山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试B卷英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试B卷英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourPopularBooksonScienceMustn’tGrumbleThisbookwrittenbyGrahamLawtonisnotaboutwhathappenswhenwe’reillwithsomethingserioustosendustothedoctor.Instead,itfocusesonmanyofmild,annoyingillnesses,achesandpainswhichwecanalwaysputupwith.It’samixtureofscienceandhistory,withalighttouch,andprovidespracticalinformationabouteachillnessforthereader.GenerationsInthisdeeplyresearchedbook,ProfessorBobbyDuffyprovidesanewframeworkforunderstandingtheissuesoftheday:fromculturewarstoclimatechangeandmentalhealthtohousing.Includinginformationfromallovertheglobe,andwithpowerfuleffectsonhumanity’sfuture,thisbig-thinkingbookwillchangehowyouviewtheworld.EurekaIntroducedbyJimAl-Khalili,Eurekabringstogether365mindblowingquestions,attractivefactsandexcitingexperiments.Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhatwouldhappenifthemoondisappeared,whycatsalwayslandontheirfeet,whywegetmorningbreath,howtomeasurethespeedoflightwithachocolatebar,ifyoucouldsurfdownaneruptingvolcanoandwhysongsgetstuckinyourhead,thisbookwouldbeagoodchoice.UnthinkableUnthinkabletakesusonanunforgettablejourneythroughthehumanbrain.Award-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownbraindisordersthatarenotseenveryoften.InUnthinkableshetellsthestoriesofnineunusualpeople.Fromthemanwhothinkshe’satigertothedoctorwhofeelsthepainofothersjustbylookingatthem.Theirexperiencesshowhowthebraincanshapeourlivesinunexpectedand,insomecases,alarmingways.1.HowdoesthebookMustn’tGrumblebenefitreaders?A.Byhelpingthemkeephealthy. B.Byimprovingtheirstudies.C.Bymakingthemlovescience. D.Byteachingthemtocareforpatients.2.Whosebookmayinterestyouifyouwanttoknowanswerstoamazingthings?A.GrahamLawton’s. B.BobbyDuffy’s. C.HelenThomson’s. D.JimAl-Khalili’s.3.WhatdoesthebookUnthinkablemainlydealwith?A.Worldtravelling. B.Wondersofthebrain.C.Sufferingsfrombraindisease. D.Achievementsofunusualpeople.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本科普读物的相关信息。〖答案〗1.A2.D3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Mustn’tGrumble中的“It’samixtureofscienceandhistory,withalighttouch,andprovidespracticalinformationabouteachillnessforthereader.(这本书结合了科学和历史，笔触轻快，为读者提供了关于每种疾病的实用信息)”可知，Mustn’tGrumble帮助人们保持健康。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Eureka中的“Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhatwouldhappenifthemoondisappeared,whycatsalwayslandontheirfeet,whywegetmorningbreath,howtomeasurethespeedoflightwithachocolatebar,ifyoucouldsurfdownaneruptingvolcanoandwhysongsgetstuckinyourhead,thisbookwouldbeagoodchoice.(如果你想知道如果月亮消失了会发生什么，为什么猫总是用脚着地，为什么我们早上会有口臭，如何用巧克力棒测量光速，如果你能在喷发的火山上冲浪，为什么歌曲会在你的脑海里萦绕，这本书将是一个很好的选择)”可知，如果你想知道神奇事物的〖答案〗，JimAl-Khalili’s的书会让你感兴趣。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Unthinkable中的“Unthinkabletakesusonanunforgettablejourneythroughthehumanbrain.Award-winningsciencewriterHelenThomsonhasspentyearstravellingtheworldtrackingdownbraindisordersthatarenotseenveryoften.InUnthinkableshetellsthestoriesofnineunusualpeople.