山东省济南市2023年高一上学期《英语》期末试卷与参考答案

山东省济南市2023年高一上学期《英语》期末试卷与参考答案第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意，回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Stormy.2.WheredoesthewomanusuallygoatChristmas?A.Toaschool.B.Toherdaughter’s.C.Toavillagenearby.3.Whydoesthewomanstopthemanbuyingbeer?A.Hehasdrunktoomuch.B.Hejustfinishedeating.C.Helooksyoungerthan18.4.Howmanybagsofrubbishhasthewomancollectedintotal?A.Three.B.Four.C.Seven.5.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Havedinner.B.Attendaclass.C.Borrowabook.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题、6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Agymclass.B.Aballgame.C.Arunningrace.7.Howarethespeakerstraveling?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Leavethegallery.B.Gotoheroffice.C.Enjoyart.9.Whatdoesthemanhavetodotoday?A.Finishanorder.B.Takeadayoff.C.Attendameeting.10.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Lookingaroundslowly.B.Returningthenextday.C.Buyingapainting.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whyisthewomanexcited?A.SheisplanninganewdesignB.Sheishelpingtheenvironment.C.Sheisvisitingaplacesheloves.12.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Onaplane.B.Inataxi.C.Onatrain.13.Whenwillthespeakersgoback?A.Intwodays.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inamonth.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A.Impressed.B.Unwilling.C.Disappointed.15.Whogavethespeakerstheticketsfortheballet?A.Alex.B.Mary.C.Linda.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife17.Whydoesthewomanendtheconversation?A.Theshowisabouttostart.B.Shegetsangrywiththeman.C.Themanistalkingtoomuch.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howoftendoestheeventtakeplace?A.Everymonth.B.Everyyear.C.Everyfiveyears.19.Whatisthereasonforthespeakertovolunteer?A.Gainingrichexperience.BFeelingbetterabouthimself.C.Takingupalotoffreetime.20.Whatwillhappennext?A.Foodwillbeserved.B.Newvolunteerswillspeak.C.Awebsitewillbeintroduced.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，ATomTurcichofNewJerseybecamethe10thpersontowalkaroundtheworld.Oversevenyears,hewalked48,000kilometersacrosssixcontinentsand38countries—mostofitwithhisdogSavannah.Afterafrienddiedinanaccidentatage17,Turcichstartedtolookatlifedifferently,anddecidedtogoonajourneyaroundtheworld.IttookovereightyearsofsavingbeforeTurcichfinallylefthishomeonApril2,2015.Aboutfourmonthsintothejourney.TurcichgotSavannahfromananimalshelterinTexas.Shejoinedhimfortherestofthetrip,becomingthefirstdogtowalkaroundtheworld.Thepairwalkedaround30-40kilometersaday,spendingmostnightscamping.Somepartscouldnotbedoneonfoot,however—suchaswhenTurcichandSavannahtookaboatfromUruguaytoAntarctica.Inlate2017,TurcichalsohadtoreturnhometorecoverfromanillnesshegotwhiletravelingthroughIrelandandtheUK.HeandSavannahstartedwalkingagaininMay2018,goingthroughEurope,NorthAfricaandTurkeybeforegettingstuckinAzerbaijanforsixmonthsbecauseoftheCOVID-19.Nowthathe’sbackhome.Turcichsayshewantstostayinoneplaceforawhile—andsharehisexperienceinabook.1.WhatdidTurcichdobeforehisjourney?A.Campwithfriends. B.Savesomemoney.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Keepapetdog.2.WhydidTurcichstophiswalkin2017?A.Hebecamesick. B.Hefeltabittired.C.Heneededmoremoney. D.HegotstuckbyCOVID-19.3.WhatdoesTurcichplantodonext?A.GothroughEurope. B.Startacompany.C.Feedmoredogs. D.Writeabook.