新教材英语学案Unit3第一课时StartingoutUnderstandingideas

Unit3TheworldofscienceWhatistheimageofatypicalfemalescientist?Perhapsyouimagineapairofthickglasses,messyhairandafewwrinklesontheforehead?Withherhigh­heeledshoesandgracefulposture,YanNingmaybreakthatstereotype.Called“thegoddessscientist”，Yan,42,isaleadingbiologyresearcheratPrincetonUniversityintheUS.OnApril30,shewasincludedamong100newmembersand25foreignassociatesintoTheNationalAcademyofSciences,afamousscientificinstitutionthataimstorecognizeoutstandingresearchintheUS.YoumaynotknowYan'scontributiontobiology,butsheisarisingstarinthescienceworldandherresumeisimpressive.AftergraduatingfromTsinghuaUniversityandPrinceton,shewasinvitedtosetupherownlaboratoryatTsinghuain2007.Atage30,shebecameoneofChina'syoungest­everfemaleprofessors.Itwasalongroadtogetwheresheisnow.Shealwaysbelievesthatscientistsneedtohaveapuremindandperseverance.Yanlikestoworkatnight.Shesaysit'sbecauseshecanfocuswhentheoutsideisquiet.Shealsoworksatleast14hoursaday,butshe'senergetic,becauseresearchisthemost“fortable”jobforher.ThisdevotiontoherworkprobablyhelpedYaninherresearchtoidentifythestructuresofproteinsincells'plasmamembranes,whichpuzzledscientistsforhalfacentury.HerachievementsgotherlistedamongthejournalNature'sScienceStarsofChinain2016.Assherealizesherowndreams,Yantriestoencouragemorewomentopursuecareersinscience.Inhereyes,thereisnodifferencebetweenmenandwomeninthescientificfields.“Womencanworkasexcellentlyasmenandlivethewaytheychooseto，”shesaidinapublicinterview.开启快乐学习之旅[知识点击]1．wrinklen.皱纹2．stereotypen.刻板印象3．associaten.院士4．resumen.简历5．perseverancen.毅力6．proteinn.蛋白质7．cells'plasmamembranes细胞质膜模块核心素养导航第一课时Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.词汇初探1．pressv.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻→pressuren.压力2．shootvt.射出；放射→shot过去式/过去分词→shootingn.枪击；枪杀3．virtualadj.虚拟的4．flexibleadj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexiblyadv.灵活地5．capableadj.有能力的→capabilityn.能力，才能6．desiren.渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要→desirableadj.值得做的；满足需要的；可取的7．stuffn.东西；物品Ⅱ.短语互译1．除此之外；另外in_addition2．多亏；由于thanks_to3．就……而言in_terms_of4．而且what's_more5．workas充当6．startwith以……开始7．leadto导致8．byoneself独自Ⅲ.经典句式1．Andnow,wefind_ourselves_inthegreatnewageoftechnology.(P26)现在，我们发现自己身处伟大的科技新时代。2．ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces,withputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”．(P27)它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。3．Sowhatis_it_thatinspiresustoinventthings？(P27)那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？4．Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.(P27)但仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。Ⅳ.语篇理解StepⅠ.ReadthetextonPage26—27andchoosethebestanswers.1．Accordingtothetext，whichstatementistrue?A．Thepresentdayisanewageforinventions.B．Thegreatageofinventionisover.C．ThegoldenagesofinventiononlyexistedinAncientChina.D．Allthenewgreatinventionsaretech­based.答案：A2．Thefollowingnewgreatinventionsaretech­basedexcept________.A．advancesinvirtualrealityB．wearabletechC．theflexiblebatteryD．pass答案：D3．Manygreatnewinventionsmentionedinthepassagedon'tinclude________.A．3Dprinters B．GPStechnologyC．atimemachine D．solartechnology答案：C4．WhatinspiresinventorstoinventthingsaccordingtoRichard?A．Toearnwealth.B．Anincredibledesiretothinkandcreate.C．Toearnworldwidefame.D．Tobeaninventor.答案：B5．What'sRichard'sattitudetowardsatimemachine?A．