南京市鼓楼区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

2023-2024学年鼓楼区八年级（上）英语期末试卷考试时间：100分钟满分：100分选择题（共50分）一、听力（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（略）二、单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．—John,youaretenminuteslate．—Sorry!Iwasleaving________myphonerang．Anditwasfrommysister.A．when B．while C．after D．before2．—Therewillbeatalkonnaturaldisasterstomorrowafternoon．—Wonderful．Butittakestwohours．I’mafraidIcan’tsit________thewholetalk.A．from B．across C．over D．through3．—Whatdoesitmeanwhenpeoplesay“Don’tliveinfear,justlive”?—Nevercaretoomuchaboutthefear．Trytolivelifetothefullest________.A．either B．already C．instead D．too4．Readingisimportanttousbecauseitcanmakeourminds________apoolofwater.A．ascoolas B．asclearas C．asdeepas D．aswideas5．Theoldartist’sworksalways________people’sdailylifeinthecountryside.A．follow B．write C．discuss D．describe6．Weformanewword“________”inadifferentwayfromtheotherthree.A．firefighter B．noticeboard C．impatient D．greenhouse7．—Icalledyouyesterdayafternoonbutyoudidn’tanswer．—Sorry．I________areportaboutanimalprotection.A．workon B．workedon C．amworkingon D．wasworkingon8．Whichofthefollowinghasthesamesentencestructureas“MissLiteachesusEnglish.”?A．MissLiworkshardallthetime.B．MissLitellsusstoriesinclass.C．MissLiasksustoworkforourdreams.D．MissLiisthebestteacherinmyheart.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthenote?HiSam,Thanksfortakingmetothecinemalastnight．Ididn’tsayatthetimebutIwasabitafraid!IthinkIneedtowatchafunnyonenexttime!MayA．Maywasinfearduringthefilm.B．Mayenjoyedthefilmverymuch.C．Maydoesn’tlikewatchingfunnyfilms.D．Maydoesn’twanttoseeafilmwithSam.10．—TherearenoticketsleftforTheadventureofShukeandBeita．—________．Ireallywanttowatchit.A．Noproblem B．Itdoesn’tmatter C．That’sapity D．That’samazing三、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。EveryyearinAustralia,thelong-distance(长距离)runnersrunmorethan500milesfromSydneytoMelbourne．Thecompetition11____morethanfivedaystofinish．Manyworld-famousrunners12____therace(比赛)．Theybecomespokespeopleforsportsgoods．In1983,13____,astherunnerswaitedinalinetostarttherace,a61-year-oldfarmerjoinedthem,wearingsportsclothesandrubberboots．HisnamewasCliffYoung．Theotherrunnersthoughthewasjustawatcher．ButClifftoldthem14____thathewastheretojointherace．Hetoldthemthatonhisfamily’ssheepfarm,heoftenhadtobringabout2,000animalstogetherbyhimself．“SometimesIhadto15____thosesheepfortwoorthreedays,”hesaid．Whentheracebegan,theyoungerrunnersflew16____Cliff．Insteadofcatchingupwiththem,Cliffranslowlyalonginanunusualway．Theotherrunnersandthewatchersthoughthewouldneverfinishtherace．But17____happened．Whenalltheotherrunnerstookabreaktosleep,Cliffkeptrunning．Theotherrunnerscaughtuptohimeachmorning,butfinallyCliffwastoo18____infrontofthem．Onthefifthday,thesheepfarmerranintofirstplace．Cliffgot$10,000forwinningtherace．Hedidn’tknowtherewouldbeprizemoney(奖金),andhegavethemoneytorunnerslikehim．Doingthis19____himaheroinAustralia．Sincethen,manyrunnershavestartedtousehis20____wayofrunning．Noonesleepsduringtheraceanymore．Thefarmerchangedlong-distanceracingandshowedthatageandstylearen’teverything.11．A．spends B．takes C．costs D．pays12．A．gofor B．gothrough C．lookfor D．lookthrough13．A．moreover B．however C．instead D．otherwise14．A．carefully B．suddenly C．clearly D．slowly15．A．lookafter B．pickup C．waitfor D．runafter16．A．past B．over C．by D．upon17．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything18．A．early B．late C．near D．far19．A．made B．led C．helped D．let20．A．awful B．free C．usual D．special四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMoonlightshinesintheclearbluesky,Reflectingthetwinklingstarsinmyeyes．Gentlebreezefloatsthroughthe________,Sweepingthroughmycurlyhair．Sweetmusiclapsgentlytomyears,Asmyeyesglitterwithmytears．Aye,whatabeautifulsightthatis,Withmythoughtssolostinthemist．Isitalonebythesea,Enjoyingthesilencesurroundingme．SoonafterIleavetheplace,Asthedarkcloudsfillupthespace．Thencomesthepouringrain,Reachingfortheshelterismyaim．Goodbyesilence,goodbyefear,TohomeIreturnthatissonear．Mini-dictionary;1．reflect/riˈflekt/

