四川省眉山市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省眉山市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．HowlongwillthemanstayinChina?A．7days．B．10days．C．12days．2．Whycan’tthewomanhelptheman?A．Sheisbusywithherpaper．B．Shehasmathhomeworktodo．C．ShewantstobrowseTikTok．3．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Gotosleepearly．B．Readtheadvertisement.C．Watchthemovie．4．Whereisthemangoingthisafternoon?A．Tothelibrary．B．Tothehospital．C．Tothepolicestation．5．Whatdidthemanthinkofthevideo?A．Pretty．B．Mad．C．Humorous．第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。6．What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent．B．Salesmanandcustomer.C．Doctorandpatient．7．Whichofthefollowingsuggestionsisnotmentioned?A．Buyingapairofglasses.B．ReadingEnglishletters．C．Gettingafurthercheckup．听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。8．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthewoman’shouse．B．Inarestaurant．C．Attheairport．9．Whatwillthemaneat?A．Sandwiches．B．Riceandfish．C．Beefnoodles．10．WhichAmericannamedoesthemanprefer?A．Mike．B．Steve．C．David．听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。11．Whydoesthemanaskforleave?A．Tolookafterhisdaughter．B．Tovisithisfamily．C．Togoonholiday．12．WhenisthemangoingtoSingapore?A．NextSaturday．B．NextThursday．C．NextWednesday．13．WhatwillMr.Whitedonext?A．Hireanewassistant．B．TurntoMr.Smithforhelp．C．Keepintouchwiththecustomers．听下面一段对话，回答第14至16题。14．Whydoesthemanneedhelp?A．HeisunfamiliarwithBeijing．B．Hedoesn’tspeakChinese．C．Hisapartmentistoonoisy．15．WhydoesthemancometoBeijing?A．Toplaysoccer．B．TostudyinTsinghuaUniversity．C．Toworkasateacher．16．Whatdoweknowabouttheapartment?A．Ithas2bedrooms．B．It’sonthe17thfloor．C．It’snearasupermarket．听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17．Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanyoudoifyoujoin?A．Sleepingintents．B．Designingcomputergames．C．Cookingonacampfire．18．Howmanydayswillthecoursebethisyear?A.5days．B．7days．C．8days．19．Whatcanweknowfromthetalk?A．Thekidswilllearnbythemselves．B．12-year-oldkidsarewelcometojoin．C．There’re2fewerseatsthisyearthanlastyear．20．What’sthepurposeofthetalk?A．Toattractsportsmen．B．Toadvertiseacourse．C．Tointroducecomputergames．〖答案〗1-5BAABC6-10CBAAB11-15CACAB16-20CBCCB第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWintervacationisapproachingandhereisalistoftoursaboutPerurecommendedbyAdamBarber.MachuPicchuTourThisfour-daywalkingwilltakeyouonamazingpathsthroughtheAndesMountainsonthewaytothecityofMachuPicchu.Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexploreandbeamazedbythisancientcity.EspeciallyamazingistheInca’sdrystonemethodofbuilding.Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothingwasneededtoholdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.CuscoTourSpendfourdaysenjoyingtheuniqueSpanishandlocalIndianculturehighintheAndesatCusco,thecapitaloftheIncaEmpirefromthe13thuntilthe16thcentury.Stayinalocalhotel,visitthemuseums,admirethearchitecture,enjoytheexcellentlocalfood,andgoshoppingatthelocalmarkets.LakeTiticacaTourEnjoythebeautifulcountrysideasyouspendadaydrivingalongthenewhighwayconnectingCuscotoLakeTiticaca.There,aboatwilltakeyoutostaywithalocalUrosfamilyonanislandforthreedays.BoththeislandandtheUroshomesaremadeofwaterplantsfromthelake.AmazonRainforestTourAshortflightfromCuscotakesyoufromtheAndesintotheAmazonrainforest.Fromthere,you’llspendonedaytravellingbyboattoyouraccommodationinthemiddleoftheforest.Youcanthenspendthreedaysexploringtherainforestwithalocalguideandenjoyingtheplantsandanimalsuniquetotherainforest.SocomeandexperiencewhatPeruhastooffer:everythingfromtheancientIncaculturetobeautifulcountryside.FormoreinformationaboutothertoursaroundPeru,clickhere.1.WhatwillimpressthevisitorsonMachuPicchuTour?A.Themoderncity. B.Thebeautifulcountryside.C.Thelocalfood. D.Thespecialbuildingmethod.2.WhatdoLakeTiticacaTourandAmazonRainforestTourhaveincommon?A.Theyprovideguideservice. B.Theyofferaboattravel.C.Theytake3daysintotal. D.Theyrunforestaccommodation.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Alocalnewspaper. B.Ahistorybook.C.Aradioprogram. D.Atourwebsite.〖答案〗1.D2.B3.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个秘鲁的旅游目的地。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“EspeciallyamazingistheInca’sdrystonemethodofbuilding.(尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建筑方法)”可知，其特殊的建造方法会给马丘比丘之旅的游客留下深刻印象。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“There,aboatwilltakeyoutostaywithalocalUrosfamilyonanislandforthreedays.(在那里，一艘船将带你到一个岛上与当地的乌鲁斯家庭住上三天)”以及第五段“Fromthere,you’llspendonedaytravellingbyboattoyouraccommodationinthemiddleoftheforest.(从那里，你将花一天的时间乘船到你在森林中的住处)”可知，的的喀喀湖之旅和亚马逊雨林之旅的共同之处是都提供乘船旅行。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“FormoreinformationaboutothertoursaroundPeru,clickhere.(想了解更多关于秘鲁其他旅游的信息，请点击这里)”可推知，文章选自旅游网站。故选D。BMywife,daughter,andIspentalotoftimeandenergyintheyardtogetitlookinglikeitdoestoday.Thefrontpartofouryardwasfilledwithrocks,sowedidthebestwecouldandcalledthisareaour“rockgarden”.LastsummerIreachedtheendoftherockgardenandfoundatinylittleplantthatIcouldnotimmediatelyrecognize.IknewIdidn’tplantitandDenisesaidthatshedidn’teither.Wedecidedtoletitcontinuegrowinguntilwecouldfigureoutwhatitwas.WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothemysteryplant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Itsstalk(茎秆)lookedlongandthinwithonlyoneheadonit.Idecidedtobabyitalongandtakeouttheweeds(杂草)aroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromthatareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomethingunusual.ThesunflowerhadnotstartedwhereIsawthestalkbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderandaroundittoreachthesun.That’swhenIrealizedthatifatinylittlesunflowerdidn’tletabigrockstandinitswayofgrowing,wetoohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething.Onceourenvironmentbeginstoseethatwebelieveinourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecangetthesamenutritionandcareaswell.Standtalllikethesunflowerandbeproudofwhoandwhatyouareandtheenvironmentwillbegintosupportyou.Youwillfindawaytogounderoraroundyourbigobstacle(障碍)inordertoreachyourdesires.4.WhatdidtheauthorandDenisechoosetodowhentheyfirstsawtheplant?A.Toletitbe. B.Topullitout. C.Tolookafterit.D.Toplantitelsewhere.5.Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedword“baby”inParagraph3?A.Showrespectfor. B.Takecareof.C.Makeuseof.D.Makeroomfor.6.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelwhenhesawthestalkgounderandaroundabigrock?A.Curious. B.Surprised.C.Doubtful.D.Excited.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toadvisepeopletobelieveinthemselves. B.Toexplainwhyweshouldbeproudofourselves.C.Toencouragepeopletolearnfromnature. D.Toshowthatthesunflowerisatoughplant.〖答案〗4.A5.B6.B7.A【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一个小向日葵克服困难从而成长的故事，表达了人们应该相信自己、努力克服困难以实现自己的愿望的主题。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Wedecidedtoletitcontinuegrowinguntilwecouldfigureoutwhatitwas.(我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们弄清楚它是什么)”可知，当作者和丹尼斯第一次看到这种植物时，他们选择顺其自然。故选A。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“italongandtakeouttheweeds(杂草)aroundit”以及“Ipulledrocksfromthatareatogettotheweeds”可知，作者把石头从那个地方挪开以清除杂草，说明开始照顾这株植物。故划线词意思是“照顾”。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“AsIpulledrocksfromthatareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomethingunusual.ThesunflowerhadnotstartedwhereIsawthestalkbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderandaroundittoreachthesun.(当我把石头从那个地方挪开以清除杂草时，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。向日葵并不是从我看到茎的地方开始生长的。它实际上是从一块大石头下面开始的，然后在它下面和周围生长，直到接触到太阳)”可知，当作者看到茎秆绕在一块大石头下面时，他感到惊讶。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Standtalllikethesunflowerandbeproudofwhoandwhatyouareandtheenvironmentwillbegintosupportyou.Youwillfindawaytogounderoraroundyourbigobstacle(障碍)inordertoreachyourdesires.(像向日葵一样站得高高的，为你是谁和你是什么感到骄傲，环境就会开始支持你。为了达到你的愿望，你会找到一种方法从你的大障碍下面或周围走过去)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议人们相信自己。故选A。CAlmostallofushaveafriend,whocaneatanythingandeatasmuchasanelephantyetnevergainweight.Sowhycanyourfriendgetawaywitheatingwhathe/shewantsandnotgetfat?Firstandforemost,ithassomethingtodowithGenetics(基因学):highbasalmetabolicrate(BMR)(高基础代谢率).Whenweareresting,ourbodyspendssomeenergyforbasicactivitieslikebreathingandpumpingoftheheart.SothosewithhighBMRburnmorecaloriesatrestascomparedtothosewhohavelowBMR.Asaresult,theseindividualsdon’tputonweightdespiteeatinglargeamountsoffoods.Toshowthatitistrue,scientistshaveexperimentedonlaboratorymice.Theygavethemiceaspecialdietwithalotoffat.Somemicegainedweightwhiletheothermicestayedthin,eventhoughbothgroupsofmiceatethesameamountoffoodandgotthesameamountofexercise.Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemstobeinfluencedbygeneticfactors.Armedwiththisknowledge,theybelieveitmaybepossibletodevelopmedicinesthatcantarget(针对)thegenesandstoppeoplefromgainingweight.Otherreasonssuchasbadeatingandlivinghabitsaswellasillnessesalsocontributetoweightgain.Thestudyofweightgainisbecomingmoreimportantasthenumberofpeoplewhoareoverweightcontinuestogrow.Currentmedicinesforweightcontroldonotworkverywellbecausetheycanhaveserioussideeffects.However,ittakesalongtimetodevelopandtestnewdrugs.Therefore,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweightlossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.Thiswillnotonlyhelppeopleavoidbecomingoverweight,butalsohelpthemstayhealthyandenergetic.8.WhydoestheauthoraskaquestioninParagraph1?A.Tostresshisdoubts. B.Tocomparedifferentresults.