功能主义翻译理论下的篮球新闻翻译-以NBA新闻为例

TranslationofBasketballNewsunderFunctionalistTranslationTheory——TakingNBANewsasanExampleAbstract:Sportsnewsisthemainmediumforthegeneralpublictounderstandsportsevents,butthetranslationofsportsnewsbetweendifferentlanguagesisnecessaryandinevitable;however,theresearchofscholarsathomeandabroadhasfocusedonsportsnewsornewstranslation.Deeperintegrationisless.Newsisareportonthelatestfacts.Itplaysanimportantroleinthemassmedia,whichistoattracttheattentionofthereadersandsendtheminformationaboutwhatishappening.Intoday'sworld,internationalexchangesaregettingcloserandcloser.Chinaneedstounderstandtheworld,butalsoneedstheworldtounderstandChina,andtheworldtounderstandChinainatimelymanner.ThismakesEnglishtranslationofsportsnewsreportsparticularlyimportant.InthefieldofEnglishtranslationofnews,English-Chinesetranslationstudiesarerare.Inaddition,newstranslationstrategiesanddeepculturalissuesreflectedbythemhavenotreceivedenoughattention.Theaimofthisessayistoresearchfromtheperspectiveoffunctionalisttranslationtheory,throughtheexternalfactors(coveringthefeaturesofsportsnewsandthepurposeofsportsnewstranslation)andinternalfactors(includinglexicallevel,syntacticlevelanddecorativelevel)ofNBAnewstranslation.Thepurposeofthisarticleistostudyfromtheperspectiveoffunctionalisttranslationtheory,toprovideeffectivetranslationstrategiesandtranslationstandardsforthetranslationofEnglishbasketballnews,toimprovethequalityofEnglishbasketballtexttranslators,andtopromotethedevelopmentandimprovementofthetranslationofbasketballEnglishnewsinChina.Keywords:Functionaltranslation;Englishnews;Basketballnews一、IntroductionIntheeraofglobalization,thereareincreasingnumberofcross-culturalexchanges,whichinvolvedifferentculturesandconceptsallovertheworld.Agrowingnumberofcountrieshavebeenawareofthesignificanceofinformationinterchangeandinternationalcommunication.WiththedevelopmentofChinatoothercountriesandtherapiddevelopmentofinternationalexchanges,peoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontotheinfluenceofsportsnewsontheoutsideworld.Asthemaintoolofinternationalcommunication,Internethasacrucialpartintalkingwithothercountriesandconveyingresultfulinformationtotheworld.WiththeincreasingnumberofInternetusers,theaudienceusingtraditionalmediaasatoolforcommunicationbeginstodecrease,andtheInternetaudiencegraduallypresentsadramaticgrowth.Therefore,thecurrentnewstranslationisveryimportantinsatisfyingtheneedsofInternetnewsaudiences.Thereisnodoubtthatnewstranslationisregardedasalinkofcommunicationinmodernsociety.However,atpresent,therearefewstudiesonnewstranslation,someofwhichonlyfocusonthelinguisticfeaturesofnewsreports,whileothersonlyfocusonwritingskills.However,therearelittlein-depthresearchesonthetheoreticalguidanceofcurrentnewsreports.Thepurposeofthispaperistoexplorethemaininfluencingfactors,translationtheoriesandtranslationprinciplesofcurrentsportsnewsEnglishtranslationonthebasisoffunctionalisttranslationtheory,andtobeacompleteknowingofthecurrentsportsnewstranslation.Atpresent,lotsofEnglishjournalsandmagazineshavebeencameoutinChinesebasketballcircle.Thepurposeofthesenewspapersandmagazinesistoinformthenationalbasketballnewsaudience.InChina,manytranslationagenciesprovideChinawithinformationaboutinternationalorforeignbasketballgamestotranslatebasketballnewsinEnglish.However,sometranslationsarefarfromtheoriginal.Intheprocessoftranslation,manyfactorsareinvolved.Amongthem,Extrinsicandintrinsicfactorsarethemostrepresentativefactorsinsportsnewstranslation,includingthetranslationcharacteristicsofsportsnews,thepurposeofsportsnewstranslation,thelexicallevel,thesyntacticlevelandtherhetoricallevel,whichareinterdependentandinseparable.Therefore,thisstudywillbeguidedbytheGermanfunctionaltranslationtheory,aimingtoanalyzethetheoreticalprinciplesandinfluencingfactorsinEnglishbasketballtranslation,soastomakethetranslationofbasketballEnglishnewsreadableandacceptable.二、TheoreticalBackgroundBasedonthetexttypetheory,loyaltyprincipleandskopostheoryofNBAsportsnewstranslation,thispaperclassifiesandsummarizesthetranslationfeaturesofbasketballnewsunderthetheoryoffunctionaltranslation,andhelpsscholarstohaveadeeperunderstandingofbasketballnewstranslationunderthetheoryoffunctionaltranslation.2.1TextTypeTheoryTexttypesaredividedintoexpressivetext,informationaltext,andcallingtextbyNewmark(ChenZhuojuan,2018:45).AccordingtoNewmark,expressivetextsusuallyuseexaggerated,figurativeandanthropomorphicrhetoric,aswellassomepersonalwordandphrasepatternstoexpresstheauthor'sattitude,emotionandvalueorientation.Informationaltextreferstothetextprimaryusedtoexpressmessageandmirrorimpersonalitytruth,becauseitslanguageisgenerallynotwithpersonalcolor,usuallyusingcommonsentenceSettingsandpatterns,suchastextbooks,academicpapers,conferenceminutesandsoon(DuanXiaokun,2019:38).Theappealtextemphasizesattentiontothereader,anditspurposeistoencouragereaderstoexperience,considerandbehavioraccordingtotheauthor'sintention,mainlyincludingadvertisements,pamphletsandbrochures.Newmarkalsoemphasizedthatthedivisionoftextisnotcategorical,andthatmosttextsuseallfeatures,onlyoneortwoofwhichdominate.Meantime,communicativetranslationandSemantictranslationareproposedbyNewmark(GaoJie,HuangZhi,2019:154).AccordingtoNewmark,semantictranslationshouldnotonly"translatethekontekstoweideaofthesourcearticleasaccuratelyaspossiblewithinthesemanticandsyntacticstructureofthetargetlanguage",butalso"considertheaestheticvalueofthesourcetext"(HanWei,2019:32).Tobespecific,expressivetextshouldmainlyadoptsemantictranslation.Sincetheauthorisatthecenter,thetranslatormuststrivetobeclosertothesourcetextintermsofstyle,sentencestructureandwordorder.TheCommunicativetranslationcodesoftenappearinmessageandcalltext.Forinformationaltext,thetranslatorcantranslateitintothelanguagethetargetreadersareusedto,don'tlimityourselftotheoriginallanguageform,butmustaccuratelyconveythecontentandinformationoftheoriginal.Forthecallingtext,inordertomakereadersrespondtotheauthor'sintention,thetranslatorcanreorganizethelanguagestructureaccordingtotheneeds,orevensacrificepartoftheoriginalinformationtomakethetranslationtrueandsmooth.Newmarkstressesthatforaparticulartext,itcannotsimplybesaidthatsemanticorcommunicativetranslationisbetter.Forexample,ininformation-orientedtext,whenthetranslationcontainsSuggestions,explanations,etc.,itmaybemorecommunicativethantranslatingotherdescriptiveparagraphs(Godeau,1974:125).Therefore,thespecifictextshouldbeanalyzedbythetranslatortodeterminehowtousethetwotranslationmethodsdialectically.2.2LoyaltyPrincipleNordproposedtheprincipleofloyalty,andhefoundtwolimitations(oneisthattheprincipleofloyaltycannothelpthetranslatorfullymeetalltheneedsofallreaders;theotheristhatinthistheory,individualdifferencesamongtranslatorsareinevitable.)inhisstudyofSkopostheory.First,duetotheexpectedvaluedifference,thepurposeoftranslationcannotsatisfyallreaders.Second,thetheoryisrelatedtotheauthorandtranslation.Consideringtheseshortcomings,theloyaltyprinciplewasproposedbyNordtosolvesomeproblems,suchasculturaldifferencesandtherelationshipbetweentranslators.Shebelievesitisthetranslator'sresponsibilitytoexplaineverythingintheoriginaltexttotherecipientofthetargettext(ShiMengying,2019:55).Inotherwords,hebelievesthattheloyaltyprincipleismainlyrelatedtotherelationshipbetweenthetranslatorandtheoriginalauthor,sothetranslatorshouldbeloyaltotheoriginalauthor.However,thetranslationmaynotmeettheanticipationsoftheaudience.Thetranslatorhasadutytobemorallyloyaltothereaderandmustexplainwhythesourcetextisbeingprocessedinhisownway.First,theauthoroftheoriginaltextshouldberespectedbythetranslator;Second,trytoshowtheauthorthepurposeoftheoriginalauthor,andtrytogetascloseaspossibletothetargetintentionofthesourcetextintheprocessoftranslation.2.3SkoposTheorySkoposisaprofessionaltermusedintranslation,meaningtheGreekwordforpurpose.Onthebasisofskopostheory,themaintheorythatdeterminesanyprocessoftranslationistheobjectiveofthewholetranslation.Fromtheperspectiveofskopostheory,Vermeerdistinguishesthreepurposes:1.Translatorsmaydotranslationforaliving;2.Thecommunicationaimofthespecificarticleinthecontextofthetarget(perhapstoguidethereader);3.Thepurposeofaspecifictranslationstrategyorprogram(forexample,thestructuralcharacteristicsofprimitivesaregenerallyreflectedindirecttranslation)(WangKun,2019:12).However,theterm"purpose"involvestothegoaloftheobjectivejournal.SomeoftherelatedtermsusedbyVermeerinthefieldoftranslationincludingpurpose,intent,andfunction(BaSang,2019:40).However,thesetermsaredifferentfromeachother.Purposereferstotheendresultthattheactorintendstoreachthroughabehavior,whilenotionisdefinedas"actionagainstthetarget",indicatingthecorrectwaytoproduceorunderstandthetextintermsofsenderandreceiver.Thefunctionisfromtheperspectiveofthereceiver.Theideasmentionedaboveareeasilyconfusedandconsideredtobeequivalenttoeachother(WangKun,2019:12).三、NBANewsTranslation3.1FunctionalAnalysisofSportsNewsSportsnewshasavarietyofformsandcertainuniquenessanditisnotisolatedfromothersocialactivitiesandhasuniquetextfunctionswithdifferenttexttypesandfunctionaltraits,whichrequeststranslatorstousedifferenttranslationwaysindifferenttranslationsanddividethemaccordingtodifferenttypesandhasuniquetextfunctionswithdifferenttexttypesandfunctionalcharacteristics,whichrequirestranslatorstoapplythetranslationmethodsinvarioustargettextsanddividethemaccordingtodifferenttypes.Asarule,ChineseandEnglishsportsnewsissimilarintexttypeclassification.Journalistsusuallyusethreetextstylestocoversportsnews:livesportsevents,sportsfeatures,andsportscommentary(Janko,2019:65).Thefirsttypeoftextislivesports,whichisstraightuphardnewsthatincludessomefundamentaltruth:what,why,who,when,whereandhow.Theseorganizationalfactorsarereportedinchronologicalorder,oftenintheinvertedpyramidstructure.Livebroadcastofsportseventsisalsothemostpopularbasicformofsportsnews