2023年上海市嘉定区中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析）

2023年上海市嘉定区中考一模试题

英语

考生注意：

L本卷有七大题，共84小题。

2.试卷满分140分。考试时间90分钟。

3.全部试题均采用连续编号。请将所有答案做在答题纸的指定位置上,做在试卷上一律不给分。

Part1Listening

（第一部分听力）

Part2GrammarandVocabulary

（第二部分语法和词汇）

ILChoosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共15分）

1.Tonyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Healwaysdoesmefavor.

A.aB.anC.theD./

2.ιnyopinion,thisanimatedcartoonisthisdirector,sgreatestwork.

A.ByB.InC.OnD.To

3.一Whichsmartwatchdoyoulikebetter,theredoneortheblackone?

一.Theredoneistoobigwhiletheblackoneistooexpensive.

A.BothB.neitherC.AllD.None

4.Therewasalittledogwaitingatthecornerofthestreetanditseemedso，

A.sadlyB.angrilyC.quietlyD.lonely

5.Nowadayspeoplewishtohavefoodthanbeforeastheirlifeimproves.

A.healthyB.healthierC.healthiestD.thehealthiest

6.Adetective,sjobistheinnocentaswellasfindtheguilty.

A.protectB.protectsC.protectedD.toprotect

7.—Ireturnthecomicstriptoyouthisafternoon?

—No,youneedn,t.YoumaykeepituntilWednesday.

A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Would

8.Emma,sfatherpromisedthattheyacruisetriptoEuropethenextsummer.

A.willtakeB.takeC.wouldtakeD.aretaking

9.Youwilllosemarksintheexamifyouyourhandwriting.

A.don,timproveB.didn,timproveC.won,timproveD.isn,timproving

10.Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen.

A.infiveyears,timeB.forthetimebeing

C.bytheendoflastyearD.forfiveyears

11.Johnwassenttoprisonhestoleapreciouspaintingfromthegallery.

A.untilB.becauseC.thoughD.if

12.Onourfarm,thetealeavesbyhandwhentheyareready.

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickedD.werepicked

13.Alicespendsaboutonehourthepianoaftershefinishesherhomeworkeveryday.

A.practiseB.topractiseC.practisingD.practised

14.Theself-divingplaneprovestobeusefulinmanyways._smartinventionitis!

A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How

15.—areyoudriving,Tony?Youarespeedingup!

-Oh,sorry.It,sabout120kilometersanhour.

A.HowfarB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfast

IILCompletethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox«Eachcanonlybeusedonce（共

8分）

选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能用一次。

A.accidentB.seriouslyC.harmD.actuallyE.cycle

Forestfireshappeninsummerwhenithasn'trainedforalongtimeandeveιythingisVerydιy.Formany

years,peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat16theforest.ThescienceoffireecolOgy（生态学）

studiestheconnectionbetweenfire,plants,andanimalsinforestfires.Scientistssaythatthefireisalsoan

importantpartofthelife17ofaforest.Witheveryfire,theforestisbomagain.

Forestfiresoftenstartwhenlightningstrikesatree,butpeoplecanalsocauseforestfires.Sometimesthey

don,tknowwhattheydid,andithappensby18.Butothertimesit,sdoneonpuɪpose.Onceafirestarts,it

19bumsawaythedryleavesandbranches.Thefirealsogetsridofovergrownplants,fallenleaves,and

bacteriainthesoilthatcausediseases.Plantsontheforestfloorreceivemorespaceandsunlighttogrow,sothey

cangrowandmakeseedsquickly.

A.surviveB.nativeC.expectD.wondersE.escape

Whenafirestartsinaforest,everyCreatUre(动物)triesto20.Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrun

away.Smallcreatures(suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects)hideundergroundorunderrocks.

Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany21.Theanimalsthatdon,tdieinthefirearethe

strongest.Afterafire,someanimalsthatmaynotbe22totheforestcometofeedonthebodiesofdead

animals.Therearelotsofthingsforanimalstoeatinaburnedforest.Animalssoongobacktotheirhomesinthe

forestandplantsstartgrowingagain.

Now,accordingtofireecologystudies,it,spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural23.

Hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalslivetogetherinforests.

IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括号中所给单词的

适当形式完成下列句子.每空格限填一词)供8分)

24.Theastronautssentusmanypreciouswhentheyworkedinspace,(photo)

25.FIFAWorldCupQatar2022wastheWorldCupheldinAsia,(two)

26.LastSaturday,Tomlearnedtomakeabirthdaycakeforgrandmother.(he)

27.Whenpeoplegetolder,theirshort-termmemorybecomes.(bad)

28.Wendywassoangrythatshemadeacalltocomplainaboutherneighbour,(noise)

29.Thepolicemantoldusthatsomeaccidentswerecausedbyenginefailures.(main)

30.InourSTEMclass,wearedelightedtoourownexperiment,(designer)

31.Mikewassothathebrokethenewvaseinthelivingroom,(careful)

V.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired(据所给要求完成句禾52-57小题每空格限填

一词)(共14分)

32.Laurabroughtussomehandmadezongzitothepartyyesterday.(改为否定句)

Laurausanyhandmadezongzitothepartyyesterday.

33.UncleTomhasmoreIhaeOoehundredorangetreesonhisfarm.(对戈IJ线部分提问)

orangetreesdoesUncleTomhaveonhisfarm?

34.TherewillbealocalfoodfestivalinOUrneighborhood.(改为反意疑问句)

Therewillbealocalfoodfestivalinourneighborhood,?

35.Ourteacherwarnedusnottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.(改被动语态)

Wenottotouchthechemicalsinthelabbyourteacher.

36.Tim,sfatherisinchargeofthesportssectionofthelocalnewspaper.（保持句意不变）

Tim,sfatheristhesportssectionofthelocalnewspaper.

37.Bobaskedtheoldman,44Whydoyouhangalightinfrontoftheraft:?''（改为间接引语）

Bobaskedtheoldmanwhyalightinfrontoftheraft.

38.thestaffs,thesecretaιy,themeetings,always,toattend,ontime,reminds（连词成句）

Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分读写）

VLReadingComprehension（阅读理解）（共50分）

A.Choosethebestanswer根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案）（12分）

http:〃WWW./events/invnntioncomDntitionSigninJoinUS

homeAbouttheschoolEventContact

InventionCompetition

CALLINGALLINVENTORS!

Eventdetails

TheInventionCompetition,oneofthebiggesteventsforstudentsorganizedbythescienceclub,isnowwaiting

foryoutoattend!

AllworkswillbedisplayedintheStudents,Center.Youcangothereandvoteforyourfavoritesbetween

March1standMarch5th.WewillannouncetheresultsonMarch15th,thelastdayoftheScienceWeek.

Prizeswillbeawardedtoinventionsthat:

•arethemostcreative

•arethemosthelpful

•arethebestuseofwastematerials

Howtoenter

Interestedstudentsshouldfilloutanentryform（报名表）.Youcaneitherputitintheboxoutsidetheschool

officeorsendittoinventiooomDetitioo@beforeJanuary15th.

Pleaseincludethefollowinginformation:

•Yourfullname∙Yourclassnumber

•Abriefintroductionofyourinvention∙YourIDnumber

PleasesubmityourinventiononorbeforeFebruary28th.

Rules

•O¾⅛inalinventkmsonlyYoushouldmakesurethatyoudon,tcopyinventionsthatalreadyexist.

•Youshouldonlybeallowedtosubmitoneinvention.Selectthebestidea.

•Youmayenterforthecompetitionasanindividualorasateamofnomorethanfourstudents.

•Youcanmakechangesbeforethevotingperiodstarts.Oncetheinventionsaredisplayedforvoting,youcannot

makeanychanges.

39.Astudentmayvoteforhisfavoriteinventions.

A.onJanuaryIOthB.onFebruary28thC.onMarch3rdD.onMarch15th

40.Theinventionsthatmaygetareward.

A.userecycledmaterialsB.lookinterestingC.showfashionelementsD.attractstudents

41Youshouldgivethefollowinginformationintheentryformexcept.

A.yourEnglishnameB.yourclassnumber

C.introductionofyourinventionD.yourstudents,IDnumber

42.Accordingtothematerial,''originalinventions^^areinventionsthat.

A.lookstrangeB.noonehasmadebefore

C.studentsseldomseeD.studentscreatebyhand

43.WhatisTRUEaboutthecompetition?

A.Sendingmorethanoneinventiongivesyoumorechancestowin.

B.Fourstudentscanformateamtoenterforthecompetition.

C.Youcanmakechangesbeforetheresultsareannounced.

D.Teachersarealsowelcomedtoenterforthecompetition.

44.Themainpurposeofthematerialisto.

