Iwasimpressedbytheicearoundus.AsIsetfootinAntarcticaforthefirsttimeinmylife，arushofgloryranthroughme.Thescientistsonboardtoldmeabouttheozonelayer(臭氧层)andtheBritishexplorerErnestShackelton，thesecondmantosetfootinAntarctica.IwillneverforgetwhatIwastoldabouttheozonelayer.Iwastolditwasgettingthinnerandthinnerbecauseofpollutionandemissiongases，whicheventuallywouldchangetheweatherbalanceinthewholeplanet.Icouldn'thelpfeelingworriedaboutthefutureofhumansafterIheardthat.InEsperanzabasethereareelementaryschoolsforkids.InJubanybaseIsawigloos(拱形圆顶小屋)anditwasinterestingtolearnthatonlyscientistslivedthere.IwasallowedtogetneartheAntarcticanimals.ThepenguinsaremyfavoritebecausetheyarecuteandIlikethewaytheystickouttheirheadsincuriosity，thewaytheywalkandhowtheysurviveinharshtemperatures.Ialsosawelephantseals，whichfromthedistancelookedlikerocks，Iwasalsoamazedatwatchingtheamazinghumpbackwhales(座头鲸)forthefirsttimeinmylife.Aftermynine­daytrip，IboardedtheHerculestogetback.IfeltasifIhadbeenonthistripforeverbecauseIhadlosttrackoftimeandspace.Ialsorealizedthatthishadbeenamagicaltrip.【语篇解读】作者跟随一些科学家去了一趟南极，跟那里的一些动物进行了亲密接触。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“theHercules”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Aship. B．Aplane.C．Abase. D．Acity.B[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“ThentheplanetookmeandtheotherstoMarambiobase”以及“Iwasimpressedbytheicearoundus”可推断，画线部分是作者他们乘坐的飞机。]5．Whatthescientiststoldtheauthorabouttheozonelayerwas．A．interesting B．positiveC．concerning D．uselessC[推理判断题。根据第三段的“Icouldn'thelpfeelingworriedaboutthefutureofhumansafterIheardthat.”可知，作者觉得这些信息很令人担忧。]6．Whatdidtheauthordoafterhe/shesetfootinAntarctica?A．He/Shelivedinanigloo.B．He/Sheobservedsomepenguins.C．He/Shesawsomerocks.D．He/Sheplayedwithanelephantseal.B[细节理解题。根据第四段的“IwasallowedtogetneartheAntarcticanimals.Thepenguinsaremyfavorite”可知，作者在那里观察了一些企鹅。]7．Theauthormostprobablyconsideredhis/hertriptobe．A．disappointing B．relaxingC．boring D．amazingD[推理判断题。根据末段的“Ialsorealizedthatthishadbeenamagicaltrip.”可知，作者认为这次旅行非常令人惊异。]CDoyouliketoeatout？Doyouliketoeatquickly？Doyoulikeexpensivefood?Somepeoplegotofast­foodrestaurantforthesereasons.Inthepast，peopleusuallywenttodiners(路边餐馆)forthesereasons.Infact，manypeopleinthestatesstillgotodinerstodayforthesamereasons.AmannamedWalterScotthadthefirst“diner”in1872.Itwasn'treallyadiner.Itwasonlyafoodcart(手推车)．Peopleonthestreetwalkeduptothecartstobuyfood.Thesecartsservedlatenightmeals.Themealwasasandwichorboiledeggs.In1887，SamuelJonesbuiltthefirstdinerbigenoughtoallowthecustomerstoeinside.However，theydidn'tsitdown，laterpeoplebuiltdinerswithcountersandstools，andpeoplesatdownwhiletheyate.Beforelongmanydinersstayedopenaroundtheclock.Inotherwords，peoplewereabletoeatinadineratanytime.Dinerschangedinotherways，too.Theoriginalmenuofsandwichesandcoffeebecamebigger.Itincludedsoup，favoritedishes，andabreakfastmenu.Inaddition，dinerssoonbecamepermanentbuildings.Theywerenolongercartsonwheels.Dinerstodaylooksimilartothedinersoftheearly1990s.Theyareusuallybuildingswithlargewindows.Inside，thedinershaveshiningcounterswithstools，booth(公用)，andtablesandchairs.Peoplecanhaveallthreemealsinamoderndiner.Today，manypeopleeatinfast­foodrestaurantsuchasMcDonald'sandBurgerKing.However，thedinerremainsanAmericantradition，andthousandsofpeoplestillenjoyeatingthere.Itwaspopularacenturyago，anditisstillpopulartoday.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了路边餐馆的相关情况。8．AmannamedWalterScotthadthefirst“diner”in1872.Whyisdinerinquotationmarks(引号)?A．Becauseitisspelleddifferentlyfrom“diner”．B．Becausethefirstdinerwasnotarealdiner.C．Because“diner”wasanewword.D．Becauseitisaspecialkindofrestaurant.B[细节理解题。从文章第三段第二句话“Itwasn'treallyadiner.”可得到答案。]9．AccordingtoParagraph4，dinerschangedin．A．twoways B．threewaysC．fourways D．fivewaysB[细节理解题。从本段内容可知：路边餐馆从时间(peoplewereabletoeatinadineratanytime)、菜单(Theoriginalmenuofsandwichesandcoffeebecamebigger)、建筑物(dinerssoonbecamepermanentbuildings)三个方面出现了变化。]10．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Dinersexistedbeforefast­foodrestaurant.B．Themenuincludedmorefoodthansandwichesandcoffee.C．BurgerKingisafast­foodrestaurant.D．Sandwichesbecamesmaller.D[推理判断题。从二、三段内容知A项正确；从第四段知B项正确；从末段首句“Today，manypeopleeatinfast­foodrestaurantsuchasMcDonald'sandBurgerKing.”知C项正确；文章中并没有提及三明治大小方面的变化。]11．Themainideaofthepassageisthat．A．dinersarestillpopularplacestoeatintheUnitedStatestodayB．SamuelJonesbuiltthefirstdinerbigenoughtoallowthecustomerstoeinsideC．Americandinersservemanytypesoffood24hoursadaytotheircustomersD．dinersaredifferentfromfast­foodrestaurantinmanywaysA[主旨大意题。从文章的第二段末句“Infact，manypeopleinthestatesstillgotodinerstodayforthesamereasons.”和最后一段末句“Itwaspopularacenturyago，anditisstillpopulartoday.”可以得知答案。]DWhenyou'resurfingtheInternetonyourlaptopfromyourdormorhome，doyouknowyourpersonaldetailsarebeinggatheredsecretly？Andwouldyoubesurprisedtoknowtheinformationmaybesoldcheaplytoadvertisersandmarketers?AccordingtoaninvestigationbyTheWallStreetJournal，allittakesisatinyfileinaputer—asinglecodeconsistingofalongseriesofnumbersandletters—torecordtheputeruser'sage，gender，location，favoritemoviesandhobbies.ThenewspaperreportsthatLotameSolutionsInc.，aNewYorkpany，usessophisticated(高科技)softwarecalleda“beacon”tocapturewhatpeoplearetypingonawebsite.Lotamepackagesthatdataintoprofiles(个人资料)aboutindividuals，onlywithouttheirnames，andsellstheprofilestopaniesseekingcustomers.Batchesofsuchdatamaybesoldforafewdollars.TheWallStreetJournalsurveydiscoveredthatspyingonInternetusersisoneofthefastest­growingbusinessesontheWorldWideWeb.The“cookie”—atinytextfileputonyourPCbywebsitesormarketingfirmswhichmightbeusedtorememberyourpreferencesforonesite，ortotrackyouacrossmanysitesisalreadyoldnews.Therearenewandmoreplextoolssuchas“beacons”whichscaninrealtimewhatpeoplearedoingonawebpage.ThesebeaconsinstantlyassesstheInternetuser