2023年上海市中考英语二轮综合复习-10 完形填空之人与社会（学生版）

热点10完形填空之人与社会（学生版）

（建议用时：30分钟）

命题趋势

中考生最为棘手的题型之一。它既考查对语法、词汇、习语、句型、搭配等基础知识的

综合运用能力，又考查对短文的阅读理解能力。其中包括在具体的语境中灵活运用语言知识

的能力，根据试题内容进行正确的逻辑推理，综合判断和分析概括的能力。

满分技巧

1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。

2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推

理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可

出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、

词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。

3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直

接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单

词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。

4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：（1）文章是否顺畅；（2）所填单词是否是最佳单词；

（3）所填单词是否有拼写错误。

完形填空的解题方法和技巧：

1）确定填入单词的词性。

2）根据短语的固定搭配。

3）固定的句式结构。

4）利用冒号或者破折号。

5）利用句子在语段中的“地位”。

根点话题j

青少年、教育、著名人物等。

限时检测

一、完形填空

Twomonthsago,whenourclasselection（选举）started,Idecidedtorunforclasspresident.Ienjoyed

speakinginpublicandgotalongwellwithpeople,soIfeltiteasytowin.Butɪwas]thatpeoplewould

feelbadformeifIlost.

Iwasbusypreparinginthefollowingweek.Myplanwasn,ttomakepromisestodothingsIcouldn,t

2、buttoshowmyclasswhyIwantedtobepresident.

I3mypostersinhallwaysandintheclassroom.Ialsospentthreehourswritingmyspeechsaying

thatIwastheonetheycouldturntowhenevertheyhadaproblem.SinceIwas4prepared,Ifeltthatmy

chancesofwinningwerestrong.

However,whenIgavemyspeechonElectionDay,theresponse（反应）wasn,twhatIhad5.Few

peopleactuallylistened.Whenitwasmyopponent's（对手的）turn,everyonewasscreaminghisname.Hisspeech

wasshort,butalltothepoint.Bythen,IrealizedIshouldhavemademine6andclearer.

Itwasclearwhowould7.Fortherestoftheday,Ifeltlikeitwasover.Iwantedtojustgohome

andcry,butImadeitthrough.

My8wasright:ɪdidn,twin.

Thenextday,peoplewerestilltalkingabouttheelection.Ijustpretended（假装）nottohear.Butlater,things

gotbetter.People9abouttheelectionandtalkedtomejustastheydidbefore.Idon,tregretputting

timeandenergyintotheelectionbecauseI,velearnedthatthingsaren,talwaysgoingthewayIexpect.And

momentsoffailurelikethisshapeone,s10—sincethenI'velearnedtofacedisappointmentand

grownstronger.

1.A.boredB.afraidC.excitedD.hopeful

2.A.compareB.rememberC.manageD.repeat

3.A.putoutB.putupC.putawayD.putoff

4.A.fullyB.quicklyC.freshlyD.probably

5.A.fearedB.facedC.mentionedD.pictured

6.A.longerB.nicerC.shorterD.louder

7.A.insistB.returnC.waitD.win

8.A.suggestionB.directionC.predictionD.introduction

9.A.forgotB.wroteC.caredD.discussed

10.A.trustB.personalityC.prideD.support

Doyouliketodrinkhotwater?Comparedwithpeopleinmost11countries,Chinesepeople

especiallyliketodrinkwarmwater.Doyouknowwhy?

Intheolddays,people12waterfromtheriver.Thebacteria（细菌）initcouldmake13

sick.Atthattime,peoplearoundtheworldused14waystokillthebacteriainthewater.Forthe

Chinese,theythoughtdrinkingboiledwaterwas15waytoprotectthemselvesfromthebadbacteria.

Whafsmore,intraditionalChinesemedicine“yirΓand“yang"meancoldandhotenergy.Itwas

16thatthepowerofyourbodycamefrom"yang”.Anddrinkinghotwater17nourishthe

youngenergy.That,s18traditionalChinesedoctorsalwayssuggestpeopleshouldnotdrinkcoldwater.

