国家开放大学《管理英语3》综合练习参考答案 - 副本

国家开放大学《管理英语3》综合练习参考答案一、交际用语1.-What'stheweatherlikeinthatarea?-________________A.Very

well.B.It's

rainy.C.Yes,

it's

fine.2.-I'vestartedmyownsoftwarecompany.-________________A.Could

you

tell

me

who

is

the

owner?B.No

kidding!

Congratulations!C.If

I

had

the

money,

I'd

start

one.3.-Don'ttaketoolongatthecoffeeshop.It's14:15.-_______________________________________A.I'll

think

it

over.B.That's

very

kind

of

you.C.I

see.

We

have

30

minutes

left.4.-Niceweather,isn'tit?-_______________________________________A.Yes,

it

is,B.I'm

not

sure,C.You

know

it

well,5.-Hello,I'mHarryPotter.-Hello,mynameisCharlesGreen,but____________________A.call

my

Charles?B.call

me

CharlesC.call

me

at

Charles6.-Let'sgotothelibrarythisafternoon.-_______________________________________A.That's

a

good

idea.B.Yes,

that's

right.C.No.

I

can't.7.-Letmeintroducemyself.I'mSteward．-_______________________________________A.Pleased

to

meet

you.B.What

a

pleasure.C.Thanks

a

lot.8.-Don'ttaketoolongatthecoffeeshop.It's14:15.-_______________________________________?A.I'll

think

it

over.B.That's

very

kind

of

you.C.I

see.

We

have

30

minutes

left.9.-I'mterriblysorrythatI'vespilledsomecoffeeonthetable.-_________________A.I

don't

care.B.It

doesn't

matter.C.Don't

be

sorry.10.-Sosorrytotroubleyou.-_________________A.It's

a

pleasure.B.It's

your

fault.C.I

don't

think

so.11.-Letmeintroducemyself.I'mSteward．-_______________________________________A.Pleased

to

meet

you.B.What

a

pleasure.C.Thanks

a

lot.12.-Sam,thisismyfriend,Jane.-_________________A.I'm

Jack.B.Glad

to

meet

you,

Sam.C.Glad

to

meet

you,

Jane.13.-Howareyouthismorning?-_________________A.It's

still

good.B.It's

too

early.C.Very

well,

thank

you.14.-Sam,thisismyfriend,Jane.-_________________A.I'm

Jack.B.Glad

to

meet

you,

Sam.C.Glad

to

meet

you,

Jane.15.-Lilycomplainsthatshehasnevergotanymail.-______________.Iwillwriteherrightaway.A.That's

impossibleB.She

is

to

blameC.That's

too

bad16.-Howdidyoumissyourtrain?-_______________________A.Never

mind.B.What's

your

proposal?C.Well,

I

was

caught

in

the

traffic

jam.17.-Anysuggestionsfortheproject?-_______________A.I

need

your

advice

on

it.B.I

advise

you

to

put

more

hands

in

this

project.C.Thanks

for

your

suggestions.18.-Let'sgotothelibrarythisafternoon.-_______________________________________A.That's

a

good

idea.B.Yes,

that's

right.C.No.

