2021年北京市高三普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷05

021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷英语一、听力理解（共25小题，25分。每小题1分）略二、完形填空（共15小题，15分。每小题1分）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Thesedays,teenagersareoftenaddictedtotheircellphonesorotherelectronicdevices.Theyareoftenso___1___withwhat'shappeningonsocialmediathattheyoften___2___what'sgoingonaroundthem.Butyou___3___can'tsaythataboutthis17yearoldboy.Seeinghowtheteenhelpedanelderlywomanwhowas___4___attheDollarGeneraljustrestoredmy___5___inour___6___!17yearoldSenquaviousDriverjoinedhis___7___,Connie,foratriptotheDollarGeneral.They'dfinishedshoppingandwerestartingtopulloutwhenSenquaviousnoticedawomaninhereightiesstrugglingtogetoutofher___8___.Shesucceededbutwashavingtroublewalking.Senquaviouswastednotimeingtothe___9___！Theteenjumpedoutofhisaunt'scarwithouthesitation.Hehelpedtheelderlywomantothesidewalkand____10____walkinghertothestore.Shewastheretogetsoda,butcouldhardlywalk.Thewomanexplainedthatshe'd____11____,hurtingherbackandface.So,Senquaviousstayedwithher,helpedhergethershoppingdone,andthensawherbacktohercar.Hisauntwatchedhimhelpthewoman,____12____byhernephew'spassion.Shetooksomephotos.“Iwasin____13____takingpicturesbecausehedidn'thesitatetohelpher,andthatmademedelighted,”shesaid.Connieproudly____14____thephotosofhernephew'sactof____15____onFacebook,saying,“Ihopehecontinuestodogreatthingsinhislife.”1.A.concerned B.associated C.content D.abundant2.A.remind B.review C.ignore D.notice3.A.temporarily B.actually C.basically D.certainly4.A.moving B.plaining C.struggling D.driving5.A.prejudice B.faith C.respect D.budget6.A.age B.youth C.childhood D.experience7.A.aunt B.mother C.teacher D.grandma8.A.car B.store C.home D.sidewalk9.A.conclusion B.rescue C.end D.point10.A.considered B.stopped C.continued D.began11.A.driven B.walked C.grasped D.fallen12.A.amazed B.inspired C.attracted D.touched13.A.sweat B.tears C.relief D.silence14.A.chose B.remembered C.shared D.described15.A.bravery B.kindness C.sympathy D.gratitude【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.C5.B6.B7.A8.A9.B10.C11.D12.D13.B14.C15.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了17岁的少年Senquavlous帮助一位走路吃力的老妇人的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周围发生的事情。A.concerned关心的；B.associated关联的；C.content满意的；D.abundant丰富的。根据后文“withwhat'shappeningonsocialmediathattheyoften_____what'sgoingonaroundthem”可知，他们非常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，短语beconcernedwith表示“关心”。故选A。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周围发生的事情。A.remind提醒；B.review复习；C.ignore忽视；D.notice注意到。结合后文“what'sgoingonaroundthem”以及上文提到他们的注意力都在社交媒体上，所以会忽视身边正在发生的事情。故选C。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但你肯定不能这么说这个17岁的孩子。A.temporarily临时地；B.actually实际上；C.basically基本上；D.certainly肯定，当然。根据下文Senquavious帮助了老妇人的情节可知，你肯定不会这么说这个17岁的孩子。故选D。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在DollarGeneral帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A.moving移动；B.plaining抱怨；C.struggling挣扎；D.driving驾驶。根据下文“Senquavlousnoticedawomaninhereightiesstrugglingtogetoutofhercar”可知，这个老妇人在挣扎着从车里出来。故选C。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在DollarGeneral帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A.prejudice偏见；B.faith信心；C.respect尊重；D.budget预算。根据上文语境可知，这个孩子的行为和大多数青少年的行为不一样，故可推知，此处表示这位少年的行为让作者对年轻人恢复了信心。