A.invitestudentstovisitthescienceclub

B.showtheimportanceofinventions

C.encouragestudentstovotefortheinventions

D.giveintroductiontothecompetition

B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）

OneSundaynight,Iwassittinginmykitchenhalf-listeningasmy15-year-oldsonTommyquarreledwithhis

youngerbrotherKevin.Ididn,tpayattentionwhenKevinwentupstairswithalookof45onhisface.

About30minuteslater,IheardKevincryinginhisroom.Iknockedonthedoorimmediatelyandasked,

“Kevin,what,sthematter?Whyareyoucrying?^^

Noanswer.Itriedagain.Still46happened.

So,Itookapieceofpaperfromanotebookandwrote,tςIfyoudon,twanttotalk,Wecanwritedowntoeach

other"andslipped（⅛）itunderthedoor.

AnhourlaterIwasstillsittingontheflooroutsidehisdoorwithastackof（——摞）notesinmyhands.AsIread

oneofKevin,snotes,ɪcouldn,thelpcrying.Itsaid,ttNobodyinthisfamilylovesme.ɪamnottheyoungestnorthe

oldest,andIamnotthe47togetgoodmarks.TommythinksIamtooweak.DadthoughtIshouldbetaller.

48、healwayswantsmetobeabasketballplayer.Andyouneverlistentomeevennoticeme.”

Hewasrightaboutmypart.Feelingsorryforhim,Iwroteback,44Kevin,ɪdoloveyou,andyouarelovedin

thisfamily?”

Hedidn,treplyforawhile,butIcouldhearhimcrying49.Kevinranoutofpaper,sohewrote

“Thanks”onapapercup.ɪwroteback“ForWhat?”Itwasreturnedtomewiththereplytt50writtenonit.

SincethenIhavetriedmybesttocareformyfamilymembers.Whenoneofusnoticesthattheotheris

unhappy,we,llsmileandsay,ςςWriteitonapapercup.”

45.A.fearB.hurtC.prideD.happiness

46.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

47.A.mosthandsomeB.kindestC.mosthumorousD.cleverest

48.A.ForexampleB.BythewayC.AfterallD.Inaddition

49.A.softlyB.loudlyC.terriblyD.excitedly

50.A.HelpingmeB.ForgivingmeC.LovingmeD.Trustingme

C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords（14分）

在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母己给出。

1r⅛∕

Horo

Doyouliketotrysomethingnew?Doyoualwaystryhardwhenyoumeetwithproblems?Herearefourreasons

foryoungpeopletotryhard.

@Ithelpsustodowell.

Weoftenlookatpeoplewhoaresuccessfulandwishwecouldbelikethem.PerhapsWethinkthesepeopledo

wellbecausetheyhaveaspecialtalentorarecleverorrichorevenjust151

Havingmoney,fortuneortalentisalmostneverthemainoronlyreasonthatpeopledowell.Tryinghardis

sometimesevenmoreimportantthananyofthose.Peoplewhorelyonlyontheirtalentanddonotworkhard

r52succeed.

®Ithelpsustotrynewthings.

SometimesWecanbeabitscaredoftryingnewthings.Weareafraidwewill153sillyifWecan,tdo

itproperly.Thiscanpreventusfromgivingnewthingsachanceorpushingo54forwardinsomethingwe

alreadydo.IfWemakeupourmindstotryhardatthenewactivityandgiveitourbestshot,Wecoulddiscoverthat

it,ssomethingwearegettingtolovingdoing.

@Itteachesushowtosolveproblems.

Tryinghardisnotsomethingwehavetodoa55Wecanalwaysaskforhelpandifwehaveabig

problem,thebestthingistoaskaparentorateacher.Ofcourse,wecansolveproblemsonourownifWetryhard.

Tryinghardmeansputtingane56inevenifwedon,tgetthingsrightthefirsttime.Butremember,we

Ieamfromourfailures.Welearnwecantrydoingitanotherway.

@Itmakesusfeelproud.

Tryinghardgivesusafeelingofachievement.WhenWetryhardandWesucceed,itmakesusfeelconfident

aboutoura57Itteachesusthatwecangetbetteratthings.IthelpsusbehavewellbecauseWeIeamthat

Wearecapable（有能力的）ofachievingthings.

D.Answerthequestions据短文内容回答下列问题）（12分）

“Hey,Dan,youlookliketheunhappiestguyintheworld!,,saidElla,astheyvolunteeredasushers（弓I座员）

atthetheater.