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toexpresshisunhappiness.9.Whatmightbethekeyreasonforgettingfat?A.Badlivinghabits. B.Geneticfactors.C.Badeatinghabits. D.Seriousillnesses.10.Whatdidthescientistsdowiththemiceduringtheirexperiment?A.Theygavethemthesameexperimentalconditions.B.Theyfedthemonaspecialdietwithonlyfat.C.Theystudiedthegeneticstructureoftheirbodies.D.Theydividedthemintotwogroupsatthebeginning.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CurrentWeight-lossMedicinesHaveBadEffects B.ControllingWeightGainIsHardbutPossibleC.KnowingYourBMRHelpsLoseMoreWeight D.GenesPlayaRoleinDecidingYourWeight〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发胖的原因与遗传有关，科学家通过实验证明了这一点。其他原因，如不良的饮食和生活习惯以及疾病也会导致体重增加。随着超重人数的不断增加，对体重增加的研究变得越来越重要。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Almostallofushaveafriend,whocaneatanythingandeatasmuchasanelephantyetnevergainweight.Sowhycanyourfriendgetawaywitheatingwhathe/shewantsandnotgetfat?(几乎我们所有人都有一个朋友，他可以吃任何东西，吃得和大象一样多，但从不发胖。那么，为什么你的朋友可以吃他/她想吃的东西而不发胖呢？)”可推知，作者在第一段问了一个问题是为了引入话题。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Firstandforemost,ithassomethingtodowithGenetics(基因学):highbasalmetabolicrate(BMR)(高基础代谢率).(首先，这与遗传学有关：高基础代谢率（BMR）)”可知，发胖的主要原因是遗传因素。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Somemicegainedweightwhiletheothermicestayedthin,eventhoughbothgroupsofmiceatethesameamountoffoodandgotthesameamountofexercise.(尽管两组老鼠吃的食物和运动量相同，但一些老鼠体重增加，而另一些老鼠保持苗条)”可知，在实验中，科学家们给了老鼠们相同的实验条件。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Firstandforemost,ithassomethingtodowithGenetics(基因学):highbasalmetabolicrate(BMR)(高基础代谢率).Whenweareresting,ourbodyspendssomeenergyforbasicactivitieslikebreathingandpumpingoftheheart.SothosewithhighBMRburnmorecaloriesatrestascomparedtothosewhohavelowBMR.Asaresult,theseindividualsdon’tputonweightdespiteeatinglargeamountsoffoods.(首先，这与遗传学有关：高基础代谢率（BMR）。当我们休息时，我们的身体会为一些基本活动消耗一些能量，比如呼吸和心脏跳动。所以那些BMR高的人在休息时比那些BMR低的人消耗更多的卡路里。因此，尽管这些人吃了大量的食物，但他们的体重并没有增加)”结合文章主要说明了发胖的原因与遗传有关，科学家通过实验证明了这一点。其他原因，如不良的饮食和生活习惯以及疾病也会导致体重增加。随着超重人数的不断增加，对体重增加的研究变得越来越重要。可知，D选项“基因决定你的体重”最符合文章标题。故选D。DInthesummermonths,fireflies(萤火虫)becomelively,startingtheir“lovestories”.Malefirefliesflyaroundandapartoftheirbelly(腹部)willlightup.Thenfemalessittingonthegroundlookupattheshowandflashbacktothemalestheylike.They’renotgoingtomate(交配)unlessthey’veexchangedtheselightsignals(信号).Fireflyspecieshaveperformedthatformillionsofyears,litonlybythemoon.Nowhumansaredamagingtheirfeelings,turningonstreetlightsandLEDsatthefireflies’summerparty.Inthefireflyworld,it’sthefemaleswhoareparticularlyturnedoffbyman-madelight.Owens,aresearcheratHarvardUniversity,ledstudiesinexperimentalconditionsandfieldconditionsandfoundthatmalefirefliesoftenkeepflashing(闪光)understreetlightsandotherkindsofoverheadlight,whilefemalefireflies,activeatnight,basicallyshutdownandstopreacting.