福建省厦门市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省厦门市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语质检卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1．Whyisthewomanupset?A．Shehasahandinjury.B．Herfriendwillmoveoutsoon.C．Herfriendcan’thelpwiththemove.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisahousewife.B．Sheenjoysthework.C．Shehasalotofsparetime.3．Whatisspecialaboutthisyear’sceremony?A．Studentssangtwosongs.B．Studentswrotethesongs.C．Studentsplayedthemusic.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheresultoftheinterview?A．Amusing.B．Surprising.C．Disappointing.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theweather.B．Thegirl’saunt.C．Thegirl’sclassmate.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whywillthewomanbeabsentfromthefamilyreunion?A．Shehasatimeconflict.B．Shedoesn’twanttomeetBill.C．Shedidn’treceivetheinvitation.7．Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A．Spendtimewiththewoman.B．Clearupamisunderstanding.C．SettledowninNewYork.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．HowdoesSamfeelnow?A．Relaxed.B．Depressed.C．Satisfied.9．Whatwillthewomando?A．CallSam.B．Visittheman.C．Takeanexam.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatkindoflifedidthemanlive?A．Colorful.B．Stressful.C．Peaceful.11．Whathelpsthewomanfixmildproblems?A．Sharing.B．Stayingcalm.C．Keepinghonest.12．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Liveinthevillage.B．Changehisjob.C．Balanceworkandhealth.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Cousins.B．Friends.C．Neighbors.14．Whichfloordoesthewomanliveon?A．The3rdfloor.B．The4thfloor.C．The5thfloor.15．Howoftenistherooftoppartyheld?A．Daily.B．Weekly.C．Monthly.16．Whohelpedthewomanmovethings?A．Amover.B．Paul.C．Herbrother.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Airingapieceofnews.B．Promotingcoolingdevices.C．Announcingresearchresults.18．Whatwillprobablyhappennextweek?A．Theweatherwillgetwarmer.B．Theelectricitycostwillincrease.C．Theelectricitydemandwilldecrease.19．Whatpercentageofenergymayimproveddevicessave?A．30%.B．20%.C．10%.20．Whatisthespeaker’ssuggestion?A．Poweringoffunuseddevices.B．Contactingtheindustryexperts.C．Replacingtheuseddevices.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFoodbookscanbringaculturetolife.Thefollowingfoodbooksareburstingwithdeliciousfood,aswellasentertainingandengagingstorytelling.PierreThiam’slatestbookaimstoshareeveryday,easy-to-cookrecipeslikebakedginger-chiliplantainkelewele.HeexplainshowsomanydishesandingredientsfromtheAmericanSouthandotherregionscantracetheirorigintoWestAfrica.The80recipesareaccessibleandpresentarangeoftraditionalandmoderntakesonthecuisine.FuchsiaDunlop’sbookexaminesclassicChinesedishes,likemapotofu,soupdumplingsandDongpopork.Thisbookincludeshistory,philosophy,cookingtechniques,andDunlop’son-the-groundresearchconductedoverthreedecadestopresentafascinatingexplorationofthisever-changingcuisine.TamarAdlerseekstomakeleftoversmoreappealingandlowerfoodwasteintheprocesswithherlatestbook,whichcontainsaround1,500recipes.Thisisn’twhatyou’dcallabeautifulcoffeetable-stylecookbook—it’spracticalandthecreativesecretswithinaretrulymind-blowing.NatashaPickowiczisaninnovativechef.MoreThanCakeisherfirstcookbook,fullofinvaluabletipslikehowtobuildalayer(层)cake.Asidefromgreatbakingrecipes,thiscookbooktriestoliveuptoitsnamebysharinghowbakingcanprovidesomuchmorethanjusttastysweets—itcangivecommunity,purpose,joyandlove.1.WhoexploresChinesefoodcultureinthecookbook?A.PierreThiam. B.FuchsiaDunlop.C.TamarAdler. D.NatashaPickowicz.2.WhatdoSimplyWestAfricanandTheEverlastingMealCookbookhaveincommon?A.Theyarethewriters’latestbooks. B.Theyadvocatelowerfoodwaste.C.Theyhavethesamenumberofrecipes. D.TheyaimtoshareWestAfricandishes.3.Whichbookfavorscake-bakinglovers?A.SimplyWestAfrican. B.InvitationtoaBanquet.C.TheEverlastingMealCookbook. D.MoreThanCake.〖答案〗1.B2.A3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。美食书籍可以将一种文化带入生活。文章介绍了几本美食书，里面充满了美味的食物，以及有趣和引人入胜的故事。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“FuchsiaDunlop’sbookexaminesclassicChinesedishes,likemapotofu,soupdumplingsandDongpopork.(FuchsiaDunlop的书探讨了麻婆豆腐、汤团和东坡肉等经典中国菜肴)”可知，FuchsiaDunlop在这本烹饪书中探索中国饮食文化。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“PierreThiam’slatestbookaimstoshareeveryday,easy-to-cookrecipeslikebakedginger-chiliplantainkelewele.(PierreThiam的新书旨在分享日常、容易烹饪的食谱，比如烤姜椒大蕉炖菜)”及“TamarAdlerseekstomakeleftoversmoreappealingandlowerfoodwasteintheprocesswithherlatestbook,whichcontainsaround1,500recipes.(TamarAdler在她的新书中试图让剩菜更有吸引力，并在这个过程中减少食物浪费，这本书包含了大约1500种食谱)”可知，SimplyWestAfrican和TheEverlastingMealCookbook的共同特点是他们都是作者最新的书籍。故选A线【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一本书中的“MoreThanCakeisherfirstcookbook,fullofinvaluabletipslikehowtobuildalayer(层)cake(MoreThanCake是她的第一本烹饪书，里面有很多宝贵的技巧，比如如何制作层蛋糕)”可知，蛋糕烘焙爱好者青睐于MoreThanCake。故填D项。BThelivingroomiscleared.Thehosttapsawineglasswithaknife,andpeoplefilein,fillingthesofasandchairsthatarepushedupagainstthewalls.Sooneveryseatinthehouseistaken,andabottleofschnappsispassedaround.LyonHansen,whominutesbeforewasknockingaboutinthekitchen,walksoverandpicksupaguitarandstartstoplay.Hoymahasbegun.Foronenight,homeownersprimarilyinSydrugota,asmalltownontheFaroeIslands,opentheirdoors,invitingfriends,familyandtouristsintoenjoyintimate(亲密的)concertsbylocalartists.Thetraditiondatesbacknearly500yearstoatimewhenFaroeselifehadtomoveundergroundduetoDanishrule.Thecultureandthelanguagewaskeptaliveinpeople’slivingrooms,wheretheygatheredtosingandtellstories.ThemodernHoymaconcertseriesstartedasanoffshoot(分支)oftheG!Festival,anannualmusicaleventonthebeachesofEysturoyeverysummersince2002.Around2007,G!Festival’screatorJónTyril,exhaustedbyalltheredtape(繁文缛节)thatcamewithputtingonabigmusicfestival,startedtodreamalittlesmaller.Specifically,hestartedtothinkabouttinyconcertsheldinlivingrooms—nosoundsystemsorspotlights,theaudiencemadeupofasmanypeopleascanfitinsideahouse.Theidearesoundedinhismind,notonlybecauseitdidn’tinvolveanyheavylifting,physicallyormentally,butalsobecauseitwentbacktothelongstandingFaroesetradition.Since2007,Hoymahasfeatured20concertsintendifferentfamilyhomesinSydrugota.ForLaksá,hostingtheconcertsisnotonlyfun,butawaytogiveback,andtoensuretheislandssurviveinthemodernworld.Asinmanyfamilies,herdaughtersgrewupandlefttheFaroes.