Unit+1+Science+Fiction+重点单词短语讲与练+高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit1ScienceFiction重点单词短语讲与练根据英文解释猜单词。1.aformalarrangementtomeetorvisitsbataparticulartime,especiallyforareasonconnectedwiththeirwork_____________2.tosaysthofficiallyorpublicly____________3.tosupposethatsthistrue,althoughyoudonothaveactualproof___________4.tousenumberstofindoutatotalnumber,amount,distance,etc._______5.theprocessorresultofdividingintoseparateparts;theprocessorresultofdividingsthorsharingitout__________6.toadviseortryhardtopersuadesbtodosth_________appointmentdeclarepresumecalculatedivisionurge根据英文解释猜单词。7.toburstormakesthburstloudlyandviolently,causingdamage_____________8.somethingisdescribedinawaythatmakesitseemmoreimportantorseriousthanitreallyis.______9.belongingtoadifferentcountry,race,orgroup,oracreaturefromouterspace___________10.amanorwomanwhosejobistosellgoods,forexample,inashop/store_______11.feelingashamedbecauseyouhavedonesththatyouknowiswrongorhavenotdonesththatyoushouldhavedone__________explodeoverstatementaliensalesman/saleswomanliterary根据英文解释猜单词。12.toputthoughtsorfeelingsoutofyourmind;toofficiallyremovesbfromtheirjob__________13.anextraamountofmoneythatisaddedtoapayment,especiallytosb'swagesasareward_____________14.tohangsthfromsthelse;toofficiallystopsthforatime;______15.notclear;withoutaclearoutlineorshape___________16.notclearbecauseofhaze;notclearbecauseofalackofmemory,understandingordetail_______17.wetearththatissoftandsticky__________bonussuspendblurredhazymuddismiss单词拼写1.Studentsareaskedtopreparematerialsinadvanceofeach_________(每周的)seminar.

2.Haveyouanyideawherethe

(传言)started?

3.Themanwantedtogohome,buthecouldbarelyaffordtherailway_____

(费用).

4.It’sdifficultto

(计算)whateffectallthesechangeswillhaveonthecompany.

5.The

(女主席)isupagainstthegreatestchallengetoherposition.

6.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoincrease

(薪水)forallcivilservants.

7.Marywaschosenforthejobbecauseshewasthe_________(占优势的)candidate.

8.

(劳动者)shortageshaveforcedtheJapaneseintomakingheavyuseofindustrialrobots.

weeklyrumourfarecalculatechairwomansalariessuperiorLabour根据汉语写出单词。9.Thedifferencesbetweenartandlifeseemtohavebecome________(模糊不清的).

10.Ifyouarewrong,admitit.Youwon’tlose

(尊严),butwillgainrespect.

11.Thereisa

(冲突)betweenwhattheyaredoingandwhatyouwant.

12.Theywavedhatsand

(手帕)towelcomethereturninghero.

13.Thewindwassostrongthatitpushedmeafewsteps______

(向后).

14.Thelittleboyreachedforthe

(灯),whichstoodinthemiddleofthetable.

blurreddignityconflicthandkerchiefsbackwardslamp1.nailn.&vt.①Hedroveinanailwithonestrokeofthehammer._________②Ihavetriedtodiscouragehimfrombitingnails.__________③Henailedboardstogethertomakeabox._______________2.dismissvt.①Hedismissedmefromtheclubbecauseofmyseriousmistake.___________②Thepupilsweredismissedfromschool._______________③Shetriedtodismisstheideafromhermind.____________一词多义【n.钉子】【n.指甲】【vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定】【vt.开除】【vt.让(某人)离开】【vt.消除】1.testout检验；测试→testsb.out试用，试验，考验(某人)→testfor...检验﹙成分等﹚；对人﹙或物﹚做……检测﹙或化验、测试等﹚→put...tothetest使……经受考验；检验；试验Thesoftwarehasbeentestedforviruses.Mynewbossgavemethemostdifficultclientstodealwith.IfelthewasreallytestingmeouttoseeifIwouldcope.该软件已经过病毒测试。我的新老板把最难对付的客户交给了我。我觉得他是在考验我，看我能不能应付。重点单词2.appointmentn.预约；约会；委任→have/makeanappointmentwithsb.约见某人；与某人约会→keep/breakanappointmentwith...守/违→appointvt.委派；任命；指定；约定；确定→appointsb.tobe/as...任命某人(某职)→appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事→appointedadj.约定的；指定的disappointv.使失望；使破灭，使落空disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的；disappointingadj.令人失望的，令人扫兴的disappointmentn.失望，沮丧；令人失望的人重点单词3.dismissvt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除→dismissfrom...将(某人)从……开除；解雇；使退去→bedismissedfromone'sservice(某人)被免职；被解雇→dismissfearfromone'smind消除(某人)心里的恐惧→dismissaln.解雇；免职；开除IcouldnotunderstandwhyMr.Rochesterhadnotaskedthepolicetoarresther，oratleastdismissedherfromherservice.Shetriedtodismissfearfromhermind.我不明白罗切斯特先生为什么没有要求警察逮捕她，或者至少解雇她。她试图消除心中的恐惧。重点单词4.declarevt.表明；宣称；公布→declaresb./sth.tobe＋n./adj.宣布/宣称/某人/某事为……→declarethat...宣布/宣称/声明……→declarewaron/upon...向……宣战→declareagainst...声明反对→declarefor...声明赞成→declarationn.宣布，宣告，声明重点单词5.bonusn.意外收获；奖金；红利（强调额外的回报，奖金之类）reward强调应得的回报，报酬award（在某方面杰出而受到认可的）奖品，奖（项）prize（比赛、竞赛中获得的）奖品，奖金【练习】选词填空：1.ThefirmrecognizedTom’soutstandingworkbygivinghimanextra_______.2.Thekingsaidthatsuchabravesoldierwasworthyof________.3.TheactorwonanAcademy________forhisroleinthefilm.4.First_________inthecompetitionwillbeamealattherestaurantofyourchoice.重点单词bonusrewardAwardprize6.presumevt.&vi.假设;假定supposev.推断，料想，猜想；假设，假定assumev.假定，假设，认为presumeon/upon期望；利用→presumedadj.假定的;推测的→presumptionn.放肆,傲慢;推测assumptionn.假定，假设；取得，承担重点单词7.calculatevt.推测;计算;核算calculateon指望;期待=counton;lookforwardtobecalculatedfor适合于……；为适合…而设计的→calculatorn.计算器→calculationn.计算;估计;计算的结果8.dividevt.&vi.(使)分开;分成;除divideinto把……分成divideby除以；用…除divideup瓜分；分割；分配→divisionn.分开;分离;差异;除(法)重点单词加:plus；add减:minus;subtract乘:multiply;by9.urgen.冲动vt.催促;力劝敦促某人做某事urgesbtodosth=prodsbtodosthhaveanurgetodosth. 渴望做某事→urgent

