阅读理解（议论文和应用文）-2023年中考英语复习（全国通用）（原卷版）

突破阅读理解（2）--议论文和应用文

（-）题型分析

阅读理解是每年中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为30-40分，约占整套试题总

分的45%左右。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试

题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等，考查内容比较广泛。

不仅如此，阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化，广告、图表等应用文是近年来

中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面，也更加体现了时代性和可读性，题材包括科普、社会、文

化、政治、经济等方面。

（二）体裁简析

一、英语阅读文体类型简析中考英语阅读常见的文体类型有：记叙文、议论文、说明

文和应用文。

01、记叙文。英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，

其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事

件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采

取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而

大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。

02、说明文。

英语说明文的总体结构通常为三部份，说明对象、说明过程和归纳总结。常见的说明方

法：

就中考英语说明文的阅读而言，首先要抓住文章说明的要点，也就是要抓住被说明对象

的实质性特征；弄清作者从哪个角度、哪个层面开始说明；并明白文章最后的说明结论。中

考说明文阅读材料通常介绍最新科技、重大成就、生活时尚、流行现象等。了解说明文的写

作手法、说明方法，理清短文结构及段落中心思想是答题关键。

03、议论文。

英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引

出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查

学生对论点及论据的把握。因此,遇到议论文体时,应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，

弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑

推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段

的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是

理解议论文的关键。

04、应用文。

英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具

体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精

读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。

(三)1

掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题,考生应从以下几个方面入手:

1.主旨题

文章段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想,其他句子只起补充、说明、

解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句，了解了它们的含

义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获得解决问题的答案。最有效

的办法是找出主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：

(1)表述的意思通常是总结性的；

(2)句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式；

(3)段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。

2.推断题

推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接

表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章

逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的

言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间

的语气及观点。

(1)事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种

推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意

思。

(2)指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所

指代的对象，关键在于对上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式应与被指代

的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象的第一个辅助标志。

(3)逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、动作和语言来

推断出人物的态度或感受。

(4)对作者的意图和态度的推断。这一类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的

态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、

物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述

出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为

推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。总之，只要平时善于积累，

并熟练运用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。

3.猜测词义题

阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着、冷静，细心思考。首先要把整

段、整篇文章看完。

通过对全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下

文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。猜测生词的另一种

方法是，根据构词法推测。遇到生词后，可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如：inexpensive

一词，其中词根expensive的含义是“贵的”。前缀in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜测此词词义

为“不贵的，便宜的“。总之，猜词题可以用到以下技巧（1）•根据文中的解释（2）.使用

逗号、破折号和括号等（3）.根据同位语或根据同等关系（4）.根据语义的转折关系（5）.

根据因果关系（6）.根据构词法知识（7）.根据常识，上下文逻辑

4.细节理解题。

细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文

章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直

接找到答案,有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、

是非判断、图形比较等。

做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓

住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及

查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。

有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料

中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时

候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。

5.利用常识解题

多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相关背景有所了解，读起文章来

一定既省时又省力。因此，在学习过程中，了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。考生应了

解下列知识：

（1）著名作家、艺术家及其主要作品；

（2）了解西方社会风土人情、社交活动、新年、圣诞节活动、宗教信仰、风俗习惯等；

（3）多看新闻联播、世界各地和各类英语讲座等节目；

（4）使用各种工具书，查阅各类名词、术语、重大事件等；

（5）熟记常用的缩略词语。

6.正确理解题干

纵观历年中考试题，阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型：一是直接回答who,whom,which,

