人教版英语选修7教师用书Unit3SectionⅠWarminguppre-readingReading

虎鲸属于海豚科，它的英文名叫“KillerWhale”，脾气火爆，攻击性强，除了捕鱼、捉海狮之外，它还会攻击其他的鲸类(连大白鲨都不放在眼里)，称霸海上！那虎鲸还有其他什么特点呢？让我们来一起认识一下虎鲸吧！TheKillerWhaleBecauseofitslargesizeandamazingjumpingabilities,thekillerwhaleisoneofthemostamazingandwell­knownmarinemammalsinhistory.Althoughthesemarinemammalsaremonlyreferredtoas“killerwhales”，theyactuallybelongtothedolphinfamily,whichismadeupofaround40differentspeciesofdolphins.Killerwhalesarethelargestofallthedolphinspeciesandtheyareasbigassomewhales.Theyarealsooneofthemostamazinghuntersofallthemarinemammals.Inonestrategyagroupofkillerwhalesmaycirclearoundagroupoffish,forcingthemintoatightballwhileanotherkillerwhaleswimsunderneaththemtopushthemtowardsthesurfaceofthewater.Whenfullygrown,thekillerwhalecanreachalengthof26ftandweighover6，000pounds.However,thelargestmeasuredkillerwhalegrewtoaround32ftlongandweighedaround10tons!Thekillerwhalecanoftenbeseenworkingtogetherwithotherkillerwhalesusingteamworktocatchtheirprey.Inadditiontohuntingforfoodtogether,killerwhalesalsomakeuseofecholocation(回声定位法).Thisallowsthemtofindfoodevenwhentheyarehuntingatnight.Killerwhalesareextremelyfamilyoriented(导向的)andasmanyasfourgenerationsoffamilymembersmaybeseentravellingtogether.Killerwhalesareextremelyintelligentandcanlearnplextasksbyobservingandpracticing.Killerwhaleshavebeenobservedteachingeachotherhowtomunicate,howtohuntandhowtosurviveintheocean.Todaykillerwhaleshavebeeamainattractiontoseveralaquaticthemeparksshowingtheirtalentstothousandsofpeopleeachyear.Theyhavealsobeepopularinmoviesandtelevisionshowswheretheyaredescribedasfriendlyandintelligentmarinemammals.[阅读障碍词]1．marineadj. 海的，海产的2．mammaln. 哺乳动物3．strategyn. 策略，战略4．preyn. 猎物5．aquaticadj. 水生的，水上的[诱思导读]阅读上面短文，判断正误(T/F)。1．Killerwhalesbelongtothedolphinfamily. (T)2．Thelargestkillerwhaleisabout26ftlong. (F)3．Killerwhalescanteacheachotherhowtosurviveintheocean.(T)Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.annual A．vt.当场见到；目击n．目击者； 证人；证据()2.witness B．adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年 刊；年鉴()3.acmodation C．n.住所；住宿()4.opposite D．vi.&n．暂停；中止()5.pause E．vt.拖；拉；扯()6.drag F．prep.在……对面adj.相对的；相 反的()7.depth G．vt.催促；极力主张；驱策()8.urge H．vi.逃避；逃跑vt.逃离()9.abandon I．n.深(度)；深处()10.flee J．vt.放弃；遗弃；抛弃[答案]1－5BACFD6－10EIGJHⅡ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A．分类；整理B．听说C．帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难D．瞄准E．与此同时；在此期间F．阻挡；延误()1.Hedrewhisgunandaimedattheenemysoldier.()2.Wedon'tknowthesinger，butwehaveheardofher.()3.Sortoutthingsyouwanttokeepandthroweverythingelseaway.()4.Theflightwillbeannouncedsoon.Inthemeantime，pleaseremainseated.()5.Unfortunately，myapplicationwasheldupbythepostalstrike.()6.TheypromisedtohelpmeoutwhenIwasintrouble.[答案]1－6DBAEFCOldTomTheKillerWhaleIwas16whenIbeganworkinJune1902atthewhalingstation.Ihadheardof①thekillersthateveryyearhelpedwhalerscatchhugewhales②.Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.虎鲸老汤姆1902年6月，我16岁的时候，就开始在捕鲸站工作了。在此之前我曾听说过虎鲸，它们每年帮助捕鲸人捕捉大鲸鱼。