“Yeah,“Danreplied,tryingtosmile."Remembertheroleyouhelpedmepractiselastweek?Well,Ifailed

again.^^“Oh,Dan,keeppracticing!You,llbeontheothersideofthecurtainoneday,“saidElla.

Dankeptpracticing.Hesangdayandnight.Hesangeverywherehewent!Hewantedtobeanoperasinger

morethananythingelseintheworld.HevolunteeredatthetheateronSaturdays,butheneededtostartearning

moneytopayforsingingandItalianlessons.

OnedayDansawanadaskingforbicycledeliverymen.Thenhebeganhisnewjobdeliveringfoodto

customersalloverthecity.Danthoughtitwasveryrewardingmakinghungrypeoplehappy,buthehadaproblem.

Hewasn,tgettingenoughtimetopracticesinging.Thenoneday,hehadagreatidea.

Danarrivedat52ndStreet.ς4Ihaveyourburgersandyourfries,,,hesang.tςIhaveyoursodaandyourɪe-mon-

ade...”Thecustomerswereverysuɪprised!Whenhefinished,theyclappedandgavehimanicebigtip.

Onenight,therewasanorderforlobstersouptoabeautiful,bighouseontheriver.Danrangthebell,tooka

deepbreathandsang,uIhaveyourlovelylobstersoup.Itsmellsdeliciousto

Thedooropenedslowlyandawell-dressedwomanappeared.Shetookthesoup,thenclosedthedoor,withno

tipsatall.

Afewdayslater,DanreceivedatextinvitinghimtotheOperaHouse.

AttheOperaHouse,awomangreetedDan.ItwastheladywhoDandeliveredlobstersouptolastweek.She

Said,“IamAntoniaAllegro,thedirectorhere.I,dliketoinviteyoutoournextopera.Thisisyourfirstrehearsal（排

练）.You,llpracticetoday.Atmyhouselastweek,youhadoneofthemostbeautifulvoicesintheworld!You,reso

talented!Congratulations.Welcometotheshow!”

Dan,sfirstoperaperformancewasinfrontofthousandsofpeople,andhedidn,tsingaboutburgersorfriesor

lemonade!

58.WheredidDanworkatthebeginningofthestory?

59.WhatdidDanwanttobeinsteadofanusher?

60.WhydidDanneedtostartearningmoney?

61HowdidDanpractisesingingwhiledeliveringfood?

62.Thewomanlivinginabighouseonariverdidn,tgiveDananytip,didshe?

63.WhomightDansaythankstoafterhisfirstperformance?Listatleasttwopeopleandgivereasons.

VΠ.Writing（作文）（共20分）

64.Writeatleast60wordsaccordingtothegivensituation（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标

点符号不占格）

假如你是李华，学校要组织学生参加“生活技能体验”和“博物馆探索”的项目活动，每位学生可以报

名参加一个项目。你会报名参加哪个项目？请写一封邮件给班主任张老师，告诉他你的决定，并说明理由。

TrainingoflivingskillsExplorationofmuseums

•lastweekofJune•firstSaturdayeverymonthfromMarchtoJune

•stayonafarmforaweek•visitdifferentmuseumsinthecity

•livewithteammembersandlocalpeople•guidedbyprofessionalresearchers

•cookmealsbyyourself;feedanimals...•explorehistory,science,..

（注意：邮件中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。照抄语篇不得分）

参考答案

H.Choosethebestanswer（选择最恰当的答案）（共15分）

I.Tonyisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Healwaysdoesmefavor.

A.aB.anC.theD./

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：托尼总是乐于帮助别人。他总是帮我的忙。

考查冠词辨析。a,an不定冠词，泛指每一∙a常用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an常用于元音音素开头的

单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“Healwaysdoesme…favor.”可知，此处是固定词组，dosbafavor"帮

某人一个忙；为……做好事故选A。

2_myopinion,thisanimatedcartoonisthisdirector'sgreatestwork.

A.ByB.InC.OnD.To

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：在我看来，这部动画片是这位导演最伟大的作品。

考查介词辨析。By通过；In在...里面；On在....上；TO向，朝着。根据"myopinion”可知，此处指在

我看来，应用介词In；inone'sopinion”在某人看来故选B。

3.一Whichsmartwatchdoyoulikebetter,theredoneortheblackone?

-.Theredoneistoobigwhiletheblackoneistooexpensive.