what,where,when,why,how等疑问词引起的细节问题；二是猜测词义题；三是推理判断

题；四是综合概括题。在做阅读理解题时，一定要仔细看完、看清楚试题要求再作答，特别

要注意NOT,TRUE,EXCEPT等词。有时，要先看题后阅读文章，带着问题去读短文，可缩短

阅读时间，效果也许会更好。

总之，阅读理解题是中考试题中非常重要的一项内容，占有举足轻重的地位。如果学生按上

述答题方法去做，再做些适当的练习，一定会在阅读理解题上取得比较理想的成绩。

下面就在考试如何有效抢分进行实列演练说明，请同学们根据示范进行训练：

演练2个篇章，

03议论文

04应用文

03

模拟演练：议论文

Wecan,trememberclearlysincewhenwestartedtotakeourmobilestoadinnertable.This

happensalot,especiallywhenweeatout.Onceadishcomes,insteadOfliftingourchopsticks,we

takeoutourmobilesandclick.Later,wepostthephotosontoWeiboorWechat,waitingtobe

“liked”.ThenWecheckourmobilesfromtimetotimeduringthemeal,toseewhetherweget“liked”

ornot.Wejustcannotleaveourmobilesforonlyameal.

Doesthatsoundfamiliartoyou?Doyoudothatoften?Ifnot,howdoyoufeelwhenothersdothat

whenhavingdinnerwithyou?

ArecentstudysuggeststhatwhatWeareusedtodoingisnotsogood.Spendingtime

takingphotosoffoodmakesthefoodlesspleasant.Totestthis,someresearchersdidanexperiment.

Somepeoplewereaskedtotakephotosbeforetheycouldenjoyfood.Asaresult,itshowedthatthe

morephotostheytook,thelessdeliciousthefoodseemedtothem.So,whynotstoptakingphotos

andjustenjoythefoodinfrontofyou?

Besidesthescientificresult,therearealsosomeotherbadinfluencesoftakingphotosoffoodbefore

meals.AfterpostingthephotosontotheInternet,onewillnotbeabletocontrolhimselfandcheck

hismobilemanytimes.fctDoeseveryonelikemyphotos?Ihopealotofpeoplelikethem!,,Itseems

thatyourmobilesecretlycallsyournameallthetime,evenwhenyouarewithrealpeople.

So,nexttimeyougoouttohavedinnerwithyourfamilyorfriends,howaboutnottaking

photosoffood?Letthefoodbedeliciousasitisandshareyourlifewithpeoplearoundyou.Trust

me,itwillbeawonderfultime.

1.Fromthepassage,whathappensalotatthedinnertablenowadays?

A.PeopletalkabouttheirWeiboorWechat.

B.Peopletakephotosoffoodandpostthembeforeeating.

C.Peopleliketakingphotoswithfriendsorfamilies.

D.Peoplelearnfromeachotherhowtocookdishes.

2.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphtalkabout?

A.Thereasonsforcheckingyourmobiles.

B.ThewaysofpostingthephotosontotheInternet.

C.Thetips（提示）ofmakingotherslikeyourphotosontheWeibo.

D.Someotherbadinfluencesoftakingphotosoffoodbeforemeals.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter,sopinion?

A.Wetakeoutourmobilesandclickwhenadishcomes.

B.Wecheckourmobilesfromtimetotimeduringthemeal.

C.Somepeoplewereaskedtotakephotosbeforetheycouldenjoyfood.

D.Spendingtimetakingphotosoffoodmakesthefoodlesspleasant.

4.WhatcanweIeamfromthepassage?

A.Takephotosoffoodinordertohaveawonderfullife.

B.Takephotosofdeliciousfoodandsharethemwithothers.

C.Enjoythelifewithpeoplearoundusinsteadoftakingphotosoffood.

D.Remembertohavedinnerwithourfamilyandfriendsathome.