(《不可思议》带我们踏上了一段难忘的人脑之旅。屡获殊荣的科学作家海伦·汤姆森花了数年时间周游世界，追踪不常见的脑部疾病。在《不可思议》一书中，她讲述了九个不同寻常的人的故事)”可知，Unthinkable主要是关于大脑的奇迹。故选B项。BDavidandAliciaTschirhartadoredtheirYellowLab,Marley,buttheyneverknewjusthowmuch,untilthatdaybackin2014whentheywerehikingwithhiminhillsneartheirSanDiegohome.“Aliciawentoffthepathtograbawalkingsticktohelpthroughthepath,”Davidrecalled.“AndMarleyallofasuddendarted(猛冲)frommeandhestartedclawingthegroundwhereAliciawasreachingforawalkingstick.AndIdidn’tknowwhatwashappening.Aliciakindoffellback.WhenIlookedmoreclosely,Isawthatitwasarattlesnake,”hetoldjournalistTracySmith.Rattlesnakesarecommononthesetrails,whichareverysteepandmilesfromanyhospital.AndtheTschirhartsdidn’thavecellphoneswiththem.ForAlicia,whowasfourmonthspregnant,asnakebitecouldhavebeenadisaster.Thankfully,12-year-oldMarleyscaredthesnakeaway,andafewmonthslater,theTschirharts’firstdaughterMaddiewasborn.Butbythen,Marleyhadbeendiagnosedwithcancer,andbyThanksgivingweekend2014,itwascleartheendwasnear.AndtheirloveforMarleywassostrongthattheycouldn’treallyletitgo.So,theTschirhartsturnedtoViaGenPets,ofAustin,Texas,acompanythathasclonedhundredsofpetsforamultitudeofgratefulowners.Forasmuchas$50,000,thecompanywillculturethecells,createembryos,implanttheminasurrogate(代孕母亲),anddeliveracloneofyourlovedone.Marley’sclone,Ziggy,anenergeticyellowball.ButtoDavidandAlicia,he’snothinglessthanMarleyreborn.“HeisexactlythetwinofMarley,”saidDavid.“So,he’sin,Iguess,thesameenvironment.Soreally,he’sbecomethesamedog.”Andwhilepetcloningisstilldebatable,itcanmean,forsomeatleast,thatwiththerightamountoflove,scienceandmoney,youneverreallyneedtosaygoodbye.4.WhydidMarleysuddenlybehavethatwayduringthehike?A.Itwantedtohavesomefun. B.Itwasn’tnormalsometimes.C.Itdetecteddangerforitsowner. D.Itfoundabetterstickforitsowner.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyshow?A.Thecouplejusthaveonedaughternow. B.Thecouplewereverygratefultothedog.C.Thecoupledon’tlikeusingacellphone. D.Thecouplewereverycarelesssometimes.6.WhatdidthecoupledecidetodonearMarley’sdeath?A.Saveitnomatterhowharditis. B.Finditssurrogateforthemtomeet.C.Letitdiewithoutsufferinganypain. D.Cloneadogthroughnewtechnology.7.Whatisthecouple’sattitudetowardsZiggy?A.Theyfinditverysatisfyingtothem. B.Theyconsideritatotallynewdog.C.Theyarequiteconcernedaboutit. D.Theydon’tthinkit’sasgoodasMarley.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对夫妇通过通过新技术克隆爱狗的故事。〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.A【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“AndMarleyallofasuddendarted(猛冲)frommeandhestartedclawingthegroundwhereAliciawasreachingforawalkingstick.AndIdidn’tknowwhatwashappening.Aliciakindoffellback.WhenIlookedmoreclosely,Isawthatitwasarattlesnake,”（马利突然从我身边跑开，在艾丽西娅伸手去拿拐杖的地方抓地。我不知道发生了什么。艾丽西娅有点退缩了。当我更仔细地看时，我发现那是一条响尾蛇）可知，马利突然的行为是因为它为主人察觉到了危险。故选C项。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“ForAlicia,whowasfourmonthspregnant,asnakebitecouldhavebeenadisaster.Thankfully,12-year-oldMarleyscaredthesnakeaway,andafewmonthslater,theTschirharts’firstdaughterMaddiewasborn.”（对于已经怀孕四个月的艾丽西娅来说，被蛇咬伤可能是一场灾难。