那时我以为这只是一个故事，但是后来我亲眼看见过许多次。[助读讲解]①hearof听说(＝hearabout)。②that引导定语从句，修饰thekillers，that在定语从句中作主语。OntheafternoonIarrivedatthestation,asIwassortingoutmyacmodation,Iheardaloudnoiseingfromthebay.Werandowntotheshore(岸)intime③toseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutof④thewaterandthencrashingdownagain.Itwasblackandwhiteandfish­shaped.ButIknewitwasn'tafish.“That'sOldTom,thekiller，”oneofthewhalers,George,calledouttome.“He'stellingusthere'sawhaleoutthereforus.”Anotherwhaleryelled(呼喊)out,“Rush­oo...rush­oo.”Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt⑤.一天下午我来到捕鲸站，当我整理我的住处时，我听到从海湾方向传来了一阵巨大的喧闹声。我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。它黑白相间，形状像鱼。但是我知道它并不是鱼。“那是老汤姆，是虎鲸。”一位叫乔治的捕鲸人高声对我说。“它是在告诉我们那边有头鲸，让我们去捕猎。”另外一位捕鲸人大声喊：“快走啊……走啊。”这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。[助读讲解]③intime及时，迟早。④throwoneselfoutof跃出。⑤that引导定语从句，修饰thecall；其中therewasabouttobe...是announced的宾语从句。“eon,Clancy.Totheboat，”Georgesaidasheranaheadofme.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn'thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheaded⑥outintothebay.IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway⑦.Afewminuteslater,therewasnoTom,soGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat⑧，leadingustothehuntagain.“克兰西，快来。上船去。”乔治在我前面边跑边说。我以前就听说过乔治不喜欢等待，所以尽管我还没穿上合适的衣服，我还是跟在他后面跑了起来。毫不迟疑地我们和其他捕鲸人都跳上船，朝海湾方向驶去。我向下朝水里望去，可以看到老汤姆就在船旁边游着，为我们指路。几分钟之后，汤姆不见了，于是乔治开始用桨拍打水面，汤姆出现了，兜了个圈子转回到船边，又领着我们前往捕猎处。[助读讲解]⑥headvi.朝……前进。⑦现在分词短语showingus...在句中作伴随状语。⑧circlingback...在句中作状语。Usingatelescope(望远镜)wecouldseethatsomethingwashappening.Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhalebeingattackedbyapackofaboutsixotherkillers.“What'retheydoing？”IaskedGeorge.“Well,it'steamwork(协作)—thekillersovertherearethrowingthemselvesontopofthewhale'sblow­holetostopitbreathing.Andthoseothersarestoppingitdiving(潜水)orfleeingouttosea，”Georgetoldme,pointingtowardsthehunt.Andjustatthatmoment,themostextraordinarythinghappened.Thekillersstartedracingbetweenourboatandthewhalejustlikeapackofexciteddogs.Thentheharpoon(鱼叉)wasreadyandthemaninthebowoftheboataimeditatthewhale.Heletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Beingbadlywounded⑨，thewhalesoondied.Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.Themenstartedturningtheboataroundtogohome.“What'shappened？”Iasked.“Havewelostthewhale？”“Ohno，”Jackreplied.“We'llreturntomorrowtobringin⑩thebody.Itwon'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.”“Inthemeantime,OldTom,andtheothersarehavingagoodfeedonitslipsandtongue，”addedRed,laughing⑪.用望远镜我们可以看到有情况发生了。当我们行驶到更近的地方时，我能看到一只鲸受到了大约六只其他虎鲸的攻击。我问乔治：“它们在做什么？”“啊，它们在协同作战呢——那些虎鲸正往鲸的出气孔上扑去，不让它呼吸。而其他那些虎鲸则阻止它潜水或逃进海里。”乔治一边指着捕猎的情景，一边告诉我。就在这时候，最惊奇的事情发生了。虎鲸们在我们的船和那只鲸之间开始追逐，就像一群兴奋的狗一样。然后鱼叉准备好了，站在船头的那个人把鱼叉瞄准了那只鲸。他把叉扔了出去，恰好击中了要害。那只鲸受了重伤，没过多久就死了。过了片刻，那只鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速地拖到深海中去了。捕鲸人开始调转船头回家。“怎么了？”我问道。“我们失去了那只鲸了吗？”“噢，不。”杰克回答说。“我们明天再回来运鲸鱼的尸体。它在大约24小时以内是不会浮出水面的。”瑞德笑着补充说：“在此期间，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿鲸唇和鲸舌。”