【答案】BDDC

【解析】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了一种社会现象，很多人吃饭前给食物拍照，然后发到微

博或者微信上面，等着别人点赞，最近研究发现，给食物拍照不好，一方面花时间拍照，食

物会变得没有那么好吃；另一方面，眼前的人会被忽视，所以专家呼吁，让食物美味如初，

享受与眼前人的相聚时刻。

1.细节理解题。由文中“Onceadishcomes,insteadofliftingourchopsticks,Wetakeoutour

mobilesandCIiCk.”可知人们吃饭前喜欢拍照，故选Bo

2.主旨大意题。由本段的中心句"Besidesthescientificresult,therearealsosomeotherbad

influencesoftakingphotosoffoodbeforemeals.”可知第四段主要讲述的是吃饭前拍照的一些

其他的坏的影响，故选D。

3.主旨大意题。A项意为“我们拿出手机并且上菜的时候进行拍照”；B项意为“我们在一顿饭

期间时不时地检查手机”；C项意为“在他们享受食物之前一些人被要求拍照“：都是现象的

描述，并非观点，均不符合题意，而本文主要讲述的是把手机带到餐桌上进行拍照的现象，

以及其不好的影响，故作者的观点一定是花时间拍食物的照片使得食物不美味，只有D项

符合题意，故选D.

4.推理判断题。由文中最后一段“Letthefoodbedeliciousasitisandshareyourlifewithpeople

aroundyou.Trustme,itwillbeawonderfultime.“可知让食物保持它原本的美味，并与你周围

的人分享你的生活，将是美好的时光，可以推测出作者的写作目的是享受与眼前人一起的生

活，而不是饭前拍照，所以C项符合题意，故选C。

议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者

的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。所以考生要培养根据上下文猜

词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作者的意图。议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解

一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等几种出题方式。

一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。议论文特别注意主题句，往往有总说

和分说的关系，主题句往往出现在第一句或最后归纳总结句中。

二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解。与前面做题相同。

三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。议论文一定有作者的观点，要正确把握。比喻这篇文章

就是“号召大家享受与眼前人一起的生活，而不是饭前拍照。

【实战演练】

Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,

youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroom

joinsin.Youdo,too.Why?

SometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenWedothesameasothers.Themorepeople

followanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It,sthesocialProoK社会认同感）that

works.

ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.

Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines（A,B,C）.Aislonger,Cisshorter

andBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthe

manisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermanentertheroom,andeachof

themgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.Nowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswer

C.AschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentSUbjeetS（实验对象）.

WhydoWeactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepawayfrom

danger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting（打猎）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallran

away.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Weare

descendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiedothers,action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwe

stilluseitnow.

Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.

Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductisςςthemostpopular”.

1.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby.

A.tellingastoryB.givingexamples

C.answeringquestionsD.showingamap

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows.

A.followingothersisalwaysright

B.socialproofmaychangepeople,sideas

C.it,sdifficulttocarryouttheexperiment

D.peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone

3.Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph4refersto.

A.runningwithothersB.huntingwithfriends

C.copyingothers,actionD.doingsomethingdifferent

4.Accordingtothepassage,Wecaninfer（推断）that.

A.it,simportanttorunwithothersanytime

B.productsintheadvertisementarethebest

C.Wemustn,tcopyothers,actiontokeepsafe

D.weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers

B（2022年浙江中考）

φHaveyouevershownyourphotosonyourfavoritesocialmedia（媒体）?Orhaveyou

expressedyourfeelingsandemotionsonyouronlinepage?Ifyes,doyouknowwhatyouhave

postedonthesocialmediascancauseproblemsyoucouldnotexpect?

（2）Cathy,whoisgoingtobefifteen,postedonlineaninvitationtoherbirthdaypartywithher

addressinit.Andguesswhat!500peoplecametotheparty,andsomeevenbrokethewindows

andplants,makingatotalmessofthehouse.Thegirl,sbirthdaypartyturnedintoanightmare（噩

梦）,

③Manyteenagers（青少年）thinktheyknoweverythingaboutsocialmedia,andthatsuch

athingcouldneverhappentothem.Studiesshowthateachyearmorethanthreemillionyoung

peopleintheworldgetintotroublebecauseoftheironlineactivities.

④Sodoremembertheseifyoureallywanttosharesomethingonline.