谢天谢地，12岁的马利把蛇吓跑了，几个月后，奇尔哈特家的第一个女儿玛蒂出生了。）可知，第三段主要展示了这对夫妇非常感激这只狗。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“So,theTschirhartsturnedtoViaGenPets,ofAustin,Texas,acompanythathasclonedhundredsofpetsforamultitudeofgratefulowners.”（于是，奇尔哈特一家求助于德克萨斯州奥斯汀市的ViaGen宠物公司，这家公司已经克隆了数百只宠物，许多宠物主人对此表示感激。）可知，这对夫妇在马利死前决定通过新技术克隆狗。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据上文大卫和艾丽西娅对于马利的爱和最后一段“Marley’sclone,Ziggy,anenergeticyellowball.ButtoDavidandAlicia,he’snothinglessthanMarleyreborn.”（马利的克隆体，Ziggy，一个精力充沛的黄球。但对大卫和艾丽西娅来说，他就是马利的重生。）可知，他们对克隆的Ziggy很满意。故选A项。CThecandyweeat,theteawedrink,thelotionweusetheyalllikelycontainingredientsfromwildplants.Whilenaturalingredientscanbebeneficialtobuyers,thewaythoseplantsareharvestedcouldharmecosystems.InarecentUnitedNationsreport,medicinalplantexpertsrevealedtherisksbehindseveralofthem,includingBrazilnuts,frankincense,goldenseal,gumarabic,andlicorice.Plantderivatives（衍生物）inhouseholdproducts“sittheresomewhereinthemiddleoftheingredientslist”onproductlabels,oftengoingunnoticed,saysCaitlinSchindler,leadauthorofthereport.Evenifconsumersdotakenote,there’snoinformationaboutwhat’sinvolvedinobtainingorprocessingthederivatives.Manyoftheseplantsarethreatenedwithextinctionfromoverharvesting,diseaseandpests,climatechange,andhabitatloss.Theendangeredstateofmorethan20,000medicinalplantspecieshasneverbeenassessed,whichmeansit’simpossibletoknowwhethertheiruseissustainable.Meanwhile,thetradeinwildplantsisbooming.U.S.consumersspentmorethan$12.3billiononherbaldietarysupplementsin2021upmorethan9percentfrom2020.Wildplantshavebeenusedlocallyforcenturies,buttoday’sglobaldemandputsmanyatrisk.Andinternationalcustomersoftenhavenoideawheretheseproductsoriginate.Shouldconsumersstopbuyingtheproducts?No.Schindlersays,because“theingredientsarereallycriticaltoalotofpeople’slivelihoods.”Solutionsfortransformingthetradeinwildplantsarerootedinawareness.Thefirststepforconsumersisto“justnoticethatyou’rebuyingsomethingthathasawildingredient,”shesays.It’sgenerallysafertopurchaselocalproductsandsplurgeonmoreexpensiveones,ifpossible.Consumerscanalsolookfororganicandfair-tradecertifications.Variousprogramsevaluatewild-plantsupplychainsforsustainability,andmanycompaniesadvertisethesecertifications,eitherontheproductoronline.OneofthemostprominentisFairWild,whichassessesenvironmentalrisksandrecommendsbestsourcingpractices.Ifcertificationsaremissing,Schindlerencouragespeopletochallengecompaniestodobetter.“Untilbusinessesgetabitmorepressurefromconsumers,wewon’tseeanychangeshappening,”shesays.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutwildplantsaccordingtothereport?A.Theircurrentsituationisignored. B.Theyarelimitedonaglobalscale.C.Theyhavebeenevaluatedregularly. D.Theirprocessinformationisonthelabel.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“splurgeon”inparagraph5?A.Getridof. B.Spendmuchmoneyon.C.Payattentionto. D.Conductmanyexperimentson.10.Whyaretheorganicandfair-tradecertificationsvalued?A.Theyconfirmthequalityofthewildplants.B.Theyofferconsumersrightstoassesstheproducts.C.Theyensuretheuseofwildplantsatasteadylevel.D.Theyinspirecompaniestomakemoreadvertisements.11.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人们吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它们都可能含有来自野生植物的成分。但是这些成分被忽视了。同时介绍了了解这些成分的方法。〖答案〗8.A9.B10.C11.C【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Plantderivatives（衍生物）inhouseholdproducts“sittheresomewhereinthemiddleoftheingredientslist”onproductlabels,oftengoingunnoticed,saysCaitlinSchindler,leadauthorofthereport.”（该报告的主要作者凯特琳·辛德勒(CaitlinSchindler)说，家用产品中的植物衍生物“位于产品标签上成分表的中间位置”，经常被忽视。）可知，根据这篇报道，我们可以了解到关于野生植物它们的现状被忽视了。故选A项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“It’sgenerallysafertopurchaselocalproducts”（一般来说，如果可能的话，购买当地的产品）以及“moreexpensiveones”（更加昂贵的产品）可知，是把更多的钱花费在更加昂贵的产品上。故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Consumerscanalsolookfororganicandfair-tradecertifications.Variousprogramsevaluatewild-plantsupplychainsforsustainability,andmanycompaniesadvertisethesecertifications,eitherontheproductoronline.”（消费者还可以寻找有机和公平贸易认证。各种各样的项目评估野生植物供应链的可持续性，许多公司在产品上或网上宣传这些认证。）可知，为什么有机和公平贸易认证是有价值的是因为他们确保野生植物的使用在一个稳定的水平。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段主要讲了短文介绍了人们吃的糖果、喝的茶、用的乳液——它们都可能含有来自野生植物的成分、第二段、第三段和第四段讲了野生植物的成分被忽略的现状。第四五段和第六段告知读者应该如何了解商品中野生动物的成分。所以短文的结构为C选项。故选C项。DCrohn’sdiseaseisaconstantsourceoftroubleforsufferers.Thislong-termconditioniscommonlyfoundinthesmallintestine(肠)andthesymptomscanincludestomachaches,jointpainandweightloss.Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.Onecommoncauseofthecondition,whichaffectsasmanyas780,000Americans,isanoveractiveimmunesystemthatconsidersharmlessgutbacteriaasdangersandrespondsbyproducinginflammation(炎症).Thenewstudysuggeststhatadietrichinhealthyfatsandoilssuchascoconutoilorcocoabuttermayleadtospecificchangesingutbacteriathatcouldfightharmfulinflammation.AlthoughtheresearchwasconductedonmicewithaCrohn’s-likedisease,theresultsarethefirsttoshowhowhigh-fatdietscanchangegutbacteriatofightagainstinflammation,accordingtoleadauthorAlexanderRodriguez-Palacios,PhDandAssistantProfessorofMedicineatCWRU-M.Inthestudy,themicethatwerefedevenasmallamountofcoconutoilorcocoabutterwerefoundtohaveupto30percentfewertypesofgutbacteriaandlesssevereintestinalinflammationthanthosefedatypicaldiet.ThesefindingssuggestthattheremaybeabeneficialCrohn’sdiseasedietthatinvolvestakingin“good”fatsinnormalamounts.Patientscansubstitutethesegoodfatsforothersourcesintheirdiets,Dr.Rodriguez-Palaciosnotes.Humansandmicesharemanycommongeneticfeatures,andbyexaminingmice,scientistscangainvaluableunderstandingabouthowhumansfunction.However,humansmayrespondtodietarychangesdifferentlyandintheirownways.Forexample,notallso-calledgoodfatswillworkforallpatients,Dr.Rodriguez-Palaciospointsout.Heishopefulthatthedietcouldbebeneficialtoatleastsomepatients,anditwouldn’thavethesideeffectsandrisksthatcomewithmedicaltreatments.