v．反射

2．twinkle/ˈtwinkl/v．闪烁

3．breeze/bri:z/n．微风4．lap/læp/v．拍打

5．glitter/ˈglitə/v．闪烁

6．mist/mist/n．薄雾7．surround/səˈraʊnd/v．围绕

8．shelter/ʃeltə/n．庇护(处)

21．Howdidthewriterfeelinthepoem?A．Veryhappy. B．Veryexcited. C．Abitsad. D．Abitangry.22．WhichofthefollowingwordscanweputintheblankinLine3?A．air B．pair C．care D．wear23．Thewriterlefttheplaceintheendbecause________.A．hewastired B．hefeltcold C．itgotdark D．itstartedtorainBWendyMurphywaswatchingthenews．Theyearwas1985,andaterribleearthquakehitMexicoCity．Ahospitalfelldown．Wendywatchedasrescueworkerstriedtocarrybabiesoutofpiecesofbricksandstones．Thelittlebabiesweresleepinginthehospital’sincubators,aplacetokeepthemwarmandalive．Wendysawthebabiesbeingcarriedonstretchers．Thestretchersweretoobigandnotsuitableforthelittlebabies．Workershadtoholdthebabiesdownontothestretcherstokeepthemfromfallingoff．Thismadeithardertomoveandmoredifficulttogofast．Watchingthis,Wendythought,“Therehastobeabetterway．“Wendyworkedatahospitalforsickchildren．Watchingthenews,shestartedthinkingaboutastretcherthatwouldbejustforbabies．Shedesignedastretcherwiththreepockets．Eachpocketcouldholdtwobabies．Thebabiescouldnotfalloutofthepockets．WhenWendydesignedherstretcher,shelookedatalltypesofmaterials．Shefinallychoseaheavymaterial．Peopleusedsuchmaterialstomakespecialbagstodeliverpizzas．Theycouldhelpkeeppizzaswarm!Today,Wendy’sstretchersareusedallaroundtheworld．ThankstoWendy’sdesign,wecanrescuebabies,andwecanmovebabiessafelyandkeepthemwarm,too．Mini-dictionary:1．rescue/’reskju:/n．&v．营救