“Probablybecausetheyjustcan’tseethemalesverywell,”Owensexplained.“Typicallymalefirefliesarelookingdown.Femalefirefliesarelookingupatstreetlightsandotherlightsources.”Inlabconditions,notoneof20pairsmatedsuccessfullyunderbrightlights,whileabouthalfoffireflycouplesmatedsuccessfullyinnaturaldimlight.Inthelastdecade,thenightskybecametwiceasbrightduetotheincreasinguseofLEDs,Owenssaid,whichhurtsthepopulationsoffireflies.Sadly,nofirefliesareprotectedundertheEndangeredSpeciesActpresently.“Ilikepeopletothinkaboutfireflyextinction(灭绝)assittinginaroomofcandles,andit’sbeautiful,"saidSaraLewis,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity.“Andifoneortwoofthosecandleswentout,youprobablydon’tevennoticeit,butifthatcontinues,eventuallyyouareleftsittingincompletedarkness.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A.Exchanginglightsignalsoflove. B.Tellingtheirlovestories.C.Matingandraisingbabies. D.Holdingsummerparties.13.Whatisaseriousdangerofman-madelighttofireflies?A.Itmakesthefemaleblind. B.Itstopsthefemalefromreacting.C.Itcausesthemtogetlost. D.Itforcesthemaletoshutoff.14.Whatinfluencesthesuccessoffireflymatingaccordingtotheresearch?A.Thesizeofmaleandfemale. B.Themaleandfemalematingtime.C.Thebrightnessofsurroundinglight. D.Thenumberoffireflycouples.15.WhatdoesSaraLewissayaboutthefireflyextinction?A.Itwillsurelyhappeneventually. B.Itproducesabeautifulstory.C.Itwillcomeifnothingisdone. D.Ithappensinaroomofcandles.〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类对萤火虫生活环境的干扰以及对萤火虫种群的影响。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Thenfemalessittingonthegroundlookupattheshowandflashbacktothemalestheylike.They’renotgoingtomate(交配)unlessthey’veexchangedtheselightsignals(信号).(然后，坐在地上的雌性会抬头看这场表演，并回想起它们喜欢的雄性。除非它们交换了这些光信号，否则它们不会交配。)”可知，萤火虫只有在交换表达爱意的光信号后才会交配；根据第二段中划线词所在句的“Fireflyspecieshaveperformedthatformillionsofyears,litonlybythemoon.Nowhumansaredamagingtheirfeelings,turningonstreetlightsandLEDsatthefireflies’summerparty.(数百万年来，萤火虫一直在月光下这样做。现在，在萤火虫的夏季派对上路灯和LED灯的打开人类正在伤害它们的感情。)”可知，人造光源的出现对于萤火虫的交配带来了不利的影响，而在以往月光没有影响萤火虫的交配，即它们交换表达爱意的光信号已经有着很久的历史了；句中划线词that指代第一段中的“exchangedtheselightsignals”，指“交换表达爱意的光信号”。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Inthefireflyworld,it’sthefemaleswhoareparticularlyturnedoffbyman-madelight.Owens,aresearcheratHarvardUniversity,ledstudiesinexperimentalconditionsandfieldconditionsandfoundthatmalefirefliesoftenkeepflashing(闪光)understreetlightsandotherkindsofoverheadlight,whilefemalefireflies,activeatnight,basicallyshutdownandstopreacting.(在萤火虫的世界里，雌性萤火虫尤其不喜欢人造光。欧文斯是哈佛大学的一名研究人员，他在实验条件和野外条件下进行了研究，发现雄性萤火虫在路灯和其他顶灯下经常保持闪光，而在夜间活动的雌性萤火虫，基本上不会活动并停止做出反应。)”可知，在路灯和其它顶灯下，在夜间活动的雌性萤火虫，基本上不会活动并停止做出反应；由此可知，人造光对萤火虫的严重危害在于它阻止了雌性做出反应。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Inlabconditions,notoneof20pairsmatedsuccessfullyunderbrightlights,whileabouthalfoffireflycouplesmatedsuccessfullyinnaturaldimlight.(在实验室条件下，20对萤火虫中没有一对在明亮的光线下成功交配，而在自然昏暗的光线下，大约有一半的雌雄萤火虫成功交配。)”可知，影响萤火虫交配成功的因素是周围光线的亮度。