（湖北专用）高考英语二轮复习 选择题和非选择题灵活拆组卷（四）选择题专练卷

选择题和非选择题灵活拆组卷四选择题专练卷(共4页，满分70分)Ⅰ.多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)1．(2014·襄阳五中适应性考试一)Soaccustomedaremostofustothe________ofsuccesswithmoneythatthethoughtofgivingupagoodsalaryseemedtobealittlebitinsane.A．presentation B．comparisonC．association D．communication2．(2014·武汉2月调研)Withinternational________andeducationexchangesincreasingeveryyear,thenumberofChinesestudentsstudyingabroadhasincreasedrapidly.A．cooperation B．competitionC．construction D．conflict3．(2014·荆州高三质检一)Chinesetouristsonaveragearespendingmoreandmoreonoverseasshopping.HightaxesonluxurygoodsinChinamakeshoppinginBritainattractive—wherethegoodsare________tobegenuine.A．guaranteed B．doubtedC．measured D．observed4．(2014·襄阳高三调研)Ourgovernment’splantofightagainstairpollutionwillfocuson________informationandhandlingPM2.5.A．expressing B．representingC．gathering D．acknowledging5．(2014·武汉高三5月模拟)WikiLeaksfounderJulianAssangewasincourttoday,andwhenaskedforhisaddresshesaidhedidn’twantto________thatinformation.A．giveout B．keepoutC．holdout D．bringout6．(2014·襄阳五中适应性考试一)Thestateshallgraduallyimprovevarioussystemsfortheprotectionoftherightsandinterestsofwomenand________sexdiscriminationinemployment,byrulesandregulations,topromoteequalemploymentbetweenmenandwomen.A．leaveout B．blockoutC．wipeout D．makeout7．(2014·荆州高三质检一)Likeother________sports,jumpingdownfromaballoonataheightof40,000metersisdangerousandinvolvesmanyuncontrollablevariables.A．active B．frequentC．extreme D．passive8．(2014·荆州高三质检一)Havingwitnessedthatsomemissedcalls(判罚)byrefereesactuallyaffectedtheoutcomeofgames,footballfansforyearshavecalledfortheintroductionofvideoreplaystoallowrefereestoreview________calls.A．fundamental B．controversialC．flexible D．conventional9．(2014·襄阳高三调研)H7N9,thelatestvariantoftheavianfluvirusthatmainlyinfectsbirdsbut________affectshumans,hasspread700kilometersacrossthreeChineseprovincessinceitwasidentifiedlastmonth.A．particularly B．deliberatelyC．apparently D．occasionally10．(2014·武汉高三五月模拟)Millionsofsoldiersandcivilianshavelosttheirlivesduringthewar.Thegovernmentwillnotforgettheirsacrifices.Wewillcompleteourmissionssothattheirsacrificeswillnothavegone________.A．inplace B．inneedC．insecret D．invainⅡ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)(2014·黄冈二调)TheOriginofRecycleCityJustafewyearsago,thisplacewascalledDumptown.It’satownwhererubbishmaybeleft.Foryears,thecitizenslivingherehadn’tthoughtmuchaboutwherewastewentwhentheythrewitout.And,finally,thatbecameaverybig__11__.BecauseDumptownersdidn’tknow__12__happenedtowasteafteritwasthrownaway,they__13__nothingofdroppingemptysodacanshereandthereorputtingcansofleftoverpaintrightintotheirdustbins.Thingsthatcouldhavebeenrecycled__14__werethrownaway,becausenobodybelieved__15__madeadifference.Therubbishgrewconstantlyandbeganto__16__.Sometimesitcaughtfire,sendingheavy__17__intotheairandmaking__18__hardforeveryonetobreathe.Dumptownerstriedmovingawayfromthemess,but__19__theymoved,theproblemwasstillthere.Theyknewtheyhadto__20__it.Theylearnedto__21__theamountofwastetheythrewaway.Forexample,theyboughtitemsatthestorethat__22__coveredinextrapackaging,sotherewouldbe__23__tothrowaway.Theylearnedtoreuseotherthings—likewashingout__24__jarsinsteadofthrowingthemaway.And,theylearnedtorecycle.Theysetup__25__aroundtownsforpeopletoputinwastethatcouldbe__26__materials,andthenintonew__27__.Dumptownerspaidspecialattentionto__28__wasteandsetupspecialcollectionpointsforsafehandling.Insteadof__29__environmentallyharmfulcleaningproductsorchemicalsfromthemarket,manyDumptownersswitchedtonatural,safeproducts.Finally,they__30__theoldcitydumpandbuiltanewfactoryoutsidethetownwhichwasusedtohandlewaste.Withthetown’snewlook,itneededanewname,andRecycleCitywasborn.11．