广东省大湾区2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末联考英语试题

大湾区2023—2024学年第一学期末普通高中一年级联合考试英语本试卷共8页，分三部分，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWe’vecollectedsomeofthegreatestroyal(皇家的)palacesandcastlestovisitinBritain.Hereareourpicks.WindsorCastle,BerkshireWindsorCastleistheoldestcastleintheworld.ItusedtobeanofficialaccommodationforHerMajestytheQueenandwastheplacewheretheweddingofPrinceHaryandMeghanMarklewasheld.ThesiteofWindsorCastlewaschosenandbuiltbyWilliaminaround1070toguardthewesternwaystoLondonfromapossibleattack.Openallyearroundtothepublic.BuckinghamPalace,WestminsterTheofficialaccommodationoftheKingandQueenandoneofBritain’smostrecognizedhistoricsites,BuckinghamPalaceisoftenusedfornationalcelebrationsandevents.Itwasboughtin1761byGeorgeIIforhiswifeQueenCharlotte.BuckinghamPalaceisopentothepublicduringthesummermonthsandforalimitednumberoftoursinDecember,JanuaryandatEastereachyear.KewPalace,Richmond-Upon-ThamesSittingonthebanksoftheRiverThamesinLondonKewPalacemightbethesmallestoftheroyalpalaces.WiththebigKewGardensaround,thepalacewasbuiltin1631fortheLondonsilkbusinessman,SamuelFortreas.KewPalaceisopenforthesummerseason.HamptonCourtPalace,SurreySetontheedgeoftheRiverThames,HamptonCourtPalaceinSurreywasaTudorpalacecreatedbyCardinalWloseyintheearly16thcenturyandwasoncehometoHenryVIIovertheyears.Therearebeautifulgardensnearbyandthepalacewasopenedtothepublicin1838byQueenVictoria.Openallyearround,except24-26December.1.WhywasWindsorCastlebuilt?A.Topromotewesternculture.B.Tofindnewwaystothewest.C.ToguardLondonfromattacks.D.ToprotecttheroadstoLondon.2.WhatdoKewPalaceandHamptonCourtPalacehaveincommon?A.Theyareverysmall.B.TheyareneartheRiverThames.C.Theywerebuiltbyabusinessman.D.TheywereopenedtothepublicbyaQueen.3Whichpalacehastheshortestopeningtimeinayear?A.WindsorCastle. B.BuckinghamPalace.C.KewPalace. D.HamptonCourtPalace.BItwasthefirstrunofafamilyskiweekendinColorado.Theperfectspringmorninggreeteduswithclearskiesandawarmtemperature.Weplannedthecourseonthemountainmapandsetoff.Then,threeminutesintotherun,myleftskicameoff;thenmyrightskiturnedoverandtookmylegwithit,andthenIheardthesharpsound.Ilayonthesnow,screaming.Mybrotherandhusbandstoppedandtookmedownthemountaintothehospital．Afteranoperation,thedoctortoldmethatIwouldn’twalkforthreemonths.Itseemedlikeablow.“Howcanwegeteverythingdone?”IturnedtoAdam,myhusband.Whowouldgetthekidstothebusat7:15a.m.,sincemyhusbandwasinhisofficeby6a.m.eachday?Whowoulddealwiththetwodogs?Whowouldpreparedinner?Whowoulddrivetotennispractices?“We’llworkitout,”Adamsaid.Inodded,becausewedidn’thavetheotherchoice．Butsomethingunexpectedhappened:friendsbothnearandfarweresearchingforwaystheycouldhelp.Parentsatourschoolbusstopofferedtodropmykidsoffeachafternoon.Mykidsranupthestepseachdaytocheckonme.Myhusband,themanwho,inthepast,hadtobetoldwhattodoandwhentodoit,pulledourfamilybackup.Finally,Ireturnedtotheshoppingandthebuspickups.Imadedinnersagain.Iorganizedeveryoneandsentthemoutthedoor.Butsomethinghadchangedinourfamily,inme.NowIamquickertoaskforhelpifIamtheoneneeding.4.Inwhichactivitydidtheauthorbreakherlegs?A.Hiking． B.Horseriding． C.Snowskiing． D.Mountainclimbing．5.Howdidtheauthorfeelaftertheoperation?ASerious． B.Anxious． C.Confused． D.Impressed．