⑤ShareWithcaιe!Noteveryonewilllikewhatyouwriteonline.Thinkbeforeyoupost

anything.Youneverknowwhoseesyourtexts,picturesorvideos.Beforeclicking"post”,you

shouldaskyourself,ςtHowwillɪfeelifmyfamilyorteachersseethis?,,andςςHowmightthispost

bebadformeinfiveortenyearsfromnow?”

⑥BepoliteWheIIyouwrite!ImaHinesomeoneisunfriendlyinreallife.Thesameistrueof

onlinecommunication.Noonelikesitwhenyou“shout“inyourmessages.Ifyoufeelangryor

frustratedwhileyou,rewritingamessage,waitabit.Readitagainlaterandthensendit.

⑦Protectandrespect!Nevershareyourpasswordswithanyone.Ifsnotwisetopostyour

homeoremailaddressonline.Don,tsaybadthingsaboutpeople.Ifyougetmessageslikethator

seethemonline,talktoyourparentsoryourteachers.

（8）Γdsaynoneofthesethingspromises100%onlinesafety,buteachwillhelpyoutobe

safer.

1.Thewriterstartstointroducethetopicby.

A.tellingstoriesB.givingexamplesC.askingquestionsD.sharing

experiences

2.ThepartyturnedintoanightmarebecauseCathy.

A.madeatotalmessofthehouse.B.sharedthephotosofherhouseonline

C.invitedhundrendsofpeopletoherpartyD.postedaninvitationwithheraddress

online

3.Thewriterusesthemark"!"intheunderlinedsentencesofParagraphs5〜7to.

A.drawthereaders9attentionB.giveordersthatreadersshouldfollow

C.expressthestrongfeelingsofworryD.givethedecisionsthathavebeen

made

4.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysayingthelastsentence?

A.Youshouldspendmuchlesstimeonline.

B.It,snecessarytothinkbeforeyouactonline.

C.Youhavetomakeapromisebeforeyougoonline.

D.Ifyouwanttobesaferonline,doasthewritersuggests.

C

Thesedays,adultsareworriedaboutthegrowingnumberofkidswhoareoverweight,and

guesswhat?Kidsrealizeit'saproblem,too.Mostkidswhoareoverweighthavetoomuchbodyfat,

nomatterhowoldtheyareandhowtalltheyare.

Thenumberoftheoverweightkidshasincreasedalotoverthelast30years.IntheUnited

States,about20%ofthekidsaged2to19areoverweight.Thafsbadnewsbecausebeing

overweightcanleadtohealthproblems.

Overweightkidsalsomaybelaughedatbyotherkids,orfeelsadaboutthewaytheylook.Most

kidssaiditwasharderforoverweightkidstomakefriends.Solotsofkidssaidtheyhadtriedto

loseweight.Herearethewaystheytried.

Eatinghealthyisusuallythebestwaystoloseweight,and70%ofthekidsknewthat.Ifkids

arewoπiedaboutweight,expertssuggesttheythinkaboutwheretheyshouldgoforanswers.They

cantalktoanurseoradoctorasthebesthelp.

Doingsportsisanotherrightwaytoloseweight.Therearemanywaystostayactive:dancing,

yardwork,running,swimmingorevenwalkingaroundthemallorplayingoutside.Makeexercise

funbychoosingactivitiesyoulike.

1.Howmanychildrenunder20yearsoldinAmericaareoverweight?

A.80%B.70%C.30%D.20%

2.Whocangiveyouthebesthelpifyouareoverweight?

A.Theteachers.B.Thenurses.C.Thedoctors.D.BothCandD.

3.Whichisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.There,snoneedforlittlekidstoworryabouttheirweight.B.Thefatlookinfluencesa

child,slife.

C.Exercisecanhelpyoukeephealthyandslim.D.Toomuchbodyfatmayleadtodeath

moreeasily.

4.Howmanywaysoflosingweightdoesthepassagetellus?

A.1B.2C.3D.4

5.What,sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Don,tworryaboutyourweight.

B.Itisharderforoverweightchildrentomakefriends.