“Thetricknowwillbetoreallydiscoverwhatmakesafat‘good’or‘bad’forCrohn’spatients,”hesays.12.WhatcanbeinferredaboutCrohn’sdisease?A.It’samajorcauseofstomachaches. B.Itcandamageone’simmunesystem.C.It’sconsideredtobeaveryraredisease. D.Doctorshaven’tfoundagoodwaytotreatit.13.WhatcommonlyleadstoCrohn’sdisease?A.Thedietwithtoomuchfatandoil. B.Harmfulgutbacteriainthesmallintestine.C.Wrongresponseofthebodytogutbacteria. D.Poorimmunesystemweakenedbydiseases.14.What’simpliedinthelastparagraph?A.FurtherresearchisneededtohelptreatCrohn’sdisease.B.It’seasytofindgoodfatsforsufferersofCrohn’sdisease.C.CoconutoilcanreallyhelptreatCrohn’sdiseaseinhumans.D.Thestudy’sfindingsareuselesstosufferersofCrohn’sdisease.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.It’sdifficulttofindacureforCrohn’sdiseaseB.OnesimpledietchangemayhelpwithCrohn’sdiseaseC.ResearchershavefoundthecauseofCrohn’sdiseaseD.MoreAmericansaresufferingfromCrohn’sdisease【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一个简单的饮食改变可能有助于治疗克罗恩病。〖答案〗12.D13.C14.A15.B【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Crohn’sdiseaseisaconstantsourceoftroubleforsufferers.Thislong-termconditioniscommonlyfoundinthesmallintestine(肠)andthesymptomscanincludestomachaches,jointpainandweightloss.Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.”（克罗恩病一直给患者带来麻烦。这种长期疾病常见于小肠，症状包括胃痛、关节痛和体重减轻。一项新的研究表明，也许有一种方法可以通过改变饮食来控制这种难以治疗的疾病。）可知，医生还没有找到治疗疾病的好方法。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onecommoncauseofthecondition,whichaffectsasmanyas780,000Americans,isanoveractiveimmunesystemthatconsidersharmlessgutbacteriaasdangersandrespondsbyproducinginflammation(炎症).”（这种影响多达78万美国人的疾病的一个常见原因是过度活跃的免疫系统，它认为无害的肠道细菌是危险的，并以产生炎症作为回应。）可知，身体对肠道细菌的错误反应导致了疾病。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thetricknowwillbetoreallydiscoverwhatmakesafat‘good’or‘bad’forCrohn’spatients”（现在的诀窍是真正发现是什么让脂肪对克罗恩病患者‘好’或‘坏’）可知，需要进一步的研究来帮助治疗克罗恩病。故选A项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewstudysuggeststhattheremaybeawaytochangethediettotakecontrolofthisdifficult-to-treatdisease.”（一项新的研究表明，也许有一种方法可以通过改变饮食来控制这种难以治疗的疾病。）可知，短文介绍了一个简单的饮食改变可能有助于治疗克罗恩病。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Animalsdeservetoliveasafeandhealthylifeasmuchashumansdo.___16___Somepeopletrytogetprofitfromeverythingandsometimesanimalsbecomevictims.Itisvitalthatwetakeactiontoprotectanimals.Belowaresomesimplewaysinwhichwecanallcontributetowardstheprotectionofendangeredanimals.Spreadawareness.Onewaytoprotectendangeredanimalsistocreateawarenessaboutthem.___17___Havingseminars(研讨会)isanotherwayofcreatingawareness.Also,familiarizepeoplearoundyouwiththeimportanceoftheanimalsinyoursurroundings.Ourroutineactivitiesdirectlyorindirectlyinfluencetheirlifestyle.Drivecarefullyinforestareas.Itisimportanttowatchtheroadwhenyouaregoingthroughroadsinforestareas.Manyanimalsdiewhiletryingtocrosstheroadbecausepeopledonotpayattentiontothem.___18___Avoidplasticitems.Doyouknowwhathappenstoaplasticbagthrownintoariver?___19___Plasticisabigthreattowildlife.Andwehavetoreducetheoverconsumptionoflife-threateningproductstoprotecttheendangeredspecies.Preventplasticitemssuchasbagsandcontainers.Shopinahandmadewovenbagandrecycletheboxes.