faith意为“信心”，符合语境。故选B。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何在DollarGeneral帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人，我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A.age年纪；B.youth年轻人；C.childhood童年；D.experience经历。根据上文对当今青少年行为的描述以及这位名叫Senquavious的少年的表现可知，此处表示作者恢复了对年轻人的信心。youth意为“年轻人”，符合语境。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：17岁的SenquavlousDriver和他的阿姨Connie一起去了DollarGeneral购物。A.aunt阿姨；B.mother母亲；C.teacher老师；D.grandma祖母。根据下文中的“Theteenjumpedoutofhisaunt'scar”可知，他是和自己的阿姨Connie一起去购物的。故选A。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们结束购物，正准备离开时，Senquavious注意到一位80多岁的老太太正挣扎着从车里出来。A.car汽车；B.store商店；C.home家；D.sidewalk人行道。根据上文“They’dputdowntheirshoppingandwerestartingtopullout”以及后文“sawherbacktohercar”可推知，他们是结束购物，正准备开车离开时看到这个老太太正挣扎着从车（car）里出来的。其他选择不符合语境。故选A。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Senquavious立即前来援助！A.conclusion结论；B.rescue援助，营救；C.end结束；D.point要点。根据上文的havingtroublewalking可知，老人走路有困难，由此可推知，Senquavious是去帮忙。etothe/one'srescue意为“救助某人”，符合语境。故选B。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把老妇人扶到人行道上，继续跟着她进了商店。A.considered考虑；B.stopped停止；C.continued继续；D.began开始。根据后文withherintothestore可知，把老妇人扶到人行道上后他并没有马上离开，而是继续把她送进商店。故选C。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子解释说，她最近摔倒了，背部和脸部都受了伤。A.driven驾驶；B.walked走路；C.grasped抓牢；D.fallen摔倒。根据本空后的“hurtingherbackandface”可知，这个老妇人最近摔倒过一次。故选D。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的阿姨在一旁看着，被侄儿的怜悯心感动了。A.amazed大为惊奇的；B.inspired受到鼓舞的；C.attracted被吸引的；D.touched感动的。结合后文“hernephew'spassion”可推知，他的阿姨应是深受感动。touched意为“受感动的”，符合语境。故选D。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我哭着拍照片，因为他毫不犹豫地帮助她，这让我很开心，”她说。A.sweat汗水；B.tears眼泪；C.relief减轻；D.silence沉默。上文说Senquavious的行为让康妮深受感动，由此可推知，此处指康妮被感动得泪流满面。tear意为“眼泪”，符合语境。故选B。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Connie自豪地在Facebook上分享了她侄子的善举，她说:“我希望他能继续在他的生活中做好事。”A.chose选择；B.remembered记得；C.shared分享；D.described描述。根据本空后“thephotosofhernephew'sactof_____onFacebook.”可知，姑姑在脸书上分享了侄子善行的照片。故选C。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Connie自豪地在Facebook上分享了她侄子善举，她说:“我希望他能继续在他的生活中做好事。”A.bravery勇敢；B.kindness善举；C.sympathy同情；D.gratitude感激。根据上文对Senquavious热心助人的事件的描述和下文的“Ihopehecontinuestodogreatthingsinhislife”可推知，她的侄子做了一件善事。kindness意为“善良”，符合语境。帮助别人是一种善行。故选B。三、阅读理解（共20小题，40分，每小题2分）第一节阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。APacific◆VisitPacificDon'tforgettostopbyPacificScience◆Hungry?Ourexhibitswillfeedyourmind,butwhataboutyourbody?Ourcaféoffersapletemenuoflunchandsnackoptions,inadditiontoseasonalspecials.ThecaféislocatedupstairsinBuilding1andisopendailyuntilonehourPacific◆RentalInformationLockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatedinBuilding1neartheInformationDeskandinBuilding3.PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.◆SupportPacificSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry－basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandmunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazingacplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.VisittofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacific16.WherecanyoubuyasouveniratPacificA.InBuilding1. B.InBuilding3. C.AttheLaserDome. D.AttheDennyWayentrance.17.WhatdoesPacificA.Trainscienceteachers. B.Distributesciencebooks.C.Inspirescientificresearch. D.Takesciencetotheclassroom.18.Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?A.Toencouragedonations. B.Toadvertiseingevents.C.Tointroducespecialexhibits. D.TotellabouttheCenter'shistory.19.Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat______?A.It’saplacewherepeoplearefed.B.It’saplacewherepeoplegoshopping.C.It’saplacewherepeoplepickupsouvenirsD.It’saplacewhichinspirespeople’spassionforscience.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。作者从四个方面介绍了PacificScienceCenter的相关信息。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thestoreislocated(位于)upstairsinBuilding3rightnexttotheLaserDome.(该商店位于3号楼楼上，紧挨着LaserDome)”可知，PacificScienceCenter的购物店在LaserDome旁边的3号楼上。故选B。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry－basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandmunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.(今天，太平洋科学中心每年为超过130万人提供服务，并将探究式的科学教育带到华盛顿州的课堂和社区活动中)”可知，现在PacificScienceCenter每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到教室。故选D。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“VisittofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.(访问可以找到支持太平洋科学中心的各种方式)”可推知，文章最后一段的作用在于呼吁读者支持PacificScienceCenter，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选A。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Since1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.(自1962年以来，太平洋科学中心一直在激发对科学、数学和技术的发现和终身学习的热情)”可知PacificScienceCenter是一个能够激发人们对于科学探索和终生学习的地方。故选D。BFifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic(全景的)viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat..Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉)andfrozenonsomestranger’sbedroomwall?Abedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized(使……永存).Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachothers,spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,andthatweallshareamondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.20.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?AHercamerastoppedworking. B.Awomanblockedherview.C.Someoneaskedhertoleave. D.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.21.Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably.A.enjoyingherself B.losingherpatienceC.waitingforthesunset D.thinkingaboutherpast22.Intheauthor’sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?A.Therichcolorofthelandscape.B.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.C.Thewoman’sexistenceinthephoto.D.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.23.Thepassagecanbeseenastheauthor’sreflections(反思)upon.A.aparticularlifeexperience B.thepleasureoftravelingC.theartofphotography D.alostfriendship【答案】20.B21.A22.C23.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者无奈拍摄的一张被女人干扰的照片却显得尤为生动，通过这件事作者也明白了共享的美丽。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.”（不幸的是，正当我拿出我的相机时，一个女人从后面出来，刚好置身于我的视线之前）可知，一位女士挡住了作者的视线。故选B。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.”（她似乎很满意自己的所见）可知，这位女士可能玩的很开心。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.”（现在，当我看着这张照片时，我觉得她在照片中的存在让照片更有趣。风景本身很美丽，不知怎么的，因为这位女士的存在而显得更加生动）可知，这位女士在照片里的存在使照片更加生动。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。最后两段内容“Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,andthatweallshareamondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.”（或许这就这张照片的意义：提醒我们，我们都欣赏美，我们都有共同的渴望，渴望快乐、渴望联系、渴望比我们更伟大的东西。