I

can't.二、选择填空1.________youchangeyourmind,Iwon'tbeabletohelpyou.A.WhenB.UnlessC.So2.They_____leavenextFriday.A.decidedB.decidedtoC.decide3.Normally,theprice____________bemarkedontheshelf.A.issupposedtoB.isunlikelytoC.issimilarto4.The_______storehasrecentlyinstalledanewbookingsystem.A.marketB.stockC.chain5.Theboxwas_______heavyformetolift.A.tooB.suchC.so6.ItwasinJohnson'shotel_____thebusinessmeetingwasheldlastyear.A.whichB.thatC.what7.Ultimately,marketingisdesignedto_____extrarevenue.A.bringinB.bringupC.bringback8.Mary'sfatherisverypleased____her.A.withB.atC.for9.Thebook_____Mike's.Ithashisnameonit.A.havebeB.mustbeC.havetobe10.Eveninsmallcompanies,computersarean______tool.A.essentialB.financialC.individual11.Communityworkerscometo_______rice,vegetables,andotherfood.A.distributeB.analyseC.adjust12.Aretheseshoes____foryou?A.enoughlargeB.largeenoughC.largelyenough13.Isthesupermarket______therightorleft?A.onB.inC.at14.Suchevents_______onlywhentheexternalconditionsarefavourable.A.commitB.causeC.occur15.Howwilltheevaluationofthesefacilitiesbe_____?A.carriedoffB.carriedoutC.carriedaway16.Thebook_____Mike's.Ithashisnameonit.A.havebeB.mustbeC.havetobe17.I'veread_____today.A.anythingspecialB.specialsomethingC.somethingspecial18.TheysetupabranchinChongqingto_________airconditioners.A.measureB.procedureC.manufacture19.Aretheseshoes____foryou?A.enoughlargeB.largeenoughC.largelyenough20.Thiswasthefirsttimeshesawhim____________.A.inplaceB.inpersonC.incase21.Theundergroundconnectionsystemis_______twolevels.A.madeinB.madeupofC.madefrom22.Hewasthefirstpersonto_______theconstructionofthebridge.A.proposeB.recruitC.charge23.They_____leavenextFriday.A.decidedB.decidedtoC.decide24.Thechild______fluentFrench.A.saysB.speaksC.talks25.Thereare_____flowersinthegarden.A.littletwoyellowB.yellowtwolittleC.twolittleyellow26.Themachine_____thismorningfornoreason.A.brokeoffB.brokedownC.brokeup27.Suchevents_______onlywhentheexternalconditionsarefavourable.A.commitB.causeC.occur28.Arecent_______showed68%ofcitizenswereinfavouroftheplan.A.volumeB.surveyC.foundation29.Mikeis______anhonestworker______weallbelievehim.A.so…thatB.such…thatC.as……as30.Maryworksharderthanhersister_____.A.doB.doesC.did31.Whatshedoesisafull-timejob,notan______.A.innovationB.internshipC.improvement32.Priceschangeaccordingto______anddemand.A.supplyB.requirementsC.supervision33.Thereare_____flowersinthegarden.A.littletwoyellowB.yellowtwolittleC.twolittleyellow34.Acarhitherwhenshewaswalking______theroad.A.throughB.acrossC.on35.Anapplicationformwillbesenttoyou_______.A.onrequestB.onarequestC.inrequest36.Weshoulddiscouragepeople_____usingtheircarsinthecitycenters.A.fromB.withC.by37.Yourfriendisforgetfulandoftenforgetsto________assignments.A.slideB.subtitleC.submit38.Thisisveryimportant.You__________remembertoshutdownyourcomputereveryevening.A.oughtB.mustC.can39.Theprojectrequiredaconsiderable________oftimeandeffort.A.installmentB.investmentC.investigation40.Peoplecan______money______bankstogoshopping,evenbuycarsorhouses.A.lend…toB.lend…fromC.borrow…from41.Suchevents_______onlywhentheexternalconditionsarefavourable.A.commitB.causeC.occur42.Hewas_______tiredastobeunabletowalk.?A.suchB.soC.as43.TheaimofOpenUniversityistohelpstudents_______theirdreams.A.assessB.arriveC.achieve44.Beijingisoneof_____intheworld.A.theoldestcitiesB.theoldestcityC.oldestcities45.Icannot_______whentomeetheragain.A.promoteB.predictC.reject46.Thegovernment_____dosomethingaboutthesecompaniesespeciallywhenfoodsafetyisconcerned.A.mayB.canC.should47.Youcanofcoursehelpthelocalschoolbygivingthema________directly.A.allowanceB.compensationC.donation48.I'mused______upearlynow.A.getB.togettingC.toget49._______?you?practise?your?English,?