A.question B．problemC．difference D．difficulty12．A.which B．howC．why D．what13．A.knew B．causedC．talked D．thought14．A.hardly B．slowlyC．easily D．fast15．A.picking B．wastingC．recycling D．throwing16．A.taste B．smellC．look D．sound17．A.smoke B．fogC．dust D．flame18．A.it B．thatC．this D．one19．A.whenever B．whereverC．however D．whatever20．A.move B．ignoreC．fix D．leave21．A.increase B．figureC．record D．reduce22．A.wasn’t B．weren’tC．would’tbe D．haven’tbeen23．A.more B．betterC．less D．worse24．A.empty B．fullC．big D．small25．A.organizations B．tentsC．dustbins D．machines26．A.madeinto B．madefromC．madeof D．madefor27．A.waster B．citiesC．homes D．products28．A.safe B．dangerousC．useless D．useful29．A.buying B．sellingC．throwing D．collecting30．A.started B．leftC．discovered D．closedⅢ.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)A(2014·湖北七市州第一次联考)Amangoingabroadtoworkleaveshisyoungladycrying.“Don’tworry,Iwillwritetoyoueveryday，”hesaid.Foryearshedidwritetoher.Butsincehewashappywithhisjob,hehadnoimmediateplansofgoinghome.Oneday,hereceivedaweddinginvitation.Hisgirlfriendwasscheduledtobemarried.Towhom?Tothemailmanbringingregularlythelettersofherboyfriend!Indeed,distancedoesmakeheartsstruggle.Whilepresentsareimportant,lovedemandswhatisbasic:presenceofthebeloved.Marthawasbusywithherjob.Shebelievedshehadtoworkharderbecauseshelovedherfatherwhohadseriousdisease.Shehadtoprovideforhisexpensivemedicine.Herbrothersandsistersmeanwhilestayedwiththeirfathermostofthetime.Theybathedhim,sangforhim,spoon­fedhimorsimplykepthimcompany.OnedayMarthawashurt.Sheoverheardherfathertellinghermother，“AllourchildrenlovemeexceptMartha.”“Howcanthisbe？”Marthathought.“AmInottheonekillingmyselfinmyworktohavemoneytobuyforhismedicine?MybrothersandsistersdonotevenprovidetheirshareintheexpensesasmuchasIdo.”Onenight,asMarthawasasusuallateingoinghome,shepeepedforthefirsttimeintheroomwhereherfatherwaslying.Shenoticedthatherfatherwasstillawake.Shedecidedtocomecloseathisbedside.Herfatherheldherhandsandsaid,“Imissyou.Idon’thavemuchtime.Staywithme.”Andshestayedwithherfatherholdinghishandthewholenight.ThenextmorningMarthasaidtoeveryone.“Ihavetakenaleaveofabsence.Iwouldliketobewithmyfather.Iwillbathehimandsingforhimfromnowon.”Herfatherhadabeautifulsmile.HeknewthistimeMarthalovedhim.Aschildren,weneedtheassuringpresenceofourlovedones.Adultpeopleneednoless.31．WhydidMarthaworksohard?A．Shelikedtoworkmorethanattendingherfather.B．Itwasherdutytoearnmoneyforthefamily.C．Herbrothersandsistershadnojobsandcouldgainnomoney.D．Shehadtoearnmoneytopayforherfather’smedicine.32．Herfather’swords“AllourchildrenlovemeexceptMartha”showedthat________.A．herfatherthoughtnothingofmoneyB．herfathermorevaluedhisdaughter’spresenceC．herfatherunderstoodhisdaughterD．herfatherwastiredofhisdaughter33．HowdidMarthawinherfather’sfavor?A．