2024年合肥市高三一模英语试题（含答案）

年合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测英语(考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，务必将自己的姓名和座位号填写在答题卡和试卷上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，务必擦净后再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Howwillthewomangototheairport?A.Bybus. B.Bysubway. C.Bytaxi.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Fellowworkers.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toconfirmaplan.B.Topostponeameeting.C.Torescheduleareservation.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant. B.Athome. C.Onthestreet.Whyisthewomanintheoffice?A.Topreparedocuments.B.Towaitforacolleague.C.Tomeetadeadline.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatisthemandoing?A.Recommendingasuitcase.B.Inquiringabouthisluggage.C.Confirminghisflightnumber.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthesuitcase?A.Ithasrecognizablefeatures.B.Ithasbeentakenbymistake.C.Itishisdaughter’sspecialtoy.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Tripplans. B.Flatdecorations. C.Partypreparations.Whowillprobablygettheballoons?A.Mary. B.Wilson. C.Jack.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingattheendoftheconversation?A.AskingRichardforhelp.B.Gettingthemed-relateddecorations.C.Makingpostersforoceanprotection.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。WhatdoesthemandislikeaboutthepurpleT-shirt?A.Thepatternonit. B.Itscolor. C.Itsmaterial.Whatdoesthemanbuyforhisdaughter?A.Jeans. B.Adress. C.AT-shirt.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$50. B.$75 C.$100.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。Whatdoesthemando?A.Awriter. B.Ateacher. C.Aphotographer.Whydocsthewomansuggestthemantakeatrip?A.TotakephotosB.TomeetpeopleC.TorelievepressureHowwillthecoupledecidewheretogo?A.Bysearchingonline.B.Byconsultingafriend.C.Byturningtotheirson.WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A.Eatout.B.DothepackingC.Goshopping听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。Whatdoweknowaboutthequarter-mileroad?A.Itcanprovidewirelesschargingservice.B.Itcanincreasetheefficiencyofvehicles.C.Itisspeciallydesignedtoproducepower.HowdoesStefanTongurfeelabouttheproject?A.Itisverypopularandwidelyused.B.Itissafeandenvironment-friendly.C.Itissustainableandenergy-efficient.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Awirelesssmartroad.B.Anewelectricvehicle.C.Aroadsecuritysystem第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHongKonghasthelargestcollectionofhigh-risebuildingsonEarth,manyofwhichhavebeendesignedbyworld-famousarchitects.HSBCHeadquartersBuildingIn1979,theHongKongandShanghaiBankingCorporation(HSBC)launchedaninternationaldesigncompetitionforitsnewheadquarters.Foster+Partners,headedbyarchitectSirNormanFoster,wonthecompetitionwithanout-of-the-boxidea.Withabudgetofroughly$667millionintheday’scurrency,theBritishvisionaryhadthemodular(模块化的)piecesconstructedintheUS,JapanandtheUKbeforeshippingthemtoHongKongforassembly(组装).TheHendersonZahaHadidArchitects(ZHA)hasrevealedplanstoreplaceamulti-storycarparkinHongKong’scentralbusinessdistrictwithanew623-foottower.LikesomanyofZHA’svisionaryprojects,theofficetower,completedin2023,integratestechnologywithnaturalenvironments.Forinstance,thereisaskygardenwhichisanoutdoorrecreationalspacewitharunningtrackandaplantingnetworkthatactsasaneffectivebiologicalair-purifyingfilterbyconsumingpollutants.TwoInternationalFinanceCentreOnaclearday,youcanseestraightacrossHongKongfromtheofficesinTwoInternationalFinanceCenter(2IFC),completedin2003.DesignedbythelateCesarPelli,the1,352-foottowerwasthetallestinthecityuponitscompletion.Ittransformedtheskylinewhenitopenedwithitsbreathtakingheightandtapered(锥形的)shape,symbolizingHongKong’srise.BankofChinaTowerThe1,205-foottower,completedin1990,brokerecordsatthetimeandbecameaninstantlandmarkasthefirsttowerover985feetoutsideNorthAmerica.Avisionofurbanenergy,expansionandgeometry,theBankofChinaTower(BOCTower)wasdesignedtoresembleabambooshoot,symbolizingstrength,vitalityandChina’semergenceasasignificantplayerininternationalfinance.WhatisspecialabouttheHSBCHeadquartersBuilding?A.Itwasdesignedbyseveralarchitectteams.B.Itwasfundedbycountriesacrosstheworld.C.Itsstylewasconsideredtobethemostcreative.D.Itsdesignwasawinningworkofacompetition.Whichbuildingcombinestechnologywithnature?A.HSBCHeadquartersBuilding.B.TheHenderson.C.TwoInternationalFinanceCentre.D.BankofChinaTower.WhatdotheBOCTowerand2IFChaveincommon?A.Theyareknownforbeingeco-friendly.B.Theywerecompletedinthesamecentury.C.TheyusedtobethetallestinHongKong.D.Theyweredesignedbythesamearchitect.BIninternships(实习期)andjobsthatI,nowacareerwoman,haveeverhad,I’vewatchedprofessionals,experiencedandbrand-newalike,conductinterviewsorpresentinmeetingsandmanyofthemappearunpreparedandlackconfidence.Ithinktheywouldallbenefitfromanactingclass.Acentraltechniqueanactingclasscanequipyouwithisimprovisation(即兴表演).Essentially,skillssuchastheimprovisationprincipleof“Yes,and…”arebeneficialforthinkingonyourfeet.Whensomeonesuggestsanewidea,yousay“yes”andrunwiththesuggestion.Aprofessionalfamiliarwiththistechniquecanentertainandvaluethecontributionsofothers,promotingafree-flowingexchangeofideas,whichinspiresapositive,creativespiritthatthecorporateworldlongsfor.Bothcollegestudentsandprofessionalsmightbenefitfromthevoiceandmovementtraining.Iusedtobeafraidofthevoiceandmovementpartofactingclass.Myactingteacherwouldmakeusdopush-upsandyoga.Then,we’dstandupandmoan(呻吟)withvaryingdegreesofvoices.Ihatedthis,andlotsofotherpeopledo,too.Buttheproductofthistrainingisanindividualwhostandstallandspeaksclearlyandloudly.Plus,Istillusethestretchesandwarm-upsfromclasstocalmmynervesbeforepresentations.Asanactor,youareastudentofhumanbehavior.Withthat,whenyoureceiveatext,youexploreyourcharacter.Forexample,ifyou’replayingavillain(反派角色),youhavetoapproachyourcharacterfromwhereitstands.Suchanoutlookmakesforawonderfulleader,onethatunderstandscoworkers’situationsandtreatsthemwithpolitenessandunderstanding.I’vebornecountless“Whatareyougoingtodowithatheaterdegree?”speechesfromfamilyandfriends.Butultimately,thesesoftskillsareincrediblyvaluableforyoungprofessionals.Actingtrainingwillsetyouapartfromthepack.Whateffectdoestheprincipleof“Yes,and…”haveonprofessionalsfollowingit?A.Itgeneratespositivesuggestions.B.Itbringsaboutsmoothinteraction.C.Itoffersthemgoodentertainmentvalue.D.Ithelpsthemrecognizetheirowncontribution.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperienceinparagraph3?A.Sheisstillverynervousofheractingteacher.B.Sheisaddictedtoworkingonherphysicalfitness.C.Thetraininghasmadeherbraverandmorepatient.D.Thetraininghasenhancedherpresentationabilities.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningexploringcharacters?A.Itisabigchallengeformostofthestudentactors.B.Itmakesthestudyofhumanbehaviormucheasier.C.Itcanhelppeopletoputthemselvesinothers’shoes.D.Itmayimprovetherelationshipbetweencoworkers.Whatdoestheauthoradviseyoungprofessionalstodo?A.Takeanactingclass.B.PursueactingcareersC.Obtainhigherdegrees.D.Consultfamilyandfriends.CHighintheSwissAlpsandtheArctic,scientistshavediscoveredmicrobes(微生物)thatcandigestplastics—importantly,withouttheneedtoapplyextraheat.Theirfindings,publishedinthejournalFrontiersinMicrobiology,couldonedayimproveplasticrecycling.It’snosecretthatplasticpollutionisstillabig,globalissue.SinceitsproductionexplodedduringandafterWorldWarII,humanshavecreatedmorethan9.1billiontonsofplastic—andresearchersestimatethatlessthanonetenthoftheresultingwastehasbeenrecycled.Tomakemattersworse,themostcommonrecyclingoption—whenplasticiswashed,processedandturnedintonewproducts—doesn’tactuallyreducewaste:Therecycledmaterialsareoftenoflowerqualityandmightlaterendupinalandfillallthesame.So,researchersarelookingforsolutionstotheplasticsproblemthatgobeyondconventionalrecycling—andoneprocessthey’veexperimentedwithisbreakingdownplasticsusingmicrobes.Buttheknownplastic-digestingmicrobescanonlydosoatwarmtemperaturesabove85degreesFahrenheit.Whendoneatanindustrialscale,theamountofenergyneededtogeneratethatmuchheatmakestheprocessgiveoffmorecarbon—andcostmoremoney.ButthemicrobesfoundintheArcticandSwissAlpscanfunctionatcoolertemperatures:Theywereabletobreakdownbiodegradable(可生物降解的)plasticsat59degreesFahrenheit.Inthenewstudy,co-authorJoelRüthiandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatofthetotal34typesofmicrobesexamined,19weresuccessfullyabletobreakdownaformofplasticcalledpolyester-polyurethane,and17couldbreakdowntwotypesofbiodegradableplasticmixtures.Unfortunately,theplasticsthatthemicrobespartiallydegradedrepresenta“reallysmallamountofplasticsincirculation,”saidGavinLear,anenvironmentalmicrobiologist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Learacknowledgedthatusingnaturalmicrobescanprovideaheadstartwhenitcomestodesigningastrategyforbio-recycling.Ifwemoveawayfromtheconventionalnon-biodegradablematerials,“andwestarttousemoreofthesebiodegradableplastics,thenit’sgoodthatweknowhowtodegradethemmorequicklysothey’relessofanenvironmentalproblem,”heconcluded.Whatdoweknowabouttheconventionalrecycling?A.Itdoesnotliveuptoexpectations.B.Itcontributestomorewaste.C.Itisnotaspopularasbefore.D.Itensuresnewproductquality.Whichbestdescribesthemethodofusingthemicrobesinthepreviousstudies?A.Impractical. B.Pioneering. C.Reliable. D.Invaluable.Whyisthenewstudymentionedinparagraph4?A.Toprovethemicrobeshaveanobvioustastepreference.B.Toshowthefindingopensdoorstoamoreefficientsystem.C.Toclarifyhowtheprocessofbreakingdownplasticsworks.D.Toexplainwhybio-recyclingisbetterthanconventionalrecycling.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“headstart”inparagraph5mean?A.Reward. B.Criterion. C.Protection. D.Advantage.DApairofresearcherswithLeibnizUniversityofHannoverhasdemonstratedthemeansbywhichrobotsmightbeprogrammedtoexperiencesomethingsimilartopaininanimals.Aspartoftheirdemonstrationatlastweek’sIEEEInternationalConferenceonRoboticsandAutomationheldinStockholm,JohannesKuehnandSamiHaddaddinshowedhowpainmightbeusedinrobots,byinteractingwithaBioTacfingertipsensorontheendofaKukaroboticarmthathadbeenprogrammedtoreactdifferentlytodifferingamountsofpain.Theideaofdevelopinganartificialrobotnervoussystemmayseemcontrarytoallexpectations,butKuehnsaysdoingsoisimportantinthesamewaythatitisgoodforhumanstofeelpain.“Painisasystemthatprotectsus,”saysKuchn.“Whenweavoidthesourceofpain,ithelpsusnotgethurt.“Sowhenrobotscanfeelandreacttopain,theywillbecomesmartenoughtoavoidit.Themoredangeroustherobotregistersthethreattobe,thefasteritwillwithdrawandavoidhesourceofdanger.Additionally,KuehnandHaddadinsayhumansworkingalongsiderobotsthatfeelpain,especiallythoseinheavymachinery,willbeprotectedaroundthem.Theyhavetestedoutsomeoftheirideasusingaroboticarmwithafingertipsensorthatcandetectpressureandtemperature.Itusesarobot-tissuepatch(小片)modeledonhumanskintodecidehowmuchpainshouldbefeltandthuswhatactiontotake.Forexample,ifthearmfeelslightpain,itslowlywithdrawsuntilthepainstops,andthenreturnstoitsoriginaltask;severepain,meanwhile,causesthearmtogointoakindoflockdownmodeuntilitcangethelpfromahumanoperator.Suchrobotsarelikelytoraiseahostofquestions,ofcourse,iftheybecomemorecommon——ifarobotactsthesamewayahumandoeswhentouchingahotplate,arewetobelieveitistrulyexperiencingpain?Onlytimewilltellofcourse,butonethingthatisevident,KuehnandHaddadin’sworkcouldleadtorobotsthataremorehuman-likethanever.Whatdowelearnabouttherobotsinthedemonstration?A.Theycanlearnskillslikeanimals.B.Theycancommunicatewithpeople.C.Theyhavetheabilitytofeelpain.D.Theyresponddifferentlytorequests.