2．stretcher/’stretʃə(r)/n．担架24．WhatwasWendydoingwhentheearthquakehappened?A．Shewashelpingthebabiesout. B．Shewaswatchingthenews.C．Shewasdesigninganewstretcher. D．Shewasworkinginthehospital.25．Theword“deliver”inPara．4means“________”.A．send B．buy C．offer D．sell26．Thewriterwritesthearticleto________.A．askpeopletodesigntheirownstretchersB．introduceWendy’sstretcherstothepublicC．describetheheavyearthquakeinMexicocityD．tellthepublictoprotectbabiesinearthquakesCInDecember2006,apolarbear,Knut,wasbornattheBerlinZooinGermany．Thezookeepersdidn’tknowthatthiscutebabybearwouldcausesuchbigchangesforthezoo．Knutwasdifferentfromotherpolarbearsintwoways．First,hismotherwouldnotcareforhimorfeedhim．SoKnutwasraisedbyhumans．Second,hewasquiteplayfulwithpeopleandveryeasytotakephotoswith．Knutbecamethestarofthezoo．BecauseofKnut,thezoomademoremoneyin2007thaninanyotheryear．ManyvisitorscametoseeKnutandboughttoys,DVDs,andbooksabouthim．Newspaperscalledhim“CuteKnut”,andtherewerephotosofhimonmagazinecoversworldwide．Astimepassed,Knutgrewbigger．Hewasn’tascuteasbefore．Theonce-cutebabybearbecameafull-sizebear,weighingmorethan300pounds!AndasKnutgrew,hisproblemscametoo．Hebegantocryifnobodystoodnearhispen．Thiswasasignthathebecametooaccustomedtohavingagroupofpeoplearoundhim．Also,zookeeperscouldnotgetclosetoKnutanymore．Theywereworriedthathewouldhurtthembyaccident．Knutwentontoliveatthezoo,buthewasnomoreastar．NobodyknowswhatthefutureholdsforKnut．Somepeoplethinkheshouldhaveapolarbeartolivewith．Somepeopleworrythathisunusualwayofgrowingupwillkeephimfromlivinganormallife．Atthesametime,zookeepersgoontolookforwaystokeepKnutsafeandhappy．Mini-dictionary:1．penn．围栏

2．accustomedto习惯于

3．normal/’nɔ:məl/adj．正常的27．HowwastheearlyyearsofKnut?A．Hewasborninthewild. B．Hismothercaredforhimalot.C．Hehelpedthezoomakemuchmoney. D．Hewasafraidofgettingclosetovisitors.28．HowwasKnutwhenhegrewup?A．Hewasascuteasbefore. B．Hewasnotpopularanymore.C．Hewasaccustomedtobeingalone. D．Heweighedlessthan300pounds.29．WhatmayhappentoKnutinthefuture?A．Nopolarbearwilllivewithhim. B．Hewon’tbehappyandcryoften.C．Nooneissureabouthisfuturelife. D．Hewon’tbeabletohaveanormallife.30．Whichofthefollowingwouldthewriteragreewith?A．ThezooshouldsendKnutintothewild.B．ZookeeperswillnottakegoodcareofKnut.C．ThezooshouldnotletvisitorstakephotoswithKnut.D．ZookeeperswilltrytomakeKnutlivesafelyandhappily.DIn1849,whenJohnMuirwas11yearsold,heandhisfamilymovedfromScotlandtotheUnitedStates．TheylivedinWisconsin,andrightawayJohnfellinlovewiththeprairies,wetlands,oakforests,andlakes．Hecalleditthe“beautifulWisconsinwilderness”．1_______Thehardworklikeplowingfieldsanddiggingawellmadehimstronginbothmindandbody．Inhisfreetime,Johncaughtturtlesandfrogsintheriversandlakes．2_______Heenjoyedthelovelywildflowersthatgrewontheprairies．Helovedlearning,too,andatnighthestudiedandreadaboutmanysubjects．3_______

Asayoungman,Johntrieddifferentkindsofwork．Hebuiltclocksanddesignedmachinesthatmadefarmingeasier．

4_______

HetookclassesattheUniversityofWisconsin．HetravelledthroughCanadaandthenFlorida,studyingnature．Butatage29,hehadaseriouseyeproblem．Healmostlosthisvision．Hewasafraidthathewouldneverseeagain．Sowhenhisvisionreturned,Johnknewheneededtofollowhisdreamofstudyingnature.Ayearlater,whenJohnsawtheSierraNevadamountainsinCaliforniaforthefirsttime,hebegantounderstandthathefoundhiscallinginlife．“Icametolifeinthecoolwindsandtheclearwatersofthemountains,”hewrote．Johnspenttherestofhislifeprotectingthewildplaceshelovedsomuch．Hewasagiftedwriterandwroteaboutthebeautyoftheland．In1892,JohnMuirstartedtheSierraClub．Thisoldorganizationstillworkstoprotecttheenvironment．Mini-dictionary:1．prairies/’preəriz/n．草原

2．wilderness/’wildənəs/n．荒野

3．plow/plaʊ/v．耕(地)4．dig/dig/v．挖

5．vision/’viʒən/n．视力；远见

6．gifted/’giftid/adj．有天赋的31．Wecanputthesentence“Johnworkedhardonhisfather’sfarm.”inBlank________.A．1 B．2 C．3 D．432．Whatistherightorderofwhathappenedinthepassage?a．JohnmovedtoWisconsinwithhisparentsat11．b．Johntrieddifferentworkandstudiedmanysubjects．c．Johnsetupanorganizationinordertoprotectnature．d．Johnhadaseriouseyeproblemandalmostlosthisvision．e．JohntravelledtotheSierraNevadamountainsinCalifornia.A．a-b-c-d-e B．b-a-e-d-c C．a-b-d-e-c D．b-e-a-d-c33．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutJohn?A．Hewasagiftedwriterwithwideinterests.B．Heboughtmachinestohelpwiththefarmwork.C．Hewrotetocallpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.D．Hedecidedtostudynaturewhenhegothisvisionback.34．Which“calling”hasthesamemeaningasthe“calling”inPara．4?A．Iheardsomeonecallingmyname. B．Ienjoythesweetcallingofbirds.C．He’scallingtoaskaboutthemeeting. D．Hiscallingistohelpotherpeople.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．BeautyofNature B．HumansandNatureC．JohnMuir,aGiftedWriter D．JohnMuir,aNature-lover非选择题(共50分)五、语言基础知识(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应横线上。36．Thedishesintherestaurantareveryspecial．I______(建议)youtohaveatry.37．Theycan’twaittoknowthe______(结果)ofthebasketballgame.38．Withthehelpofonlineinformation,Ican______(容易地)finishtheproject.39．Ifyouhaveahighfeverand______(咳嗽)alot,gotohospitalatonce.40．Itwasherfirsttimetospeakinfrontoftheclass,butshedidn’tfeel______(紧张的).B）请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—60的相应横线上。41．Johndidn’tsleepwelllastnightbecauseofhis______(noise)neighbours.42．Nancyfeltso______(happy)aboutwhatTonysaid．Shejustsatdownandcried.43．Maxisacleverboyandhasmanyideas．Butheseldomputshisideasinto______(act).44．Moreandmorepeoplebegintounderstandthe______(important)ofenvironment.45．Theclimbersfailed______(reach)thetopofthemountainbecauseoftheweather.请根据短文内容，从下面方框中所给的六个选项里选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并将句子序号填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。InthesmallvillagesofKenya,Africa,mostkidswanttoreadbooks．Butnoroadsleadtotheirhomes,onlymilesandmilesofsand．46______Solibrarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels．Camelscanhandle(处理)thesandandthebooks．Ateachvillage,thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowsthebooksinside．47______SomepeopleinnorthernThailandliveonmountainsandinforests．Their“libraries”arecarriedonthebacksofelephants．48______Becauseoftheirsize,theycancarryheavybooksinmetal(金属)boxestoprotectthebooksfromtheheavyrain．Indonesiahasitsownchallenges(挑战)．49______Somostpeopletravelbyboat,andsodotheirlibrarybooks．Alibraryboatholdsabout500booksinboxes．Whenvillagersfinishreadingthebooks,newbookswillarriveafewweekslater．Manypeopleliveinafarawayareaandcan’tgettoalibrary．50______Theybringawholeworldofinformation.A．Carsandtrucksareuseless.B．Thiscountryincludesover17,000islands.C．Bigelephantscanhandlethedifficultjourney.D．It’shardforpeopletogettomountainsandforests.E．Twoweekslater,thecamelsreturnwithnewbooks.F．Thesespeciallibrariescomeandbringmorethanbooks.七、阅读短文(共15小题；第66—70小题每小题2分；第71—80小题每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，根据短文内容用英语回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义切题，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应横线上。注意：答案不超过6个单词。ThereweremanygreatmomentsintheHangzhouAsianGames．