C.Beseriousaboutoverweightandchoosethewaysyouliketoloseweight.

D.Thenumberoftheoverweightkidshasincreasedalotoverthelast30years.

ELECTRICSCOOTER

8o=d88©

BackinBrisbane,Australia,fortheChristmasbreak,Ifoundmyselfinapublictransport

deadzone.Bikeless,7kilometersfromwhereIwasmeetingfriendsandunwillingtogetataxi,I

decidedtoborrowanelectricscooter.Thetriptookfarlongerthanitwouldhavebybike,mainly

becauseofamajorSPinhalfwaythere.Arock,hitatspeed,isaterriblething:weekslater,Istill

hadtheredkneesofaprimaιyschooler.

IntheUK,theyareIegaI（合法的）onlyonprivateland,buttheDepartmentforTransportis

discussinghowtocontrolthemonpublicroadsandpathways,withthepossibilityforlegalization

laterthisyear.Othercitiesthathavee-scooterrentalprogramshavehadproblemsintheearly

period.InParis,MayorAnneHidalgodescribedthesituationlastyearasmessy.Shehas

announcedthatthecityisreducingitsnumberofe-scootersto15,000andplanstocreatelaws

forbiddingthemfrompavements（人彳亍道）.Francehasputintoforcelawslimitinge-scooter

speedsto25kilometresperhour.

Similartodockless（无桩的）hirebicycles,e-scootersareparkedonpavementsandpeople

leavethemuptreesorthrowthemintorivers.Wildtreatmentshortenstheirlifetime,whichisbad

forbothprofitability（盈利）andtheenvironment.Analysissuggeststhattheaveragee-scooter,s

lifetimeisjustthreemonths.

Ithinke-scootersareanbasicpartoftheefforttomakecitytransportgreener.Theyareseen

asakeytothetiastmɪle^^problem-apotentialwaytoreducetransportjambyrapidlygetting

someonetotheirfinalgoal.Carscantakeup28timesthespaceofapersonridingabicycle.Asfar

astheenvironmentaleffectgoes,recentresearchsuggeststhate-scootersarenotasgreenas

walkingorcycling,buttheyarestillbetterthancars.Andthoughtherearestillmanyreportsof

seriousaccidents,scootingisaboutassafeascycling.StephenGosslingatLundUniversityin

Swedenhassuggestedwebuildcar-free“micromobility''streets,wherecyclists,pedestrians（行

人）ande-scooterscouldsharetheroad.Hethinksthiswillreduceaccidentrisksandinvitemore

vulnerable（易受伤害的）trafficparticipants,suchaschildren,tobecomeactivetransportusers.If

moree-scootersmeanfewercarsonroads,animprovementinlocalairqualityisalsoalikely

result.When20kilometersofroadsincentralLondonclosedforWorldCar-FreeDaylast

September,theairqualitywasgreatlyimprovedaccordingtothereport.

1.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartfctamajorspilΓ,inParagraphIprobablymean?

A.Aseriousfall.B.Asuddenillness,C.Alegalreaction.D.A

terriblebreakdown.

2.WhatdoWeknowaboute-scootersinParis?

A.Theyareillegalonpavements.B.Theyarealreadyoutoffashion.

C.Theyarefacingmorelimits.D.Theyaremorecommononprivate

land.

3.Whatisthewriter,sopinionofe-scooters?

A.Theyarenotassafeascycling.B.Theyalwayscausethetrafficjams.

C.Theyareasgreenascyclingorwalking,D.Theyplayabigroleinthe4iastmile^^

problem.

4.WhatisStephenGossling,ssuggestion?

A.Tosetupmorecare-freedays,B.Toinvitemorecycliststousee-

scooters.

C.Togetvulnerablepedestriansofftheroad,D.Toseparatecarsfrome-scooterson

theroad.

