新生儿颅内出血英文

Neonatalintracranialhemorrhage汇报人：contents目录IntroductionDiagnosisTreatPrevent01IntroductionDefinitionandclassificationNeonatalintracranialhemorrhagereferstotheruptureofintracranialbloodvesselscausedbyvariousreasonsduringtheneonatalperiod,resultingintheaccumulationofbloodintheskullandtheformationofahematoma.DefinitionAccordingtothelocationofbleeding,itcanbedividedintosubduralhemorrhage,subarachnoidhemorrhage,cerebralparenchymalhemorrhage,andintraventricularhemorrhage.ClassificationCauseofonsetPrematureandlowbirthweight:Prematureandlowbirthweightinfantsarepronetointracranialhemorrhageduetoincompletecerebrovasculardevelopment.Birthtrauma:Theuseofforceps,suctioncups,andotherinstrumentsduringdeliverymaycauseintracranialhemorrhageinnewborns.Hypoxiaandacidosis:Neonatalasphyxia,severerespiratorydistresssyndrome,andotherconditionscancausehypoxiaandacidosis,leadingtointracranialhemorrhage.Infectionandinflammation:Severeinfectionandinflammationinnewbornscancauseintracranialhemorrhage.Thesymptomsofintracranialhemorrhagevarydependingonthelocationandamountofbleeding,andcommonsymptomsincludeconsciousnessdisorders,seizures,unequalpupilsize,irregularbreathing,etc.SymptomsTheprognosisofintracranialhemorrhagevariesamongindividualsandiscloselyrelatedtofactorssuchasthesiteofbleeding,theamountofbleeding,andthetimingoftreatment.Generallyspeaking,mildcaseshaveabetterprognosis,whileseverecasesmayleadtopermanentneurologicaldeficitsordeath.PrognosisDiseasecharacteristics02DiagnosisBabieswithinternalhemorragemayhaveseizures,whichareepisodesofvolatilemusclecontractsSeizuresInfantswithinternalhemorrageofdisplayirritability,cryingmorefrequentlyandbeinghardtoconsoleIrritabilityBabiesmayloseconsciousness,becomingdrowsyorunresponsivetostimulusLossofconsciousnessThesoftspotonthebaby'sheadmaybulge,indicatingincreasedpressurewithintheskeletonBulgingFontanelsClinicaldeclarationBrainultrasoundThisnonvolatileimagingtechniqueisusedtovisualizebloodvesselsanddetectanyblendingItcanbeperformedatthebedanddoesnotuseionizingradiationMRIMagneticresonanceimagingprovidesdetailedpicturesofthebrainandisspecificallyusefulindetectingsmalltumorsandassessingtheextentofdamageCTscanComputedtomographyscanningusesX-raystocreateimagesofthebrainandisfasterandmorewidelyavailablethanMRIHowever,itexposesthebabytoionizingradiationDiagnosticmethodBirthtraumasBabiesmaysustainbirthinjuriesthataremicintrauterinehemorragebutarecommonlyassociatedwithahistoryofdifficultdeliveryorforcesdeliveryCoagulationordersSomeinfantshaveinheritedoracquiredcoagulationordersthatincreasetheirriskofdevelopingintrauterinediseasesTheseconditionsmayincludevitaminKdeficiencyorplateletdysfunctionDifferentialdiagnosis03TreatRegularlymonitorthebaby'svitalsigns,includingheartrate,bloodpressure,respiratoryrate,andtemperaturetoensurestablevitalfunctionsMonitoringvitalsignsEnsurethebaby'sairisclearandprotectedtopreventaspirationandrespiratoryfailureMaintainingairunobstructedMonitorandmaintainappropriatefluidbalancetopreventdehydrationoroverhydrationFluidmanagementProvideequalnutritionthroughparentorcentralfeedingtosupportgrowthanddevelopmentNutritionsupportGeneraltreatmentDieticsUsediureticstoreducebrainedemaandinternalpressureSedativesandanalyticsAdministersexualityandanalyticstounderstandsymptomsofaging,pain,ordiscomfortAnticoagulantsAdministratorAnticoagulantstopreventfurtherbleedingandpromotebloodclosureDrugtherapy

SurgicaltreatmentCraniomyPerformacraniomytoremovebloodclots,reduceinternalpressure,andrestorenormalbrainfunctionVascularrepairRepairdamagedbloodvesselstopreventfurtherbleedingandrestorebloodflowCSFconversionPerformprocedurestodivertcerebrovascularfluidawayfromthebraintoreduceinternalpressure04Prevent要点三RegularpreliminarycheckupsItisessentialtohaveregularcheckupsduringpreparednesstomonitorthehealthofboththemotherandfetusUltrasoundscandetectpotentialproblemswiththeplatformandbaby'sdevelopment要点一要点二ControlledbloodpressureMaterialhypertensionisariskfactorforneonalinternalhemorrageItisimportanttomanagebloodpressureduringpregnancythroughdie,exercise,andifnecessary,medicineSmokingprocessSmokingduringpreheatingcanincreasetheriskofneonatalintrauterinehemorragePregnantwomenshouldquitsmokingtoreducethisrisk要点三PregnancycareTimelynewbornscreeningNewbornshouldgounderscreeningtestssoonafterbirthtodetectanypotentialhealthissuesThisincludescheckingforsignsofinternalanthropologyClosemonitoringBabieswhoareathighriskforinternalhemorrageshouldbecloselymonitoredforanysignsofstressorillnessThisincludesregularassessmentsoftheirvitalsignsandneurologicalstatusPropnutritionandhydrationBabieswhoareatriskforneonatalintrauterinehemorrhageshouldreceivepropernutritionandhydrationtosupporttheirgrowthanddevelopmentNewborncarePregnantwomenandnew