“TheystudiedintheU.K.fornineyears,butbothcameback,”shesays.“IactuallythinkthatHoymaispartlythereasonwhymanychildrenfromthisvillagethatgoabroadcomeback.Theyareproudofit.”4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Bypresentingascene. B.Byevaluatinganargument.C.Byclarifyingaconcept. D.Bymakinganassumption.5.WhencanthetraditionofHoymabetracedto?A.AstagewhentheG!FestivalwasneededbytheFaroese.B.Aperiodwhenonlylocalartistswereallowedtoperform.C.Anoccasionwhenpeoplecelebratedtheencounterswithtourists.D.AtimewhenfreedomoftheFaroesewaslimitedbecauseofDanishrule.6.WhatdoesJónTyrilthinkofhomeconcerts?A.Economicalandvaried. B.Convenientandentirelyoriginal.C.Accessibleandprofitable. D.Simpleandculturallyattached.7.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningLaksáandherdaughters?A.Hoymacontributestothesurvivaloftheislands.B.Hoymareflectstheaffectionbetweenmotherandchildren.C.Hoymaisgainingpopularityacrosstheglobeinmoderntimes.D.Hoymabecomesentertainingwiththeinvolvementoftheyoung.〖答案〗4.A5.D6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了法罗群岛的小型家庭音乐会——Hoyma音乐会。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thelivingroomiscleared.Thehosttapsawineglasswithaknife,andpeoplefilein,fillingthesofasandchairsthatarepushedupagainstthewalls.Sooneveryseatinthehouseistaken,andabottleofschnappsispassedaround.LyonHansen,whominutesbeforewasknockingaboutinthekitchen,walksoverandpicksupaguitarandstartstoplay.Hoymahasbegun.(客厅被清空了。主人用刀敲了敲酒杯，人们鱼贯而入，填满了靠墙的沙发和椅子。很快，房子里的每个座位都被占满了，一瓶杜松子酒被传来传去。几分钟前正在厨房里闲逛的LyonHansen走了过来，拿起吉他开始演奏。Hoyma已经开始了。)”可知，第一段描写了一场Hoyma小型家庭音乐会开始的场景，从而引出本文要谈论的对象——Hoyma音乐会。故填A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thetraditiondatesbacknearly500yearstoatimewhenFaroeselifehadtomoveundergroundduetoDanishrule.(这一传统可以追溯到近500年前，当时由于丹麦的统治，法罗群岛的生活不得不转入地下。)”可知，Hoyma音乐会的传统可以追溯到丹麦统治时期，当时法罗群岛的人们被限制了自由，不得不转入地下。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Specifically,hestartedtothinkabouttinyconcertsheldinlivingrooms—nosoundsystemsorspotlights,theaudiencemadeupofasmanypeopleascanfitinsideahouse.Theidearesoundedinhismind,notonlybecauseitdidn’tinvolveanyheavylifting,physicallyormentally,butalsobecauseitwentbacktothelongstandingFaroesetradition.(具体来说，他开始考虑在客厅里举行的小型音乐会——没有音响系统或聚光灯，观众由可容纳进房子的尽可能多的人组成。这个想法在他的脑海中回响，不仅因为它不涉及任何身体或精神上吃力的工作，还因为它回到了长期的法罗群岛传统。)”可知，JónTyril考虑到了家庭音乐会的简单和文化相关性。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Laksá,hostingtheconcertsisnotonlyfun,butawaytogiveback,andtoensuretheislandssurviveinthemodernworld.Asinmanyfamilies,herdaughtersgrewupandlefttheFaroes.‘TheystudiedintheU.K.fornineyears,butbothcameback,’shesays.‘IactuallythinkthatHoymaispartlythereasonwhymanychildrenfromthisvillagethatgoabroadcomeback.Theyareproudofit.’(对Laksá来说，举办音乐会不仅很有趣，也是一种回馈和确保这些岛屿在现代世界中生存下来的方式。和许多家庭一样，她的女儿们长大后离开了法罗群岛。‘他们在英国学习了九年，但都回来了，’她说。‘事实上，我认为Hoyma是这个村庄许多出国的孩子回来的部分原因。他们为此感到骄傲。’)”可知，Laksá认为举办Hoyma音乐会不仅很有趣，也是一种回馈和确保这些岛屿在现代世界中生存下来的方式，并讲述了她的女儿们出国留学后又回到法罗群岛的事情，认为这与Hoyma有密切的关系，由此可推测出，作者提到Laksá和女儿们的事情是为了表明Hoyma帮助法罗群岛在现代生活中生存下来。故选A。