.Thecoverageoftheeventbroadcastisusuallydividedintothreeparts:thetitle,theclueandthebody,focusingontheprogressofthegameandthefinalresultofthegame.Asadirectnewsreport,livebroadcastofsportseventsistime-sensitiveandcannotbedelayed.Thistypeoftextisusuallyintheformofashortpassagethattellsthereaderaboutsomematchinsimplewords.AccordingtoRice'stypologytheory,itisbelievedthatlivebroadcastofsportseventsbelongstoinformationlinetext.Riceemphasizesthatinformationaltexttendstobelogicalandcontent-intensive.Translatorsshouldusesimpletexttoconveythestory(YinYanan,LianPengfei,2017:126).Whentranslatinglivesportsevents,thetranslatorhastherighttosacrificesomeexternalformstoensurethefidelityofthetargettexttothemainfactsandcontentThesecondtypeoftextissportsfeatures.Inordertoachieveinclusivenessandcompleteness,sportsfeaturesfocusonthewonderfulfeaturesinthewholeprocessofsportsevents.Thelivebroadcastofthegameisapanorama,whilethesportsclose-upisanenlargedshot.Sportsfeaturesincludeinformationaboutamajorsportingeventandsubsequentcoverageoftheevent.Sportsfeaturesprovidenotonlyfactsbutalsodetailstocompensatefortheirlackoftimeliness.Thepurposeofthetranslationistoarousetheaudience'sinterestorcuriositysothatthetargettextcanachievetheentertainmentfunction.Sportscommentary,knownasthethirdformofsportsnewstranslation,whichoftencoverstheanalysisofsportsevents.Itisanin-depthreportusingexplanatorytext.Sportscommentaryusuallyreportsontheinfluentialfactorsofsportseventsandthedevelopmenttrendofsportseventsfrommultipleaspects.Unliketraditionalsportsjournalism,sportsreviewsappearfrequentlyinthecolumnsofprofessionalsportsnewspapers.Thewritersofsportsreviewsareusuallyexperiencedjournalistsorsportsmediaexperts.Thepersonalopinionscontainedinareviewarticlearesubjectiveinnature.Andsportsreviewsoftenadopttheformofexplanatoryreportsforinvestigationreports.Thecolumnistexpresseshispositionbycommentingoncurrentsportshotissues.Inanalyzingthefailuresofteamsorplayers,somecolumnistscanalsohelpathletesidentifytheirweaknessesandproblemsandoffereffectiveadviceduringthegame.3.2ExternalFactors3.2.1CharacteristicsofSportsNewsItisundeniablethatNBAsportsnewsintheUKmustfollowthesamerulesassportsnewsinChina.Theyallinvolvethecommonfidelityofinformation,suchaswho,what,when,whereandwhy(Arcas,2002:21).Butbeyondthe5W's,sportsnewsintheNBAhasitsownparticularfunction,unlikeanyothertypeofnews.HerearetheuniquefeaturesofNBAsportsnews.A. AuthenticityisthemostimportantthinginNBAsportsnews,anditisthemostbasicelementofallnews.Ifanewsstorycannotproveitstruthtoreaders,itsvaluewillbegreatlyreduced.Authenticityisthesoulofnews,especiallysportsnews(Madeleine,2018:17).B.Allaudienceswanttobeawareofthelatestinformationtheycareaboutatthefirsttime,soit'seasyforthemtoskipoversportsnewsinformationtheyalreadyknow.Therefore,valuableNBAsportsnewsneedstobetimelyandfresh.C.Sportsnewshasaverycloserelationshipwithitsreaders.Onlywhensportsnewsisacceptedbyreaders,itsinfluencecanbespreadandmorereaderscanbeattracted.D.Everyoneisasubjectivereceiverofnews.NBAnewshasahugereadership,includingpeopleofallRACES,genders,ages,occupationsandnationalities.E.NBAnewsmustbecommercioganicenoughtogetrisetofans’curiosity.Thisrequiresspecialprocessingofthelanguage.F.Innewsreports,NBAnewshasitsownuniquefeaturesinadditiontothesecommonnewsfunctions.Itonlyfocusesonthesportsnewsitisinterestedin.AsNBAfans,theyareeasilyattractedtocertainbasketballtechnicaltermsorterms(suchasteamnamesandplayernames).G.SometimesNBAnewsisdesignedtoreportinformationthatneedstobepredicted.Reportersandcommentatorsoftenneedtopredicttheoutcomebyunderstandingandanalyzingteamtactics,players'skills,andhistoricalrecordsandhonorstatisticsinthecourseofthegametogivereadersaclearpictureofthelikelyoutcome.3.2.2PurposeofSportsNewsTranslationSportsEnglishnewsisnotonlyasourceofmessagetopeople,butalsoacentralhubofcommunicationforpeoplewholikebasketballallovertheworld.However,comparedwithothernews,suchaspoliticsandfinancialnews,sportsEnglishnewshasdistinctiveidioms.Theflexibilityofitslanguageandtheentertainmentofitswordsprovideabroadresearchspaceforthetranslationofsportsnews.Accordingtoskopostheory,translationpurposeisthecentreofthetheoryoffunctionaltranslation,anditisalsoanimportantpreparationforthetranslationofsportsnews(ZhuXu,ZhangSuju,2019:97).Whytranslatesportsnews?Thisisdeterminedbytheinternationalnatureofsports.Sportsnewsattractsmoreattentionworldwidethaneverbefore.Internationalexchangesinsportsrequireagreatdealofinformation.ManyjournalistsareunabletoreportnewsinforeignprimetimeduetolackofEnglishtranslationability,whichrequireseditorstofindprofessionalstotranslatesportsnewscorrectlyinthefirstplace.Differentsportsnewshavedifferentpurposes.Somegymnewsobjecttolettheaudienceknowoftheuptodatematchresults,whileothersexpresstheirattitudetopublicopinionmainlybytryingtodescribedetailedinformation.Ontheonehand,sportsnewsistranslatedtoshowthecharmofsportseventsindifferentcountries(Levitt,2020:12).Taketennisasanexample.Beforetheprosperityoflina,anoutstandingChineseplayer,fewpeoplepaidattentiontotennisnewsinternationally.Butrecently,thankstoalargenumberoftennisnewsreportstranslatedintootherlanguages,sportsfansinothercountrieshavebeenabletokeepupwiththelatestinformationabouttennis.Inshort,Effectivesportsculturecommunicationisthemeaningofsportsnews,whichmeetstheexpectationoftargetreaders..3.3InternalFactors3.3.1VocabularyLevelInthefirstplace,textistheessentialdistinctionbetweenChineseandEnglishNBAnews.TheEnglishversionofNBAnewsismoredynamicinexpressionthantheChineseversion.WesternnewsmediatendtoreportNBAnewswithpropernounstokeepthelanguagesimpleandsavespace.Propernouns,alsoknownasshortwordsorphrases,areusuallysingle-syllableverbs.Theemployofpropernounshasgreatlyreducedtheextentofjournal.Therefore,providingmorepotentialbenefitstothespaceofnewscoverage(Madeleine,2018:17).Examples:FromthetwodifferentNBAnewslanguageversions,itisnothardtoseewiththeuseofsuchassniffing,dumped,blitzed,pinning,slidingandexpiringpropernouns,suchasthelengthoftheEnglishversionismuchshorterthanit.ComparedwithChineseNBAnews,EnglishNBAnewsusesverbsmoreappropriately.Thisissimplybecausethebrevityofpropernounsallowsverbswithaextensivescopeofsensesandareoftenvivid(Larraya,2018:21).3.3.2SyntacticLevelThebiggestprinciplesofEnglishNBAjournalismarefocusandbrevity.Intermsofgrammarandlogic,theChineseversionhasmoreNBAnewsthantheEnglishversion.Inordertousethefewwordstoprovidethemostinformation,theEnglishversionofNBAnewsoftenbreaksdownlongersentencestructuresintoblockphrases.Insomecases,abbreviationsandsimplificationsarethemostcommongrammaticalformsofEnglishNBAnews(Soares,2018:21).ThepresenttenseismostusedinEnglishNBAnews.Itcanemphasizetheauthenticityandpromptnessofeventsandcommunicatewithaudiencesmoreclosely,andresonatewiththeresultsofsportsevents,delighttheminanticipationoftheoutcome,shockthemintheunacceptableresultofwinning,andsoon.ThepresenttenseisacommontenseinmostNBAEnglishnews.Herearesomeexamples:Examples:English：Chinese：Itiseasytoseethatinthesecases,iftheinformationatagiventimeshashappenedorwillhappen,itmeansthatthepasttenseneedstobeusedinthenews,notintheothertense.3.3.3RhetoriclevelAsmentionedabove,TheexpressiveandinformationalfunctionsplayanimportantroleinNBAnews.AmericanculturehasgreatlyinfluencedNBAnews.Inorderwords,theNBA’suniqueculturalcontextdeterminestherhetoricofNBAnews.ComparedwithnewsofNationalBasketballAssociationinChina,theEnglishversionismoreacceptable,straightforwardandvividinrhetoric,andalsogivespeopleasenseofhumor.Incontrast,theChineseversionofNBAnewsismorepoeticinitsemotionalexpression(Woodhouse,2004:107).Examples:Intheabovecases,itisclearthatduetothelonghistoryofChinesepoetry,alotofallusionshavebeenusedinNBAnewstranslation.Insomespecificcases,quotingChinesepoetryhasthecharacteristicsofexpressivenessandunderstandabilityforsportsnewsreports.ComparedwiththeEnglishversionofNBAnews,theChineseversionismorerhetorical.Butsometimesthefancywordsmeannothing.四、Basketballnews4.1ExternalFactorsBeforereadingthetext,analyzethefactorsoutsidethetextbyobservingtheuseofthetext.Externalelementsaresocialelementsstandaloneofthearticleitself.Forexample,audienceshavecertainanticipationsforthetargetarticle.Therefore,beforetranslation,itisessentialtounderstandthestylecharacteristicsofthesourcetextandthetargettext'saudiencepositioning,soastodeterminethetranslationpurpose.A.FeaturesofSportsNews a.TimelinessUnlikeothernews,sportsnewsmainlyfocusesoncompetitivesports,soitneedstoprovidetimelyupdates.Spectatorsareeagerforthelatestsportsresultsimmediatelyafterthecompetition.SportsnewsoftenUSESconciselanguageinshortstoriestoreachanaudienceasquicklyaspossible.b.TheAuthenticityAuthenticityistheessenceofallnews,includingsports.Theauthenticityoftheoriginaltextisanimportantprerequisiteforsportsnewstranslation..Thetranslatormustberesponsibleforthefinaltranslationtoguaranteethatthemessageiscorrectinthetranslation.c.InternationalismAsweallknow,sportsnewshasobviouscross-culturalfactors.Manysportsactivitiesbreakdownthelanguagebarrierandbecomeacommunicationbridgethattranscendsnationalandregionalrestrictions.Forexample,inthecaseofexcellentliveNBAgames,theaudiencecanunderstandandenjoythefunoflivebroadcasting.Nomatterwheretheycomefrom,aslongastheyknowtherulesofthebasketballgame,theycancommunicateandcommunicateaboutthesportsevents.d.EntertainmentSportitselfisaformofentertainment,andlotsofexercisesdevelopedfromgamesinoursociallives.Thisisaneventinterrelatedtoalotofotherlifeevents.Asthemainbodyofsportsnews,sportscompetitionfocusesoncoveringathletes.Whatgrabsviewers'attentionisthebackstoryofasportingeventorinterestingteaminformation.Forexample,mostviewerswanttoknowabouttheoff-courtgossipofsportsstars,theincomeoftheteam,therelationshipbetweenthecoachandtheplayer,andsoon,ratherthanjustnoticetheoutcomeofthegame.e.AffinityBecausesportsarefocusedonthepursuitofresults,peoplecanexperiencetheecstasyofvictoryorthefrustrationofdefeatinashortperiodoftime.Andanystoryabouttheteamorplayertheysupportcanchangethemoodoftheaudienceandgreatlyinfluencethewaypeoplethinkaboutsports.B.SportsNewsAudiencesFunctionalisttranslationtheoryregardstranslationasacross-culturalactivity.Itisnecessarytoanalyzetheaudienceofsportsnewsbecauseitcanfulfilltheexpectationoftheaudienceofsportsnews.Accordingtomultiplesurveysofsportsnewsaudiences,Maleaudienceswithhighereducationandmiddleincomearemorelikelytolikesportsnews,whilefemaleaudiencespaylessattentiontosportsnews.Therefore,understandingthecharacteristicsofaudiencesisconducivetoprovidingtherightdirectionforthetranslationoftargettexts.Differentaudienceshavedifferentmotivationsforsportsnews.Activeaudienceswanttoreceivetheenthusiasmbroughtbysportsnews.Theywouldliketoknowthenewestsportsinformationandrelatedinformationatthefirsttime.SomeprofessionalSportsnewspapersaretheirtopchoices,suchasTitanSports.Becausethesourcetexthasahighlevelofprofessionalfunction,translatorsmustbefamiliarwithsportstermsorrelatedrulesfortranslation.Whileordinaryandrandomviewersreadsportsnewsmainlytofocusonidols,gettopicsfrommediareportsandformtheirownopinions.Theyoftenreadsportscolumnsinofficialgeneralnewspapers.Althoughsomeoftheseaudiencesarenotsportsexperts,translatorsarerequiredtotakecaretoexplainsomeprofessionalwordsandavoidusingobscurewords.Theword"backtoback"inprofessionalsports,forexample,meansthatateamisconstantlyplaying.IntheNBA,"backtoback"meanstwosequentialgamesinthevisitingterritory.(DuanXiaokun,2019:11).Inmanysportsreports,theChinesetranslationoftenliterallymeans"backtoback."Accordingtothepointofviewofthispaper,variousaudienceswithdifferentreadingpurposeshavedifferentunderstandings,sotranslatorsshouldtranslatecorrectlyaccordingtodifferentaudiences.4.2InternalFactorsInadditiontotheexternalfactors,translatorsshouldnotignoretheinternalfactorsintextanalysis.Processtheinformationpresentedinthetextbyqueryingthetextordeterminethesubjectofthecontentbyanalyzingthecontext.AccordingtoNord,internalfactorscovermanyaspects,suchaslexicalcharacteristics,sentencestructure,contentandtopic.Thecontentandtopicdeterminetheactualuseofthesentenceandthechoiceofwords.Externalfactorsaffectthetranslationofsportsnewsfromamacroperspectivetodistinguishgeneraltranslationmethods.Theintra-textualfactorfocusesonthedetailsoftranslationandthecontentandtopicofnewsatthesyntacticandlexicallevels.Sportsjournalismhasmanyspecialfeatures,suchasstylisticfeatures,andmanyresponsibilities,suchasdisseminatinginformationandenhancingculturalexchanges..A.SportsNewsTopicsSportsnewsisbasedonalargeamountofnewsmaterialfordifferentsportsevents.Changestoatopicinthesourcetextmaytriggerrelatedchangesintheaimarticle.Translatorscandecideifitisanexactversioncanbemadeorhowtopreparefortranslationbasedonthesubjectofthesportsnews.Thecommonthemeofsportsjournalismistopropagateuniversalinformationaboutsportsaswellasacceleratingculturalexchangeactivity.Sportseventshasbeendeeplyrootedinthesocialactivities,itinourdailysociallife,therearemanytopics,suchasfinancialsubject,entertainmentandpoliticalthemes,intranslationrelatedprofessionalbackground,inadditiontotheneedtohavestrongabilityoflanguageexpression,andalongthedevelopmentofsportsjournalismismorea