答案：1.B2.A3.DBCynthiaRosenzweigwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize.Sheplayedaleadingroleinmodelling(建模)theeffectsofclimatechangeonfoodproduction.Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.SheworkedasagraduatestudentattheGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesintheearly1980s,whenglobalclimatemodelswerebeginningtoshowtheeffectsofhumanrelatedCO2ontheglobalclimate.Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.Cynthiahasstudiedhowfarmerscandealwithclimatechangeandhowagricultureworsenstheproblem.Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.Sheaddedthatgreenhousegasescomefrommanypartsoffoodproduction,includingtheclearingofforestsforfarmland.4.WhathelpsCynthiawintheWorldFoodPrize?A.Thegreatsuccessinspaceresearch.B.TheimportantroleinagriculturalstudiesC.ThestudyofclimateeffectsonfoodproductionD.Thescientificresearchonglobalclimatechange5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutCynthia?A.Theresearchinformation. B.ThechiefachievementsC.Thefamilymembers. D.Thelifeexperiences.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCynthia?A.Hard-working B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Graceful7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Forestsshouldmakeroomforfarmland.B.Foodproductionalsoaffectsclimatechange.C.FarmersrelyonclimateforfoodproductionD.Agricultureisthemainsourceofgreenhousegas.答案：4.C5.D6.A7.BCMathisanecessaryskillthatpeopleusethroughouttheirlives.Unfortunately,manychildrenandadultsfeelstressedandanxiouswhentheyhavetodomath.Theymaybeexperiencingwhatiscalled“mathanxiety”.Becauseofthis,manypeoplebelievethattheyarebadatmathanddon’tlikemath.Arecentresearchhasshownthatsomechildrenasyoungas6yearsoldmayfeelanxiousaboutmath.Ateamofresearchersasked154childreningrades1and2questionslike“Howdoyoufeelwhentakingabigtestinyourmathclass?”Thechildrenexpressedhownervoustheyfeltbypointingtoapositiononascale(刻度)wherethereweredifferentfacesfromaverynervousfaceonthelefttoacalmfaceontheright.Afteransweringthesequestions,thechildrentookamathtest.Theseresearchersfoundthatalmosthalfofthechildrenwhoparticipatedinthestudysaidthattheywereatleastsomewhatnervousaboutdoingmath.Also,childrenwithhighermathanxietygotworsescoresonthemathtest.Scientistshavealsofoundthatmathanxietydevelopsinchildrenwhoexperiencecertainkindsofsocialsituationsthatinfluencetheirthoughtsorfeelings.Thismeansthatthechild’semotions,opinions,orbehaviorsareaffectedbythingsthatotherpeoplesayordo.Forexample,teacherswithhighmathanxietyweremorelikelytohavestudentswithpoorermathachievementsattheendoftheschoolyear.Goodnewsisthatresearchershavefoundtoolstohelppeoplewithmathanxiety.Thesetoolsarecalledinterventions(干预).Forexample,researchersdidaninterventionwheretheyaskedchildrenwithmathanxietytowriteabouttheirmath-relatedworries.Thentheyfoundthatchildren’smathtestscoresimproved.Therefore,itisadvisedtotalktoclassmatesandteachersaboutmathanxiety.Thisisthefirststeptowardhelpingtoreducethepossiblyharmfuleffectsofmathanxiety.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinParagraph1?A.Mathability. B.Stressfullife.C.Mathanxiety. D.Painfulmemory.9.Howdidtheresearchersmeasurekids’anxiety?A.Bymakingamathproject.B.Byrecordingmathscores.C.Byaskingkidsquestions.D.Byshowingteachingproblems.