A.BothB.neitherC.AllD.None

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意:——你更喜欢哪款智能手表，红色的还是黑色的？——两个都不喜欢。红色的太大了，而

黑色的太贵了。

考查不定代词。BOth“两者都”；neither“两者都不”，An"三者或三者以上都“；None“一个都没有“。根据

“Theredoneistoobigwhiletheblackoneistooexpensive.”可知,红色的太大了，而黑色的太贵了，两个都

不喜欢。故选B。

4.Therewasalittledogwaitingatthecornerofthestreetanditseemedso.

A.sadlyB.angrilyC.quietlyD.lonely

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：有一只小狗在街角等着，它似乎很孤独。

考查形容词的用法。Sadly悲伤地，副词;angriIy生气地，副词；quietly安静地，副词；IoneIy孤独的，形

容词。根据“seemed”是系动词可知，后应接形容词作表语。故选D。

5.Nowadayspeoplewishtohavefoodthanbeforeastheirlifeimproves.

A.healthyB.healthierC.healthiestD.thehealthiest

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：现在人们希望有比以前更健康的食物，因为他们的生活改善了。

比以前更健康而且空格后面有比较级标志词than,要用healthy的比较级。A.healthy健康的，原级；B.

healthier更健康的，比较级；C.healthiest和D.thehealthiest最健康的，最高级。根据than可知，这里应该

用形容词的比较级的形式。故选B。

6.Adetective'sjobistheinnocentaswellasfindtheguilty.

A.protectB.protectsC.protectedD.toprotect

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：侦探的工作是既要找出罪犯，又要保护无辜者。

考查非谓语动词。ProteCt保护，动词原形；PrOteCtS动词三单；PrOteCted过去式或过去分词；toprotect不

定式。句中已有系动词“is”，所以这里不定式作表语。故选D。

7.—；________Ireturnthecomicstriptoyouthisafternoon?

一No,youneedn't.YoumaykeepituntilWednesday.

A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Would

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：——今天下午我必须把漫画还给你吗？——不，你不必。你可以把它留到星期三。

考查情态动词。MUSt必须；Can可以；May可能;WbUld将要。根据“No,youneedn,t.”可知此处是以MUSt

开头的一般疑问句。故选A。

8.Emma,sfatherpromisedthattheyacruisetriptoEuropethenextsummer.

A.willtakeB.takeC.wouldtakeD.aretaking

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：艾玛的父亲答应他们明年夏天乘游轮去欧洲旅行。

考查动词时态。根据题干可知本句为that引导的宾语从句，当主句时态为一般过去时，从句的时态也应为

过去的某个时态。四个选项中只有C选项是过去将来时，故选C。

9.Youwilllosemarksintheexamifyouyourhandwriting.

A.don'timproveB.didn'timproveC.won,timproveD.isn'timproving

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：如果你不改善你的书写，你将会在考试中失分。

考查动词时态。if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，否定句借助于助动词

don't,故选Ao

10.Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen.

A.infiveyears'timeB.forthetimebeing

C.bytheendoflastyearD.forfiveyears

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：校园里的小型自助书店己经开了五年了。

考查时间状语。infiveyears'time”在五年的时间里“；forthetimebeing”暂时“；bytheendoflastyear"到去

年年底“；forfiveyears"五年"。根据"Thesmallself-servicebookstoreoncampushasbeenopen...”可知，该句

时态为现在完成时，且“beenopen”是延续性动词形式，故应与“fb什一段时间”连用。故选D。

11.Johnwassenttoprisonhestoleapreciouspaintingfromthegallery.

A.untilB.becauseC.thoughD.if

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：约翰被送进监狱因为他从画廊偷了一副珍贵的画。

考查连词辨析。UntiI直至!!...；because因为；though即使；if如果。根据“Johnwassenttoprison…hestole

apreciouspaintingfromthegallery”可知后半句是前半句的原因，故要用because。故选B。

12.OnOUrfarm,thetealeavesbyhandwhentheyareready.

A.pickB.pickedC.arepickedD.werepicked

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：在我们的农场，茶叶成熟时都是手工采摘的。

考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语"thetealeaves”是动作“pick”的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般

现在时的被动语态。故选C。

13.Alicespendsaboutonehourthepianoaftershefinishesherhomeworkeveryday.

A.practiseB.topractiseC.practisingD.practised

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：爱丽丝每天做完作业后要花一个小时练习钢琴。

考查非谓语动词根据SPendtimedOingSth.“花时间做某事”可知，此处要用动名词形式。故选C。

14.Theself-divingplaneprovestobeusefulinmanyways._smartinventionitis!