Besidesthis,beforepeopleinnorthernChinahadthecentralheating（中央供暖），itwashard19

themtopreventthecoldinwinter.Drinkinghotwaterhelpedthemkeepwarm.Anotherreasonisthatsincethe

early20century,theChinesegovernmenthasencouragedpeopletodrinkmorewarmwater.Ithasalso

helpedtheChinesetoformthisspecialhabit.

11.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others

12.A.drinkB.drinksC.drankD.drinking

13.A.theyB.weC.ourD.them

14.A.differentB.differentlyC.brightD.brightly

15.A.easyB.easierC.theeasiestD.easily

16.A.believingB.believesC.believeD.believed

17.A.mayB.couldC.wouldD.should

18.A.whyB.howC.whichD.what

19.A.ofB.forC.withD.to

20.A.twentyB.thetwentyC.twentiethD.thetwentieth

三、阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

WeallheardthestoryofNvwapatchingup（修补）theskywithmeltedcolouredstones.Manyyearspassed

and21brokeoutagain.Oneofthemwasabigflood.ItappearedintheYeilowRiverduringtheruleof

EmperorYao,andthepeoplewereforcedto22theirvillagesandgotoliveintreesormountains.The

floodbroughtgreat23tothepeople,slife.EmperorYaofelt24forthesufferingofthepeople,so

heaskedGuntosolvetheproblem.Receivingthe25、Gunledhisteamtobuilddikes（堤坝）tokeepback

thewaterbutfailed.ThenShun,thenextemperor,orderedGun,ssonYutocontinuewiththeworkafterGundied.

Yuacceptedtheworkandfoundthatitwas26thanhehadthought.Buthefoughtagainstthegreat

floodbravely.Forthirteenyears,hedevoted（投入）himselftohiswork.Hepassedhishousethreetimesbutdid

not27it.Drawingalessonfromhisfather,sfailure,heusedmethodsofchannelinganddredging（挖道和

疏浚）andcontrolledthegreatflood28.Hedidsomuchforthepeoplethatpeoplecalledhim“Yuthe

Greaf,andEmperorShun29himasthenextemperor.

Yuwonthetrustofhisemperorandthepeoplewithhisgreateffort.Hewassuchawise,strong-mindedand

greatpersonthatheis30learningfrom.Wewillrememberhimforever.

21.A.diseasesB.troublesC.warsD.skies

22.A.buildupB.giveupC.cleanupD.lookup

23.A.hopeB.messageC.convenienceD.damage

24.A.doubtfulB.shyC.sorryD.peaceful

25.A.orderB.helpC.letterD.gift

26.A.easierB.moreinterestingC.moredifficultD.stranger

27.A.enterB.rememberC.lookD.find

28.A.successfullyB.suddenlyC.hardlyD.secretly

29.A.usedB,workedC.describedD.chose

30.A.uselessB.busyC.afraidD.worth

四、

Inthe1930s,theChineseCentralRedArmyquietlypassedacrosstheYuduRiverinGanzhou,Jiangxi.They

decidedtostarta31andhardmarch（行军）.Itwas32knownastheLongMarch.Duringthe

LongMarch,theChineseCentralRedArmypassedmanyplaces.TheystartedfromJiangxi,passedthrough

severalprovincesandfinallyarrivedinShanxi.Itissaidthatthey33about25,000Ii（about12,500

kilometers）duringtheLongMarch.

Atschool,youmayhavelearnedinbooksthatsoldiers34manydifficulties.Theylivedahardlife

andfoughtagainsttheenemies.TheycrossedChishuiheforfourtimes,35manykindsofdifficulties.In

Sichuan,soldiersspentahardtimecreeping（匍匐）acrossLudingChainBridge,inthemiddleofgunfire.They

alsoclimbed36thesnowyJiajinMountain,whichwas4,930metershigh.Theydidn,thaveenough

foodtoeat,sotheyoftenwenthungryfordays.Andtheydidn,thaveenough37tostayawayfromthe

cold.Manysoldiers38.About86,000peopletookpartinthemarch,39onlyabout7,000were

leftwhentheyarrivedinShanxi.