_______?progress?you?will?make.A.emore,thegreaterB.Theless,thegreaterC.Themuch,thegreat50.Normally,theprice____________bemarkedontheshelf.A.issupposedtoB.isunlikelytoC.issimilarto51.These_______weredesignedtoimprovecarsafety.A.employeesB.clientsC.measures52.Youcanrememberwhatyoudoifyou_______.A.takeadiaryB.keepadiaryC.makeadiary53.Thiswasthefirsttimeshesawhim____________.A.inplaceB.inpersonC.incase54.Mikeis______anhonestworker______weallbelievehim.A.so…thatB.such…thatC.as……as55.Thecompanymadea_______of$309,000lastyear.A.processB.profitC.property三、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The2014EbolaoutbreakisthelargestinhistoryandthefirstEbolaoutbreakinWestAfrica.Althoughthecurrentepidemicdoesnotcauseasignificantrisktoothernations,manycountries,includingChinaandtheUnitedStatesofAmerica,haveactuallybeenworkingcloselywiththeEbolahitstates.Forexample,theU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）istakingprecautionsathomebesidesitsactivitiesabroad.CDC’steamof‘virushunters’issupportedbyspecializedpublichealthteamsbothinWestAfricaandattheCDCAtlantaheadquarters.Together,theyoffercontinuoussupporttosavelivesandprotectpeople.CDCworkscloselywithanumberofU.S.governmentagencies,nationalandinternationalpartners.CDC’sexperienceofworkingwithEbolaisimportanttotheWorldHealthOrganization’sgrowingWestAfricaEbolaresponse.OnSept.2,2014,CDCDirector,TomFriedencalledformoreinternationalpartnerstojointhiseffort.“ThesoonertheworldcomestogethertohelpWestAfrica,thesaferweallwillbe.Weknowhowtostopthisoutbreak.Thereisawindowofopportunitytodoso---thechallengeistoscaleupthemassiveresponseneededtostopthisoutbreak.”?CDC’sresponsetoEbolaisthelargestinternationaloutbreakresponseinCDC’shistorywithover100diseasespecialistsonthegroundinWestAfrica,supportedbyhundredsofpublichealthemergencyresponseexpertsstateside,activatedatLevel1,itshighestlevel,becauseofthesignificanceofthisoutbreak.TheCDCsupportsaffectedcountriestoestablishEmergencyOperationsCentersatnationalandlocallevelsandhelpscountriestracktheepidemic,includingusingreal-timedatatoimprovereal-timeresponse.EffortsinWestAfricatoidentifythoseinfectedandtrackpeoplewhohavecomeintocontactwiththemareimproving.TheCDCisoperatingandsupportinglabsintheregiontoimprovediagnosisandtestingsamplesfrompeoplewithsuspectedEbolafromaroundtheworld.Localhealthcaresystemsarestrengthenedthroughcommunication,coordinationwithpartnersandtrainingoninfectioncontrolforhealthcareworkersandsafepatienttreatment.1.Howcouldwedescribethe2014Ebolaoutbreak?A.Thefirstoneinwesterncountries.B.ItdidnoteverthreatenWestAfrica.C.Notthefirstbutthelargestone.2.The2014Ebolaoutbreakresponsewas.A.anAmericanstatesideactivityB.aninternationalactivityC.aregionalactivity3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“massive”meaninParagraph3?A.hugeB.quickC.urgent4.HowmanydiseasespecialistsfromCDChavegonetoWestAfricafortheEbolaresponse?A.Lessthan100.B.Ahundred.C.Morethan100.5.WhatactiondoesCDCtaketorespondtothelargeEbolaoutbreak?A.Workcloselywithgovernmental,nationalandinternationalpartners.B.Callformorepartnerstojointhiseffort.C.EstablishEmergencyOperationsCenters.