CWhenIfirstmetNaoJunior,hewasinhis40sandoneofonlyninemembersofhisIndigenous(土著的)group,GreatAndamanese,whostillspoketheidiomofhisancestors.Asalanguagespecialist,Ihadresearchedmorethan80Indianlanguages.IwasontheislandstodocumenttheirIndigenousvoicesbeforetheyfadedintowhispers.Wordsinthislanguageconsistedoftwoclasses:freeandbound.Thefreewordswereallnounsthatreferredtotheenvironmentanditsinhabitants,suchasrafor“pig”.Theycouldoccuralone.Theboundwordswerenouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsthatalwaysexistedwithmarkersindicatingarelationtootherobjects,eventsorstates.Themarkerscamefromsevenzonesofthebodyandwereattachedtoarootwordtodescribeconceptssuchas“inside”,“outside”,“upper”and“lower”.Forexample,themorpheme(词素)er-,whichqualifiedmostanythinghavingtodowithanouterbodypart,couldbestuckto-chotoyieldercho,meaning“head”.Justasahead,aboundword,couldnotconceptuallyexistonitsown,themodeandeffectofanactioncouldnotbedividedfromtheverbdescribingtheaction.GreatAndamanesehadnowordsforagriculturebutagreatmanyforhuntingandfishing,mainlywithabowandarrow.Thus,therootwordshile,meaning“toaim”,hadseveralversions:utshile,toaimfromabove;arashile,toaimfromadistance;andeshile,aimingtomakeaholewithasharpobject.Thestudiesestablishedthatthelanguageseemstobetrulyoldinorigin.Inamultistageprocessofdevelopment,wordsdescribingdiversebodypartshadchangedintomorphemesreferringtodifferentzonesandcombinedwithcontentwordstoyieldmeaning.Thestructurealoneprovidesaninsightintoanancientworldviewinwhichthemacrocosm(宏观世界)reflectsthemicrocosm,andeverythingthatisorthathappensinseparablyconnectstoeverythingelse.8.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor’sstayontheislands?A.Tomeetwithanoldfriend. B.ToteachIndigenousidioms.C.Torecordanancientlanguage. D.Totraceherancestors.9.“Aimatapig’sheadfromafar”inGreatAndamanesemaybe______.A.Arashileraercho B.ArashileerchoC.Eshileercho D.Eshileraercho10.WhatcanweinferfromtheverbsinGreatAndamanese?A.Averbcoulddescribemorethanoneaction. B.Someoftheverbscouldbeusedontheirown.C.Thelocalsprobablyliveoffseafoodandmeat. D.Thetoolsusedinpeople’sdailylifearediverse.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.GreatAndamaneseistheoriginofmultiplelanguages.B.GreatAndamaneseisadoorwaytotheancientwisdom.C.GreatAndamanesetellsthedevelopmentofthecommunity.D.HumanbodyshapesGreatAndamanese’suniqueworldview.〖答案〗8.C9.A10.C11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过描述大安达曼人语言中的词汇分类、词根和词缀的组合方式，展现了这种语言背后蕴含的丰富文化和历史内涵。同时，强调了对土著语言和文化遗产的保护和重视的重要性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Asalanguagespecialist,Ihadresearchedmorethan80Indianlanguages.IwasontheislandstodocumenttheirIndigenousvoicesbeforetheyfadedintowhispers.(作为一名语言专家，我研究了80多种印度语言。我在岛上记录土著居民的声音，直到他它们渐渐消失。)”可知，作者在岛上停留的目的是记录一种古老的语言。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“suchas

ra

for“pig”(比如ra代表“猪”)

”和“ercho,meaning“head”(ercho意思是“头”)

”和第三段的“arashile,toaimfromadistance(Arashile表示“从远处瞄准”)”可知，“Aimatapig’sheadfromafar(从远处瞄准猪头)”在大安达曼语中对应的是Arashileraercho。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“GreatAndamanesehadnowordsforagriculturebutagreatmanyforhuntingandfishing.