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thesignificanceofteachingrobotstofeelpain.B.Theprincipleofrobots’avoidanceofinjuries.C.Theanalysisoftheartificialrobotnervoussystem.D.Thevalueofprotectinghumanworkersfrominjury.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph3?A.Therobotissmartenoughtocarryoutdifferenttasks.B.Therobotcanhardlyworkaswellasahumanoperator.C.Therobotcanreactdifferentlybasedondegreesofpain.D.Therobotistolerantofchangesofpressureandtemperature.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardKuehnandHaddadin’sstudy?A.Dismissive. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Optimistic第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分；满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Herearesomestrategicstohelpyoumanageapersonalsetback(挫折)andgetbackontracktowardachievingyourgoal.●Realizeit’snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It’snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur.36Knowingthis,it’simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.●Don’tdenyit.Sometimesit’shardtorecognizeasetback.Theproblemcanbestaringyourightintheface,butyoumaydenythere’sanycauseforalarm.37Thisinabilitytoacknowledgetheproblemdoesn’tmeanyou’restupid.It’sjustthatdenialcancloudyourawarenessoftheissue.It’simportanttobereceptivetothehonestfeedback.38Stopandconsidercarefullywhatwentwrong.Themostcommoncausesofasetbackarepersonalworries,overconfidence,andpoorcopingskills.Takealookatanyfactorthatmayhavecontributedtothesetback:whereyouwere,whoyouwerewith,whatyouwerethinkingandfeeling.●Learnfromit.Learnfromyouranalysisofthesetback,andadjustyourplantotrytopreventsimilarthingsfromhappeningthenexttime.Eachtimeyoufine-tuneyourplanandputitintoactionagain,youactuallyimproveyouroddsofeventualsuccess.39Remindyourselfthatyoursetbackisaslipinsteadofafall.40Afteradjusting,youcanstillmakeprogresstowardsuccessagain.A.Don’ttakeitseriously.B.Analyzewhathappened.C.Youhaven’tlostalloftheknowledge,skills,andsupport.D.Inotherwords,it’snotwhetherachallengewillhappen,butit’swhen.E.Thisisbecauseyoulearnfromeachmissteptomakeyourplanmoreeffective,F.Friendsorfamilywillvoicetheirconcerns,butyoustillmaynotbeabletoacceptit.G.Youmightevenwriteaboutpastexperiencesinajournaltoguideyourfuturebehavior.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AbigailAdjiritookpartinacompetitionforkidsaged7through12.She,atonly,hastakenGhanaby__41__,winningoverviewerswithherimpressivedancemoves.It’snot__42__formostpeopletobecomeskilleddancers,especiallyforlittleAbigailwhois__43__.Abigailhasbeentrainedto__44__thevibrations(震动)shefeelswithherfeet,__45__listeningtothebeatofsongs.Herprecisecalculationshaveallowedherto__46__impressivemoves.Still,Abigail’sMomwas__47__aboutthefactthattheirgoalwastogetthe7-year-oldahearingaid—buttheyneeded__48__.Theymadethisknownon“OnuaShowtimewithNanaAmaMeBrown”,atalkshowinGhana.AwomannamedJoyce,whoheardlittleAbigail’sstory,was__49__tocometoherassistance.AfterreachingouttoMcBrown,shewasableto__50__$5,000forthehearingaidand$400forinsurancesothatitcanbereplacedor__51__.ifneeded.Asyoucanimagine,AbigailandherMomwere__52__.Infact,thetwoofthemreturnedtoMcBrown’sshowwherethe7-year-oldhappilyshowedoffhernew__53__,withthehelpofwhichlittleAbigailansweredquestionsfromtheMeBrown.ThepurejoyonAbigail’sfaceisabsolutely__54__.FolkslikeJoycetrulyserveasa__55__thatthereismoregoodintheworldthanwerealizeattimes.A.name