这张照片是一个提醒，一个捕捉到的瞬间，以及两个女人之间隔着薄薄方形玻璃的无声对话）可知，这是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟。由此推知，这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。CTherearenowmanyproductsandservicesonthemarketwhicharesimilarincontentthoughproducedbydifferentpanies.Itisvitaltherefore,forapanytodistinguishitselffromitspetitorsbyhavingastrongpanyimagewhichisimmediatelyrecognizable.Logosarepartofthisimage.Theyaresymbolswhichoftenincludeanameorinitialstoidentifyapany.Thelogoestablishesavisualidentityforthepany,justasdifferentgroupsofyoungpeopleexpresstheiridentitythroughhairstylesandclothes.Allgroupsfromallculturesandthroughouttheageshaveusedcolorsandsymbolstoshowtheiridentity.Indifferentcultures,differentcolorscarrydifferentmeanings.Somecolorsmaybeconnectedwithcoldnessinonecultureandwithwarmthinanother;somecolorsrepresentlifeinoneculturebutdeathinanother.Internationalpanieshave,therefore,tomakesurethattheirlogoswillnotbemisunderstoodindifferentcountries.Thelogosoflargeinternationalpaniesareinstantlyrecognizablethroughouttheworld.OneofthemostfamouslogosisthatofCocaCola.Thedesignofthewords“CocaCola”hasnotchangedsince1886,althoughthesurroundingdesignhasbeenchangedfromtimetotime.Manypanieshave,overtheyears,renewedtheirlogostofitinwithcontemporarydesignandtopresentmorepowerfulimages.panylogoscanbeemotiveandcaninspireloyaltybyinfluencingthesubconscious(潜意识).Somelogosincludeanideaoftheproduct:thesteeringwheelintheMercedeslogo,forexample,andtheaeroplanetailofAlitalia.Logosareusedonpackagingandbrochuresaswellasontheproductitself.Theymayalsoappearinnewspapersorontelevisionaspartofanadvertisingcampaign.paniesneedtohaveastrongcorporateidentity.Thelogohelpstopromotethisimageandtofixitinthemindsoftheconsumers.Logos,therefore,needtobeoriginalandtohaveimpactandstyle.24.Themostbasicfunctionofapany’slogoisto_______.A.describethebusinessthepanyisengagedfortheconsumersB.distinguishthepanyfromitsrealisticandpotentialpetitorsC.projectapositiveimageofthepanyanditsproductsorservicesD.maketheproductsandservicesofthepanymorerecognizable25.Whyshouldcautionbeexercisedintheuseofcolors?A.Colorsmaybemisinterpretedindifferentcultures.BColorsarenotthebesttoolstoidentifyapany.C.Colorsmayrepresentdeathinsomecultures.D.Internationalpaniesarecarefulabouttheuseofcolors.26.BycitingthelogoofCocaCola,theauthortriesto.A.explainthenameofapanyshouldremainunchangedB.ensurethatthelogoshouldnotbemisinterpretedindifferentculturesC.statethesurroundingdesignofthelogocanalwaysbechangedD.illustratetheimportanceofhavingarecognizableimage27.Intheviewoftheauthor,awinninglogoshouldaimat.A.fittinginwiththecontemporarydesignB.inspiringloyaltyfromtheconsumersC.displayingoriginalityandimpactD.promotingastrongcorporateidentity【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。要想在众多同行业公司中脱颖而出,就要有鲜明的公司形象。商标是公司形象的重要组成部分。商标的组成要素、颜色、可辨识度等都是影响公司形象的重要因素。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Itisvital,therefore,forapanytodistinguishitselffromitspetitorsbyhavingastrongpanyimagewhichisimmediatelyrecognizable.”（因此，对于一个公司来说，通过拥有一个可以立即被识别的强大的公司形象来区别于它的竞争对手是至关重要的。）可知，公司标志最基本的功能是将公司与其现实的和潜在的竞争对手区分开来。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Indifferentcultures,differentcolorscarrydifferentmeanings.Internationalpanieshave,therefore,tomakesurethattheirlogoswillnotbemisunderstoodindifferentcountries.”（在不同的文化中，不同的颜色承载着不同的含义。因此，跨国公司必须确保他们的标志不会在不同的国家被误解。所以颜色在不同的文化中可能会被误解。