(大安达曼人没有关于农业的词汇，但有很多关于狩猎和捕鱼的词汇。)”可知，当地人可能以海鲜和肉类为生。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“Thestudiesestablishedthatthelanguageseemstobetrulyoldinorigin.Inamultistageprocessofdevelopment,wordsdescribingdiversebodypartshadchangedintomorphemesreferringtodifferentzonesandcombinedwithcontentwordstoyieldmeaning.Thestructurealoneprovidesaninsightintoanancientworldviewinwhichthemacrocosmreflectsthemicrocosm,andeverythingthatisorthathappensinseparablyconnectstoeverythingelse.(这些研究证实，这种语言的起源似乎真的很古老。在一个多阶段的发展过程中，描述不同身体部位的词语变成了指代不同区域的语素，并与实义词结合产生意义。这个结构本身就提供了一种对古代世界观的洞察，在这种世界观中，宏观世界反映了微观世界，所有存在或发生的事情都与其他事物不可分割地联系在一起。)”可知，本段主要讲的是通过研究大安达曼语可以发现古代的世界观，即打开古老智慧的大门。故选B。DAworkingsemiconductor(半导体)hasbeencreatedfromgraphene(石墨烯),potentiallylayingthefoundationforanewtypeofcomputerwithgreaterspeedandefficiencythantoday’ssiliconchips(硅基芯片)allow.Graphene,amaterialmadefromasinglelayerofcarbonatoms,isagoodelectricalconductorresistanttoheatandacids.Butaworkinggraphenesemiconductorwhichcanbecontrolledtoconductorseparateelectricityatwill,hasevadedscientists.Suchsemiconductorsarekeytocreatingthelogicchipsthatpowercomputers.Theproblemhasbeenthelackofwhatisknownasabandgap.Semiconductorshavebandsofhigherandlowerenergiesandapoint—thebandgap—atwhichexcitedelectronscanjumpfromonetotheother.Thiseffectivelyallowstheflowofcurrenttobeswitchedonandoff,soitiseitherconductingornotconducting,creatingthebinarysystemofzeroesandonesusedindigitalcomputers.Now,WalterdeHeerattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyandhiscolleagueshavecreatedgraphenewithabandgapanddemonstratedaworkingtransistor,anon/offswitchthateitherpreventsorallowscurrenttoflowthroughit.DeHeersaidtheelectricalpropertiesofagraphenesemiconductorwerefarbetterthanthoseofsiliconchips.“It’slikedrivingonarockyroadversusdrivingonafreeway,”hesaid.Siliconchipsarecheaptomakeandbackedbyextensiveproductionfacilities,butwearereachingtheirlimits.Moore’slawstatesthenumberoftransistorsinacircuitwilldoubleroughlyeverytwoyears,buttherateofdownsizinghasslowedrecentlyasengineersreachcircuitconcentrationbeyondwhichelectronscan’tbereliablycontrolled.“Youcanuseallthetechnologythewholesemiconductorindustryistotallycomfortablewithtoscaleupthisprocess,”saysDavidCareyattheUniversityofSurrey,UK.Buthesuspectstheworldwillsoonshifttographenechips,becausesiliconhassuchaheadstart.“Mostpeopleworkingonsiliconarebombeddailybynew,wonderfulmaterialsthatareabouttoreplaceitandnoneofit’severhappened,”hesays.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evaded”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Surprised. B.Attracted. C.Annoyed. D.Puzzled.13.Whyisabandgapcrucial?A.Itexcitesthejumpofelectrons. B.Itcreatesthesystemofzerosandones.C.Itbalancesthehigherandlowerenergies. D.Itallowstheonandoffofthecurrentflow.14.Whatadvantagemightgraphenesemiconductorhaveoversiliconchips?A.Superiorelectricalcharacteristics. B.Strongerproductionsupport.C.Lowerdevelopmentcost. D.Slowerdownsizingrate.15.WhatmaybeDavid’sattitudetographenechips’applicationinthenearfuture?A.Uncaring. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Disapproving.〖答案〗12.D13.D14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家已经创造出了由石墨烯制成的功能半导体，这可能为未来开发速度更快、效率更高的新型计算机奠定基础。【12题详析】词义猜测题。But前后表示转折，根据前一句“Graphene,amaterialmadefromasinglelayerofcarbonatoms,isagoodelectricalconductorresistanttoheatandacids.(石墨烯是一种由单层碳原子制成的材料，是一种耐热耐酸的良好导电体)”可知，前面讲述了石墨烯的特征和作为导电体的良好性能，所以后文应讲述石墨烯一直以来没有被开发成导电体的问题，再结合第三段中的“Theproblemhasbeenthelackofwhatisknownasabandgap.(问题是缺乏所谓的带隙)”可推知，由于带隙的问题，这种可以随意被控制导电或断电的功能石墨烯半导体难倒了科学家。evade意为“使难倒”，与puzzle(使困惑)意思最接近。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Semiconductorshavebandsofhigherandlowerenergiesandapoint—thebandgap—atwhichexcitedelectronscanjumpfromonetotheother.Thiseffectivelyallowstheflowofcurrenttobeswitchedonandoff,soitiseitherconductingornotconducting,creatingthebinarysystemofzeroesandonesusedindigitalcomputers.(半导体有较高和较低能量的带，还有一个点——带隙——在这个点上，被激发的电子可以从一个带跳到另一个带。这有效地允许电流的开启和关闭，因此它要么导通，要么不导通，从而创建了数字计算机中使用的零和一的二进制系统)”可知，带隙能够让被激发的电子从一个带跳到另一个带，可以有效地允许电流的开启和关闭，因此它非常关键。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“DeHeersaidtheelectricalpropertiesofagraphenesemiconductorwerefarbetterthanthoseofsiliconchips.(DeHeer说，石墨烯半导体的电学性能远好于硅芯片)”可知，石墨烯半导体比硅芯片有更好的电学性能。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Buthesuspectstheworldwillsoonshifttographenechips,becausesiliconhassuchaheadstart.(但他怀疑世界很快就会转向石墨烯芯片，因为硅有如此领先的优势)”可推测出，对于不久的将来石墨烯芯片得到应用的可能性，他持怀疑态度。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughmanyofusmayacceptintheorythatfailureisanecessarycomponentofalllearningandgrowth,inpractice,___16___.Wemayknowthatweneedagrowthmindsetinordertodevelop,butfailureremainsanexperiencethatisoftenassociatedwithshame.Therearevariousreasonswhywemayfearfailure.___17___.Whenwefailatsomething,ourself-imagesuffers.Wemayfeelworthless,andwemaycriticizeourselvesforourfailure.Ifwefailpublicly,ourfailurewillbevisibletoothers.Wemayfearotherpeople’sjudgment.Wemayfearthatourfailurewillimpactorendourcareer,orelsethatitwilldamageourfame.How,then,canweovercomeourfearoffailuresothatwecantrulybenefitfromwhatfailinghastoteachus?___18___.Remindingyourselfthatthereisnogrowthwithoutfailure—nolearning,nodevelopment,nonewexperiences—canhelpyouseewhatyoudislikeinanewlight.Beopentolearningfromfailureforoveralldevelopment.___19___.Trytolearnanewskillorhobby—asport,cooking,dancing,drawing,playinganinstrument—andbekindtoyourselfinthelearningprocess.Mindfullyallowyourselftofail,totryagain,tofailagainbutbetter,andtryagain,untilyougetsomewhere.Keepalittlediaryinwhichyourecordwhatyourfailureshavetaughtyou.Insteadoffeelingsorryforyourselfwhenyoufail,askyourself:WhatcanIlearnfromthisexperience?Andremember:___20___.A.wecaneasilymakethemostofitB.LookatyourattitudesaboutfailingC.weoftenstrugglegreatlywithfailingD.BuildyourfailuremusclegentlyinasafespaceE.FearmaypreventyoufromseekingnewexperiencesF.Whileitishardtofail,itismuchworsenevertohavetriedtosucceedG.Perhapsthemostcommonisthatourself-worthtendstobetiedtosuccess〖答案〗16.C17.G18.B19.D20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些面对失败的方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Althoughmanyofusmayacceptintheorythatfailureisanecessarycomponentofalllearningandgrowth,inpractice(虽然我们中的许多人可能在理论上接受失败是所有学习和成长的必要组成部分，但在实践中)”以及后文“Wemayknowthatweneedagrowthmindsetinordertodevelop,butfailureremainsanexperiencethatisoftenassociatedwithshame.