阅读理解（二）Withoutgoodbudgetmanagement,youarelikelytooverspendonmarketingaccidentally.Herearethreestepsthathelptomakeagoodmarketingbudget.?Step1:OrganizefinancialinformationThefirststepistobeclearofyourcurrentfinancialsituation.Youneedtoknowhowmuchmoneyyourcompanymakesmonthlyandthechangesthatmightariseinthefuture.Althoughincomeflowschangethroughouttheyear,youmustorganizetheinformationbasedonreliablerevenue---theminimumamountofmoneyyourcompanymakeseachmonth.Arealisticbudgetplanwillalwaysfocusontheincomethatexceedstheexpenses,notthetotalrevenuethatcomesin.Whenyouhavedeterminedtheamountofdisposableincomeavailableforthecompany,youshoulddeterminewherethemoneywillgo.?Step2:DeterminewhereyouwanttospendmarketingfundsAfteryouknowthetotalamountavailabletospendonmarketing,thenextstepishowyouplantospendthatmoney.Threemainfactorsdecidehowyouspendmarketingfunds:thebudgetamount,yourpastexperiences,andwhereyoucanreachtherightaudience.?Youwillstartorganizinghowtospendthefundsbasedontheamount.Besides,youneedtoconsiderthestrategiesthathaveworkedinthepast.Also,youneedconsiderwhichmarketingchannelswillallowyoutoreachtherightaudience.?Step3:AssessdataandmakeappropriatechangesThefinalstepinbuildingagoodmarketingbudgetistheanalysisoftheplanandanychangesthatmayimproverevenue.Ultimately,marketingisdesignedtobringinextrarevenue.Iftheactivitydoesnotbringinanyadditionalrevenueoveritscost,thenitisbettertochangestrategyandtrysomethingelse.Assessingthedataisavitalpartofcreatinganeffectivemarketingstrategy.Evaluationbeginswithcomparingpastperformancetotheperformanceaftermarketingtheproductorservices.However,agoodbudgetaloneisnotenough.?Youhavetotakeactionandremaincommittedtofollowingthroughyourplan.Bykeepingthebudgetinmindwhenyoumakedecisions,youwillhavetheopportunitytoworkoutdifferentstrategiestofindthebestsolutionsforyourbusinessgoalsandpreventoverspendingonmarketing.?1.Whatshouldthebudgetplanbebasedon?A.Thecompany’sreliableexpense.B.Thecompany’sreliableincome.C.Thecompany’sreliablecost.2.Whatdoes“disposableincome”meaninPassage3?A.Totalincome.B.Previousincome.C.Netincome.3.Youhavetobeclearof（）whenorganizingfinancialinformation.A.theincomeandexpensesB.themarketingfundC.thebudgetmanagement4.Thethreemainfactorsthatdecidehowyouspendmarketingfundsare.A.themoneyyouhaveearned,theactualexpensesandthemoneyyouwillexpendB.thebudgetamount,yourpastexperiencesandwhereyoucanreachtherightaudienceC.theassetsyouhave,theproductandtheincome5.Keepingthebudgetinmindwhenmakingmarketingdecisionswillavoid.A.usinglessthanyouearnB.usingmoneyunnecessarilyC.usingmorethanyouearn阅读理解（三）TominimizetrafficjamsinthecitycenterandonmajorroadsoutofSydney,thecity’shighwaydepartmentwillnotagreetoroadclosuresscheduledforweekdaysorSaturdays.Onminorroadsoutsidethecitycenter,weekdaysandSaturdaysmaybeconsidered.Youmustapplyforapprovaltodoroadworkandotherroad-relatedactivities,treecuttinganduseofverylargeconstructionmachinery,laddersetc.Pleasenotethatapprovalisneededifyouplantoblocktheroadorfootpath.ApplicationstohavearoadclosedtotrafficmustbecompletedandsenttotheDepartment’sTrafficCalmingCommitteeatleastamonthbeforethescheduleddate.?Roadscanbeclosedpartiallyorfully,dependingonyourrequirements.Partialroadclosuresareonlyallowedinlighttrafficareaswheretherewillbeatleast1lanefortrafficwithextratrafficcontrolmeasurestomakesure2-waytrafficcancontinuetorunforthedurationofthework.Anychangeoftrafficflowwillrequiretheproposaltobetreatedasafullroadclosure.Forfurtherinformationaboutapartialroadclosure,pleaserefertoContacts.Ifyouareorganizingaparade,marchorothertypeofstreet-basedevent,approvalisalsorequiredandwerecommendyouchooseoneofour4preferredroutes.Choosinganexistingroutereducestheamountofplanningyouwillneedtodo.1.Roadclosuresforweekdaysmaybeallowed（）.A.inthecenterofSydneyB.onmajorroadsoutsideSydneyC.onminorroadsoutsideSydney2.Ifyouwantaroadclosedtotraffic,youmustcompleteyourapplicationsandsendthemtotherelevantcommitteeatleast（）beforethescheduleddate.A.aweekB.30daysC.twomonths3.Partialorfullroadclosuresaredecidedby.A.therequirementsfromapplicantsB.thetrafficflowC.theroadconditions4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Noexistingrouteforroadclosuresisrecommended.B.Theapprovalofaroadclosureisneededforaparade.C.Partialroadclosuresareallowedinheavytrafficareas.5.