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“Thelogosoflargeinternationalpaniesareinstantlyrecognizablethroughouttheworld.”（大型国际公司的标志在全世界都能一眼认出来。）可推知，通过引用可口可乐的标志，作者试图说明有一个可识别的形象的重要性。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Logos,therefore,needtobeoriginalandtohaveimpactandstyle.”（因此，商标必须是原创的，具有影响力和风格。）可知，在作者看来，一个成功的商标应以展示独创性和影响力为目标。故选C。DSkepticsarestrangealot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenvironmentandtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The"ecoguilt"broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorefortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe"realstateoftheworld"asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustryfundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg'sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat"AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown."Suchonesidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's"preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible".Acriticaleyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterest.Peoplemightbeehalfblindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That'sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas"skeptics"?A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof"ecoguilt".B.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.C.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.D.Peoplewhospreadfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.29.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg'sbooks?A.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.B.Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.C.Theauthorconvincespeopletospeakfortingworldviews.D.Industry–fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.30.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto_________.A.findfaultwithLomborg'sbookB.voiceadifferentopinionC.challengetheauthorityofthemediaD.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews31.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia'slackofresponsibilityininformation.D.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了，环保怀疑主义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁。BjornLomborg的新书认为现在地球的环境状态良好，《自然》杂志认为他所使用的材料未经检查，结果并不可信。新闻媒体应该呈现所有的客观信息让人们做出自己的决定。【28题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenvironmentandtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.”（他们中的一些人拒绝承认人类活动对环境的严重威胁，并且他们厌倦了那些不同意他们观点的人。），可知一些怀疑主义者拒绝承认人类行为对环境的严重威胁，C项“Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.”（那些不相信我们星球的严重状况的人。）内容与之相符。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustryfundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.”（当然，另一个解释是一些有特殊利益的大企业财大气粗。事实上，Lomborg的观点与一些由行业资助的组织类似，这些组织通过媒体开展了大量活动，让公众对全球变暖等问题感到困惑。），可知Lomborg'sbooks的书很受欢迎是因为他的观点和很多受到工业资助的组织一致，背后有大的企业在维护他们的利益，用Lomborg的观点来混淆视听。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。由第四段“Suchonesidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's"preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible".”（这种片面的观点本应立即受到挑战。但只有一个不同的评论出现在《自然》杂志，这是一个受人尊敬的科学杂志，有特定的读者群。评论指出，Lomborg先生“对未经审查的材料的偏爱令人难以置信”。），可知Lomborg的观点本应该被批评，《自然》杂志就认为Lomborg的观点所使用的材料是未经检查的，他的观点是难以相信的，作者提出《自然》杂志就是为了发出不同的观点。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Acriticaleyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.”