'slocation，ine，shoppinginterestsandevenmedicalconditions.MillionsofInternetusersaroundtheworldalsofaceunprecedented(空前的)threats.Private，sensitive，personalandbusinessinformationisbeinggatheredandsoldwithouttheirknowing.paniesinsisttheinformationtheygatherisanonymousandthedataisusedharmlessly.ButthetechnologyhasgrownsopowerfulthatevensomeofthebiggestwebsitesintheUSdon'tknowthattheywereinstallingintrusivefilesonvisitors'puters.TheseincludeMSNandYahoo.Nexttimeyouvisitawebpageandfindanadbanneradvertisingsomethingyou'vebeenplanningtobuy,don'tbeamazedthatyourputercanreadyourmind.【语篇解读】经常上网的人可能都遇到过这样的情况：浏览网页时总是跳出一些广告，内容还都是你最近想买的商品。别误会，你的电脑还没智能到能读懂你的想法，是因为你的个人信息被泄露了！想知道这是怎么一回事吗？12．Thepurposeofthepassageisto．A．introduceatinyfileinaputer—asinglecodeB．showhowyourindividualinformationwasletoutwhenyousurftheInternetC．showhowtoprotectyourprivacyD．introduceasophisticatedsoftwarecalleda“beacon”B[主旨大意题。本文介绍了上网时，你的个人信息被别人收集并且被出售。故选择B项。]13．Itcanbeinferredthat．A．becausethedataisusedharmlessly，theInternetusersaroundtheworldwillnotfacethreatsB．whenapersonsurfstheInternet，hispersonaldetailsmaybeletoutwithouthisknowingC．yourputercanreallyreadyourmindD．MSNandYahoousesoftwaretocapturewhatpeoplearetypingonawebsiteB[推理判断题。根据第一段以及下文可知，当一个人上网时，他的信息有可能在自己不知道的情况下泄露或被别人出售。]14．Accordingtothepassage，“beacon”．A．isatinytextfileputonyourPCbywebsitesB．issoftwarethatcanpackagethatdataintoprofilesaboutindividualsC．canassesstheInternetuser'slocation，ine，shoppinginterestsandevenmedicalconditionsD．isnotmoreplexthanthe“cookie”C[推理判断题。根据第六段中的“ThesebeaconsinstantlyassesstheInternetuser'slocation，ine，shoppinginterestsandevenmedicalconditions.”可知选C。]15．What'sthewriter'sattitudetothisproblem?A．Neutral. B．Worried.C．Optimistic. D．Indifferent.B[观点态度题。根据文章倒数第三段内容可知，作者指出互联网用户面临着空前的威胁。所以，可以推断作者对这个问题非常担心。故选B。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)GetaThoroughUnderstandingofOneselfInallone'slifetime，itisoneselfthatonespendsthemosttimebeingwithordealingwith.16Whenyouaregoingupwardsinlifeyoutendtooverestimate(高估)yourself.Itseemsthateverythingyouseekforiswithinyourreach.17It'slikelythatyouthinkitwiseforyourselftostayawayfromtheouterworld.Actually，togetathoroughunderstandingofoneself，youmayaswellkeepthefollowingtipsinmind.Gainacorrectviewofoneself.Youmaylookforwardhopefullytothefuturebutbesurenottoexpecttoomuch，fordreamscanneverbefullyrealized.Youmaybecourageoustomeetchallengesbutitshouldbecleartoyouwheretodirectyourefforts.18Self­appreciate.Whetheryoupareyourselftoahighmountainorasmallstone，yourepresentastateofnature.19Ifyouearnestly(诚挚地)admireyourselfyou'llhavearealsenseofself­appreciation.20Intimeofanger，doyourselfafavorbyreleasing(释放)itinaquietplacesothatyouwon'tbehurtbyitsflames；intimeofsadness，doyourselfafavorbysharingitwithyourfriendssoastochangeabadmoodintoacheerfulone；intimeoftiredness，doyourselfafavorbygettingagoodsleep.Getafullcontrolofone'slife.Thenonewillfindone'slifefullofcolorandflavor.A．