重庆市三峡名校联盟2020-2021学年高一上学期英语试题

三峡名校联盟高2020级2020—2021学年第一学期英语试题考试时间120分钟。满分150分第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）注意，回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍.例如:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£9.5.B.£19.5.C.£9.15.1.What’stheweatherprobablyliketomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cloudy.2.Howlongdidthemanstayintheuniversity?A.5years.B.3years.C.2years.3.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewenttoaparty.B.Hesawadoctor.C.Hevisitedhisgrandma.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowworkers.B.Classmates.C.Customerandsalesperson.5.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome.B.Inashop.C.Inahotel.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whydidthewomangotoseethemovie?A.It’sherhusband’sstory.B.Itstarsherfavoriteactor.C.Ithassomethingtodowithherhusband’scareer.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemovie?A.Great.B.Moving.C.Funny.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What’swrongwithSusan?A.Shedoesn’twanttoeat.B.She’sgotastomachache.C.Shefeelstired.9.WhendidSusanstarttostayinhospital?A.Threedaysago.B.Aweekago.C.Amonthago.10.Whoisthewomanspeakerprobably?A.Apatient.B.Anurse.C.Adoctor.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomanplantodoforthenextholiday?A.VisithistoricalplacesinEgypt.B.TakehistoryclassesaboutEgypt.C.Gotothesouthernpole.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sbookedroom?A.It’scheap.B.IthasanoceanviewC.It’swellknown.13.Whydidthemanfailtopassthetestaccordingtothewoman?A.Hehadanunluckynumber.B.Hedidn’tworkhard.C.Hediditcarelessly.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemanstopthegirl?A.Shehitstheman’scar.B.Sherunsintothetrafficsign.C.Shedrivesinthewrongway.15.Howoldisthegirl?A.14.B.15.C.16.16.Whatwillthemando?A.Callthepolice.B.Putthegirlintoprison.C.Phonethegirl’sparents.17.Howdoesthegirlfeelintheend?A.Surprised.B.Sorry.C.Angry.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmanyselfhelpbooksweresoldlastyear?A.2million.B.2.5million.C.3million.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutselfhelpbooks?A.Theygivereadersadviceonlifeproblems.B.Theyteachreadershowtolivealone.C.Theytellreadershowtohelpothers.20.Whatdidpeopleusetothinkaboutselfhelpbooks?A.Theylikedthemverymuch.B.Theydidn’tpaymuchattentiontothem.C.Wedon’tknow.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C、D)中.选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AStretching(绵延)2,298kilometers,BeijingGuangzhouhighspeedrailwayisthelongesthighspeedrailrouteintheworld,connectingthecapitalcityinthenorthwiththetouristcityofGuangzhouinthesouth.Whenthelinewasfullyopentothepublicin2018,ithelpedcutthetraveltimefromnearly30hourstoabout8.It'salsoasceniclinethatofferspicturesquesightsandinterestingplacestovisit.Herearesomestopsnottobemissedalongtheway.Zhengzhou:ExperiencingtheShaolinwayoflifeStartingfromBeijingWestRailwayStation,itpassesShijiazhuanginHebeiProvinceandthenreachesthehistoricalcityofZhengzhouinHenanProvince.ForthosewhoarecuriousaboutChinesemartialarts,there'saperfectspot—MountSongshan.LegendhasitthatmonksoftheWuhan:Acitythatrosefromtheashes(灰烬）FromZhengzhou,thehighspeedtraingoesfurthersouthandarrivesatacrossroadsinChina'sheartland—Wuhan,betterknownforitsbattleagainstthenovelcoronavirusoutbreakthisyear.Asthingsgraduallyreturnedtonormal,thecity'slandmarks,thesymbolicYellowCraneTowerandthefascinatingShennongjiaGuangzhou:AplaceforsomefunWhenthetrainmakesitsfinalstop,you'reatarisingcoastalChinesetouristcity—Guangzhou.Funseekerscan'tmisstheChimelongTouristResort,oneofthemostpopularthemeparksinthecountry.Alargewildlifepark,aworldclasscircus(马戏团),Asia'slargestwaterparkaswellassomethrillingrideswilldefinitelykeepyouentertained.1.ForthosewhowanttolearnsomethingaboutChineseKungfu,whichstopdoyouremendtothem?A.Guangzhou. B.Beijing. C.Wuhan. D.Zhengzhou.2.Whatdothetwocities,WuhanandGuangzhou,haveinmonaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothareinlandcities.B.Bothhaveworldfamouscircus.C.BothofferagoodviewofwildanimalsD.Bothprovidetouristswithhistoricalsites.3.Whereisthistextmostprobablyfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Anovel. C.Alecture. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了京广铁路沿线几个值得旅行的城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“LegendhasitthatmonksoftheShaolinTempledeepinthemountainforesthavemasteredtheartofKungfuforcenturies.”（传说少林寺的和尚在深山森林中已经掌握了几个世纪的功夫艺术。）可知，对于那些想要学习中国功夫的人可知，可以推荐郑州站。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Asthingsgraduallyreturnedtonormal,thecity'slandmarks,thesymbolicYellowCraneTowerandthefascinatingShennongjiaNationalParketc,havenowreopenedtovisitors.”（随着一切逐渐恢复正常，该市的地标性建筑，标志性的黄鹤楼和迷人的神农架国家公园等，现已向游客重新开放。）和文章第四段“Funseekerscan'tmisstheChimelongTouristResort,oneofthemostpopularthemeparksinthecountry.Alargewildlifepark…”（寻欢作乐的人不能错过长隆旅游度假区，这是中国最受欢迎的主题公园之一。一个大型野生动物园……）可推知，这两个城市都能很好地观察野生动物。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It'salsoasceniclinethatofferspicturesquesightsandinterestingplacestovisit.Herearesomestopsnottobemissedalongtheway.”（它也是一条风景优美的线路，提供了如画的风景和有趣的地方参观。以下是沿途不可错过的几站。）可推知，这篇文章主要介绍了京广铁路沿线几个值得旅行的城市。由此可知，它可能来自一个旅游手册。故选D。BThislittleSouthAmericanpenguinswims5,000milestoabeachinBrazileveryyearinordertobereunited(团聚)withthemanwhosaveditslife.Itsoundslikesomethingoutofafairytale,butit'strue!71yearoldretiredfishermanJoao,wholivesinanislandvillagejustoutsideRiodeJaneiro,Brazil,foundthesmallpenguinlyingonrocksathislocalbeachin2011.Thepenguinwascoveredinoilandrunningoutoftimefast.Joaosavedthepenguin,namingitDinDin,cleanedtheoiloffitsfeathersandfedhimadailydietoffishtorebuilditsstrength.Afteraweekofrecovery,Joaotriedtoreleasethepenguinbackintothewild.“Hestayedwithmefor11monthsandthen,justafterhechangedhiscoatwithnewfeathers,hedisappeared,"Joaorecalled.Thelittleguywasn’tgonelongthoughandjustafewmonthslater,hewasbackatthesamebeach.HesawJoaofishingandfollowedhimhome,stayingwithhimfortherestofthatyear.Amazingly,eachyearDinDinspendsabouteightmonthswithJoaoandisbelievedtospendtherestofthetimebreeding(繁殖)onthePatagoniacoasts.It’sthoughtthatDinDinswimsupto5,000milestoreturntoJoao."Ilovethepenguinlikeit'smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,"JoaotoldGlobo."Nooneelseisallowedtotouchhim.Hepecks(啄)themiftheydo.Heliesonmylap,letsmegivehimshowers,andallowsmetofeedhim."ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefisherman,toldTheIndependent,"Ihaveneverseenanythinglikethisbefore.IthinkthepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhisfamilyandprobablyapenguinaswell."Whenheseeshim,hewagshistaillikeadog.It’sluckyforJoaoandDinDin,becauseitisillegalinBraziltokeepwildanimalsaspets.Krajewskisaid,“Professionalswhoworkwithanimalstrytoavoidrelationshipslikethissotheycansendtheanimalsbackintothewild.Butinthissinglecasetheauthorities(当局)allowedDinDintostaywithJoaobecauseofhiskindness.”4.EveryyearDinDinswimsalongdistancetoabeachinBrazilto.A.avoidbeingkilled B.meethisrescuerC.findaplacetohavebabies D.findmuchmorefish5.WhenDinDinwasfoundin2011,.A.hewasdyingB.hewasrunningonthebeachC.hewasrestingonarockD.hewascleaningoiloffhisfeathers6.WhatmakesProfessorKrajewskisurprised?A.DinDin’slovetowardJoao. B.JoaokeepsstayingwithDinDin.C.DinDin’sswimmingperformance. D.JoaoconsidersDinDinhisownchild.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutJoaofromthepassage?A.Heisnotallowedtokeepthepenguinasapetbytheauthorities.B.Heoverprotectsthepenguinbykeepinghimawayfromothers.C.Hiscontactwiththepenguinisencouragedbyprofessionals.D.Hiskindnesswinsthepenguin'strust.【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了南美洲企鹅DinDin每年都要游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩和它的救命恩人团聚的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThislittleSouthAmericanpenguinswims5,000milestoabeachinBrazileveryyearinordertobereunited(团聚)withthemanwhosaveditslife.”可知，这只南美小企鹅每年游5000英里到巴西的一个海滩，就是为了和救过它命的人重聚。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“foundthesmallpenguinlyingonrocksathislocalbeachin2011.Thepenguinwascoveredinoilandrunningoutoftimefast.（2011年，在当地海滩发现这只小企鹅躺在岩石上。企鹅身上沾满了石油，快要死去了。）”可知，DinDin在2011年被发现时，已经奄奄一息了。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefisherman,toldTheIndependent,"Ihaveneverseenanythinglikethisbefore.IthinkthepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhisfamilyandprobablyapenguinaswell.（Krajewski教授是一位采访过这名渔民的生物学家，他告诉《独立报》说:“我以前从未见过这样的事情。我想这只企鹅认为若昂是它的家人，可能也是一只企鹅。）”可知，Krajewski对DinDin对Joao的爱感到吃惊。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ilovethepenguinlikeit'smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,"JoaotoldGlobo."Nooneelseisallowedtotouchhim.Hepecks(啄)themiftheydo.Heliesonmylap,letsmegivehimshowers,andallowsmetofeedhim.（我爱这只企鹅就像爱自己的孩子一样，我相信这只企鹅也爱我，"Joao告诉Globo"他不许别人碰他。如果他们这样做了，他就会啄他们。他躺在我的腿上，让我给他洗澡，让我喂他。）可知，Joao的善良赢得了这只企鹅的信任。故选D。CChinahasrecentlypublisheditsfirstartificialintelligence(AI)textbookforhighschoolstudents,followingaplanbythecentralgovernmenttoincludeAIcoursesinprimaryandsecondaryschool.UnderthemoneffortsbytheresearchcenterforMOOCatEastItincludesthehistoryofAIandhowthetechnologycanbeusedinareassuchasfacialrecognition,selfdrivingandpublicsafety.ThetextbooknotonlypaysattentiontothebasicsofAI,butalsotothepracticaluseofAIindailylife,saidChenYukun,aprofessoratEastAtpresent,about40highschoolsacrossthecountryhavejoinedthefirstgroupofAIhigheducationpilot(试验性)program,byintroducingthetextbookinschoolcourses.ThepublicationofthebookisgreatprogressasittakesAItechnologyoutofthe"ivorytower(象牙塔)"andmakesitpartofhighschoollearning,saidLinDahua,aprofessoratTheChineseUniversityofHongKong.Asearlyas2016,thegovernmentssaidthattheneedforAIexpertsmayincreaseto5millionintheingyears.ManyindustriesinthefuturewillbenefitfromAItechnology,sothepurposeofthecourseshouldbetoletstudentslearnthebasicideaandmethodsofAI,Linsaid.Chinahasmadegreatprogressintechnologicalresearchanddevelopmentinrecentyears.8.Whoisthenewtextbookdesignedfor?A.Studentsinuniversities. B.Studentsinprimaryschool.C.Studentsinseniormiddleschool. D.Studentsinjuniormiddleschool.9.Whichisthekeypointthenewtextbooktalksabout?A.TheopinionsonAIfromexperts. B.ThepublicsafetybroughtbyAI.C.TheproblemscausedbyAI. D.TheuseofAIinreallife.10.WhatisthepurposeoftheAIcourseaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.TomakestudentslearnaboutAI. B.Tomeetneedsofmanyindustries.C.TohelpChinamakeprogressinAl. D.TotrainmoreexpertsinAIfield.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ThepublicationoftheAItextbook. B.TheingoftheAIageinChina.C.ThedevelopmentofAItechnology. D.TheintroductionoftheAIcourse.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Chinahasrecentlypublisheditsfirstartificialintelligence(AI)textbookforhighschoolstudents,followingaplanbythecentralgovernmenttoincludeAIcoursesinprimaryandsecondaryschool.”（随着去年中央政府发布了中小学应涵盖人工智能学科计划后，近期，国内发行了适用于高中生的首版人工智能教科书。）可知，第一本人工智能教科书是针对高中学生的。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三段“ThetextbooknotonlypaysattentiontothebasicsofAI,butalsotothepracticaluseofAIindailylife,saidChenYukun,aprofessoratEastChinaNormalUniversity,whoisalsoawriterofthebook.”（这本教科书不仅关注于人工智能的基础知识，还聚焦了人工智能在日常生活中的实际应用，本书作者之一华东师范大学教授陈玉坤说。）可知，这本新教科书谈论的关键是人工智能在现实生活中的运用。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ManyindustriesinthefuturewillbenefitfromAItechnology,sothepurposeofthecourseshouldbetoletstudentslearnthebasicideaandmethodsofAI,Linsaid.”（林教授表示，未来许多行业都将受益于人工智能技术，所以课程的目的应该是让学生学习人工智能的基本思想和方法。）可知，人工智能课程的目标应该是让学生学习人工智能基本的思想和方法。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文中第一段“Chinahasrecentlypublisheditsfirstartificialintelligence(AI)textbookforhighschoolstudents,followingaplanbythecentralgovernmenttoincludeAIcoursesinprimaryandsecondaryschool.”（随着去年中央政府发布了中小学应涵盖人工智能学科计划后，近期，国内发行了适用于高中生的首版人工智能教科书。）可知，文章首段点明主题，主要讲述人工智能课本的出版。故选A。【点睛】DDoestheamountofcashinalostwalletinfluencehowlikelyapersonistoreturnit?Traditionaleconomictheoriessuggestthatthegreatertheattraction,thelesslikelywearetobehonest—butanewstudyfindsaltruism(利他主义),andapowerfulhateforviewingoneselfasa“thief”aremoreimportantthanthefinancialattraction.Ateamofresearcherscarriedoutahugeexperimentconcerning355citiesin40countries.Morethan17,000similarwalletsweredroppedoffatpublicplaces,eachcontainingagrocerylist,akey,andthreebusinesscardsinthelocallanguageusingmadeupnamesandanemailaddress.Somehadnomoneywhileotherscontainedtheequalamountof$13.45.Accordingtotheresearch,peopleonaveragereturned40%ofwalletswithnomoneyinthembut51%withmoney.Italsoshowsextremedifferencesbetweencountries.Butalthoughratesofpeople’shonestyvaried(变化)greatlyfromcountrytocountry,onethingremainedgreatlysimilar:walletswithmoney,paredtonomoney,raisedreportingrates.IntheUS,theUKandPoland,theyrepeatedtheexperimentwithevenmoremoney:$94.15,whichincreasedreportingratesbyanaverageof11%paredtothesmalleramount.Theyalsofoundthathavingakeyincreasedreportingratesby9.2%.Thefindings,whichruncountertoabasicprincipleofclassicaleconomics,suggesthonesty,altruismandselfimagecansometimesbemoreinfluentialthaneconomicselfinterest.Apurelyeconomicapproachtobehaviorsuggestspeoplewouldkeepthewalletswiththelargeramountsofmoneyduetotheincreasedfinancialreward,buteconomicsoftendoesn’texplainaperson’ssenseofhonestyorselfimage,accordingtobehavioralscientists.Altruismalsoinfluencedthefindings,theresearcherssay.Sincethekeyisvaluabletotheownerbutnotthefinder,thispointedtowardanaltruismconcerninadditiontothecostofnegativelyupdatingone’sselfimage.12.TheauthormentionstraditionaleconomictheoriesinParagraph1inorderto.A.introduceatopic B.attractreaders’interestC.addsomebackgroundinformation D.describesometraditionaltheories13.What’stheaveragereportingrateofawalletwith$94.15inside?A.11%. B.20.2%. C.51%. D.62%.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“runcounterto”inParagraph5mean?A.goagainst. B.makeadifference. C.agreewith. D.focuson.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Traditionaleconomictheorieshavealreadybeenoldfashioned.B.Peoplearemorelikelytoreturnalostwalletwithmorecash.C.Anexperimentdoneworldwideprovespeople’saltruism.D.Differentcountrieshavedifferentratesofpeople’shonesty.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项新研究发现人们发现钱包的钱越多，人们越有可能归还钱包。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Doestheamountofcashinalostwalletinfluencehowlikelyapersonistoreturnit?（丢失钱包里的现金数量会影响人们归还钱包的可能性吗?）”和“Traditionaleconomictheoriessuggestthatthegreatertheattraction,thelesslikelywearetobehonest—butanewstudyfindsaltruism…(传统经济学理论认为，吸引力越大，我们越不可能诚实——但一项新的研究发现了利他主义……)可知，此处作者提出“传统经济理论”是为了回答前一句问题，也是为了引出本文讨论的话题。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Accordingtotheresearch,peopleonaveragereturned40%ofwalletswithnomoneyinthembut51%withmoney.”（根据这项研究，人们会还没带钱钱包的平均概率是40%，而归还带钱的钱包的概率是51%。）根据第四段“IntheUS,theUKandPoland,theyrepeatedtheexperimentwithevenmoremoney:$94.15,whichincreasedreportingratesbyanaverageof11%paredtothesmalleramount.”（研究人员在美国、英国和波兰用更多的钱重复了这个实验，也就是他们在钱包里放了94.15美元，与较少的钱相比，钱包被归还的概率平均提高了11%。）所以在钱包里放94.15美元的这个实验中，钱包被归还的概率应该是51%加上11%得到62%。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Thefindings,whichruncountertoafundamentalprincipleofclassicaleconomics,suggesthonesty,altruismandselfimagecansometimesbemoreinfluentialthaneconomicselfinterest.”可知研究发现表明诚实、利他主义和自我形象有时可能比经济利己主义更具影响力，研究发现runcounterto古典经济学的基本原则。根据第一段的“Traditionaleconomictheoriessuggestthatthegreatertheappeal,thelesslikelywearetobehonest”（传统经济理论表明钱包的吸引力越大,我们就越不太可能归还钱包。）对比可知这项研究的发现与古典经济理论是相反的，由此猜测runcounterto的意思是“与……相反”，故选A。