A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：自潜水飞机在很多方面都有用途。多么聪明的发明啊！感叹句一般有两种结构：What+(a∕an)+

形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词

invention为可数名词单数形式，应该用What来引导，smart以辅音音素开头，前面应该用不定冠词a,故答

案为B。

点睛：判断感叹句是由What还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+

其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组)，还是形容词或副词；再

次，加词。若是名词(词组)，那么本句由What(a∕an)引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how引

导。

15.—areyoudriving,Tony?YDUarespeedingup!

-Oh,sorry.It,sabout120kilometersanhour.

A.HowfarB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfast

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：一Tony,你开得有多快？你在加速。——哦，对不起。大约是每小时120公里。

考查特殊疑问句。HoWfar"多远”，询问距离;HOWSOOn“多久以后”,询问时间；HoWIOng“多长时间”，询

问时长；HoWfhSt"多快”，询问速度。根据回答“It'sabout120kilometersanhour.”可知,询问的是开车的速

度，故选D。

IILCompletethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox«Eachcanonlybeusedonce（共

8分）

选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能用一次。

A.accidentB.seriouslyC.harmD.actuallyE.cycle

Forestfireshappeninsummerwhenithasn,trainedforalongtimeandeveιythingisverydry.Formany

years,peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat16theforest.ThescienceoffireecolOgy（生态学）

studiestheconnectionbetweenfire,plants,andanimalsinforestfires.Scientistssaythatthefireisalsoan

importantpartofthelife17ofaforest.Witheveryfire,theforestisbomagain.

Forestfiresoftenstartwhenlightningstrikesatree,butpeoplecanalsocauseforestfires.Sometimesthey

don,tknowwhattheydid,andithappensby18.Butothertimesit,sdoneonpurpose.Onceafirestarts,it

19bumsawaythedryleavesandbranches.Thefirealsogetsridofovergrownplants,fallenleaves,and

bacteriainthesoilthatcausediseases.Plantsontheforestfloorreceivemorespaceandsunlighttogrow,sothey

cangrowandmakeseedsquickly.

A.surviveB.nativeC.expectD.wondersE.escape

Whenafirestartsinaforest,everyCreatUre（动物）triesto20.Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrun

away.Smallcreatures（suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects）hideundergroundorunderrocks.

Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany21.Theanimalsthatdon,tdieinthefirearethe

strongest.Afterafire,someanimalsthatmaynotbe22totheforestcometofeedonthebodiesofdead

animals.Therearelotsofthingsforanimalstoeatinaburnedforest.Animalssoongobacktotheirhomesinthe

forestandplantsstartgrowingagain.

Now,accordingtofireecologystudies,it,spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural23.

Hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalslivetogetherinforests.

【答案】16.C17.E

18.A19.D

20.E21.A

22.B23.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍火灾是森林生命周期的重要组成部分。

16题详解】

句意：多年来，人们一直认为火灾是危害森林的灾难。⅛□^'ςFormanyyears,peoplehavethoughtoffiresas

disastersthat...theforest.”和备选词汇可知，灾难会危害森林，动词harm“伤害"符合语境。故选C。

【17题详解】

句意：科学家表示，火灾也是森林生命周期的重要组成部分。根据后文“WitheVeryfire,theforestisborn

again.”可知，每一场大火，森林都会重生，所以火灾也是森林生命周期的重要组成部分，cycle“周期”符合

语境。故选E。

【18题详解】

句意：有时他们不知道自己做了什么，这是偶然发生的。byaccident“偶然”，故选A。

【19题详解】

句意：一旦发生火灾，它实际上会把干燥的树叶和树枝都烧掉。根据"OnCeafireStarts,it…bumsaWaythe

dryleavesandbranches.“可知，大火实际上会把干燥的树叶和树枝都烧掉，副词actuaIIy“实际上”符合语

境。故选D。

【20题详解】

句意：当森林里发生火灾时，所有的动物都试图逃跑。根据"Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.

Smallcreatures(suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects)hideundergroundorunderrocks.”可知，动物会逃离，

escape“逃跑”符合语境。故选E。

[21题详解】

句意：一些较弱的动物会死亡，但许多动物会幸存下来。结合“Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany...”

和备选词汇可知，but表转折，由此可知一些动物死亡，一些动物幸存，survive“幸存”符合语境。故选A。

【22题详解】

句意：火灾发生后，一些可能不是森林原生的动物来以动物尸体为食。结合“someanimalsthatmaynot

be...toth