Ithasitsownvalue.B．Dooneselfafavorwhenit'sneeded.C．Doyourselfafavorwhenyouresisttheattackofillness.D．Butitispreciselyoneselfthatonehastheleastunderstandingof.E．Especiallyifitiswellwithinyourreach，youarejusttooblindtoseeit.F．Whenyouaregoingdownhillyoutendtounderestimateyourself.G．Solongasyouhaveaperfectknowledgeofyourself，therewon'tbedifficultiesyoucan'tovere.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者向我们提出了彻底了解自己的几点建议：正确认识自己、欣赏自己、善待自己以及充分把握自己的生命。16．D[本文的标题是“全面了解自己”。上文提到人生在世，和我们相处最久、打交道最多的是我们自己；故D项“但是一个人往往最不了解的恰恰也是自己”与上文话题衔接紧密，也为本文的主旨埋下伏笔。]17．F[上文提到“Whenyouaregoingupwardsinlifeyoutendtooverestimate(高估)yourself.”；故F项“Whenyouaregoingdownhill...”在此处与上文构成对比，符合语境。]18．G[上文提到你可能会勇敢地迎接挑战，但是你必须清楚自己努力的方向；故G项“只要你对自己非常了解，你就没有克服不了的困难”与上文话题衔接紧密，且与本段主旨“正确了解自己”相吻合。]19．A[上文提到无论你把自己比作一座高山还是一块石头，你都代表着自己的一种状态；而A项意为“它都有它自己存在的价值”，放在此处符合语境，与上文话题衔接紧密，且与该段小标题“自我欣赏”相照应。]20．B[分析文章结构可知，空格处为该段小标题。根据下文三个排比句“Intimeofanger，doyourselfafavorby...intimeofsadness，doyourselfafavorby...intimeoftiredness，doyourselfafavor...”并通读该段内容可知，B项“必要时请善待自己”概括了该段大意，适合作该段标题。]Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)ItwasEaster1990，andmyfamilywasonaonce­in­a­lifetimetriptotheSolomonIslandsformysister'swedding.Iwastravelingwithmyhusband，myfour­year­oldsonandmydaughter，whowasnearlytwo.We'dbeen21itwasveryhotintheSolomons，sowe'd22lotsoflightcottonclothesandwerewearingthesameasitwassummer.Theonlyproblemwasthatwehadtocatchanovernightbusthat23atmidnightfortheairportsowecouldmakeourearlymorning24toHoniara.Itwascoldonthebus！MyhusbandandIweresnuggling(依偎)ourchildrenasbestwecould，tryingtokeepthem25．Thebusstoppedmanytimesaspassengersgotonandoff,andwedidn'ttakemuch26.Thelittleoneswere27，unabletosleepforthebitingcold.Thenatonestop，anoldladycameforwardfromthebackofthebusandpausedbyourseat.Isatforwardtoseewhatshewantedandshe28outasmallkneerug(毛毯)．Mylittlegirlreached29foritandpulledittight30her.Theladysaidshe'dmadetherugherselfand，seeingthatwewerecold，shewantedustouseit.Aftershewentbacktoherseat,ournow­warmchildren31off，andtheysleptsnuglyallthewaytotheairport.Justastoportwo32wearrived，therugladymadeherwaytothedoortogetoff.Itriedto33thechildrentoreturnherblanket，butsheprotested.“No，”shesaid，“34it.Icanalwaysmakeanotherone！”Overtheyears，thatlittleblanketbecamea35tomeandtomychildrenofthekindnessofstrangers.Itoldthestorytothechildrenoverandoverandhungtherugontheendofmydaughter'sbedsowewouldseeitoften.Thatrugwashandmadewiththecolourscarefullychosen.Yetitsmaker36withittokeepmyfamilywarmforanight.Ifeverpeoplewerebador37，itservedasa38thatthereisgoodnessintheworld.Iamforever39，notjustforthewarmththatnight，butforthelifelongreminderofthe40ofpeople.Thatblankethaswarmedmylife.【语篇解读】作者出行参加婚礼，得到别人无私的馈赠，被他人的善良所感动。21．A.confirmedB．toldC．advised D．persuadedB[我们被告知所罗门地区非常热。根据下文一家人所做的准备，得出B选项。]22．A.offered B．piledC．packed D．discoveredC[此处是出行前的打包收拾。故选C。]23．A.left B．wentC．pulled D．droveA[出发去某地用leave...for...。故选A。]