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Anxietydeterminesmathability.B.One’smathanxietycanaffectothers.C.Studentsarebornwithmathanxiety.D.Childrenshouldavoidsocialsituations.11.Whatissuggestedforstudentswithmathanxiety?A.Talkingaboutit. B.Workingharder.C.Usingmathtools. D.Attendinglectures.答案：8.C9.C10.B11.ADArecentstudysuggeststhatwhenitcomestothebenefitsofreading,justdoingitmattersmorethanthecontent.Researchershavefoundthatreadingnovelshelpsthebraindevelopmentinunderstandingothersandimaginingtheworld.Theyalsohavefoundthatpeoplewhospendafewhoursperweekreadingbookslivelongerthanthosewhodon’tread.Buthowtobuildahabitofreading?Likeanyhabit,thetrickisinfiguringoutwhatsuitsyou.Thehardestpartaboutreadingisactuallypickingupabook.Youhavetositdown,pickupabookandstartreading.“IalwayshaveabooknexttowhereverIputmyphone,”MyfriendJimmyoncetoldme.“SoifIwanttocheckmyphone,Iphysicallycanseethebookthere.Ninetimesoutoften.Iendupreadingthebookinsteadofusingmyphonefornothing.”Anotherchallengeistime,andinthatcase,audiobooks(有声书)canbeagoodchoice.Audiobooksaregreatforfillingthemindwhileyou’reonthewaytowork,washingdishesorworkingoutatthegym.Ifyou’restillstuckonthewaytodevelopingareadinghabit,thebestwayistorevisityouroldfavoritebookstogetyouryouthfulreadingpleasure.Youshouldfreeyourselffromtheopinionthatonlyimportantoreducationalbooksareworthreading.There’snoshameinrereadingthebooksthatmadeyoufallinlovewithreadinginthefirstplace.Restartingthepracticeofreadingisalittlelikepickinguppainting.Ittakessomeworktogetintothebeststate,butonceyoubegin,theresultsarebeautifulandsatisfying.12.Whatisthemostdifficultpartinformingthereadinghabit?A.Gettingreadingskills. B.Findingagreatbook.C.Havinglimitedtime. D.Gettingreadingstarted.13.Whatistheadvantageofaudiobooksaccordingtothetext?A.Theyaretimesaving. B.Theyprovidemorepleasure.C.Theyaidbraindevelopment. D.Theyoffermorebookchoices.14.Whyisrereadingoldfavouritebooksagoodidea?A.Ithelpsrestartreading. B.ItisofgreatconvenienceC.Itimprovesthetasteforart. D.Itcanincreaseyourpatience.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Methodofkillingfreetime B.AdvantagesofusingaudiobooksC.Waytochooseeducationalbooks D.Tipsondevelopingareadinghabit答案：12.D13.A14.A15.D第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CyclingisbecomingincreasinglyfashionableinChinaaspeoplebegintopaymoreattentiontotheneedforenvironmentalprotectionandlow-carbontransportation.____16____Manycitizensregardcyclingasaneffectivewayofmakingshort-andmid-lengthtrips.InBeijing,abicyclehighwayconnectingChangpingDistrictwithHaidianDistrictismakingcyclingmuchmoreconvenientforlocalpeople.The6.5-kilometerbicyclepathwasofficiallyopenedonMay31,2019.Alotofpeoplelivealongthehighway.____17____Itisoftenseenthatpeoplenearbycyclehappily.____18____Comparedwithtraditionalbikelanes,thebicyclehighwayisfreefromthecrowdsbothinasubwayandgroundtrafficduringthebusiesthours.Cyclistsdon’thavetoworryaboutthespeedingcars.Cyclistscanalsomovefasteralongthepathasitdoesnothavetrafficlights.____19____Thebikepathhasalsobecomea“must-see”attraction.Itgainshugepopularityamongcyclingclubs,citizensandtouristsvisitingBeijing.____20____EventheCOVID-19wasunabletostoppeople’senthusiasm.Thisbicyclepathisalsoveryhelpfulinexploringwaystodevelopbikingtransportation,andwillguidesimilarplanningandbuildinginthefuture.A.Thebikepathisfasterandsafer.B.Cyclingismuchmoreliketouring.C.Ithasbeenvisitedbyover1millionpeople.D.Itisespeciallywelcomedbypeopleinthecity.E.Morebike-onlyroadswillbebuiltinChinasoon.F.Theycanridefreelyontheopenandwidebikepath.G.Itsavesalotoftimeontheirwaytoandfromthework.