6.Whatdoestheunexpectedthingreferto?A.Myattitudechanged． B.Thingswentonsmoothly．C.Myfriendsbecameactive． D.Myhusbandgoteverythingdone．7.Whatdoestheauthorwantustolearnfromherstory?A.Weshouldenjoyourlife． B.Weshouldliveinthemoment．C.Weshouldvalueourfamily． D.Weshouldbebravetoaskforhelp．CTheweekmyeldestsonfinishedpre-schooleducation,Idecidedtoclearouttheplayroomfilledwithhistoys.ToyshadkepthimcompanywheneverhismotherandIwerebusywithotherduties,andovertheyearswehadcollectedareallylargenumberofthem.HerearesomeofwhatIfound:13puzzles,4gamesforpractisingmaths,andaspeakerboxthatcouldplayMozarttodevelopmusicalability.Ourmassesofplaythingsmayhavebeenextreme,butitwasbynomeansunusual.Americanfamiliesspend,onaverage,around600dollarseveryyearontoys;a10-year-oldchildintheUKmayhaveowned238toys,totalingabout6,500pounds.Duringthepasttwocenturies,educators,toycompaniesandparentslikeushaveactedasifthepurposeofplayistopreparechildrenforadulthood.Themorebooklearningwecouldpackupasplay,andthengivetoourchildren,thebetter.Then,inthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,toyswereincreasinglyboughtforthepurposeofbuildingbetterbrainsinordertobuildmorecompetitiveandsuccessfulgrownups.By2020,thedifferentkindsofeducationaltoyshadmadenearly$65billionworldwide.Toysthatteach—fromtheSpeak&SpelltotheSee&Say—arenowapartofmanyyounglives.“Thisgenerationofparentsisaskingtoystoprovideanendproduct,andthatendproductissuccess,”RichardGottlieb,aninfluentialtoyindustryadvisor,commented.“TheywanttoystogettheirchildrenintoHarvard.”“Themodelhasbeen,‘IfIgettoysthatdoschoolishthings,thenthat’sgood,’”AlisonGopnik,aleadingdevelopmentalpsychologist,said.“Butthatreallygoesagainstwhatthedevelopmentalscienceistellingus.Foralongtime,we’vebeengettingourchildren,andtheirtoys,allwrong.”8.Whydoestheauthormentiontoysinhishouse?A.Topresentthevarietiesoftoys.B.Toadviseotherstobuyfewertoys.C.Toshowparents’crazinessfortoys.D.Tocomplainoftoomanytoysinhishouse.9.Howdoestheauthorshowhispointinparagraph2?A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Byquotingopinions.C.Byprovidingexamples. D.Bydrawingcomparisons.10.Whatisparents’misunderstandingabouttoys?A.Theycankeepchildrenhappy.B.Theycanmakechildrenpositive.C.Theycanreducechildren’sstress.D.Theycanpromotechildren’ssuccess.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DoWeNeedtoBuyToys? B.AreToysaPartofOurLife?C.CanToysBringUsHappiness? D.HaveWeGotToysAllWrong?DOneday,youmightbeorderingyourfavoritepizzafromarobot.ResearchersatauniversityinPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,areworkingoncreatingapizza-makingrobot.“Robotsarebasicallypreprogrammedtorepeatthesameactionsoverandover,”saysDavidHeld,arobotexpertfromCarnegieMellonUniversity,andoneofthemembersofapizza-makingteam．Butmakingpizzahaschallenges.Forinstance,theflour(面粉)willbecomesquishywhenmeetingwater,withashapethatcanchangeinmanyways.Also,pizza-makingrequiresmanysteps—suchasrollingandcutting—andseveraltools,includingarolling,aknifeandsoon.Inwhatordershouldthestepsbedone?Whichtoolsshouldbepicked,andwhen?