Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高中英语人教版

Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldDiscoveringUsefulStructuresVocabulary1.strugglestrugglefor/todo努力争取/做strugglewith同……搏斗练习：Shewillnotgiveupherchildrenwithouta__________.struggle2.tongueput/stickoutone'stongue伸出舌头one’mother/nativelanguage母语asharptongue说话尖刻练习：Thedog's_________washangingout.tonguegiveupLead-inItwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

Information:atimeforanevent.

2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information:alocationforanevent.

3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information:areasonforanaction.

4.ThesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Information:alocationforanaction.Itwasatime

whenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做

时间状语时，连接词使用when.Itwasatime.Atthattimepeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

wheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做地点状语时，连接词使用where.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry.InthatcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做原因状语时，连接词使用why。Therearemanyreasons.Becauseofthesereasons,peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.4.Thesewereanimalbonesandshells

onwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.先行词指物且在从句中做状语时，连接词可以用介词+which来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和先行词的搭配有关。Therewereanimalsbonesandshells.SymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeopleonthem.Thesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhich(=where)

symbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.

介词+which(如onwhich)的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。定语从句(Ⅱ)关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when,where,why或“介词＋which”。关系副词的作用如下：1．指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。2．在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用。3．起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。一、关系副词引导定语从句1．when引导定语从句when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time,day,year,month,week等。2．where引导定语从句where表示地点,代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语，其先行词往往是具体地点place,room,mountain,airport或抽象地点的名词如case,state,condition,point,situation等。3．why引导定语从句的用法why表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中做原因状语，其先行词是表示理由的名词reason。二、关系代词与关系副词的选用定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断：用法依据根据从句的谓语动词是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词根据先行词在从句中所作的成分把先行词代入定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词三、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词“代替。(1)when可以换成“介词＋which”。(2)where可以换成“介词＋which”。(3)why可以用forwhich来代替。1、介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来确定。三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。2