Today,Wecanvisittheplacesthattheyoncepassedthrough.Thisway,wemaytrulyunderstandthe

40oftheLongMarch:Neverbeafraidofdifficultiesandnevergiveuphope.

31.A.quickB.slowC.longD.short

32.A.exactlyB∙graduallyC.probablyD.famously

33.A.walkedB.flewC.droveD.rode

34.A.thoughtofB.wentthroughC.lookedthroughD.heardof

35.A.facingB.remainingC.spreadingD.avoiding

36.A.overB.byC.intoD.of

37.A.partnersB.requestsC.goalsD.clothes

38.A.completedB.diedC.praisedD.cried

39.A.becauseB.althoughC.butD.so

40.A.discoveryB∙spiritC.influenceD.introduction

五、

The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongyangFestival,whichfallsonOct.4ththisyear.

^ςChong,,means“double“inChinese.41.asdoubleninthwaspronouncedthesameasthewordtoexpress

“fbrever”,Chineseancestorsconsidereditagooddayworthcelebration.That,s42ancientChinesebegan

tocelebratethisfestivallongago.

PeoplefollowseveralcustomsonDoubleNinthFestival.Forexample,peopleoften43thecornel（ill

茱萸）ontheirarmsorheadsbecausetheybelievethisplantcanpreventdiseasesandavoiddisasters.Besides,

peopleliketoclimb44onthisday,soDoubleNinthFestivalis45MountainClimbingFestival.

The9thlunarmonthoftenhasautumnskiesandfreshair.Itisagoodtime46sightseeing.Whenpeople

standonahighmountain,theywillhaveagoodviewofablueskyanddarkgreenmountains,whichmakes

47carefreeandjoyful.ChongyangCakeisalsoknownas“flowerCake".Itissaidthatthe48was

originally（最初）preparedafterautumnharvest,becausefarmerswantedtohavea49ofwhatwasjustin

season.ThengraduallyitbecamethecakeforpeopletoeatonDoubleNinthFestival.DoubleNinthFestivalisa

festivalforthe50.Peoplegettogethertoshowtheirloveandconcernfortheirparentsandtheir

grandparents.

41.A.ButB.ThoughC.AlsoD.While

42.A.whenB.whyC.whereD.how

43.A.wearB.dressC.putD.carry

44.A.treesB.stonesC.rocksD.mountains

45.A.calledB.knownC.madeD.seen

46.A.inB.withC.forD.on

47.A.himB.youC.usD.them

48.A.flowerB.cakeC.drinkD.festival

49.A.tasteB.soundC.smellD.touch

50.A.youngB.oldC.richD.poor

六、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Hewasthegreatest51intheEnglishlanguageandisknownaroundtheworld.52howmuch

doyoureallyknowaboutWilliamShakespeareandhislife?Shakespearewasbomin1564and53in

1616.Heleftus38plays,154SOnnetS（十四行,诗）andsomeotherpoems.Heisfamousforhisplays,whichhave

beentranslatedintoeverymajorlanguageand54morethanthoseofanyotherPIayWright（居IJ作家）inthe

world.

WhenShakespearewas18yearsold,hemarriedAnneHathawayandtheyhadthreechildren.Shakespeare

wenttoLondontoworkasanactorandwriter.In1599,theGlobeTheatrewasbuiltinLondon.Itwasinthis

theatrethat55ofShakespeare,splayswerefirstperformed.In1613,thetheatrewas56byafire.

However,peoplerebuiltitneartheoriginalsite（原址）in1997,soeventodayyou57gototheGlobe

TheatretoseeoneofShakespeare,splays.

Shakespeare,swork