(我们可能知道，为了发展，我们需要一种成长的心态，但失败仍然是一种经常与羞耻联系在一起的经历)”可知，上文although表示转折，说明许多人明白接受失败是所有学习和成长的必要组成部分，但是在实践中还是会因为失败感到痛苦。故C选项“我们经常为失败而苦苦挣扎”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“Therearevariousreasonswhywemayfearfailure.(我们害怕失败的原因有很多)”以及后文“Whenwefailatsomething,ourself-imagesuffers.Wemayfeelworthless,andwemaycriticizeourselvesforourfailure.(当我们在某件事上失败时，我们的自我形象就会受到影响。我们可能会觉得自己毫无价值，我们可能会因为自己的失败而批评自己)”可知，本句承接上文说明我们害怕失败的原因是什么。G选项中self-worth对应后文worthless。故G选项“也许最常见的是我们的自我价值倾向于与成功联系在一起”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据后文“Remindingyourselfthatthereisnogrowthwithoutfailure—nolearning,nodevelopment,nonewexperiences—canhelpyouseewhatyoudislikeinanewlight.Beopentolearningfromfailureforoveralldevelopment.(提醒自己没有失败就没有成长——没有学习，没有发展，没有新的经历——可以帮助你以新的眼光看待你不喜欢的东西。为了全面的发展，愿意从失败中学习)”可知，后文主要说明了用新的眼光看待失败，从失败中学习，即用新的态度对待失败。故B选项“看看你对失败的态度”符合语境，故选B。【19题详析】根据本段内容“Trytolearnanewskillorhobby—asport,cooking,dancing,drawing,playinganinstrument—andbekindtoyourselfinthelearningprocess.Mindfullyallowyourselftofail,totryagain,tofailagainbutbetter,andtryagain,untilyougetsomewhere.(试着学习一项新技能或爱好——一项运动、烹饪、舞蹈、绘画、演奏乐器——在学习过程中善待自己。有意识地允许自己失败，再试一次，再试一次，但会更好，再试一次，直到你到达某个地方)”可知，后文提到“有意识地允许自己失败，再试一次，再试一次，但会更好，再试一次，直到你到达某个地方”，即通过练习逐渐锻炼面对失败时的心态。故D选项“在一个安全的空间里慢慢地锻炼你的失败肌肉”符合语境，故选D。【20题详析】根据上文“Keepalittlediaryinwhichyourecordwhatyourfailureshavetaughtyou.Insteadoffeelingsorryforyourselfwhenyoufail,askyourself:WhatcanIlearnfromthisexperience?Andremember(写一个小日记，记录你从失败中学到的东西。当你失败时，不要为自己感到难过，而要问自己：我能从这次经历中学到什么？记住)”可知，本句主要说明了上文想要读者记住的事情，故F选项“虽然失败很痛苦，但从未尝试过成功更糟糕”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenhandballwasintroducedtoSriLankanschoolsin2010,Iwantedtobringittomyschoolinaremotevillage.Thisbecamea(n)___21___taskasthesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanything___22___traditionalsportslikebasketball.DespitebeinganEnglishlanguageteacherbefore___23___mypostasdeputyprincipal(副校长),Iwas___24___tostartthisgameatanycost.40studentsagedbetween13and19___25___toplay.IhadthesupportoftheirparentsbutIstillcouldn’t___26___thesportsteachertoagree.___27___,Iusedmypositiontogetthegamegoing.HeshanPradeep,analumnus(校友)andmemberoftheAirForcehandballteam,volunteeredto___28___theteam.Althoughhandballisanindoorgame,wetrainedoutdoorsduetolimited___29___.Trainingstartedearlyinthemorningbeforeclassand____30____afterschooluntilitwasdark.Theboyslovedthegameandwere____31____training.Afterthreemonthsofdevotedtraining,wewereabletosendanunder-19sboys’teamto____32____with50otherschools.Ourboysplayedremarkablywelland____33____thesemifinals.Thefollowingyear,nobodycould____34____ourteamfromwinningtheall-islandschoolshandballchampionship.The____35____sentthewholevillageintocarnivalmode.HeshanandIweremuchhonoredtohaveshowntheboysthatdreamscanbefulfilled.21.A.appealing