24．A.train B．tripC．ride D．flightD[根据前面的airport可知为了赶上早班机。故选D。]25．Afortable B．warmC．calm D．quietB[因为公共汽车上很冷，所以我们相互依偎，为了使孩子们暖和。故选B。]26．A.care B．noticeC．action D．attentionB[takemuchnotice多加关注。因为太冷，所以没有太注意。故选B。]27．A.naughty B．noisyC．restless D．energeticC[因为太冷了，所以小孩子们是难以入睡的。故选C。]28．A.showed B．madeC．put D．heldD[holdout拿出。那位女士拿出一张毛毯。故选D。]29．A.silently B．eagerlyC．patiently D．bravelyB[因为太冷了，所以看到有人给毛毯，就很渴望地接过来。故选B。]30．A.around B．onC．over D．towardsA[此处指女儿用毯子把自己裹起来。故选A。]31．A.slept B．wentC．nodded D．shookB[因为暖和了，所以孩子们就睡着了。gooff有“入睡，睡着”之意。故选B。]32．A.after B．untilC．as D．beforeD[在我们到达之前的一站或两站，故用before。]33．A.unload B．unwrapC．unfold D．unpackB[因为想还毛毯，毛毯又裹在孩子身上，所以试图把毛毯从孩子身上解下来。故选B。]34．A.keep B．possessC．return D．bringA[留着用吧，我可以再做一条。故用keep。]35．A.sign B．markC．symbol D．decorationC[asymbolof……的象征。那条小毛毯成了陌生人善意的象征。故选C。]36．A.remained B．partedC．deserted D．handedB[partwithsth.舍弃，与……分开。故选B。]37．A.cruel B．sensitiveC．cautious D．uglyA[badorcruel邪恶或残忍，为同义词。故选A。]38．A.story B．giftC．reminder D．rewardC[即使人们曾经邪恶或残忍，这个毛毯可以提醒我们人间自有善良存在。此处用“提醒”的名词形式reminder。下文中的lifelongreminder也是提示。故选C。]39．A.delighted B．pitifulC．excited D．gratefulD[“我”永远心存感激，不仅感激那一晚的温暖，也感激对人类善良的一生的提醒。故选D。]40．A.goodness B．warmthC．wele D．helpA[根据上文的“thereisgoodnessintheworld”选出A项。]Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Schoolisveryimportant.Missingschoolmeansthatyouaremissingout41.importantstageofyourlife.Glancethroughthefollowinglinestoknowtheimportanceofschool.Knowledgeispower.Schoolisthebasicfoundationofknowledge42.willbetaughttopeople.Inaddition,schoolgivesyouachance43.(acquire)knowledgeinvariousfieldsofeducation.Youcancalculateyourtaxes44.(easy)ifyoulearnmathematics.Also,withabundantknowledge,youcanattractattentionatagatheringbytakinganactivepartina45.(discuss)．Allowyoutosocialize.Attendingschoolhelpsyoumeetnewchildrenofyourage.Thus,46.youwanttohaveagoodsociallife,itisbesttoattendschool.Otherwise,youmightendup47.(lead)alonelylife.Getyouinvolved.Unlessyou48.(occupy)withvarioustasks,lifecanbereallyboring.Isn'titbettertoattendschoolratherthansittingidletheentireday?Notonlywillithelpyoulearnmanyuseful49.(skill),itwillalsokeepyouactive.Thoughyoumightenjoystayingunoccupiedforthefirstfewdaysoramonth,aftersometime,youwillgettiresome.Therefore,attendschoolandbeeahappyand50.(success)person.【语篇解读】知识就是力量。本文讲述了教育的重要性。41．an[考查冠词。stage是第一次提到的单数可数名词，且前有以元音音节开头的important修饰，故要用an修饰，表泛指。]42．that/which[考查定语从句。先行词为knowledge，故用that/which引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语。]43．toacquire[考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作后置定语。]44．easily[考查副词。修饰动词calculate要用副词形式。]45．discussion[考查名词。根据语境可知句意为：有了丰富的知识，在聚会讨论时，你能吸引更多的注意力。]46．if[考查连词。if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果……”。]47．leading[考查非谓语动词。endupdoingsth.意为“以做某事结束”。]48．areoccupied[考查时态和语态。这是讲的客观事实，且you与occupy之间是被动关系，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。]49．skills[考查名词复数。根据空前的many可知此处要用skill的复数形式skills。]50．successf