E（江苏徐州20年一模试题）

Freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagerstohavefun.Whataboutfreetimewithparents

around?Someteenagerswantfreeplaywithoutparents,SUPerViSion（监管）whileparentsand

experts（专家）maythinkdifferently.

LinTao,amiddleschoolstudent,thinksteenagersshouldbefreetoplay.ςςLasttimeIplayed

withmyparentsaround,Iwasnervousandjustcouldn,tenjoymyselftothefullest,,,Linsays.

“AndmyfriendChenXiaoxinhassimilarexperiences.Once,hewentouttoplaywithhis

classmates.Everyonefeltuncomfortablewithhismother,ssupervision.^^

WangMin,amotherofa14-year-oldboy,thinksplaytimeneedssupervision.Sheexplains,

“PeopleusuallysayIliketocontrolmykid,butthat,snottrue.Iamjustworriedthathewillget

intotrouble.SomeguysmayhaveabadinfluenceonhimandsomegameslikeLARP（居IJ本杀）

maymisleadhim.Hemightevengetindulgedinthestoriesandcan,tgetbacktoreallife.

Mr.Ma,adoctorofsocialstudies,saysit'sunderstandableforteenagerstowishforfreedom.

Freeplayhelpsthemtobeindependent.Parentscangivethemmorespace.Theydon,thaveto

supervisethemallthetime.However,teenagersshouldfindouttheexactdetails（细节）aboutthe

activitiesbeforeplaytime.Thentheycancommunicatewiththeirparentsanddecidetogether

whethertheycangoouttoplayalone.

!.Accordingtothepassage,freetimeisagoodchanceforteenagersto.

A.studyhardB.havefunC.getintotroubleD.mislead

parents

2.LinTaosupportshisownideaby________.

A.listingnumbersB.raisingquestionsC.comparingfactsD.giving

examples

3.Theunderlinedwords“getindulgedin”inPara.（段落）3probablymean.

A.getlostinB.getinterestedinC.betiredofD.be

proudof

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayMr.Masupport?

A.HeKai,sparentsarearoundeverytimeheplayswithhisfriends.

B.FengZhongfan,sparentsneveraskhimaboutwhomheplayswith.

C.LiuXianggoesoutwithoutknowinganythingabouttheactivities.

D.XieHaotalkstohisparentsabouttheexactdetailsbeforeplaytime.

F（2023年安徽一模试题）

WhileWeoftenquestionourfailuresandagreethemwithluckorfate（命运），weproudlyrelate

oursuccesstohardwork.Formostpeople,wedon,thaveachoice,ashardworkistheonlything

inourcontrol.Therefore,WeshouldkeepworkinghardandgiveitaShOtratherthancomplaining

luckorfate.

However,lifeisnotalwaysfair.Itdoesnotgiveequalopportunitiestoeveryone.Mostofthe

familiesinourcountrystrugglehardforaliving.Mostofthesepeopleworkhard,butonlyafewof

thembecomesuccessful.Sohardworkcannotbeadetermining（决定性的）factorforsuccess,

thoughit,sanecessaryfactor.

Thereisanotherwaytolookatluckorfate.Lifethrowsopportunitiesateveryone,butnot

everyonecatchesthemattherighttime.Peoplewhograbtheseopportunitiesaretheoneswho

succeedinfightingagainstdifficulties.Infact,itisnotbecauseWehavefeweropportunitiesbut

becauseweareunabletoseetheseopportunities.Sometimes,wecanseethembykeepinganeye

onthem,butsometimesopportunitiesneedtobecreatedbyhardwork.Luckandfatecannotlimit

whatapersoncando;Itcanjustfacilitate（使...更容易）progress.

Allinall,lifeisnotfair.Noteveryonehasequalopportunities.Butthatshouldnotstopusfrom

workinghard.Weshouldkeepfightingagainstthedifficultiestoachieveourdreams.

1.Theunderlinedphraseςςgiveitashof,inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.haveatryB.shootatC.giveupD.work

hard

2.Whatwouldtheauthorrelatehersuccessto?