Shestayedwithherfatherandcomfortedhim.B．Sherefusedtogainmoneyandgaveupherjob.C．Shetriedtoearnaslittlemoneyaspossible.D．Shewouldreplaceherbrothersandsisters.34．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Distancecanstrengthenlove.B．Anyoneshouldlovefathermost.C．Companyismoreimportantthanpresents.D．Allchildrenmustaccompanytheirparents.B(2014·荆门第三次质量预测)Doyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket,thinkingitisvibrating(振动),onlytofindthatitisn’t?Thisphenomenon,whichscientistscall“phantom(幻觉的)phonevibration”，isverycommon.Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill.So,whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior?AccordingtotheBBC,theexplanationliesinyourbrain’sabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld.Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket,therearetwopossiblestates:itiseithervibratingornot.Meanwhile,youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind:thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating,orthatitisn’t.Ideally,youmatchthefourstatescorrectly.However,sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheconsequencesofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana“falsealarm”.Therefore,youbecomemoresensitivetovibrationssothatyoudon’tmissanything.Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome—itcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke.Butthat’sasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalertyou.Now,youmightstillask:whycan’tourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals?Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday.“Yougetalargeamountofsensoryinformationthat’scomingfromyoureyes,earsandskin,andyoucan’tdealwithallthatinformationallthetime，”MichaelRothberg,aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield,US,toldLiveScience.Forexample,therustling(沙沙声)ofclothingorthegrowling(咕咕声)ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone—itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom.So,perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkit’svibrating.It’snottoomuchtroubletodothat,isit?35．Accordingtothispassage,phantomphonevibration________.A．iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblemsB．canmeasurepeople’sabilitytocollectinformationC．happenswhenourbrainsreactsensitivelytofalsesignalsD．helpsourbrainstomakequickandaccuratedecisions36．AccordingtoMichaelRothberg,whichismainlyresponsibleforphantomphonevibration?A．Anoisybackground.B．Alackofmuchattention.C．Aheavyburdeneveryday.D．Anoverflowofsensoryinformation.37．Whyisthefirealarmusedasanexampleinthispassage?A．Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter.B．Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration.C．Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout.D．Toconvinceusit’simportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm.38．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration?A．Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseoflistening.B．Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswheneverwethinkthey’revibrating.C．Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill.D．Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments.C(2014·黄石调研)Hotelsthatuselocally­sourcedmaterialsarequitepopular,sofordeveloperslookingtobuildhotelsonaBoliviansaltplain,inSouthernAmerica,itwouldperhapsmakesensethatsomeofthewhitestuffmightfinditswayintotherestaurant’smills(磨坊).However,thebuildersbehindthePalaciodeSalresort(度假胜地)tookthisideaandranwithit,forthehotelisbuiltentirelyofsalt.Thehotelhasallthemodernequipmentyouwouldexpect,includingasteamroom,and,unsurprisingly,itsownsaltwaterbaths.Butthereisonerule—itisagainsttherulestolick(舔)thewalls.Ittooktwoyearstoconstructtheamazingstructure.Creator,DonJuanQuesada,dreamtuptheideaoftheworld’sfirstsalthotelasitwasnaturallythemostpracticalbuildingmaterialinthearea.Itwasfirstbuiltinthemid­ninetiesbuthadtobepulleddownin2002beforebeingrebuilt.PedroPabloMichelRochasaid，“Thehoteliscertainlyinvaluable.Allourguestsareamazedbyitandtendtotrytolickthewallsorfurnituremadeofsaltjusttobesureitismadeofsalt.Wecanpromisethatitallis.Asthenameshows,ourhotelislikeapalace.Ithasauniquestructureandisatreatfortheeyes.”Eventheswimmingpool,tablesandchairsinthediningroomaremadeofsalt.Itsleepsupto48peopleacross16twinroomsand8doubleroomswithpricesstartingat85poundsanight.Mr.Rochaadded，“Ourdiningroomisindescribable.Guestscanenjoyourspecialmealspreparedonthebasisofsalt,flameandlambmeatfromtheregion,orsaltedchicken.Thebedroomsattractattentionbecausetheylooklikeigloos(冰屋)builtwithsaltblocks.”39．Thehotelmentionedinthepassage________.A．hadtobepulleddownbecausemanypeoplelickeditB．hadtoberebuiltbecauseitwasoutofdateC．wasafailureD．wasasuccess40．Theunderlinedpart“isatreatfortheeyes”heremeans“________”．A．looksquiteniceB．isusefulfortreatingpeople’seyesC．isharmfultopeople’seyesD．lookssimple41．Howmanyroomsdoesthehotelhave?A．8. B．16.C．24. D．48.42．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A．ApersonbuildingasalthotelB．AhotelmadeofsaltC．ThehistoryofasalthotelD．ThefutureofasalthotelD(2014·福州质量检测)Microbloggers:haveyouevercomparedthenumberoffansonyourSinaWeiboorTencentmicroblogwiththoseofyourfriends?Don’timagineyouhavemorefansjustbecauseyournumberisbigger—someofthemmightbe“zombiefans”，orfake(假的)followers.That’swhatChenChuanliang,creatorofLejianNetwork,foundwhenhebetagainsthisfriendseveralmonthsago.Chen,whousedtododataminingforMicrosoftAsiaResearchInstitute,discoveredthattherewerefarmoreinvalid(无效的)microblogaccountsthanhehadimagined.LaterChenpicked10usersonSinaWeiboandanalyzedtheirstatistics.Kai­FuLee,theformerCEOofGoogleChina,who’sonChen’slistofresearch,postedamessageonhismicroblogafterhefoundoutthathehadmorethan1millionfakefans(outofabout5million),joking“Ihave1millionzombiefans?Ifunited,wecanfinallydefeatthoseplants.”AccordingtoareportbySWeeklyinMarch,zombiefansonmicroblogsaredefinedasinvalidaccountssignedupbynetworkcompaniesforthepurposeofincreasingthenumberoffansforcertainusersandgettingthemmoreattention.AndthiskindoffakefollowersarealsoverymuchaliveonWesternsocialnetworkssuchasTwitterandFacebook.TheFinancialTimesreportedinAugust,thatNewtGingrich,aRepublicancandidateintheUSpresidentialelection,boughtabout80percentofhis1.3millionTwitterfollowersandtriedtousethemashelpinhiscampaign.Nowtherearealsobusinessdealsthroughwhichuserscangethundredsofthousandsoffansfortheirmicroblogaccounts,bypayingasmallamountofmoney.“Wehavebeenworkingtofindwaystoblockordeletethoseinvalidaccounts，”MaoTaotao,aspokespersonforSinaWeibotoldSWeekly.