B.reputation C.design D.stormA.fair B.easy C.surprising D.secretA.one-armed B.bow-legged C.deaf D.blindA.resist B.interrupt C.adjust D.matchA.ratherthan B.thanksto C.lessof D.apartfromA.pulloff B.slowdown C.lookinto D.refertoA.curious B.hesitant C.nervous D.frankA.trust B.luck C.help D.courageA.moved B.surprised C.grateful D.braveA.save B.donate C.invest D.makeA.repaired B.damaged C.abandoned D.sharedA.onthego B.overthemoon C.underacloud D.atalossA.dance B.song C.award D.deviceA.awkward B.pointless C.priceless D.beneficialA.solution B.reminder C.warn D.discovery第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThereisaChinesestoryofanoldmaninhis90sworkingwithhisfamilytoremovemountainstoconnecttheoutsideworld56others’doubts.ThestoryhasinspiredtheChinesetouniteandovercomedifficultywith57(determine)andhardwork.ThestorybecamearealityinLinCounty,HenanProvinceinthe1960s.A1,500-kilometer-longwaterwayalongthecliffs(悬崖)oftheTaihangMountains58(build)bythelocalpeoplewithin10years,bringingpreciouswaterfromtheZhangheRiverintheborderingShanxiProvincetothedrought-hitarea.Initially,findingdrinkingwaterwas59headacheforresidents:Peoplehadtofetchwaterfromfivekilometersawayeveryday.60(ease)thisarea’swatershortages,thelocalgovernmentdecidedtoconstructacanalacrossthemountains,61constructionwasaremarkableengineeringachievement.Peopletiedropesaroundtheirwaistsand62(hang)offcliffs,drillingholesinrock,andthendugcanalswithsimpletools.FromFebruary1960toJuly1969,theyleveled1,250mountaintopsanddug211tunnels(隧道),63(remove)22.25millioncubicmetersofearthandrocks.Theireffortsgainedmultiple64(benefit).Itwasthecanalthat65(dramatic)changedthelifeofthelocalpeople,irrigating(灌溉)36,000hectaresoflandandsolvingwatersupplydifficultiestosome567,000people.Theirdeedshavebeenhailed(称颂)asthe“spiritoftheRedFlagCanal.”第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你从网上得知联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)将在你的家乡举办“一带一路”(theBeltandRoadInitiative)茶文化交流活动。请你写一封英文信申请做志愿者。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.对活动的认识；3.个人优势注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearSirorMadam,Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Catherinehadstayedathomeallherlifetolookafterherthreechildren,butnow,she,wholostherhusbandinacaraccident,hadtostepoutandearnmoneytomakeendsmeet.Withzeroworkexperienceandnoprofessionaldegree,herchancesofgettinghiredforawell-paidjobwerenexttozero.Oneday,afterdroppingherchildrenatschool,Catherinespottedaconstructionsite.“IthinkIcanworkhere,”shethoughtandapproachedthemanager.“Hi,areyouhiring?”sheasked.“Yes,weare,”themanagerlookedatCatherinefromheadtotoe.“Areyousureyoucanworkhere?Thisjobrequiresalotofhardwork.”“I’mreadyforit,”shetoldthemanagerandsignedacontracttoworka12-hourshift.However,Catherinekepthernewjobasecretfromherchildren.Shethoughttheywouldfeelembarrassedafterlearningtheirmotherworkedataconstructionsite.Everymorning,afterdroppingherchildrentoschool,shewouldgototheconstructionsiteandworkuntilhershiftended.Shewouldpickupheavybricksonhershouldertotransportthemfromonepartofthesitetotheother.Oneevening,Catherine’sson,Peter,toldheraboutanupcomingcontestinschoolthatrequiredmotherstoparticipate.Inthecompetition,studentswillwearblindfoldsandhavetorecognizetheirmotherswithoutlookingatthem.“Thatsoundslikesuchacoolevent,Peter!”Catherinesaidexcitedly.“Ican’twaitforit!”“Iwon’tgotherewithyou,mom,”Peterreplied.“Butwhy?”WhathersonsaidnextwassomethingCatherinewasn’tpreparedtohear.“Mom,Iwouldhavetotouchyourhandstorecognizeyou,andeveryonewouldlookatthem,”Peterexplained.“Yourhandsaresougly.They’resohardandrough,”headded.“Iwillfeelsoembarrassedwhenmyclassmateslook