[助读讲解]⑨Beingbadlywounded在句中作原因状语。⑩bringin带来，收获。⑪laughing在句中作伴随状语。AlthoughOldTomandtheotherkillerswerefiercehunters,theyneverharmedorattackedpeople.Infact,theyprotectedthem.Therewasonedaywhenwewereoutinthebayduringahunt⑫andJameswaswashedofftheboat.“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround！”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.ThewaveswerecarryingJamesfurtherandfurtherawayfromus.FromJames'sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.ThensuddenlyIsawashark(鲨鱼)．“Look,there'sasharkoutthere，”Iscreamed.“Don'tworry,OldTomwon'tletitnear，”Redreplied.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldup⑬inthewaterbyOldTom.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.Therewereshoutsof“Welldone，OldTom”and“ThankGod”aswepulledJamesbackintotheboat.AndthenOldTomwasoffandbacktothehuntwheretheotherkillerswerestillattackingthewhale⑭.虽然老汤姆和其他虎鲸都是凶猛的捕猎者，但是它们从来不伤害人，也不袭击人。事实上，它们保护着他们。有一天，我们出海捕鲸的时候，詹姆斯从船上掉下去被水冲走了。乔治催促着并大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”那天海上波涛汹涌，很难调转船头。海浪把詹姆斯冲得离我们越来越远。从詹姆斯的脸上，我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。随后我突然看到了一条鲨鱼。我尖叫起来：“瞧，那边有一条鲨鱼。”雷德回答说：“别着急，老汤姆不会让它靠近的。”我们花了半个多小时才把船头调向詹姆斯，当我们靠近他的时候，我看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着他。我几乎不相信自己的眼睛。当我们把詹姆斯拉上渔船的时候，大家都欢呼着“老汤姆，好样的”，“感谢上帝”。之后老汤姆离开了，回到捕猎的地方，跟其他虎鲸一起捕鲸去了。[助读讲解]⑫when引导定语从句，修饰oneday。⑬holdup举起，阻止。⑭where引导定语从句，修饰地点thehunt(捕猎的地方)。第一步速读——了解文章主题和段落大意Ⅰ.速读P20－P21教材课文，选择最佳答案1．What'sthemainideaofthefirststory?A．AhuntingexperienceofOldTom.B．Howthekillerwhaleshelpthewhalerstohuntawhale.C．HowthewhalerskilledOldTom.D．Howthekillerwhaleskilledthewhalers.2．What'sthemainideaofthesecondstory?A．HowOldTomprotectedandsavedJames.B．HowOldTomkilledashark.C．HowasharkattackedJames.D．HowasharkkilledOldTom.[答案]1－2BAⅡ.速读P20－P21教材课文，匹配段落大意1．Part1(Paras.1－5) A．WewenttothehuntwithTom.2．Part2(Para.6) B．Wekilledthewhalewiththekiller's help.3．Part3(Paras.7－10) C．Wewentbackafterthehunt.4．Part4(Paras.11－12) D．IsawOldTomforthefirsttime.[答案]1－4DABC第二步细读——把控文章关键信息细读P20－P21教材课文，选择最佳答案1．Thekillersthrewthemselvesontopofthehugewhale'sblow­holeinorderto．A．makeitsink B．playwithitC．stopitbreathing D．stopitdiving2．Whydidthemenstartturningtheboataroundtogohomeafterthewhaledied?A．Becausetheydidn'tneedadeadwhale.B．Becausetheycouldn'tfindthewhale'sbody.C．Becausetheyknewthatdeadwhalewouldn'tfloatuptothesurfaceforaround24hours.D．Becausetheyknewthekillersatethewhale'sbody.3．WhathappenedtoJamesafterhewaswashedofftheboat?A．Hegothurtbyashark.B．Hewasabandonedbytheotherwhalersandfeltterrified.C．Hedroppedhishopeandwasnearlydying.D．HewasheldupinthewaterbyOldTomandrescued.4．Wecaninferfromthetextthat．A．thekillerwhalesmaybetrainedbythewhalersB．thekillerwhaleswanttohelpmancatchthewhalesthemselvesC．thekillerwhalesneednotrainingforhelpingthewhalersD．thekillerwhaleswanttoeatthewhalesafterkillingthem[答案]1－4CCDA第三步研读——能力升华接轨高考根据P20－P21教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Iwas16whenIbeganworkatthewh