Negative. B．Positive.C．Indifferent. D．Impossible.答案：BStepⅡ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.DrRichardFairhurstisaninventor__1__newbookhasjustbeenpublished.Hetalksabouthisopinionsaboutthenewageofinventionsintheinterview.Inthepast,therewerefourgreatinventionsinancientChinaandgreatinventionsinthewest，andthey__2__(change)theworldforever.Nowwefind__3__(we)inthegreatnewageoftechnology.Forexample，advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech，aswellastheflexiblebattery，meanweshouldsoonbeseeing__4__(far)developments.Newinventions__5__3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Intermsoftheenvironment，it'snowpossibletocreate__6__intelligentwalkinghouse.Thereasonsbehindmostinventionsstartwith__7__(recognise)aproblemthatneedsa__8__(solve),__9__laterledtomoreadvancesinthetechnology.But__10__remainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.1．whose2.changed3.ourselves4.further5.like6．an7.recognising8.solution9.which10.what1eq\a\vs4\al(pressv.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻)[教材原句]PresentlyIamgoingtopressthelever,andoffthemachinewillgo.(P25)现在我要按一下操纵杆，机器就开动了。①Jackpressedabuttonandthedoorclosed.杰克按了一个按钮，门就关上了。[归纳拓展](1)press...against使……贴着……pressdown把……按下去presssth.onsb.把(想法等)强加于……presssb.forsth./todosth.催促某人(做)某事(2)pressuren.压力；压迫putpressureon给……施压underpressure/stress面临压力；受到压力[名师点津](1)press表示“新闻界、报界”时，其前通常要用定冠词；用作主语时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。(2)表示按开关或按电钮时，press与push用法相同，常可互换。但是注意，两者习惯上均不能用于按铃，此时要用动词ring。[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Withoneproblempressingonhismind,hefeltstressed(stress)．③Youneedtobeabletoworkaccuratelyunderpressure.④Shepressedhergueststo_stayalittlelonger.她力劝客人们多待一会儿。[熟词生义]Thepresswasnotallowedtoattendthetrail.(n.新闻界，出版社)2eq\a\vs4\al(shootvt.射杀；射中；拍摄vi.射击)[教材原句]Afaintbluelightshotacrossit，darkeningtopurple,andpresentlyshecouldseetheimageofherson,wholivedontheothersideoftheearth，andhecouldseeher.(P25)一道微弱的蓝光射过它，暗到紫色，不一会儿她就看见了她儿子的影像，他住在地球的另一边，而且他也看见了她。①Heshotatabear,buthedidn'tshootit.他向一只熊射击，但没有射中。[归纳拓展]shootat朝……射击(只表动作，不表结果)[名师点津]shoot的过去式、过去分词都是shot。shoot侧重用枪把某人打死或打伤，强调结果shootat指用枪朝某人或某物射击，强调动作过程(未必击中)[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Hewasshot(shoot)inthebackwhiletryingtoescape.③Heshotatthebirdwithhisgunbutmissedit.④Theteachertoldthenaughtyboysnotto_shoot(shoot)thebirdsonthetree.[熟词生义]Theyareshootingthelastscenenow.(v.拍摄)3eq\a\vs4\al(flexibleadj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的)[教材原句]Forexample，advancesinvirtualrealityandwearabletech,aswellastheflexiblebattery，meanweshouldsoonbeseeingfurtherdevelopments.(P26)例如，虚拟现实、穿戴式技术以及弹性电池的进步都意味着不久后我们就能看到更进一步的发展。①Ournewputersoftwareisextremelyflexible.我们新的电脑软件很灵活。[归纳拓展]inflexibleadj.不灵活的flexibilityn.灵活性[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Theseexercisesaretodeveloptheflexibility(flexible)ofdancers'bodies.③Theagelimitforstudentscanbehandledflexibly(flexible)．4eq\a\vs4\al(capableadj.有能力的)[教材原句]ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces,withputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”．(P27)它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。①Youarecapableofbetterworkthanthis.你有能力做得比这更好。[归纳拓展](1)becapableof...有能力……incapableadj.无能力的；不能干的(2)capacityn.容量；能力[即时巩固]单句语法填空②I'mperfectlycapableofdoingitmyself.③Thefueltankhasacapacity(capable)of40litres.5eq\a\vs4\al(inspirevt.