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘Ilikepeopletothinkaboutfireflyextinctionassittinginaroomofcandles,andit’sbeautiful,’saidSaraLewis,aprofessorofbiologyatTuftsUniversity.‘Andifoneortwoofthosecandleswentout,youprobablydon’tevennoticeit,butifthatcontinues,eventuallyyouareleftsittingincompletedarkness.’(‘我喜欢人们把萤火虫灭绝想象成坐在摆满蜡烛的房间里，这很美’。塔夫茨大学生物学教授SaraLewis说：‘如果其中一两根蜡烛熄灭了，你可能甚至都不会注意到，但如果这种情况持续下去，最终你会坐在完全黑暗的地方。’)”可知，SaraLewis认为如果不采取任何措施的话，萤火虫最终可能会灭绝。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenafriendshiphitsawall,howdoyouknowwhethertoworkontherelationshiporletitgo?“Itactuallyisamatteroflifeanddeath,”wroteLydiaDenworthinherbook.“Friendshipisnotachoice．It’sanecessitythatisimportanttoourabilitytosucceed.”Ifyou’velosttouchwithgoodfriends,itcouldbetimetoworkthroughhurtfeelingsandrepairthefriendships．____16____.●ThinkandwritedownthegoodBeforeyoufaceadifficultconversationwithafriend,pauseandthinkitover．“Thinkofthemomentswhenthisfriendshiphasbroughtyoujoyorexcitement,”suggestedAdam,authorofFriendshipintheAgeofLoneliness.____17____．Healsoencouragedsharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriend.●Chooseadifferentwaytocommunicate____18____.“Peoplearehappytogetmailsorpostcards.Writemorelettersorsendsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy,”Adamsuggested．Adamalsosuggestedadeeperletterwritingapproach:“Trywritingletterstoeachotherbeforeyoutalk．Inyourletter,includewhyyouthinktherelationshipfeelshardandwhyyouwanttorepairit.”●GiveittimeandtryagainPeopledifferinhowtheydealwithconflict(争执),sorememberthatyoumayneedtogiveafriendshipsomebreathingroombeforetryingagain.____19____.Shealsosuggestedanhonestapproachsuchas,“Hey,Ifeltterriblesincewehadconflict.I’dlovetogetthingsbackontracksinceIreallyappreciateourfriendship.”●____20____Sometimesafriendshipsuffersbecauseofamiscommunication,andsometimestheproblemsrunmuchdeeper.Francoencouragedpeoplenottoletasingleproblembreakupafriendship.“Conflictisachancetoimproveafriendship.Don’tgiveuponfriendshipsbecauseoneproblemhasoccurred,”Francosaid.A.Don’tgiveupB.StaywithyourfriendsC.HerearesomewaystorepairafriendshipD.ThenwritedownthingsyouappreciateaboutafriendE.However,youshouldfindwaystochangeyourrelationshipF.Ifrepaireffortshavenotworked,tryadifferentwaytocommunicateG.Franco,afriendshipexpert,saidthatfriendshipsmayrequiretimetomakeprogress〖答案〗16.C17.D18.F19.G20.A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给出了一些修复友谊的方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Ifyou’velosttouchwithgoodfriends,itcouldbetimetoworkthroughhurtfeelingsandrepairthefriendships．(如果你和好朋友失去了联系，可能是时候消除受伤的感觉，修复友谊了)”结合后文提出了修复友谊的方法。故C选项“这里有一些修复友谊的方法”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据小标题“●Thinkandwritedownthegood(思考并写下好的一面)”以及后文“Healsoencouragedsharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriend．(他还鼓励在与朋友交谈时分享这份清单)”可知，本段建议写下朋友好的方面，然后把清单分享给朋友。故D选项“然后写下你欣赏朋友的地方”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据后文““Peoplearehappytogetmailsorpostcards．Writemorelettersorsendsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy,”Adamsuggested．Adamalsosuggestedadeeperletterwritingapproach:“Trywritingletterstoeachotherbeforeyoutalk．