“Ifyouneedtodoacookingtask,thereareseverallevelsthatyouhavetoreasonabout,”Heldsays.Oncepeoplegetthehangofit,“Wedon’tevenneedtothinkaboutexactlyhowwe’redoingit-itsortofjusthappens.Butrobotscan’treally“understandwhattodoontheirown”.Tostart,theteamusedacomputertoconsiderhowarobotcouldlift,fatten,gather,moveandcutdough(生面团).Themethodhastwolevelsofroboticreasoning:onethatthinkshowitshouldapproachtheoveralltask,andtheotherthatthinkshowitshouldmoveits“hands”toperformeachaction．Theresultwasbetterthanwiththeusualprogrammingtechniques.“Wegotalittlebitclosertotherightshapethantheformermethods,”Heldsays．“‘Butthere’sstillalotofroomforimprovement.”Fornow,peoplewillcontinuetomakepizzatheold-fashionedway:withtheirownhands.Sill,apizza-makingrobotisagoodgoal.Andifarobotcoulddealwithdough,itcouldalsoworkwithotherobjectsthatcanchangeshapes.“Youcanimaginerobotshelpinginhospitals,orrobotsthatcleanuptoysindaycares,”Heldsays.“Thegeneralgoalistoeventuallyhaverobotsthatcanhelpwithwhateverthetaskmaybe.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“squishy”inparagraph2mean?A.Soft. B.Dirty. C.Plain. D.Precious.13.Whatisachallengeforpizza-makingrobots?A.Separatingflourfromwater.B.Doingallthestepsinorder.C.Usingseveraltoolsatonce.D.Repeatingthesameactions.14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Methodsofmovingapizza.B.Problemswithpizzamaking.C.Improvementstothepizzarobot.D.Suggestionsonhowtomakepizza.15.WhatdoesHeldsayaboutthedevelopmentofrobotsinthefuture?A.Theywillhelphumansindifferentfields.B.Theywillreplacehumanstodoallthework.C.Theywilldobetterthanhumansindaycares.D.Theywilldowhatevertaskaswellashumans.第二节(共5小题，每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TrickstoAchievePersonalDevelopmentStoicismisaschoolofGreekphilosophy(哲学),foundedinthe3rdcenturyB.C.,andpopularthroughouttheRomanandGreekworlduntilthe3rdcenturyA.D.Inmoderndays,it’softenusedbypeopletohelpwiththeirpersonaldevelopment.____16____.RecognizewhatyoucanchangeandbemeaningfulinyouractionsStoicismencouragesyoutoletgoofwhatyoucannotcontrol.____17____.Whenyourecognizethethingsyoucanchangeandarestrategicinhowyoudoit,it’smorelikelythatyou’llfeelsatisfiedandlessstressedoverall.____18____Oneofthemostcommonthingskidssayis“that’snotfair!”Soyouneedtofindoutwhyit’snotfair.Ifthereasonsareoutofyourcontrol,youshouldn’twastemuchenergytryingtofightwhat’sunfair.Onceyouacceptthethingsyoucan’tcontrol,lifewillbelessdisappointing.Becritical(批判的)ofyourownthoughtsStoicismasksyoutoconsiderwhetheryourthinkingisactuallyreal.Infact,youoftentellyourselvesalotofthingsduringaday,manyofwhicharen’ttrueorhelpful.Thiscansoundlike“I’llnevermeetsomeone”or“Ididaterriblejobatmymeetingandnowmyteamhateme.”____19____.Writeitdownandactonit____20____.Gettingintothehabitofwritinganythingdownthatfeelsmeaningful,inspiring,orhelpfulwillpushyoutorealizethesethoughts.”Inaddition,theactofwritingthingsdowncanhelpyourealizewhatyoureallywantinlife,whichmaypromoteinnerhappiness.A.TheyneedcriticalthinkingskillsB.BecomfortablewithunmanageablethingsCStoicismencouragesturningwordsintoactionD.HerearefourlessonsteenagerscanlearnfromStoicismE.ItalsocreatesspaceforamorehelpfulandbalancedvoiceF.ItalsoencouragesyoutofocusonthethingsyoucancontrolG.Whenyouacceptthesethoughtsastruth,youlimityourselves第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onemorning,asIwaswalkingalongabusyroad,Isawanoldlady,standinganxiouslyclosetothetraffic.Realizingthedanger,Ifeltasenseof____21____toremindhernottostandsoclosetothe____22____trafficrushingby.WhenIreachedthe____23____wheretheoldladywasstanding,Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionof____24____whoweretoobusytotakenoteofher.Sheexplainedshehad____25____herhousekeyinthemiddleoftheroad.AlthoughIknewIwasgettinglate,I____26____tohelpher.Theroadwasfilledwithpeople,carsandschoolbuses.Itwasa(n)____27____timeofdaytocrossaroadwithoutatrafficlight.Itookadeepbreath,andcarefully____28____theroad.Justthenaschoolbus____29____andstoppedrightinfrontofthekey.Allthe_____30_____behinditcametoasuddenstoptoavoidhurtingme._____31_____,Ipickedupthekeyandreturnedtotheoldlady.Shethankedmeheartily,butIfelt_____32_____duetotheangryshoutsfromthedrivers.WhileIwasproudofchoosingtohelp,I_____33_____thatmydecisionwasnotwiseasIfailedtoconsidermyown_____34_____andcausedtroubleforothers.I_____35_____iftherecouldhavebeenabetterwaytosolvetheoldlady’sproblem.21.A.loss B.responsibility C.adventure D.achievement22.A.crowded B.amazing C.monitored D.increasing23.A.stop B.destination C.position D.station24.A.survivors B.workers C.passers-by D.organizers25.A.thrown B.dropped C.buried D.forgotten26.A.applied B.refused C.pretended D.attempted27.A.unsuitable B.illegal C.dishonest D.informal28.A.steppedonto B.jumpedonto C.fellinto D.lookedinto29.A.disappeared B.waited C.left D.approached30.A.cars B.bikes C.trucks D.motorcycles31.A.Obviously B.Actually C.Additionally D.Immediately32.A.confident B.surprised C.satisfied D.awkward33A.predicted B.realized C.believed D.insisted34.A.family B.business C.safety D.ability35.A.notice B.mention C.wonder D.fear第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wildlifeprotectionis____36____globalissue,asillegalhuntingandhabitatlosscontinuetothreatenthebalanceofecosystems(生态系统).Thedecreaseinspecieshascausedconcernsamongindividualsandorganizationsallovertheworld.____37____(recognize)theseriousneedforactions,peoplearemakingeffortstoraiseawarenesstofight____38____theseharmfulpractices.Todealwiththethreatsfacedbywildlife,buildingreservesandhabitatsplaysanimportantrole.Theseareasprovideasafeplaceforvariousspeciestosurvive,allowing____39____(they)toliveandgrowwithouttheeffectofhumanactivities.By____40____(create)theseprotectedspaces,wecanensurethe____41____(preserve)oftheirnaturalhabitatsandprotecttheirpopulationsforfuturegenerationstoenjoy.However,thechallenge____42____(lie)inkeepingthebalancebetweenconservationandeconomicdevelopment.Practicalpractices,suchasresponsibletourismandthepromotionofenvironment-friendlyindustries,cancreateincomewithoutdoingharmtothewell-beingofwildlifeandtheirhabitats.Bycarryingoutthesepracticalpractices,wecandevelopa____43____(harmony)relationshipbetweenhumanactivitiesandthenaturalworld.____44____(true),wildlifeprotectionisanecessaryissue_____45_____requireseffortsfromgovernments,organizations,andindividuals.Byrisingawarenessandapplyingstrictermanagement,wecanreducethethreatsfacedbyendangeredspecies.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。committeeconcentrateonemperordonatedpretendappreciateburyinharmonysufferingfromstrengthfallingapartac