___20___Asavolunteer,youcanoffersupporttoanimalrescueteamsinyourarea.Suchorganizationsarealwaysshortoffundsandarelookingforanimalloverstosupportthecause.Spendingaportionofyourdailyorweeklyscheduleisonesteptowardssavingwildlifeandprotectingendangeredspecies.A.Changeyourregularroutine.B.So,wehighlysuggestcarefuluseofwater.C.Spendtimerescuinganimalsinyourlocality.D.Sadly,thisdoesnothaveuniversalacceptance.E.Sowecansavetheirlivesbybeingmorecareful.F.Itisprobablyeatenbyanadultturtle,chokingittodeath.G.Youcancreatelocalcommunitygroupsthatworkforthiscause.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了保护濒危动物的一些方法。〖答案〗16.D17.G18.E19.F20.C【16题详析】根据上文“Animalsdeservetoliveasafeandhealthylifeasmuchashumansdo.”（动物应该和人类一样过上安全健康的生活。）根据下文“Somepeopletrytogetprofitfromeverythingandsometimesanimalsbecomevictims.”（有些人试图从一切中获利，有时动物成为受害者。）可知，上文的观念没有得到普遍的认可。故D选项“遗憾的是，这并没有得到普遍的认可。”切题。故选D项。【17题详析】根据下文“Havingseminars(研讨会 )isanotherwayofcreatingawareness.”（举办研讨会是另一种提高意识的方式）可知，上文与下文为并列关系，说明提高意识的做法。故G选项“你可以创建当地的社区团体，为这个事业而努力”切题。故选G项。【18题详析】根据标题“Drivecarefullyinforestareas.”（在森林地区开车要小心），再根据上文“Manyanimalsdiewhiletryingtocrosstheroadbecausepeopledonotpayattentiontothem.”（许多动物在试图过马路时死亡，因为人们没有注意到它们。）可知，选项承接上文说明我们得小心驾驶可以挽救动物的生命。故E选项“所以我们可以通过更加小心来挽救他们的生命。”切题。故选E项。【19题详析】根据上文“Doyouknowwhathappenstoaplasticbagthrownintoariver?”（你知道把塑料袋扔进河里会发生什么吗?）根据下文“Plasticisabigthreattowildlife.”（塑料是野生动物的一大威胁）可知，空处说明塑料对动物的具体伤害。故F选项“它很可能被一只成年乌龟吃掉，海龟活活噎死。”切题。故选F项。【20题详析】根据下文“Asavolunteer,youcanoffersupporttoanimalrescueteamsinyourarea.Suchorganizationsarealwaysshortoffundsandarelookingforanimalloverstosupportthecause.”（作为一名志愿者，你可以为你所在地区的动物救援队提供支持。这些组织总是缺乏资金，正在寻找动物爱好者来支持这项事业。）可知，本段告诉我们要花时间拯救你所在地区的动物。故C选项“要花时间拯救你所在地区的动物。”切题，为本段的主题句。故选C项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AsIstoodatthecrossroads,themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthe___21___mountain?Believeitornot,I,aWesternfemale,___22___it.IexplainedthatIhadbeen___23___forsometime.IstressedthatIwould___24___theirlocaltraditionsandhiresomevillagersasguides,butitseemedtodolittletoeasetheir___25___.ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthatwould___26___mewhole,emphasizingthatthiswouldcertainlybemyfategivenmysmall___27___.Thevillagewomen,ontheotherhand,smiledatme,andafewwomen___28___theirarms.Afterwitnessingthesupportand___29___voicesofthem,themenagreedtothearrangementthatseemedtoputthem___30___withmyclimb.AsImademywaytowardthemountain,Iwas___31___notonlybymynewsupport___32___，butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.IknewIwasn’tthefirstWesternfemaletomaketheclimb,andIcertainlywouldn’tbethelast.Butwiththewomenvillagers___33___accompanyingme,Ifeltanoverwhelmingsenseofcollective___34___.Thegreatestriskisnottakingarisk,andweshouldalways___35___ourdreams.21.A.dangerous B.famous C.distant D.bare22.A.hit B.made C.remembered D.broke23.A.searching B.standing C.caring D.preparing24.A.enrich B.keep C.simplify D.change25.A.stress B.anger C.services D.concerns26.A.lift B.swallow C.attack D.stretch27.A.size B.strength C.ambition D.effort28.A.raised B.hid C.touched D.crossed29.A.unusual B.active C.steady D.urgent30.A.atease B.onpurpose C.bychance D.inpublic31.A.offered B.afforded C.assessed D.joined32.A.team B.base C.situation D.atmosphere33.A.particularly B.proudly C.seriously D.secretly34.A.challenge B.judgment C.accomplishment D.responsibility35.A.consult B.accompany C.interpret D.follow【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了一位女士攀登险山并受到当地女村民支持的故事。