15题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据最后一段“Apurelyeconomicapproachtobehaviorsuggestspeoplewouldkeepthewalletswiththelargeramountsofmoneyduetotheincreasedfinancialreward,buteconomicsoftendoesn’texplainaperson’ssenseofhonestyorselfimage,accordingtobehavioralscientists.（纯经济学的行为研究方法表明，由于金钱奖励的增加，人们会把装有更多钱的钱包留在钱包里，但根据行为科学家的研究，经济学通常不能解释一个人的诚实感或自我形象。）”可知，文章主要讲了一项新研究，研究结果表明发现钱包的钱越多，人们越有可能归还钱包。所以B项（人们更有可能归还一个装有更多现金的丢失的钱包）能够概括本文的主要内容，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendsshouldalwaysbehonestwithyou,right?Sowhentheylie,itcanbereallyhardtotake.Youwanttotrustyourfriendsandthatmeansknowingthatthey’lltellittoyoustraightnomatterwhatitis.___16___Whydoesthishappen?___17___Oneofthebiggestreasonsfriendslieissimplytoavoidhurtingyourfeelings.Somepeopledon’tunderstandthedifferencebetweenbeinggentlyhonestwithafriendandbeingsostraightforwardthattheyleaveaverbalwound.Theychoosetoavoidthesetwoextremesintheformofalie.Theyfeelembarrassed.Sometimesfriendswilllieaboutthingsintheirlifebecausetheyaretooembarrassedtoadmitthetruth.Maybetheyaregoingthrougharoughtimeandtheyjustdon’twantyoutoknowaboutit.Avoidtryingtobadger(纠缠)yourfriendsintotellingyouwhat’swrong.___18___Avoidanargumentwithyou.Perhapsyourfriendsknowthatiftheytellyouthetruth,you’llgetangrywiththem.Makesurethatifafriendtellsyousomethingunpleasant,youdon’toveract._____19_____Ifyoudoenduparguing,doitinarespectableway.Excludeyou.Lyingisn’talwaysasignthatfriendsaretryingtoprotectyou,however.___20___Whenyoufindoutwithcertaintythatyourfriendislyingtoyou,tryandfaceit.Ifyoufeelyourfriendislyingbecauseheorshedoesn’twanttobearoundyou,that’syourwakeuptomoveon.A.Protectyourfeelings.B.Theywanttobeyourcloserfriends.C.Butafriendwholiesisn’talwaystryingtohurtyou.D.Considerwhat’sbeingsaidandwhyyourfriendistellingyouthis.E.Beinghonestandmakingasincereeffortcankeepthefriendshipstrong.F.Sometimestheyliebecausetheydon’twantyoutobeincludedintheirplans.G.Instead,makeitclearthatyouarethereforthemwhenandiftheyarereadytotalk.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了朋友对你说谎的四种原因并给出了对应的处理办法。【16题详解】根据后文Whydoesthishappen?可知为什么会这样？结合后文分析了朋友对你撒谎的原因是为了避免伤害你的感情，可知说谎的朋友并不总是试图伤害你。故C选项“但是一个说谎的朋友并不总是试图伤害你”符合上下文语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据本段第一句Oneofthebiggestreasonsfriendslieissimplytoavoidhurtingyourfeelings.可知朋友说谎的最大原因之一就是为了避免伤害你的感情。由此可知，本段说明了朋友撒谎是为了保护你的感受。故A选项“保护你的感受”符合上下文语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文Avoidtryingtobadgeryourfriendsintotellingyouwhat’swrong.可知不要纠缠你的朋友，让他们告诉你出了什么事。由此可知，朋友对你撒谎是因为自己正在经历艰难的时期，因此最好的做法是不要纠缠你的朋友，而是在他们准备好跟你谈心的时候，清楚地告诉他们你在他们身边陪伴他们。故G选项“相反，当他们准备好谈话时，你要清楚地表明你在他们身边”符合上下文语境，故选G。【19题详解】结合上文Perhapsyourfriendsknowthatiftheytellyouthetruth,you’llgetangrywiththem.Makesurethatifafriendtellsyousomethingunpleasant,youdon’toveract.可知也许你的朋友知道如果他们告诉你真相，你会生他们的气。确保如果朋友告诉你一些不愉快的事情，你不要反应过度。由此可知，当朋友对你撒谎可能是为了避免和你发生争执，你会生气，所以在朋友告诉你真相的时候，你应该冷静想想他们说了什么，以及为什么要跟你说这些。故D选项“想想他们说了什么，为什么你的朋友要告诉你这些”符合上下文语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文Lyingisn’talwaysasignthatfriendsaretryingtoprotectyou,however.(然而，撒谎并不总是朋友试图保护你的信号)以及最后一句Ifyoufeelyourfriendislyingbecauseheorshedoesn’twanttobearoundyou,that’syourwakeuptomoveon.