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.RoadClosureProceduresinSydneyB.RoadConditionsinSydneyC.RoadManagementinSydney阅读理解（四）HumanResourceManagement（HRM）istheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsinanorganization.Thesetwoprocessesareimportantinthesuccessandgrowthofabusiness.Inmanagingpeople,staffingisthemostimportantcomponentofHRM.Itneedstomakeguidelinesandproceduresforhiringandplacement.Staffingalsoinvolvesthemanagementofemployeesonmatterslikemonitoringofholidays,absences,healthandsafety,disciplinaryaction,anddismissal.AnotherimportantelementforHRMinmanagingpeopleiskeepingtheemployeesinthecompany.Thetrainingofemployeestoenablethemtoimprovetheircareerdevelopmentisveryimportant.GoodHRMpoliciesensurethatthereareclearregulationswhichshowthepaylevelsforthedifferentpositionsinanorganization.Itisimportantforthestafftoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthatareavailabletothem.PerformancemanagementisanotherimportantcomponentofHRM.Thereasonforthisisthatmanyemployersuseittoevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.ThesecondaryroleofHRMisthemanagementoftherelationshipsamongpeopleinanorganization.Thisincludesstaffwithindepartmentsaswellasacrossthewholeorganization.Therelationshipbetweenstaffandmanagementisanimportantfactorinthesuccessofanorganization.Itdecideshowfastanorganizationwillrealizetheirgoals.ThefocusofHRMisthepeoplewithinanorganization.Regularplanning,monitoringandevaluationareimportantforthesuccessofHRM.Successfulmanagementensuresthatallemployeesknowtheirrole,careerdevelopmentandfeelthemselvespartofanorganization.1.is/areimportantinthesuccessofabusiness.A.TeamworkspiritandhighsalaryB.TheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsC.Talentsandtheirgoals2.ThemostimportantcomponentofHRMis（）.A.staffingB.planningC.monitoring3.Accordingtothepassage,itisimportantfortheemployeestoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthrough（）.A.noticesB.policiesC.advertisements4.Wecanuse（）toevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.A.staffingB.HRMpoliciesC.performancemanagement5.（）isNOTmentionedinthetextaboutthesuccessofHRM.A.RegularplanningandmonitoringB.EvaluationC.Training阅读理解（五）Aquestionthatoftentroublesfoodcompaniesishowtocontrolproblemslikeratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.Pestcontrolexpertssaypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymaypollutefood.Theysaythefirstlineofdefenseagainstpestsistocleantheplaceswherefoodishandledorstored.Floors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolscanbedisinfectedwithchemicalslikechlorine,iodineorbromine.Foodcontainersshouldbestoredabouthalfameteroffthegroundandaboutahalfmeterawayfromanywalls.Storageareasshouldbekeptdryandclean.Containersforrawmaterialssuchasrice,wheatetc.shouldbekeptclosedandclean.Anyfoodstuffsplitduringdeliveryorhandlingshouldbeclearedupbothinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Pestsenterabuildingfromtheoutside,sopayattentiontoouterwalls.Smallstonescanbeusedtocoverthegroundandblockthegrowthofplantsandareasofgrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive.Checkthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.Alsoanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuildingshouldbefilled.Ratscanenterthroughaholethesizeofacoin.Amousecanpassthroughaholehalfthatsize.Supervisorsshouldmakealistofpestcontrolmeasurestobetakenbyemployees.Thiswillaidtheeffortsandalsohelpprepareforanyinspections.Inmostcountries,thereisafoodanddrugadministrationbureau,orsomeagencywithasimilarname,whichenforcesrulesnationwide,isresponsibleforrulesabouttheuseofpesticides,etc.However,businesseswherefoodisstored,preparedorsoldmustalsofollowstateandlocalhealthlaws.Mostofthesegovernmentaldepartmentsorbureaushavetheirwebsitewithinformationaboutfoodsafetypoliciesandotherissues.Peoplecaneasilyaccesstheinformation.1.Where,accordingtoPestcontrolexperts,shouldpoisonsneverbeused?A.Wherefoodmaybecontaminated.B.Wheretherearefewrats.C.Wherechildrenmaygethandsonthem.2.Fromthetext,weknowthatlikechlorine,iodineorbromineareallA.foodsB.chemicalsC.fruits3.OuterwallsarebuiltA.topreventpestsfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.B.toprotectriceandwheatfromrainandwind.C.toblockthegrowthofplants.4.Whyisitnecessaryforsupervisorstomakealistofpestcontrolmeasures?A.Tofollowstateandlocalhealthlaws.B.Tobecarriedbyemployees.C.Tohelpcontrolpestsandhelpprepareforanyinspection.5.Theresponsibilitiesofafoodanddrugadministrationbureauare（）A.tosetuprulesabouttheuseofpesticidesandenforcesthemalloverthecountry.B.tomakesureanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuildingshouldbefilled.C.tocheckthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.阅读理解（六）Weliveinanagefullofopportunities:Ifyouaresmartenough,andhavegotambitionandkeeppushingforward,youcanrisetothetopofyourchosenprofession,nomatterwhereyoustartedout.?Butwithopportunitycomesresponsibility.Companiestodayaren’tmanagingtheiremployees’careers.Professionalworkersmustbetheirownchiefexecutiveofficers（CEO）.It’suptoyoutostriveforyourplace,tokeepyourselfengagedandproductiveduringaworkinglifethatmaylastaround50years.Todothosethingswell,you’llneedtohaveadeepunderstandingofyourself–notonlywhatyourstrengthsandweaknessesare,butalsohowyoulearn,howyouworkwithothers,whatyourvaluesare,andwhereyoucanmakethegreatestcontribution.Becauseonlywhenyouoperatefromstrengthcanyouachievetrueexcellence.?History’sgreatachievers–Napoléon,daVinci,andMozart–havealwaysmanagedthemselves.Buttheyaresounusualbothintheirtalentsandtheiraccomplishmentsastobeconsideredrareexceptions.Now,mostofus,eventhoseofuswithmodesttalents,willhavetolearntomanageourselves.Wewillhavetolearntodevelopourselves.Wewillhavetoplaceourselveswherewecanmakethegreatestcontribution.Andwewillhavetostaymentallyalertandengagedduringa50-yearworkinglife,whichmeansknowinghowandwhentochangetheworkwedo.1.Companiestodayareresponsibleforemployee’scareer.（F）2.ItistheCEOwhodecidesyourplace.（F）3.Youneedtounderstandyourcompanywellsothatyoucandothingswell.（F）4.Understandingyourselfmeansknowingwellaboutyourstrengths,weaknesses,yourvalues,howyoulearn,howyoudowithothersandsoon.（T）5.Ordinarypeoplecannotmanagethemselveswell.