鼓舞；激发；启示)[教材原句]Sowhatisitthatinspiresustoinventthings？(P27)那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？①Hetriedtoinspirethemtogreaterefforts.他力图鼓励他们做出更大的努力。[归纳拓展](1)inspiresb.to(do)sth.激励某人(做)某事inspiresb.withsth.用某物鼓舞某人(2)inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；激励的(3)inspiredadj.受到鼓舞/启发的(4)inspirationn.灵感[即时巩固]单句语法填空②ThebeautyoftheWestLakeinspiredalotofpoetsto_write(write)theirgreatpoetry.③HisjourneytoSouthAmericawasasourceoffreshideasandinspiration(inspire)．④Thenewsisinspiring(inspire)．6eq\a\vs4\al(desiren.渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要)[教材原句]Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.(P27)但仍然重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望，这才是真正的发明精神。①Iaminspiredbyhercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed.她的勇气和对成功强烈的渴望激励着我。[归纳拓展](1)haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.迫切想要做某事,forsth.急于想得到某物))havenodesiretodosth.不想做某事(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.想要某人做某事desirethat...(should)dosth.渴望……做某事[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Wealwaysdesireto_live(live)inpeacewithalltheothercountriesintheworld.③Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)_be_given(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.④Shehasastrongdesireforknowledgeandwantstogotocollegeverymuch.1eq\a\vs4\al(inaddition除此之外，另外)[教材原句]Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingputerpower.(P27)此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。①Ilikeapples.Inaddition,Ialsolikebananas.我喜欢苹果。另外，我也喜欢香蕉。[归纳拓展](1)inaddition是副词短语，常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾，常用逗号隔开。aswell＝besides＝inaddition除此之外(用作副词)(2)inadditionto...除……之外，复合介词，后接名词或动名词inadditionto...＝besides＝aswellas＝apartfrom除……之外[即时巩固]完成句子②In_addition_tothesearrangements,extraambulanceswillbeondutyuntilmidnight.除了这些安排以外，另增救护车值班至午夜。③In_addition,_theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.此外，互联网使调查和投票变得容易而且方便，不管时间和空间如何。2eq\a\vs4\al(thanksto由于；幸亏；因为)[教材原句]Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingputerpower.(P27)此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。①Thankstothegovernment'shelp，theproblemwasfinallysolved.在政府的帮助下，这个问题终于解决了。[归纳拓展]表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：becauseof,owingto,dueto,onaccountof,resultfrom,asaresultof,forone'ssake,forthesakeofsb.等[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Thankstotechnology,moremusicisavailabletomorepeoplethanatanytimeinhistory.③Imissedthebusduetothetrafficjam.④Asaresultofthebadweather,thefootballmatchwasputoff.3eq\a\vs4\al(intermsof据……；依照……；就……而言)[教材原句]Intermsoftheenvironment，itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.(P27)在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能步行屋。①Intermsofhealth,keepingabalanceddietisnecessary.就健康而言，保持平衡饮食是必要的。[归纳拓展]inthelong/shortterm就长远/短期而言beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人交情好/不好etoterms(withsb.)(与某人)达成协议；和好[即时巩固]完成句子②Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedin_terms_ofoverallquality.普遍认为应该从综合素质的角度来评价学生。③Allofmyclassmatesareon_good_terms_witheachother.我的同学们相互之间的关系都很好。④Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin_the_long_term.从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。4eq\a\vs4\al(leadto导致；造成后果)[教材原句]Now,reducedenergysuppliesandenvironmentalpollutionhaveledtomoreadvancesinthetechnologyofnewenergyvehicles.