最终版(1.19)2023级高一上期末考

2023级高一第一学期期末考试英语科试卷命题人：肖晓洪，余婧审题人：陈远贵（本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分；满分150分；考试时间120分钟）第I卷选择题部分(满分110分)第一部分听力理解(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅读时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答第1~2题。1.WhyisHarryunwillingtojointhewoman?Hehasapaininhisknee.B.HewantstowatchTV. C.Heistoolazy.2.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Stayathome. B.TakeHarrytohospital. C.Dosomeexercise.听第二段对话，回答第3~5题。3.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenshesawthedolphins?A.Swimming. B.Diving. C.Sailing.4.Whydidthewomangiveupskydiving?A.Theweatherwasbad. B.Shefeltquitetired. C.Shegotfrightened.5.Whatdidthewomanfindmostexciting?A.Hikingintherainforest.B.Exploringtheoldcaves.C.Climbingthemountains.听第三段对话，回答第6~8题。6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday. B.Thursday. C.Friday.7.Whathasstoppedthewomantakingthetablebythewindow?A.It’salreadybeenreserved.B.It’sinthesmokingarea. C.Itcostsmore.8.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Tryanotherrestaurant. B.Chooseanoutdoortable. C.Makeareservationanotherday.听第四段对话，回答第9~11题。9.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofEnglish?A.Itisquitedifficulttospell.B.Itisastressbasedlanguage.C.Itiswidelyspokenintheworld.10.What’stheman’sproblemwhilespeakingEnglish?A.Hedoesn’thaveenoughvocabulary.B.Hecan’tpronounceexactlylikearobot.C.Hecan’ttellstrongandweakforms.11.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Listentomusic.B.SeeEnglishfilms.C.Stresswordsclearly.听第五段独白，回答第12~15题。12.Whatdidresearchersstudyintwotests?A.Thewayofseagulls’stealingfood.B.Theeffectsofstaringatseagulls.C.Thedifferentfoodthieves.13.Whatdidonefourthofbirdsdowitheyecontactinthetest?A.Theyflewawayimmediately.B.Theystoodstillandlookedatthefood.C.Theymadeanattempttostealfood.14.WhatdidMadeleinethinkofseagulls?A.Theysnatchedfoodviolently.B.Theystolefoodsecretly.C.Theyattackedpeopleaggressively.15.Howdopeoplestopseagullsstealingfoodeffectively?A.Byfeedingthemfirst. B.Bysettingabigtrap.C.Bystaringatthem.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节单项填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Hemadeaproposalthattheproblems_______paidspecialattentionto.A.referringtobeingB.referredtobeingC.referringtobeD.referredtobeGradually,mypassionforsciencefictionbooks______,foritwashardformeto_____myselfinthem.diedaway;buryB.diedout;applyC.dieddown;buryD.diedoff;apply_______withtheothercandidates,Lucywasmoreequal________thisposition.paring;toB.pared;toC.paring;inD.pared;inOnly_______asaninterpreter_______howimportantitistograspEnglish.A.whendidIwork;Irealized B.whenIworked;IrealizedC.whendidIwork;didIrealize D.whenIworked;didIrealize20.Althoughthecausesofcancer_______,wedonotyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit.A.arebeinguncoveredB.havebeenuncoveringC.areuncoveringD.haveuncovered21.Frank,ratherthanhistwosisters,_______Londonnextmorningbytrainwhich_______at8:30.A.isleavingfor;willleave B.areleavingfor;leaves C.isleavingfor;leaves D.willleavefor;isleaving22.Thatwastheveryreason_______Macgavemetheotherday.A.why B.that C.which D.whatIwillneverforgettheday_______Ifirstwentintotheseniorhighschool,_______wasgreaterthanIcouldexpect.when;whichB.that;whichC.which;whereD.when;asInAugust,radioactivewastewaterfromJapanwasreleasedintothePacificOcean,_______effectspeoplearestillsuffering.fromwhichB.inwhichC.fromwhoseD.inwhoseBecauseofthelimitedtime,wewillstartatthepoint_______weleftoffyesterday.A.whichB.whereC.asD.when第二节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其段落大意,然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown26.Ilearnedthislessonfromanexperiencemanyyearsago.Itookthehead27jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram.Itwasatraditionfortheschool’soldteamtoplayagainstthe28teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn’tevenpracticeto29thegame.Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Icouldn’t30Ihadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto31thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheyweredependingonme.Ihadtochangemy32towardstheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle33.