(如果你觉得你的朋友在说谎，因为他或她不想和你在一起，那是你继续前进的警钟)可知，有时候朋友们对你撒谎仅仅是因为他们不想跟你在一起，不想让你加入他们的计划。故F选项“有时候他们撒谎是因为他们不想让你加入他们的计划”符合上下文语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。"Yournewbornwasn’tgoingtomakeit."OnMarch25,2010,KateandDavidOggsheardthewordseveryparent___21___:Theirtwins—agirlandaboy—wereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature(早产的).Theboy,Jamie,wasmuchweaker.Hisheartbeatwas___22___gone.Doctorshadtriedtosavethebabybutsawno___23___.Hehadjustmomentstolive."Isawhimgasp（喘息）,butthedoctorsaiditwasno___24___,"Katetoldthereporter."Iknowitsounds___25___,butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasasignoflife.Iwasn’tgoingto____26____easily."Still,the___27___knewthiswasprobablyagoodbye."We’dgivenintothefactthatweweregoingto___28___him,andwewerejusttryingtomakethemostofthoselast,___29___moments."SheheldtheboyonherchestandDavidhuggedthem.Theyhopedtheclose___30___wouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalsotalkedtohim."Wehavegivenyouanameandyouhaveatwin...""Thensomething___31___happened.Jamiegaspedagain—andthenhestarted___32___.Finally,hereachedforhisfather’sfinger.Theirboyhad___33___it.Eightyearslater,Jamieandhissister,Emily,arehappyandhealthy.TheOggsonlyrecentlytoldthekidsthestoryoftheir___34___."Emilyburstintotears,"Katesaid."ShekepthuggingJamie.Thiswholeexperiencemakesme___35___themmore."21.A.expects B.realizes C.regrets D.fears22.A.totally B.nearly C.hardly D.formally23.A.improvement B.record C.change D.secret24.A.harm B.wonder C.doubt D.use25.A.curious B.funny C.shocking D.stupid26.A.giveoff B.giveout C.giveup D.giveaway27.A.couple B.doctor C.twin D.reporter28.A.catch B.lose C.forget D.save29.A.valuable B.hopeful C.strange D.glorious30.A.munication B.contact C.relationship D.approach31.A.unbelievable B.unknown C.frightening D.obvious32.A.crying B.touching C.breathing D.hugging33.A.taken B.gotten C.made D.found34.A.growth B.family C.birth D.survival35.A.respect B.treasure C.recognize D.understand【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.C34.C35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一对双胞胎出生时，医生告诉他们的父母男孩难以存活，只有几分钟的时间了。而男孩的父母并没有放弃，并在最后抱了他，结果男孩奇迹般地重新开始呼吸，并幸存了下来的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2010年3月25日，Kate和DavidOggs听到了每个家长都害怕的话。A.expects期待；B.realizes意识到；C.regrets后悔；D.fears害怕。根据空前“"Yournewbornwasn’tgoingtomakeit.”可知，这对双胞胎早产了，将活不下去了。这是每个父母都害怕听到的话。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的心跳几乎停止了。A.totally完全地；B.nearly几乎，差不多；C.hardly几乎不；D.formally正式地。根据后文“Doctorshadtriedtosavethebaby”可知，医生在抢救这个婴儿。由此可知，婴儿的心跳几乎停止了。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医生们曾试图挽救婴儿，但没有看到好转。A.improvement好转，改善，提高；B.record记录；C.change改变；D.secret秘诀。根据后文“Hehadjustmomentstolive.”可知，因为婴儿活不了多久了，所以此处表示没有看到好转。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看见他喘气，但医生说没用。A.harm伤害；B.wonder奇迹；C.doubt怀疑；D.use用途。根据转折连词but和前后语境可知，此处指医生说孩子不行了，虽然在喘气，也没有用了。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很愚蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A.curious好奇的；B.funny搞笑的；C.shocking吃惊的；D.stupid愚蠢的。因为前文医生说孩子没救了，所以Kate自己觉得还有希望会显得很愚蠢。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不会轻易放弃的。