（F）阅读理解（七）Passage11The“warfortalent”readslikeheadlinesfrommanyyearsago,butithasnevergoneaway,saysEleanorNickerson,directorofUKoperationsforTopEmployers.Manycompaniestheyhaveresearchedareshortoftalents.Thoughthecompaniesmayreceivemanyapplications,theycannotfindthepeopletheywant.TopEmployers’researchshowsthatofferinggoodcareerchancesisthekeytoattractingandkeepingthetalent.Smartemployeesknowtheirownvalueandwillwanttoknowwhattheiremployerscanofferthemafter5or10?years’careerdevelopment.So,keepingstaffisthebiggestchallengeemployersfaceinthelongrun.Yetnoteveryemployeefeelsthattheycanbettertheircareerchances.Somearestillnervousaboutlosingtheirjobs,despitearecentfallinunemployment,saystheTradesUnionCongress（TUC）.TUCpointsoutthatsomefour-fifthsofnewjobscreatedhavebeeninpartsoftheeconomywhereaveragepayratesarelessthan￡8anhoursincetherecessionbegan.Manyofthesejobsareontemporaryorzero-hourscontracts.AreportfromtheOfficeforNationalStatisticspublishedinFebruaryshowedthatrealwageshavebeenfallingconsistentlysince2010.It’sthelongestperiodsinceatleast1964.“We’restillinthehardestlivingstandardssqueezeforoveracenturyandthosewhoarealreadyworkinghavehadyearsofreal-termspaycuts,”saysTUCspokespersonLizChinchen.“Understandingthepressuresthatstafffaceisagoodstartingpointforanyemployer.Ifemployerswanttoshowconcernfortheirstaff,theyshouldbepayingthemwellandunderstandthatzero-hourscontractsbringinsecurityandextrememoneyworries.”1.AccordingtoresearchbyTopEmployers,manycorporationshaveenoughtalentsfortheirdevelopment.（F）2.Thedatashowsthekeytoattractingtalentsistoofferhighsalary.（F）3.Thebiggestchallengeforemployerstoiskeepingstaffinthelongrun.（T）4.Notallemployeesbelievethattheycangetabetteroffer.（T）5.Thewageshavebeenrisingconsistentlysince2010.（F）阅读理解（八）Emergenciesanddisasterscanoccuranytimewithoutwarning.Themoreyouarepreparedforthem,thebetteryouwillbeabletoact,reducingpanicandconfusionwhenanemergencyoccurs.Emergencyresponseplans（ERPs）areintendedtoprovideclearandeffectivestepsformanaginganemergency.AnERPshoulddealwithavarietyofissuesincludingevacuationofbuildings,communicationwithlocalemergencyservicesandthegeneralpublic,individualrolesandresponsibilitiesduringanemergency,andsuppliesandmaterialsthatmaybeneeded.FollowthesebasicguidelinestodevelopaneffectiveERPforyourworkplace:●Determinewhenanevacuationwouldbenecessary.●Chooseprimaryandsecondaryevacuationroutesandemergencyexits.Makesuretheyareclearlymarkedandwelllit.Postsigns.●Installemergencylightingincaseapowercutoccursduringanevacuation.●Ensurethatevacuationroutesandemergencyexitsarewideenoughforpeopletobeevacuated,clearatalltimes,andunlikelytoexposeevacuatingpeopletoadditionalhazards.●Coordinateyourplanwiththelocalemergencymanagementoffice.●Choose“evacuationwardens”whowillhelpothersduringanevacuationandaccountforemployees.●Establishspecificevacuationprocedures.ThisincludesasampleERPtogiveyouabetterideaofwhatyourproceduresshouldinclude.●Establishasystemforaccountingforevacuatedemployees.●Holdemergencydrillsatleastonceayeartoensurethatemployeesknowwhattodoinanemergencyandtotesttheeffectivenessofemergencyexitroutesandprocedures.Keeprecordsofsuchdrills.●Considerthetransportationneedsofemployees.●Postevacuationprocedureswhereemployeescanreadthem.●Establishproceduresforhelpingpeoplewithdisabilitiesandpeoplewhodonotspeakyourlocallanguage.●Considerhowyoucouldquicklygetimportantpersonalinformationaboutemployeesinanemergency（forexample,contactnumbersfortheirhome,next-of-kin,orspecialmedicalconditions）.1.Theemergencyresponseplanisneededforreducingpanicandconfusionwhenanemergencyoccurs.（T）2.SupplyofbasicnecessitiesisnotincludedinanERP.（F）3.Accordingtothepassage,theblockedemergencyexitscanhelpavoidfurtherhazards.（F）4.Theevacuationplanofyourworkplaceshouldbeinlinewiththatoflocalemergencymanagementoffice.（T）5.Toensurethatemployeesknowwhattodoinanemergencyandtotestth