(P27)现在，能源供应的减少和环境污染已经导致新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。①Asweallknow,allroadsleadtoRome.众所周知，条条大路通罗马。[归纳拓展]leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事leada．..life过着……的生活leadtheway带路leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走inthelead领先；处于首位takethelead带头；领先[即时巩固]单句语法填空/完成句子②Iwanttoknowwhatledyouto_take(take)upactingasacareer.③Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief'sbeing_caught(catch)．④Asisknowntousall,successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.众所周知，成功源于勤奋，而失败源于懒惰。⑤Healwaystakes_the_leadinresponsetothegovernment'scall.他总是带头响应政府的号召。5eq\a\vs4\al(byoneself单独地，独立地)[教材原句]Today,mostinventorspreferworkingbythemselves.(P28)如今，大多数发明家都喜欢独自工作。①Thelittleboywentoutbyhimself.那个小男孩独自一人出去了。[归纳拓展]“介词＋oneself”短语归纳：inoneself本来，本身foroneself为自己；亲自tooneself独自占有或享用besideoneself(withsth.)(因……而)忘我/发狂[即时巩固]完成句子②Moderntechnologyisnotdangerousin_itself.现代科技本身并不危险。③WhenIdineinarestaurant,Ilikeatableto_myself.我在饭馆吃饭时喜欢一个人占一张桌子。④Hepaidavisittohisteacherfor_himselfyesterday.昨天他亲自去拜访了他的老师。eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())Andnow，wefindourselvesinthegreatnewageoftechnology.P26现在，我们发现自己身处伟大的科技新时代。[句式分析]句中“findoneself＋宾补”结构，指突然发觉自己处于某种处境或在做某事。其宾补常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词充当。①TowardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。[归纳拓展](1)find的复合宾语结构：find＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词表示主动、进行,过去分词表示被动、完成,形容词,介词短语))(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo(it是形式宾语，todo是真正的宾语)(3)可用于这种结构的动词还有see，hear，watch，notice等[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Dickfoundhimselfwalking(walk)inthedirectionofMike'shouse.③Ifoundmyselfsurrounded(surround)byagroupofchildrenfullofcuriosity.④Helenfoundthepoemdifficultto_understand(understand)．eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces，withputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”.P27它能够利用GPS技术到不同的地方旅行，计算机技术控制它的“腿”。[句式分析]句中withputingtechnologycontrollingits“legs”属于“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。该结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。①Withwinteringon,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.冬天来了，该买暖衣了。[归纳拓展]with的复合结构可细化为以下几个情景：(1)with＋名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(2)with＋宾语＋todo。不定式和宾语之间是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作(3)with＋宾语＋done。过去分词和宾语之间是被动关系，表示动作已经完成(4)with＋宾语＋doing。宾语和动词­ing之间是主动关系，动词­ing所表示的动作和主句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Withourinesincreasing,moreandmoreofushaveprivatecars.③Witheverythingheneededbought(buy),heleftthestore.④Withsomanypeoplemunicating(municate)inEnglisheveryday,itwillbeemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.⑤Ican'tgooutwithalltheseclothesto_wash(wash)．eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())Sowhatisitthatinspiresustoinventthings？(P27)那么，是什么激励我们发明东西呢？[句式分析]该句中的“whatisitthat...”是强调句型中的特殊疑问句式。①Wherewasitthatyoumetyourparents?你是在什么地方遇到了你父母？[归纳拓展]强调句的用法：(1)Itwas/is＋被强调部分＋that...构成强调句的陈述句形式(2)强调句的疑问句形式。强调句变为一般疑问句时，直接将is/was置于句首。简略的答语为：“Yes,itis/was.”或“No,itisn't/wasn't.”(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式是：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...(4)强调“not...until”引导的时间状语时，要用“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”结构，that后面的句子要用肯定式，且须用陈述句语序[即时巩固]单句语法填空②Itwasbecauseofbadweatherthatth