（批判的眼光是很有价值的，媒体应该以一种能够让人们做出明智决定的方式来呈现信息。），可知作者认为新闻媒体的批判性眼光很重要，为了让人们做出明智决定，媒体信息的呈现方式很重要，即媒体应该客观批判地呈现所有信息（让人们做出决定）。故选A项。第二节阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Ayoungladywasstandingonthecornerwithamapinherhand.Shelookedpuzzled.Severalpeoplepassedby,lookedatherbutdidnotstop.Iwonderedwhy.Maybeitwasbecauseofthewayshewasdressed.Sheworeadirtydressandlookedpale.AsIcrossedthestreetandcameclosertoherIaskedifshewantedhelp.Shethankedmeandsmiledinrelief.Asitturnedout,shewaslookingforthehospital.Ifeltwonderfuljustreachingout,andtakingthatextramomenttohelp.ManytimesinthesesituationsIendupwalkingapersontowhereheorsheisgoingwhengivingdirectionswouldbetooplicated.Ilikehelpingpeoplethiswayduetomyownexperience.Manyyearsago,wetravelledinJapanandneededdirections.AkindJapanesewhosawourproblemcametousandhelpedusout.Thismanjusttookmyheavybagsandguidedustowhereweneededtobe.WecouldnotspeakanyJapanesewhilethemancouldnotspeakanyEnglish.Althoughwecouldnotmunicatethroughwords,wemunicatedthroughtheheart.SometimeswhenIdoaspecialfavourforastranger,thepersonwillsay,“IhopeIcandosomethingforyouonedaytoreturnthefavour.”Theyalreadyhavedonesomethingformebygivingmetheopportunitytohelpthem.ButIhopethatwhentheyeacrossasituationwheresomeoneneedstheirhelp,theywillbewillingtoreachoutaswell.32.Whydidn’tthosepassersbygiveahelpinghandtotheyounglady?(nomorethan10words)33.Whatwastheyounglady’sproblem?(nomorethan10words)34.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?(nomorethan20words)35.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?(nomorethan15words)【答案】32.Maybeitwasbecauseofthewayshewasdressed.33.Shedidn’tknowthewaytothehospital./Shewaslookingforthehospital.34.Itendtoshowher/himdirectlytothedestinationinsteadofjustgivingdirections.35.Reachoutaslongasyoucanwhensomeoneneedsyourhelp.【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过作者的亲身经历来说明帮助别人是很有意义的，要尽可能地去帮助需要帮助的人，把爱心传递下去。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Maybeitwasbecauseofthewayshewasdressed.（也许是因为她的穿着。）”可知过路人不给这位女士提供帮助的原因是她的着装。故答案为Maybeitwasbecauseofthewayshewasdressed。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shethankedmeandsmiledinrelief.Asitturnedout,shewaslookingforthehospital.（她谢过我，松了一口气，笑了，原来她是在找医院。）”可知她在找医院，即她不知道医院怎么走。故答案为Shedidn’tknowthewaytothehospital./Shewaslookingforthehospital。【34题详解】词句猜测题。划线句子的下文是对划线句子句意的进一步说明。根据划线句子的下文“Ilikehelpingpeoplethiswayduetomyownexperience.Manyyearsago,wetravelledinJapanandneededdirections.AkindJapanesewhosawourproblemcametousandhelpedusout.Thismanjusttookmyheavybagsandguidedustowhereweneededtobe.（我喜欢这样帮助别人是因为我的一次经历。很多年前，我们在日本旅行，找不到方向了。一个善良的日本人发现了我们的问题，来帮助我们。这个人帮我拿着我沉重的行李，带我们去了该去的地方。）”可知作者通过自己的这次经历学会了直接把问路的人带到目的地，而不是只告诉他/她路线的这种帮助人的方式。故答案为Itendtoshowher/himdirectlytothedestinationinsteadofjustgivingdirections。【35题详解】推理判断题。文章前几段叙事，最后一段总结点题，根据最后一段的最后一句“Theyalreadyhavedonesomethingformebygivingmetheopportunitytohelpthem.ButIhopethatwhentheyeacrossasituationwheresomeoneneedstheirhelp,theywillbewillingtoreachoutaswell.（他们已经为我做了一些事情，给了我帮助他们的机会。但我希望，当他们遇到有人需要他们帮助的情况时，他们也会愿意伸出援手。）”可知作者希望得到帮助的人在别人需要帮助时也要能伸出援手，我们要尽可能地帮助需要帮助的人。故答案为Reachoutaslongasyoucanwhensomeoneneedsyourhelp。四、书面表达（共1小题，20分）36.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信向你咨询中西方餐桌礼仪的差异，以避免与东方人一起吃饭时出现尴尬局面，请根据下列要点写一封回信。1.西方人准时到达而中国人提前到达宴会现场；2.西方人的餐具为刀叉而中国人用筷子；3.中国人共用桌上的饭菜，西方人只吃自己的那盘菜，且中国人一般吃不完饭菜，西方人会吃光；4.饮酒时西方人只喝一口，而中国人一饮而尽；敬酒时中国人举杯且碰杯，而西方人只举杯；5.餐后西方人吃甜食而