故事告诉我们：人生中最大的危险是不敢冒险，我们应该勇于追逐自己的梦想。〖答案〗21.A22.B23.D24.B25.D26.B27.A28.A29.B30.A31.D32.A33.B34.C35.D【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我站在十字路口时，男村民都问了同样的问题：我确定我想爬那座危险的山吗？A.dangerous危险的；B.famous著名的；C.distant遥远的；D.bare光秃秃的。根据下文“ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthat”可知，这是座危险的高山。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信不信由你，我，一个西方女性，成功了。A.hit击打；B.made使成功；C.remembered记得；D.broke打碎。根据前文“themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthedangerousmountain?”可知，当地的男性居民都问了作者相同的问题，是否确定要爬这座危险的高山，所以后文应该是信不信由你，作者作为一个西方女性，成功了。故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释说我已经准备了一段时间。A.searching搜索；B.standing站立；C.caring照顾；D.preparing准备。根据前文“themalevillagersallaskedthesamequestion:WasIsureIwantedtoclimbthedangerousmountain?”可知，当地的男性居民都问了作者相同的问题，是否确定要爬这座危险的高山，所以为了打消当地村民的疑虑，作者解释自己已经准备了一段时间。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强调，我会遵循他们当地的传统，并聘请一些村民作为导游，但这似乎无助于缓解他们的担忧。A.enrich丰富；B.keep保留；C.simplify简化；D.change改变。根据下文的“theirlocaltraditions”可知，此处指作者会遵从当地的传统。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我强调，我会遵循他们当地的传统，并聘请一些村民作为导游，但这似乎无助于缓解他们的担忧。A.stress压力；B.anger愤怒；C.services服务；D.concerns担忧。根据下文的“ThemalevillagerstoldmethatIwouldencounterquickmudthatwould______mewhole,emphasizingthatthiswouldcertainlybemyfategivenmysmallsize.”可知，村民们担心作者的安全。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男性村民告诉我，我会遇到快速的泥浆，会把我整个吞下，并强调这肯定是我的命运，因为我的体型很小。A.lift提起；B.swallow吞没；C.attack袭击；D.stretch伸展。根据“quickmud”和常识可知，泥浆缠住人后，可能会迅速将人吞没。故选B项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：男性村民告诉我，我会遇到快速的泥浆，会把我整个吞下，并强调这肯定是我的命运，因为我的体型很小。A.size体型；B.strength力量；C.ambition野心；D.effort努力。作者是个女性，体型应该偏小，因此泥浆应该会更轻易地吞没作者。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，村里的妇女对我微笑，一些妇女举起了手臂。A.raised举起；B.hid隐藏；C.touched触摸；D.crossed交叉。根据下文“Afterwitnessingthesupport”可知，女性村民支持作者，所以她们举起手臂。故选A项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在目睹了她们的支持和积极的声音后，这些男性村民同意了这一安排，这似乎让他们对我的攀登感到放心。A.unusual不寻常的；B.active积极的；C.steady稳步的；D.urgent紧急的。根据上文“Afterwitnessingthesupport”可知，女性村民支持作者的想法，由此推知，她们的态度很积极。故选B项。【30题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意同上。A.atease自由自在，放松；B.onpurpose故意地；C.bychance偶然地；D.inpublic公开地。根据上文可知，听取了女性村民的意见后，男性村民同意了一个协定，这协定似乎让他们对作者登山一事放心了，putsbatease意为“使某人放松”。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走向山的时候，不仅我的新支援队也加入了我的行列，还有每一位乡村妇女。A.offered主动提供；B.afforded支付得起；C.assessed评估；D.joined加入。根据前文的“hiresomevillagersasguides”可知，作者会雇用当地居民，故推测作者会有一个援助团队加入。故选D项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向山的时候，不仅我的新支援队也加入了我的行列，还有每一位乡村妇女。A.team团队；B.base基础；C.situation情形；D.atmosphere氛围。根据前文的“hiresomevillagersasguides”可知，作者会雇用当地居民，故推测作者会有一个援助团队加入。故选A项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但有女村民自豪地陪伴着我，我感到了一种压倒性的集体成就感。A.particularly特殊地；B.proudly骄傲地；C.seriously严肃地；D.secretly秘密地。根据前文的“Thevillagewomen,ontheotherhand,smiledatme,andafewwomen theirarms.”和“butalsobyeveryvillagewoman.”可知，当作者走向山的时候，妇女们骄傲地和作者走在一起。