adj.紧急的,急迫的→urgencyn.紧急;催促;紧急的事→urgentlyadv.紧急地,急迫地10.explodevt.&vi.爆炸;爆破explodeinto爆发出…=gooff/burstout/breakinto→explosionn.爆炸→explosiveadj.爆炸性的;爆发性的;n.炸药;爆炸物重点单词11.staten.国家;州;情境;vt.规定;声明;陈述instate

庄重地；正式地inastateof

处于……的状态→statementn.声称;声明;陈述→overstatementn.夸大;夸张12.alienn.外星人(生物);外国人adj.陌生的;外星的;外国人的→alienatevt.使疏远,离间13.guiltn.有罪；对罪行有责任→guiltyadj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的feelingofguilt内疚感;有罪感重点单词PracticeMakesPerfect!用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The

(saleswoman)atthesupermarketweretryingtokeepupwiththedemand.

2.Mysister

(suspend)fromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.

3.Whydoweneedtoissuea

(declare)fromthissummit?

4.Studentsareallowed

(take)EuropeanhistoryandAmericanhistory.

5.MrSmithmadean

(appoint)forhissontoseethedoctor.

6.Theparentsfeltashamedfortheirsonwhenhe

(dismiss)bytheboss.

saleswomenwassuspendeddeclarationtotakeappointmentwasdismissed在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：Ifalittlehuman-likerobotbeggedyounottoshutitoff,wouldyoushowsympathy?Inanexperiment1.

(intend)tofindouthowpeopletreatrobotswhentheyactlikehumans,manyparticipantsstruggledtopowerdownabeggingrobotnamedNao.2.

experimentwasconductedbyresearchersinGermany,whosefindings3.

(publish)inthescientificjournalPLOSONE.

TherobotNao,4.

wasdesignedtobegabouthalfoftheparticipantsnottoswitchitoffbutnottheotherhalf,wasused5.

(measure)ifhisbeggingaffectedhowpeoplereacted.

intendedThewerepublishedwhichtomeasure在以下空格内填入一个单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空：Inonepreviousexperiment,researchersfoundthatpeoplepreferredcommunicatingwithrobotswithcomplementary(互补的)personalitycharacteristicstotheirown.Andsincerobotscanexhibitsocialcharacteristicseither6.

(speak)withhumanvoicesortakingtheshapeofahumanbody,theresearch7.

(suggest)thatpeopletendtoreact“8.____________(especial)socialtothem”.

Theresearcherssaidapossible9.

(explain)fortheirresultswasthatpeopleregardedNao’sbegging10.____“asignofmakingitsowndecision”.

speakingsuggestsespeciallyexplanationasThefollowingpassageisnotfiction,butmorelikeatruestory.Thebossarrangedanappointmentforthesaleswomantotalkwithacustomer.Hedidthisinordertotestoutherintegrity.Hepromisedtoraisehersalaryandevengiveherabonusifshesucceeded.Sheknewthattoclimbtheladderofsuccessshecouldn'tmisstheopportunity.Butitseemedtoherthatthebosswasdoingsomethingabsurd.Maybetherewassomethingwrongwithhermakeup,likeherrednails.Thebossclaimedthatthesaleswomanwasguiltyandsuspendedherfromherpost.Thenhedeclaredshewouldbedismissed,whereasshetriedtojustifyherdignity.Shethoughtitwasridiculousofthe