LiQian’sdance,PaintingofPoetry,isamongthem．Herdancewasabigsuccessattheopeningceremony(开幕式)．Inalonggreendress,shedancedbeautifullyontwofamous“paintings”fromtheSongDynasty．Thedresswasmorethanfivemetreslongandweighedover50kilos．Amonthbeforetheceremony,LiQiancouldn’tevendanceinit．Itsheavyweightmadeithardtodance．Herteammadesomechangestohelpher,butitwasstilldifficult．Duringonerehearsal(彩排),Licouldn’tkeepherbalance(平衡)andfelltotheground．Butshekeptworkinghardandfinallybecamethewinner．LiQianwasalreadyfamousbeforetheAsianGames．ShehasdancedatCCTV’sSpringFestivalGalasometimes．Inthe2023gala,sheshowedthebeautyofsilkinherdance．LiQianisalsofamousforherrole(角色)inthesuccessfuldancedramaDreamoftheRedChamber．SheplayedtheimportantroleofWangXifeng．Itwasnoteasyforheratall．“Wangwantsotherpeopletolistentoher,butIamabitquietinmylife．“SowhatmadeLiaccepttherole?Shehopedtoseedifferentsidestoherselfbytryingdifferentroles．It’shardtobelievethatthisexcellentdanceroncestoppeddancing．Shestayedathomeforafewyears．Luckily,shecamebackintheend．Shesaiddancehelpedherfindherselfagain．Forherfans,herreturnwasgreatnews．Whodoesn’twanttofindbeautyinherdances?51．HowwasLiQian’sdanceattheopeningceremony?_________________________________________________________________________________52．What’stheweightofthegreendress?_________________________________________________________________________________53．WhatdidLiQianshowinherdanceinthe2023SpringFestivalgala?_________________________________________________________________________________54．WhydidLiQiantrydifferentrolesinherdance?_________________________________________________________________________________55．HowdiddancehelpLiQianaccordingtothelastparagraph?_________________________________________________________________________________请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—10的相应位置上。ThisstorytookplaceduringtheWarringStatesperiod(战国时期)．Atthattime,kingswouldoftenexchange(交换)eachother’ssonsashostages(人质)top56______theirowncountries．Nowitwastheprince(王子)ofWei’sturn．HewasgoingtobeahostageinHandan,thecapitalofZhao．PangCong,agreatleader,wasgoingwithhim．B57______theyleft,PangCongsaidtothekingofWei,“Ifsomeonecomestoreportthatheseesatigerinthemarket,willYourMajesty(陛下)believeit?”“Ofcoursenot,“thekinganswered．“Ifas58______mancomestosaythesamething,willYourMajestybelieveit?”“Istarttothinkaboutit．““Then,ifathirdmancomeswiththesamer59______,willYourMajestybelieveit?”“thinkIwillbelieveitist60______.”“Well,weallknowwecan’tseeatigerinthemarket．Butsincethreemensaythesamethinge61______nowbelievesthereisatigerthere．Handanismuchf62______fromourcapitalthanthemarketisfromhere,andmorethanthreepeoplewillsaybadwordsb63______mybackwhenIamaway!“Iknowwhattodo,“thekingsaidimpatiently．ButafterPangCongleft,theking’se64______werefilledwithbadwordsabouthim．WhenPangCongreturnedtoWeiwiththeprince,thekingdidn’tt65______himanymore．So,“threemenmakeatiger”meansthatifalieisrepeatedoftenenough,peoplemaystarttobelieveit.八、书面表达(满分15分)66．学校英语社团将举办以”SavetheEarth”为主题的英语演讲比赛，旨在呼吁学生关注自然，保护环境。请你根据图表中的要点，写一篇英语演讲稿。ProblemsTheairgets…Thewater…Causescutdowntrees…AdviceThegovernment……注意：1．内容涵盖所有要点，全文连贯通顺。2．词数不少于70词(已给出的演讲稿开头不计入总词数)。3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。Hello,everyone!TodayIwillgiveaspeechhereandthetitleis“SavetheEarth”．_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．A【详解】句意：——约翰，你迟到了十分钟。