A.luckB.hardworkC.fateD.AllofA,

B,andC

3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeagreedbytheauthor?

A.Hardworkisnottheonlychoiceformostpeople.

B.Peoplefailtoachievetheirdreamsbecauseofbadluck.

C.Hardworkcandetermineone,ssuccess.

D.Notaɪɪpeople,sdreamswouldcometruethroughhardwork.

4.Whatwouldbethemainideaofthispassage?

A.Lifeisnotalwaysfair.B.Luckmatters,buthardworkisa

necessity.

C.Keepaneyeonopportunity.D.Workhardandfightagainstallodds.

5.WhichsuggestioniswrongwhenyouworkedhardinEnglishlearningforaperiodoftimebut

failedinthelastexam?

A.Askyourteacherorparentsforhelp.

B.Thinkofwhatcausedyourfailureandfindbetterlearningmethods.

C.Weshouldkeepfightingagainstthedifficultiestoachieveourdream.

D.Workinghardisuselessandyoucandrawlotstochoosekeysforthenextexam.

04

模拟演练：应用文

WelcometothePaintingCompetitionforWoolandsStudents

TheInternationalAnti-DrUg（禁毒）Daythisyeariscomingsoon.Inordertoraiseteenagers1

awareness（意识）tofightagainstdrugtaking,theCityArtCouncilisgoingtoholdapainting

competitionforthestudentsinourcity.

Studentswhowanttotakepartinthecompetitioncanhandintheirown2Dpaintingsin

eitherofthefollowingtwoways：

★Eachschoolwillbeprovidedwithaboxforstudentstoputintheirpaintings.Boxeswill

bepickedupbytheCityArtCouncilonThursday,June23rd,2016,beforetheendoftheschool

day.

★PaintingscanbealsohandedinonFriday,June24th,from8：00amto10：00amatthe

WoodlandsArtHall(175RiversideStreet).

Allpaintingsarerequiredtobe60cmwideby80cmlongorsmaller.Largersizeswillnotbe

accepted.Eachstudentcanonlyhandinonepainting.

ThefinaldecisiononthecompetitionresultswillbemadeonJune26th,theAnti-DrugDay.

ThenamelistofthewinnerswillbemadeknownonthewebsiteoftheCityArtCouncilonthe

sameday.AllwinningpaintingswillbeshowntothepublicattheCityYouthParkfromJune27th

tilltheendofJuly.

Prizes:1stPrize(10students)=$300GiftCardeach

2ndPrize(20students)=$200GiftCardeach

3rdPrize(30SlUdemS)=$100GiftCardeach

Forfurtherinformation：Visithttp:IIwww.WoodlandsArtCounciLorgorcall2569-8632.

1.StudentsinWoodlandscantakepartinheldbytheCityArtCouncil.

A.apopmusicconcertB.asingingcompetition

C.apaintingcompetitionD.aname-signingactivity

2.Themainpurposeofthiscompetitionis.

A.toteachtheteenagerssomepaintingskills

B.totelltheteenagerstowalkawayfromdrugs

C.toprovidetheteenagerwithsomeartknowledge

D.tointroducethehistoryoftheAnti-DrugDaytotheteenagers

3.ThesizeofthepaintingslikewillNOTbeaccepted.

A.40cmwideby60cmlong

B.50cmwideby70cmlong

C.60cmwideby80cmlong

D.80cmwideby100cmlong

4.Thepubliccanenjoythewinningpaintings.

A.attheCityYouthParkB.attheCityArtCouncil

C.at175RiversideStreetD.attheWoodlandsArtHall

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.StudentsmustputtheirpaintingsintheschoolboxonJune24th.

B.Eachstudentcantakepartinthecompetitionwithone3Dpainting.

C.Studentscangetmoreinformationaboutthecompetitionintwoways.

D.Eachofthesecondprizewinnersinthecompetitionwillget300dollars.

应用文。（题干定位法）

英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具

体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速