Inyourletter,includewhyyouthinktherelationshipfeelshardandwhyyouwanttorepairit.”(“人们很高兴收到邮件或明信片。多写信，或者送一本你认为他们会喜欢的书，”亚当建议。亚当还建议了一种更深入的写信方法：“试着在交谈之前给对方写信。在你的信中，包括为什么你觉得这段关系很艰难，为什么你想修复它。”)”可知，本段的建议是通过不同的方法来修复友谊。故F选项“如果修复的努力不起作用，试着用不同的方式沟通”符合语境，故选F。【19题详析】根据后文“Shealsosuggestedanhonestapproachsuchas,“Hey,Ifeltterriblesincewehadconflict．I’dlovetogetthingsbackontracksinceIreallyappreciateourfriendship.”(她还建议采取诚实的方式，比如，“嘿，我们发生了冲突，我感觉很糟糕。我很想让事情回到正轨，因为我真的很感激我们的友谊。”)”可知，本句是在说明后文she指代人物是谁。故G选项“友谊专家G.Franco说，友谊可能需要时间来发展”符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】根据本段内容“Sometimesafriendshipsuffersbecauseofamiscommunication,andsometimestheproblemsrunmuchdeeper.Francoencouragedpeoplenottoletasingleproblembreakupafriendship.“Conflictisachancetoimproveafriendship.Don’tgiveuponfriendshipsbecauseoneproblemhasoccurred,”Francosaid.(有时一段友谊因为沟通不畅而受损，有时问题要严重得多。佛朗哥鼓励人们不要让一个问题破坏了一段友谊。“冲突是增进友谊的机会。不要因为出现了一个问题就放弃友谊。”)”可知，本段的主旨是不要因为出现了一个问题就放弃友谊。故A选项“不要放弃”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。CaneloclimbedPicodeOrizabaonhisown,followingapackofhikersinOctoberwhohadgivenhim____21____.Eventuallymakinghiswaynearlytothepeakofthe18,491foottallmountain,Canelo____22____tofollowseveralothergroupsofclimbersbackandstayedinthe____23____positionfornearlyamonth,____24____strongwindsandbittercold.Butlastweek,agroupof30climbersdecidedto____25____arescuetaskforthepurposeofbringingCanelodownto____26____.HilarioAguilar,oneoftheclimbinginstructors,recordedtherescueonhisFacebookpage,explaininghowtheclimbersfoundthe____27____andstarvingdognearthepeak’ssummitandslowlycoaxed(哄)himtothemwithwaterandsnacks.OncetheygainedCanelo’s____28____,theteamdecidedto____29____Caneloandputhiminabackpack,carryinghimdownthemountain.Onreturning,Canelowas____30____toalocalvet(兽医)foracheckupandsomebasiccare．Aguilar,whoalreadyhastwodogsofhisown,knewhecouldn’tprovideCanelowitha(n)____31____homeandturnedoverthedogtoFatima,afriendwhoworksforalocalanimal____32____.____33____,nowthatCanelo’sstoryhasbecomenationalnewsinMexico,theshelterwherehe’srestinghasbeen____34____withadoptioninquiries(收养咨询),meaningthatCanelo’s____35____ofwandering(流浪)aloneinthewildernessareoverforgood.21.A.money B.praise C.freedom D.food22.A.hesitated B.stopped C.refused D.expected23.A.central B.high C.exciting D.hopeful24.A.enjoying B.describing C.following D.braving25.A.carryout B.putout C.takeout D.callout26.A.town B.hospital C.safety D.life27.A.shaking B.barking C.sleeping D.jumping28.A.confidence B.experience C.trust D.agreement29.A.tieup B.keepoff C.takein D.hurryup30.A.sold B.rushed C.posted D.awarded31.A.extra B.warm C.cheap D.beautiful32.A.shelter B.organization C.charity D.center33.A.Suddenly B.Happily C.Unfortunately D.Secretly34.A.filled B.equipped C.fed D.tired35.A.years B.months C.decades D.days〖答案〗21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.A28.C29.A30.B31.B32.A33.B34.A35.D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了狗狗Canelo跟随一群给他食物的徒步旅行者登上了奥里萨巴峰，但是他拒绝跟随登山者返回，于是在山顶非常恶劣的环境中待了近一个月。随后，由30名登山者组成的小组决定执行救援任务，将Canelo带回安全地带，之后他被送往了动物收容所。这个消息成为了墨西哥全国性新闻，很多人想收养Canelo。