对不起！——我正要离开，这时电话响了。这是我姐姐的电话。考查连词辨析。when当……时；while当……时；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“myphonerang”可知，电话的响的时候，正要离开，rang是短暂动词，when引导时间状语从句，故选A。2．D【详解】句意：——明天下午将有一个关于自然灾害的讲座。——太棒了。但是需要两个小时。我恐怕不能坐着听完整个演讲。考查介词辨析。from从；across横过，穿过；over在……上面；through穿过，自始至终。根据“Butittakestwohours．I’mafraidIcan’tsit..．thewholetalk.”可知，讲座要持续两个小时，我恐怕不能从头到尾听完整个讲座，through符合语境。故选D。3．C【详解】句意：——当人们说“不要生活在恐惧中，要生活”是什么意思？”？——永远不要太在意恐惧。反而试着充实地生活。考查副词辨析。either也，用于否定句；already已经；instead相反；too也，用于肯定句。根据“Nevercaretoomuchaboutthefear.”可知，不要在意恐惧，反而要充实地生活，故选C。4．B【详解】句意：阅读对我们很重要，因为它可以使我们的头脑像一池水一样清澈。考查形容词辨析。cool凉爽的；clear清晰的；deep深的；wide宽的。根据“apoolofwater.”可知，阅读可以让我们头脑像一池水一样清澈。故选B。5．D【详解】句意：这位老艺术家的作品总是描写人们在农村的日常生活。考查动词辨析。follow跟随；write写；discuss讨论；describe描述。根据“Theoldartist’sworks”可知，作品描写人们的生活，故选D。6．C【详解】句意：我们组成新单词“impatient”的方法不同于其他三个。考查构词法。firefighter消防员，由fire和fighter合成；noticeboard布告栏，notice和board合成；impatient没有耐心的，是在单词patient前面加-im；greenhouse温室，由green和house合成。故选C。7．D【详解】句意：——我昨天下午打电话给你，但你没有接。——对不起。我当时正在写一份关于动物保护的报告。考查动词时态。根据“yesterdayafternoon”可知，昨天下午打电话的时候正在写一份关于动物保护的报告，应用过去进行时，故选D。8．B【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构与“MissLiteachesusEnglish.”相同？考查句子结构。MissLiworkshardallthetime.主+谓；MissLitellsusstoriesinclass.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；MissLiasksustoworkforourdreams.主+谓+宾+宾语补足语；MissLiisthebestteacherinmyheart.主+系+表。“MissLiteachesusEnglish.”是“主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构，故选B。9．A【详解】句意：我们可以从这条便条中了解到什么？考查常识。Maywasinfearduringthefilm梅在看电影时感到恐惧；Mayenjoyedthefilmverymuch梅非常喜欢这部电影；Maydoesn’tlikewatchingfunnyfilms梅不喜欢看搞笑电影；Maydoesn’twanttoseeafilmwithSam梅不想和山姆一起看电影。根据“Ididn’tsayatthetimebutIwasabitafraid!”可知，梅在看电影时感到恐惧。故选A。10．C【详解】句意：——《舒克和贝塔历险记》的票卖完了。