“Butasthefakeaccountsgrowsofast,they’regoingtobehereforawhile.”43．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Microbloggers B．BlogAccountsC．ZombieFans D．MicroblogFans44．Usersgetzombiefansfortheirmicroblogaccountsby________.A．makingfriendswithpeopleB．payingalittlemoneyC．helpingtheirWeibofollowersD．doingsearchontheInternet45．Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat________.A．therearemorefakefansinAmericathaninChinaB．invalidaccountsformicroblogswillbedeletedinnotimeC．thereexistmanyfakefansonwesternsocialnetworksaswellD．NewtGingrichhad1.3millionsfollowersinhispresidentialelection46．Theunderlinedword“their”inthepassagerefersto________.A．deals’ B．fans’C．campaigns’ D．users’E(2014·无锡高三模拟)Somepeopleareconvincedtheyarealreadyoutthere:swarmsoftinyflyingdrones(无人机)cautiouslysurveyingtheworldonbehalfoftheirshadowymasters.In2007anti­warprotestersinAmericaclaimedtheywerebeingwatchedbysmallhoveringrobotsthatlookedlikedragonflies.Officialsmaintainedtheyreallyweredragonflies.Whateverthetruth,roboticfliesactuallyarenowgettingairborne(升空)．ThisweekthesuccessfulflightofwhatareprobablythesmallesthoveringrobotsyetwasreportedinSciencebyRobertWoodandhiscolleaguesattheWyssInstituteforBiologicallyInspiredEngineeringatHarvard.Theserobotsarethesizeofcraneflies.Wingtiptowingtiptheymeasure3cmandtheyweighjust80milligrams.Liketrueflies,andunlikedragonfliesorbutterflies,theyhavebutasinglepairofwings.Dr.Wood,asheisquicktopointout,isnottryingtobuildamilitarydrone.Rather,itisthebasicsciencebehindflyinginsectsthatheandhisteamareinterestedin.Nodoubtthearmedforcesaretakingakeeninterestinthissortofwork.Butcivilianapplicationssuchassearchandrescue,hethinks,arelikelytobeasimportantasmilitaryandsecurityones.Indeed,theideathatinspiredthestudywasthatofusingswarmsofroboticfliestopollinate(授粉)crops.Flies,asanyonewhohastriedtohitoneknows,arethemostintelligentofflyingcreatures.Dr.Woodandhiscolleaguesconsidereditimpossible,evenwiththebestminiaturised(使小型化)mechanicalandelectricalpartscurrentlyavailable,tobuildanartificialversionofonethatwouldshowanythinglikethatlevelofaerialprowess(空中实力).Theythereforehadtocomeupwithanewformofmanufacturing,whichtheycallsmartcompositemicrostructures(SCM),todothejob.Dr.Wood’srobotsaremodelledonahoverflycalledEristalis.Theyhavealongwaytogobeforetheycanmimictheprecisionofsuchacreature’sflight.Theycan,nevertheless,hover.Theycanalsocarryoutsimplemovements.Theseincludeturningbyflappingonewingharderthantheother.Theseskilfulmovementsarepossiblebecauseoftheflight­controlsystemDr.Woodhasdesigned.Likejetfighters,flyinginsectsarenaturallyunstable.AndsoareDr.Wood’srobots.Insectshavenervoussystemstodealwiththis.Fightershavecomputers.Dr.Wood’sfliesaresimilarlycomputer­controlled—andthis,forthemoment,iswheretheillusion(幻觉，错觉)breaksdown,becausethecomputerisonadesktopandisconnectedtotherobotbyathincopperwire.Thatcouldbefixedwithasuitablechip.Butthewirealsocarrieselectricpower:19milliwatts,whichisequaltothepowerconsumedbyaflyinginsectofthesamesize.Batterieslightenoughtoflywithdoexist.Buttheywouldkeeptherobotgoingforonlyafewminutes.47．WhydidDr.WoodandhiscolleagueinventanewformofmanufacturingcalledSCM?A．BecausetheycouldmodelrobotsonahoverflycalledEristalis.B．