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年10月，卡内洛跟随一群给他食物的徒步旅行者，独自攀登了奥里萨巴峰。A.money钱；B.praise赞美；C.freedom自由；D.food食物。根据后文“starvingdognearthepeak’ssummitandslowlycoaxed(哄)himtothemwithwaterandsnacks.”可知，Canelo是一条狗，结合选项可知，Canelo需要的是食物，由此可知，他应是跟随给他食物的徒步旅行者，故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，卡内洛几乎登上了这座海拔18491英尺的山峰，但他拒绝跟随其他几组登山者返回，并在高处顶着强风和严寒，停留了近一个月。A.hesitated犹豫；B.stopped停止；C.refused拒绝；D.expected期待。由下文“positionfornearlyamonth”和“starvingdognearthepeak’ssummitandslowlycoaxed(哄)himtothemwithwaterandsnacks.”可知，狗狗Canelo待在山上将近一个月，由此可知，他在登上山峰后，拒绝跟随其他几组登山者返回，故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，卡内洛几乎登上了这座海拔18491英尺的山峰，但他拒绝跟随其他几组登山者返回，并在高处顶着强风和严寒，停留了近一个月。A.central中心的；B.high高的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.hopeful有希望的。由上文“Eventuallymakinghiswaynearlytothepeakofthe18,491foottallmountain”和下文提到的他在山顶待了将近一个月可知，Canelo登上了海拔18491英尺的山峰，由此可知，他待在山顶近一个月，即在高处待了近一个月，故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，卡内洛几乎登上了这座海拔18491英尺的山峰，但他拒绝跟随其他几组登山者返回，并在高处顶着强风和严寒，停留了近一个月。A.enjoying享受；B.describing描述；C.following跟随；D.braving勇于置身（恶劣或危险的环境）。由下文“strongwindsandbittercold.”可知，Canelo在山顶置身于强风和严寒这样恶劣的环境中，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但上周，由30名登山者组成的小组决定执行救援任务，以将卡内洛带回安全地带。A.carryout实施；B.putout扑灭；C.takeout取出；D.callout召唤出。由下文“arescuetaskforthepurposeofbringingCanelodown”可知，登山小组决定执行救援Canelo的计划，故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但上周，由30名登山者组成的小组决定执行救援任务，以将卡内洛带回安全地带。A.town镇子；B.hospital医院；C.safety安全；D.life生活。由上文“arescuetaskforthepurposeofbringingCanelodownto”可知，救援小组要把在山顶的Canelo救下来，带到安全地方，故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：登山教练之一希拉里奥·阿吉拉尔在他的Facebook页面上记录了救援过程，解释了登山者如何在山顶附近发现了这只颤抖且饥饿的狗，并用水和零食慢慢地将它哄到身边。A.shaking摇晃；B.barking犬吠；C.sleeping睡觉；D.jumping跳跃。此处是现在分词作定语，修饰dog，上文提到“strongwindsandbittercold.”山顶有风极其寒冷且狗在上面待了将近一个月可知，这只狗被发现时应该是颤抖且饥饿的，故选A。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：获得卡内洛的信任后，团队决定将卡内洛绑起来，装进背包，背着下山。A.confidence自信；B.experience经历；C.trust信任；D.agreement协议。上文“slowlycoaxed(哄)himtothemwithwaterandsnacks.”提到团队用零食哄骗狗狗Canelo下来，下文“puthiminabackpack,carryinghimdownthemountain.”提到他们把狗狗Canelo带到了山下可知，他们应该是获得了狗狗Canelo的信任，随后把他放进背包，背下山，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：获得卡内洛的信任后，团队决定将卡内洛绑起来，装进背包，背着下山。A.tieup捆绑；B.keepoff避免；C.takein吸收；D.hurryup急忙。由下文“Caneloandputhiminabackpack,”和常识可知，狗狗Canelo应该是被绑起来放到背包，然后背下山，不然的话他会乱动，故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回来后，卡内洛被紧急送往当地兽医处进行检查和一些基本护理。A.sold出售；B.rushed急忙；C.posted发布；D.awarded奖励。由下文“toalocalvet(兽医)foracheckupandsomebasiccare.”可知，狗狗Canelo应该是被紧急送往医院，故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：阿吉拉尔自己已经养了两只狗，他知道自己无法为卡内洛提供一个温暖的家，于是将狗交给了在当地动物收容所工作的朋友法蒂玛。A.extra额外的；B.warm温暖的；C.cheap便宜的；D.beautiful美丽的。由上文“Aguilar,whoalreadyhastwodogsofhisown”可知，阿吉拉尔自己已经养了两只狗，所以他无法收养Canelo，即为Canelo提供一个温暖的家，故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿吉拉尔自己已经养了两只狗，他知道自己无法为卡内洛提供一个温暖的家，于是将狗交给了在当地动物收容所工作的朋友法蒂玛。A.shelter收容所；B.organization组织；C.charity慈善；D.center中心。由下文“theshelterwherehe’sresting”可知，狗狗Canelo被送到了收容所，故选A。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，现在卡内洛的故事已经成为