B.challenging C.confusing D.amusing22.A.regardlessof B.inrelationto C.otherthan D.intermsof23.A.leaving B.assuming C.offering D.creating24.A.determined B.resistant C.forbidden D.grateful25.A.wokeup B.grewup C.spedup D.signedup26.A.allow B.encourage C.convince D.force27.A.Ultimately B.Occasionally C.Similarly D.Unfortunately28.A.protect B.contact C.coach D.assess29.A.prospects B.appliances C.qualifications D.facilities30.A.ended B.continued C.changed D.functioned31.A.passionateabout B.particularabout C.embarrassedabout D.objectiveabout32.A.debate B.compete C.associate D.cooperate33.A.watched B.hosted C.reached D.predicted34.A.stop B.free C.separate D.excuse35.A.motivation B.tendency C.innovation D.victory〖答案〗21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为副校长，克服了各种困难，把手球运动引入自己的乡村学校，最终球队在第二年获得了比赛冠军。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这成了一项具有挑战性的任务，因为体育老师不愿意发起篮球等传统运动以外的任何运动。A.appealing有吸引力的；B.challenging挑战性的；C.confusing难以理解的；D.amusing逗人笑的。根据句中的“asthesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanything_____traditionalsportslikebasketball”可知，由于体育老师不配合，所以引入手球运动很有挑战性。故选B。【22题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A.regardlessof不管，不顾；B.inrelationto和……相比；C.otherthan除……以外；D.intermsof在……方面。根据空前的“thesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanything”和空后的“traditionalsportslikebasketball”可知，这里表示体育老师不愿意发起篮球等传统运动以外的任何运动。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管在担任副校长之前我是一名英语老师，但我决心不惜一切代价开始这个运动。A.leaving离开；B.assuming承担（责任），就（职）；C.offering主动提出；D.creating创造。根据空后的“mypostasdeputyprincipal(副校长)”可知，这里是说作者担任副校长一职。故选B。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.determined下决心的；B.resistant有抵抗力的；C.forbidden禁止的；D.grateful感激的。根据句中的“atanycost”可知，这里表示作者决心不惜一切代价开始这个运动。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：40名年龄在13岁到19岁之间的学生报名参加了这项运动赛。A.wokeup唤醒；B.grewup长大；C.spedup加速；D.signedup报名。根据下文中的“theteam”和“Theboyslovedthegame”可知，这里指有40名学生报名参加。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得到了他们父母的支持，但我仍然无法说服体育老师同意。A.allow运动；B.encourage鼓励；C.convince说服；D.force强迫。根据上文中的“asthesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanything_____traditionalsportslikebasketball”可知，体育老师不愿意发起手球这项运动，根据空前的“stillcouldn’t”可知，作者仍然说服不了体育老师同意。故选C。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我利用我的职位让运动继续进行。A.Ultimately最终；B.Occasionally偶尔；C.Similarly相似地；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据上文中的“40studentsagedbetween13and19______toplay.IhadthesupportoftheirparentsbutIstillcouldn’t______thesportsteachertoagree.(40名年龄在13岁到19岁之间的学生报名参加了这项运动赛。我得到了他们父母的支持，但我仍然无法说服体育老师同意)”可知，有同学报名参加这项运动，而且作者也得到了这些学生父母的支持，但始终无法说服体育老师，所以这里是说最终作者利用自己的职务让这项运动继续。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：空军手球队队员、校友HeshanPradeep主动请缨担任球队教练。A.protect保护；B.contact联系；C.coach指导；D.assess评估。根据下文中的“wetrainedoutdoors”可知，HeshanPradeep自愿当球队的教练。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然手球是室内运动，但由于设施有限，我们在室外训练。A.p