Becausetheywereonlyinterestedinthebasicsciencebehindflyinginsects.C．Becausetheyfounditimpossibletobuildanartificialversionofintelligentflyinginsects.D．Becausetheyhavecreatedthesmallesthoveringrobotswithbutasinglepairofwings.48．AboutDr.Wood’shoveringrobots,wecanknowthat________.A．theyareabletoflyaspreciselyasaflyB．theyhavenervoussystemslikeinsectsC．theyflystablywithflight­controlsystemsD．theyareinsect­likeandnobiggerthanafly49．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“mimic”inParagraph5?A．Increase. B．Copy.C．Practise. D．Improve.50．Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat________.A．whatisneededmaybeabreakthroughinbatteryB．theseflyingrobotsshouldbechangedintosmallerandlighteronesC．flyingaroundthelaboratoryismoreimportantthanflyingoutdoorsD．moreresearchshouldbedoneonthesizeandweightoftheflyingrobots答案Ⅰ.1.选C考查名词辨析。句意：我们大部分人是那么习惯于把成功和金钱联系起来，以至于认为放弃高薪工作似乎是有点疯狂的事。A项意为“陈述，演出”；B项意为“比较，对照”；C项意为“关系，关联”；D项意为“交流，通信”。so...that...结构中，so位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，正常语序是：Mostofusaresoaccustomedtothe________ofsuccesswithmoneythat...故答案选C。2．选A考查名词辨析。句意：随着每年国际合作和教育交流的增加，中国去国外留学的学生数量增长很快。cooperation“合作”，符合题意。competition“竞争”；construction“建设”；conflict“冲突”。3．选A考查动词辨析。句意：中国游客平均用于海外购物的花费越来越多。中国奢侈品的高额税率使在英国购物越来越具有吸引力——这里的商品保证都是真货。A项意为“担保”；B项意为“怀疑”；C项意为“测量”；D项意为“观察”。A项符合语境。故答案选A。4．选C考查动词辨析。句意：我们政府同空气污染作斗争的计划将以收集信息和控制PM2.5为重点。express“表达”；represent“代表”；gather“收集”；acknowledge“承认；感谢”。根据句意选C。5．选A考查动词短语辨析。句意：维基解密创始人JulianAssange今天出庭，当法官问他住址时，他回答说，他不想公布这一信息。giveout“公布，宣布”符合句意。keepout“阻止进入”；holdout“坚持”；bringout“出版”。6．选C考查动词短语辨析。句意：国家通过制定规章制度，将逐渐改善不同体系中对妇女权利和利益的保护、消除性别歧视，以促进平等的男女用工权利。A项意为“省略”；B项意为“遮住，忘掉，抹去”；C项意为“消除”；D项意为“理解”。故答案选C。7．选C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像其他的极限运动一样，从40000米高度跳下来是危险的，涉及许多不可控制的变量。extreme“极度的，极端的”，extremesport“极限运动”，符合题意。active“积极的”；frequent“频繁的，经常的”；passive“被动的”。8．选B考查形容词辨析。句意：目睹了裁判做出的许多影响比赛结果的错误判罚，足球迷们多年以来一直呼吁引入录像回放，让裁判回看有争议的判罚。A项意为“根本的”；B项意为“有争议的”；C项意为“灵活的”；D项意为“传统的”。故答案选B。9．选D考查副词辨析。句意：H7N9，最新的禽流感病毒的变异病毒，主要传染禽类，但是偶尔也会影响人类。自从上个月确认以来，H7N9经过了中国的三个省，传播了700公里。A项意为“特别地”；B项意为“故意地”；C项意为“显然地”；D项意为“偶然，偶尔”。根据题目中的“but”可知，空格处应填入与“mainly”意思相反的词，D项符合语境。故答案选D。10．选D考查介词短语辨析。句意：无数的战士和百姓在战争中丧失生命。政府不会忘记他们的牺牲。我们将会完成我们的使命，这样他们就不会白白地牺牲。A项意为“在适当的位置”；B项意为“需要”；C项意为“秘密地”；D项意为“徒劳无益地”。根据题意可知，D项符合语境。故答案选D。Ⅱ.语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文。“垃圾倾倒镇”上的居民曾经不注意环境保护，随意丢垃圾。堆积如山的垃圾使他们意识到要保护环境，于是他们在城外修建了垃圾处理场。现今，“垃圾倾倒镇”已经旧貌换新颜，成为“循环回收市”。11．选B开始的时候，这个小镇上的人乱扔垃圾，不理会这些垃圾的去向，到最后，这成了一个大问题。这里用problem指前面提到的乱扔垃圾的问题。12．选D这里用what引导宾语从句，what在从句中做主语，指物。他们不知道这些垃圾被扔掉之后的情况。13．选D根据第一段中的“hadn’tthoughtmuchabout”可知，应选D项。thinknothingof表示“不把……当一回事”，为固定短语，符合语境。14．选C那些原本很容易回收的东西都被扔掉了，囚为大家谁都不相信废品的回收利用能起什么作用。这里用easily表示“轻松地，容易地”。15．选C参见上题解析。16．选B垃圾越堆越多，开始发臭了。这里用smell表示“有难闻的气味，散发着臭气”。17．选A既然是着火，那么就会在燃烧时散发出浓烟(smoke)。18．选A这里用it做形式宾语代替后面的动词不定式。19．选B此处用wherever引导让步状语从句。不管他们搬到哪里，问题还是没有得到解决。20．选C因此，垃圾处理这个问题躲避不了，必须解决。fix表示“解决，处理”，符合语境。21．选D既然是要解决垃圾问题，那么他们首先要做的就是减少扔掉的垃圾量。故选D项。22．选B本空所在的定语从句的先行词是前面的“items”，因此选B项，用一般过去时与语境保持一致。23．选C人们买东西的时候选择那些没有额外包装的商品，这样一来，被扔掉的垃圾就减少了，因此选C项。24．选A把那些空罐子都洗洗再用，而不是扔掉。因此选A项。25．选C为了让人们存放垃圾，他们在镇上安装了垃圾箱(dustbins)。26．选A从下文的“new”可知应选A项，这里说的是那些能够被制造成新材料的垃圾。bemadeinto表示“把……做成”。27．选D这里说的是把这些回收利用的垃圾制作成新产品，因此选D项。28．选B根据下文的“safe”和“harmful”可知，应选B项。镇上的居民特别注意那些有危害的