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike34.Thatsummer,whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheirvacations,wemeteverydayandpracticedpassingand35thefootball.Sixmonthsaftersufferingourdefeatonthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto36.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate.Ifeltthatitwouldbea37forusevenifwelostthegame.Butthatwasn’twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest38ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearnedalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercanaffectthemembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand39them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves40,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.26.A.luck B.tests C.efforts D.nature27.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching28.A.successful B.excellent C.strong D.new29.A.searchfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith30.A.believe B.agree C.describe D.identify31.A.realize B.forgive C.ment D.demand32.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention33.A.pride B.wisdom C.fortune D.pressure34.A.leaders B.partners C.champions D.learners35.A.exchanging B.delivering C.clicking D.kicking36.A.recover B.improve C.expand D.defend37.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor38.A.events B.thrills C.concerns D.offers39.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed40.A.honestly B.individually C.calmly D.differently第三部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题,每小题2.5分,共37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChinaisacountrywellworthvisiting.ThefollowingtipsmaymakeyourtriptoChinapleasantandsatisfactory.WhichcitiesarepreferablefortouriststovisitontheirfirsttriptoChina?WhatyouseedependsonhowlongyoucanstayinChina.Generallyspeaking,touristsshouldfirstvisitcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandXi’an.BeijingisapoliticalandculturalcentrethatoffersgreatscenicattractionsliketheForbiddenCityandtheSummerPalace.Besides,foodssuchasBeijingroastduckandinstantboiledmuttonhaveprovedpopularwithtourists.Shanghai,ashoppingcentreforbestbuys,isthelargestcityinChina.Touristswillbesatisfiedwithwhatthecitysupplies,fromvarioussnacksandcakestohandicraftsandtextiles.NeighbouringSuzhouandHangzhouareconsideredbyChinesetobe“paradiseonEarth”.Xi’an,thestartingpointoftheancientSilkRoad,wasthecapitalofmanydynastiesintheChinesehistory.ThecityisrichintourismresourcessuchasGreatWildGoosePagodaandtheHuaqingHotSprings.Whenisthebesttimeforthetrip?Chinaisavastlandwithgreatcontrastsinlandscapeandclimate.Consequently,touristsmaypayavisitanytime.SpringandautumnaresupposedtobethebesttimestotourcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandXi’an.Ifyoudislikethecold,youcanvisitKunminginsouthChina,whichisknownforitsyearroundspringweather.AcloserlooktakesyoutotheStoneForestandtheDianchiLake.Ifyourarelyhaveachancetoseesnow,HarbinisabestchoiceinJanuaryandFebruary.WhatiswellworthpurchasinginChina?Chinahaswonaworldwidereputationforhandicrafts,silk,porcelainandtextiles,allmorereasonablypricedandofgreatervarietythanelsewhereintheworld.Uniquelocalcreationsareavailableintheirowncities.Iftouristsarenotabletoreachthesecities,mostoftheseproductscanbepurchasedintheFriendshipstoresinbigcities.Ifyoubuyantiqueobjects,besuretogetyourreceiptsandanidentificationsealbeforeyougothroughtheChinesecustoms.41.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Areport. C.Amagazine. D.Anadvertisement.42.paredwiththecitiesinnorthChina,inwhataspectisKunmingunique?A.Mildclimate. B.Deliciousfood. C.Breathtakingscenery. D.Magnificentarchitecture.43.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.InChinatouristscanbuysilkatalowerpricethanelsewhereintheworld.B.Touristshavenochoicebuttobuythesouvenirswheretheyaremade.C.Theuniqueproductsshouldbeboughtinbigcities’Friendshipstores.D.Touristsmustmakesurethepurchaseofancientpaintingsisthroughlegalmeans.BBanffNationalParkishometoanamazingwildlifepopulation.ButthebusyTransCanadaHighwaythatcutsthroughtheparkisahazardtothelovelyanimals.Toaddresstheproblem,Banfffirstputupwildlifefencingoneithersideofthehighwaytodiscourageanimalsfromenteringthebusyroad.Then,since1996,they’veopenedsixwildlifeoverpassesand38underpassestohelptheanimalscrossthehighwayinsafety.IwasfortunatetovisitBanff’sRedEarthOverpasswithTrevorKinley,theprojectmanagerwithParksCanada.Hetoldmethatsofar,theyhavedocumented10,000safeanimalcrossingsonthisoverpassalone.