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.challenge挑战；B.judgment判断；C.accomplishment成就；D.responsibility责任。根据前文的“Butwiththewomenvillagersaccompanyingme,”可知，作者有了村民们陪在身边，组成了一个团队，因此作者感到了集体成就感。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最大的风险是不敢冒险，我们应该永远追随我们的梦想。A.consult咨询；B.accompany陪伴；C.interpret口译；D.follow追随。根据全文可知，人生中最大的危险是不敢冒险，我们应该勇于追逐自己的梦想。故选D项。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WithitstypicalwoodenbuildingstyleoftheTujiapeoplewell-spacedandwell-preserved,ShiyanpingVillageisattractive.TheseancientbuildingsdatebacktotheMingandQing___36___(dynasty).Inthevillage,traditionalTujiaculturecontinuestodevelopwellwithitsdistinctstiltedhomesandothercharacteristics___37___haveexistedhereforcenturies.However,urbanizationhasposedathreat___38___boththeoriginalTujiacultureandthepreservationoftraditionalhomes.___39___(previous),themajorityofthevillagerswentouttowork,___40___(leave)thewoodenhousesunoccupied.Theyallwantedtoreturnandhavetheirbrickhouses___41___(rebuild)oncetheyhadsavedenoughmoney,althoughtheywerepersuadedtopreservethefoundationsofTujiaculture.Inthepast,theywereunawareoftheculturalvalueoftheTujiahouses,andsought___42___(turn)theirancestralsheltersintomoreattractivelargehousesratherthankeepingthetraditionalstyle.In2013,___43___ancientarchitecturecomplexinShiyanpingwasrecognizedasoneofthenation’smajorhistoricalandculturalsites.Theidea___44___peopleshouldprotectnationalculturalrelicshasevenbeenwrittenintothefirstarticleofthevillagerules.Inrecentyears,thevillage’suniquebuildingcomplex,aswellasotherTujiaculturalactivities,____45____(attract)asteadystreamoftourists.Meanwhile,manyyoungpeoplehavecomebacktotheirhometowntostarttheirownbusinessduetotherisingtourism.ShiyanpingVillageisbeinggivenanewlife.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了石岩坪村以其典型的土家族木结构建筑风格，布局合理，保存完好，十分吸引人。〖答案〗36.dynasties37.that##which38.to39.Previously40.leaving41.rebuilt42.toturn43.the44.that45.hasattracted【36题详析】考查名词复数。句意：这些古建筑可以追溯到明清时期。指明清两个朝代，用复数形式作宾语。故填dynasties。【37题详析】考查定语从句。句意：在村子里，传统的土家族文化以其独特的吊脚楼和其他几个世纪以来一直存在的特征继续发展。分析句子可知，先行词为homesandothercharacteristics，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。【38题详析】考查介词。句意：然而，城市化对原始土家族文化和传统民居的保护都构成了威胁。poseathreatto“对……构成威胁”。故填to。【39题详析】考查副词。句意：以前，大多数村民外出工作，留下木屋无人居住。副词作状语，修饰整个句子，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Previously。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：以前，大多数村民外出工作，留下木屋无人居住。分析句子可知，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有人劝他们保留土家族文化的根基，但他们都想攒够钱后回去重建自己的砖房。分析句子可知，brickhouses与rebuild为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填rebuilt。【42题详析】考查动词不定式。句意：在过去，他们没有意识到土家房屋的文化价值，并试图将他们的祖屋变成更有吸引力的大房子，而不是保持传统的风格。seektodosth“试图做某事”。故填toturn。【43题详析】考查冠词。句意：2013年，十堰坪古建筑群被认定为国家重要历史文化遗址之一。特指十堰坪古建筑群，用定冠词the，置于句首，首字母大写。故填the。【44题详析】考查连接词。句意：人们应该保护国家文物的想法甚至被写进了村规的第一条。空处为同位语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。【45题详析】考查时态。句意：近年来，该村独特的建筑群以及其他土家族文化活动吸引了源源不断的游客。根据“Inrecentyears”可知，本句为现在完成时，aswellas连接并列主语，用“就前原则”，主语

thevillage’suniquebuildingcomplex为单数，助动词用has。故填hasattracted。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是校英语报记者，高三全体学生于上周四参加