A.giveoff发出（气体、热量、气味等）；B.giveout分发；C.giveup放弃；D.giveaway泄露。根据前文“butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasasignoflife.”可知，因为孩子还有气息，所以Kate不会放弃。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，这对夫妇知道这可能是一次告别。A.couple夫妻；B.doctor医生；C.twin双胞胎；D.reporter记者。根据后文“We’dgivenintothefactthat…”可知，此处说的是这对夫妻。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经接受了我们即将失去他的事实，我们只是试图充分利用这最后的、有价值的时刻。A.catch抓住；B.lose失去；C.forget忘记；D.save拯救。根据前文“Hehadjustmomentstolive”可知，那个男婴要去世了，所以此处表示接受失去他的事实。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们已经接受了我们即将失去他的事实，我们只是试图充分利用这最后的、有价值的时刻。A.valuable珍贵的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.strange奇怪的；D.glorious光荣的，辉煌的。根据常识可知，因为孩子要去世了，所以此处指他还活着的珍贵时刻。故选A。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们希望这次密切接触能改善他的状况。A.munication交流；B.contact接触；C.relationship关系；D.approach方法。根据前文“SheheldtheboyonherchestandDavidhuggedthem.”可知，这是和孩子的最后的亲密接触。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后不可思议的事情发生了。A.unbelievable不可思议的；B.unknown未知的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.obvious明显的。根据后文“Jamiegaspedagain”可知，Jamie喘了口气，所以这让人感到不可思议。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jamie又喘了口气，然后他开始呼吸。A.crying哭泣；B.touching触摸；C.breathing呼吸；D.hugging拥抱。根据前文描述可知，因为Jamie喘了口气，所以此处表示他开始呼吸了。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的孩子成功地活了下来。A.taken带走；B.gotten得到；C.made做到；D.found发现。makeit成功，固定短语，符合语境。此处表示孩子成功地活了下来，且上文的“"Yournewbornwasn’tgoingtomakeit."”也有提示。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Oggs夫妇最近才告诉孩子们他们出生的故事。A.growth生长；B.family家庭；C.birth出生；D.survival存活。根据前文故事描述可知，事情发生在孩子们刚出生的时候，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：这整个经历让我更加珍惜他们。A.respect尊重；B.treasure珍惜；C.recognize辨认；D.understand明白。根据前文描述可知，医生诊断说Jamie会死去，当Jamie却活了下来，这让Kate更加珍惜这两个孩子。故选B。第II卷（非选择题，共55分）第二节单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词或单词的恰当形式。请在答题卡上写出完整的单词。36.ThenewsthatKobeBryantdiedinaplanecrashisreallyas_____tothebasketballfansbothathomeandabroad.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】shock【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：科比·布莱恩特死于飞机失事的消息对国内外的篮球迷来说都是一个冲击。根据句意以及首字母可知，该空应用shock，前文有单数冠词a，shock用单数。故填shock。37.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimber_____(营救).(根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】wasrescued【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：正是在当地向导的帮助下，那名登山者获救了。根据汉语提示以及分析句子可知，表达“营救”为rescue，在从句中作谓语；根据前文主句的谓语was为一般过去时，从句主语themountainclimber为单数，与该空为被动关系可知，该空应用单数的一般过去时的被动态wasrescued。故填wasrescued。38.Theadventurermanagedtosavetwotouristswho_____(被困在)inthemountainsfortwodays.(根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】hadbeentrapped【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这位冒险家设法救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。根据汉语提示“被困在”以及managed可知，“被困在”这个动作发生在managed之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadbeentrapped。39.InarecenttornadointheUnitedStates,manyhouseslayinr_____insecondsoftime.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】ruins【解析】【详解】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：在美国最近的一次龙卷风中，许多房屋在几秒钟内就成了废墟。根据“Inarecentto