“Someanimalshavelearnedhowtousethecrossingsmuchmorequicklythanothers.Blackbearsarethefastestlearners,followedbydeer.Wolvesandlionstakethelongesttoworkouthowtousethem,”Kinleysaid,laughing.“Butthoseanimalsthatareslowertoadaptareusuallymorecapableanddeterminedatfiguringoutthesafestwaytocrossthoseoverpassesandunderpasses.”Thereissomecriticism(批评)thatchannelingsomuchwildlifeintoafewbridgesandtunnelsislikemakingatrapfortheanimals,offeringbiganimalsaneasymealoneitherside.“Butresearchhasshownthatthisisnotthecase,”Kinleyassuredme.“Therearenomorekillingsaroundthecrossingsthanthereareanywhereelseinthepark.”WalkingovertheTransCanadaandthenwalkingunderneaththroughoneofthetunnels,Iwasamazedtoseethefreshtracksofblackbears,wolves,deerandmanykindsofsmalleranimals.Somehow,alltheseanimalfootprintsmademesodelighted,knowingthatallthiswildlifewaspassingsafelyunderandoverthelongestroadinCanada.Hopefully,thesuccessofthewildlifecrossingsinBanffwillcontinuetoinspiresimilarsolutionsaroundtheworld,wherehumanpressureonwildlifecontinuestogrow.44.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“hazard”underlinedinparagraph1?A.Shelter. B.Habitat. C.Access. D.Danger.45.WhatdoesTrevorKinleysayaboutthosewolvesandlions?A.Theyarestupidanimals. B.Theyarecautiouslearners.C.Theyareverydangerous. D.Theyaregoodatadapting.46.Whatarethecriticsworriedabout?A.Therearetoomanybridgesandtunnels. B.Morekillingsmighthappenatthecrossings.C.Manyanimalswillbetrappedinthecrossings.D.Illegalhuntingmighthappeninthepark.47.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthoseoverpassesandunderpasses?A.Concerned.B.Indifferent.C.Supportive.D.Skeptical.CIfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebeesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatterdensity(灰质密度).Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocesses(加工)information.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage,thegreatertheeffectis.AteamledbyDr.AndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL),tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywereparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensityinthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferencewas.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage,”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWales,hasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible.”hesaid.“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearntEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesoftwoandthirtyfour.Reading,writing,andprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld,”explainedthescientists.48.Whydoesthewritermention“exercise”inthesecondparagraph?A.Tomakepeoplebelievelanguagelearningishelpfulfortheirhealth.B.Tosuggestlanguagelearningisalsoakindofphysicallabor.C.Toprovethatoneneedsmoreresourceswhenhe/sheislearningalanguage.D.Totellusthatlearningalanguagecantrainyourbraineffectively.49.Whatcanweknowfromthescientificfindings?A.Theabilityoflearningasecondlanguageischangingallthetime.B.Theearlieryoustarttolearnasecondlanguage,thehigherthegreymatterdensityis.C.Theexperienceoflearningasecondlanguagehasabadeffectonbrain.D.Thereisnodifferencebetweenalatersecondlanguagelearnerandonewithoutasecondlanguage.50.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthortriestotellusthat________.A.earlylearningofasecondlanguagehelpsinstudyingothersubjectsB.learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingmathsC.learningItaliancanbenefitlearningEnglishD.you’dbetterchoosetheagesbetween2and34tolearnasecondlanguage51.Whatisfocusedoninthispassage?A.Languagelearningiscloselyconnectedwithmathsstudy.B.Manhasagreatabilityoflearningasecondlanguage.C.Studyingaforeignlanguagecanimproveman’sabilitytothink.D.Manshouldnotlearnaforeignlanguageafterthirtyfour.DImagineyoucanopenyourfridge,openanapponyourphoneandimmediatelyknowwhichitemswillgobadsoon.ThisisoneoftheapplicationsthatanewtechnologydevelopedbyengineersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegowouldenable.Thetechnologybinesachipintegrated(集成)intoproductpackagingandasoftwareupdateonyourphone.Thephonebeescapableofidentifyingobjectsbasedonsignalsthechipsendsoutfromspecificfrequencies,inthiscaseBluetoothorWiFi.Inanindustrialsetting,asmartphoneequippedwiththesoftwareupdatecouldbeusedasaradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)reader.Theworkusesbreakthroughsinbackscatter(反向散射)munication,whichusessignalsalreadygeneratedbyyoursmartphoneandredirectsthembackinaformatyourphonecanunderstand.Effectively,thistechniqueuseslesspowerthanthelatesttechnologytogenerateWiFisignals.Thecustomchip,whichisroughlythesizeofagrainofsandandcostsonlyafewpenniestoproduce,needssolittlepowerthatitcanbeentirelypoweredbyLTEsignals,atechniqueforwirelessbroadbandmunicationformobiledevices.ThechipturnsBluetoothsignalsintoWiFisignals,whichcaninturnbedetectedbyasmartphonewiththatspecificsoftwareupdate.Thetechnology’sbroaderpromiseisthedevelopmentofdevicesthatdonotneedbatteriesbecausetheycanharvestpowerfromLTEsignalsinstead.Thisinturnwouldleadtodevicesthataresignificantlylessexpensivethatlastlonger,saidDineshBharadia,oneofthepaper’sseniorauthors.“Ewaste,especiallybatteries,isoneofthebiggestproblemstheplanetisfacing,afterclimatechange,”Bharadiasaid.Forfutureresearch,theteamwillintegratethistechnologyintootherprojectstodemonstrateitscapabilities,andtheyalsohopetomercializeit,eitherthroughastartuporthroughanindustrypartner.52.Howdoesthechipinteractwiththephone?A.Byprovidingpowerforthephone. B.ByproducingLTEsignalsforthephone.C.BygivingBluetoothsignalstothephone. D.BysendingWiFisignalsbacktothephone.53.WhatisthepotentialofthetechnologyaccordingtoBharadia?A.Reducingewaste. B.Makingbatteriescheap.C.SupplyingpowertoLTEsignals. D.DecreasingthecostofLTEsignals.54.Whatwilltheteamdointhefuture?A.Investinnewtechnologies. B.Bringthetechnologytomarket.C.Improvethequalityofthedevice. D.mercializemoreresearchprojects.55.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewtechnologyturnssmartphonesintoRFIDreadersB.SmartphonesneedtobeequippedwithsoftupdatesC.RFIDreadersobtainnewchipsandhavenewfunctionsD.Backscattermunicationmakesthebestofsmartphones第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Veniceissufferingtheworstfloodingthecityhasexperiencedin50years.Thecityis“onitsknees”andVenetianMayorLuigiBrugnarotweetedaswatersubmerged(淹没)muchofthefamoushistoricalcity.WhilefloodsareanormalpartoflifeinVenice,theyhaveneverhappenedwithsuchfrequencybefore.Expertssaythatclimatechangeislikelytoblame.____56____TheVenetiancouncilvotedagainstameasuretofightclimatechangejustafewmomentsbeforetheirchamber(会议厅)flooded.Floodingisjustoneofthemanyimpactsfromclimatechangethatisbeingexperiencedwithmorefrequencyandgloballythreatensmanyvulnerable(脆弱的)areasandregions.Thereisathreatthatisnotoftenconsidered.____57____Naturalandmanmadeheritagesitesthroughouttheworldareindangerofbeingdamagedordestroyedbyclimatechange.____58____Somewillbehitbyflooding,likeVenice,othersbyextremeweathereventsorrisingtemperatures.Forinstance,GeorgeTown,thecapitaloftheMalaysianstatePenangfacesrisingsealevels,landslidesandmoreseveretyphoons,whileYellowstoneecosysteminthewesternUnitedStatesfacesmeltingsnows,morefrequentwildfiresandachangingecosystem.Changesintheoceanwillhaveaprofoundimpactonmanyofthesesites.____59____Andrisingsealevelsthreatentowashawaymanyoftheworld’sgreatarchaeologicalsites.Expertssaythatthesolutionstosavingthesesiteswillbevaried,butmanywillbeveryexpensive.____60____A.Differentwayscanbeusedtosavethesesites.B.Climatechangewillimpactthesesitesindifferentways.C.Itisthedamagefromclimatechangetotheworld’sheritage.D.Butputtinginplaceprotectivemeasureshasprovendifficult.E.WarmingseawaterthreatenstokillmuchofthecoralintheGreatBarrierReef.F.Manyheritagesitesonlandarefacingthegreatthreatposedbyglobalwarming.G.Therefore,theysuggestthatcountriesshouldworktogethertoprotectheritagesites.第II卷非选择题部分(共三节,满分40分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡题号为61—70的相应位置上。Thisyear'swinterhasprovenanimportantseasonforHarbin,thecapitalcityofHeilongjiangprovince,asinterest____61____theicydestinationgreatlyincreasedaftersocialmediapostsshowedmanycitizensfromthe____62____(warm)southfloodingintothesnowycity.It____63____(wele)nearly3.05millionvisitors,takingin$832.39millionoftourismrevenue(收入),duringthethreedayNewYearholiday.Tofacili