答案：16.D17.F18.A19.G20.C第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fiveyearsago,Iwasinchargeofaninterviewgroupformycompany.Wewere____21____withfiguringouthowtohirepeoplewithdisabilitiesandhelpthemsucceedinsidetheorganization.ManyappliedforthepositionI____22____oneofthemwithautism(自闭症).Hewassuitablebutourgroupfeltthatthedisabilitywould____23____himfromlearningtheskillsandbeingsuccessfulintherole.Italkedmyworkmatesintogivinghimarole.____24____,itmeantalottotheman,forhecouldtakethechancetochangehislife.OurHRdepartmentwasnottoosupportivetotakesome____25____sowecouldonlyhirehimasatemporarydesigner.Igavehimalotof____26____andIbecameoneofhisguides.Intheworkplace,themanslowlyandsurely____27____.Thereweremanydifficultiesalongtheway____28____hecametobeacceptedandevenwonmanyfriends.Icontinuedtoguidehim____29____andhelpedhimtogetaroundanumberof____30____.Fastforwardfiveyears,hecalledandtoldmehegotaformal____31____yesterdayfromhismanagerasa____32____workerwithajobtitle.I____33____himandtoldhimthathewastobemoresuccessful.Hewentontosay“Sir,____34____yoursupportalltheseyears,Iwouldnotbehere”.Itoldhim,“Yoursuccessistherewardofyourhardworkanddetermination.You____35____alotofpeoplewithsimilardisabilities.Youinspirethemtoworkhardandmoveforward,intheirworkplaceorintheirlife.”21.A.tasked B.satisfied C.provided D.bored22.A.interviewed B.showed C.gathered D.helped23.A.excuse B.prevent C.shelter D.save24.A.Intotal B.Afterall C.Bycomparison D.Forsure25.A.notes B.steps C.risks D.measures26.A.stress B.lessons C.advice D.papers27.A.suffered B.worsened C.recovered D.adapted28.A.so B.and C.but D.or29.A.easily B.closely C.doubtfully D.secretly30.A.challenges B.positions C.experiments D.punishments31.A.request B.offer C.arrangement D.apology32.A.regular B.serious C.responsible D.unique33.A.comforted B.supported C.recognized D.congratulated34.A.beyond B.under C.without D.through35.A.encourage B.admire C.improve D.attract答案：21.A22.A23.B24.B25.C26.C27.A28.C29.B30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)A阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Adam,afreshmaninseniorhigh,feltquiteconfusedatfirst.Luckily,hisschooladvisergavehimsomesuggestionsonhowtochoose____36____(suit)courses.Afterclass,hejoinedavolunteerclub,____37____helpedthehomelesswithfood.Thoughfacinglotsofchallenges,hewilltrytobewellprepared____38____universityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.答案：36.suitable37.which38.forB阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesewritingsystemplays____39____importantroleinthehistoryofChina’scivilization.AfterEmperorQinshihuang____40____(unite)thesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Thatwritingsystemenablespeopletounderstandeachotherby____41____(write)nomatterwhatdialecttheyspeak.答案：39.an40.united41.writingC阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthe1950s,theEgyptiangovernment’sproposaltobuildanewdamcausedprotests____42____thelocalpeoplewereworriedaboutdestroyingculturalrelics.Acommittee____43____(establish)tolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildings.Withthehelpofglobalcommunity,____44____(temple)andotherculturalrelicswereprotected.AswanDamwasbuilt____45____(successful).Bigchallengesledtogreatsolutions.答案：42.because43.wasestablished44.temples45.successfully第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。46.LittleJerrytriedhardtoke