——太遗憾了。我真的很想看。考查情景交际。Noproblem没问题；Itdoesn’tmatter没关系；That’sapity太遗憾了；That’samazing太惊讶了。根据“Therearenotickets”可知，没有票了，因此很遗憾，故选C。11．B12．A13．B14．C15．D16．A17．C18．D19．A20．D【导语】本文讲述了61岁的农民克里夫参加澳大利亚的长跑比赛并获得了第一名，他改变了长跑比赛，并表明年龄和风格并不代表一切。11．句意：比赛需要5天多的时间才能完成。spends花费，人作主语；takes需要……时间（花时间）；costs需花费（花钱）；pays付款（花钱）。根据“morethanfivedaystofinish”可知，此处指比赛要5天多时间才能完成，用takes。故选B。12．句意：许多世界著名的赛跑选手参加比赛。gofor前往，选择；gothrough经历，经受；lookfor寻找；lookthrough浏览。根据“Theybecomespokespeopleforsportsgoods.”可知，许多著名的跑步选手也选择参加比赛。故选A。13．句意：然而，在1983年，当赛跑者排队等待开始比赛时，一位61岁的农民加入了他们，穿着运动服和橡胶靴。moreover此外；however然而；instead代替，而不是；otherwise否则。根据“a61-year-oldfarmerjoinedthem,wearingsportsclothesandrubberboots”可知，1983年一名61岁的农民参加了这项比赛，此处与上文是转折关系，however符合语境。故选B。14．句意：但是克里夫清楚地告诉他们，他是来参加比赛的。carefully仔细地；suddenly突然；clearly清楚地；slowly缓慢地。根据“Theotherrunnersthoughthewasjustawatcher.”可知，其他跑步者以为克里夫是一个看客，但克里夫清楚地告诉他们自己是来参加比赛的。故选C。15．句意：有时我不得不追着那些羊跑上两三天。lookafter照顾；pickup挑选；waitfor等待；runafter追逐。根据“heoftenhadtobringabout2,000animalstogetherbyhimself.”可知，此处指他追逐着那些羊。故选D。16．句意：当比赛开始时，年轻的选手从克里夫身边飞过。past经过；over越过；by通过；upon向上。根据“Insteadofcatchingupwiththem,Cliffranslowlyalonginanunusualway.”可知，比赛开始后，年轻的选手从克里夫身边飞快地经过。故选A。17．句意：但是发生了一些事情。anything任何事物；nothing没有什么；something某事物；everything一切。根据“Whenalltheotherrunnerstookabreaktosleep,Cliffkeptrunning.”可知，此处指一些事情发生了。故选C。18．句意：每天早上，其他的跑步者都追上了他，但最后克里夫远远地在他们的前面。early早；late迟；near在附近；far远，遥远地。根据“Cliffwastoo..．infrontofthem”可知，克里夫日夜兼程地跑，远远地跑在其他选手前面。故选D。19．句意：这使他成为澳大利亚的英雄。made使；led引领；helped帮助；let让。根据“Hedidn’tknowtherewouldbeprizemoney(奖金),andhegavethemoneytorunnerslikehim.”可知，他把奖金给了像他一样的跑步者，这个举动使得他成为澳大利亚的英雄。故选A。20．句意：从那时起，许多跑步者开始使用他特殊的跑步方式。awful糟糕的；free免费的；usual通常的；special特殊的。根据“Noonesleepsduringtheraceanymore.”可知，比赛要进行5天，之前很多参赛者晚上会睡觉，但现在选手像克里夫一样，在比赛期间不再睡觉，由此推知此处指一种“特殊的”跑步方式。故选D。21．C22．A23．D【导语】本文是一篇描写夜景的诗歌。21．细节理解题。根据“Asmyeyesglitterwithmytears.”可知，作者眼睛里闪烁着泪花，一次心情是悲伤的，故选C。22．词句猜测题。根据“Sweepingthroughmycurlyhair”可知，需要一个单词与hair押韵，结合“Gentlebreeze”，此处指“微风在空中飘荡”，故选A。23．细节理解题。根据“Thencomesthepouringrain,Reachingfortheshelterismyaim.”可知，作者离开是因为下起了大雨，故选D。24．B25．A26．B【导语】本文主要介绍了温迪设计的担架。24．细节理解题。根据“WendyMurphywaswatchingthenews．Theyearwas1985,andaterribleearthquakehitMexicoCity.”可知，地震发生的时候，温迪在看新闻，故选B。25．词句猜测题。根据“Peopleusedsuchmaterialstomakespecialbagstodeliverpizzas．Theycouldhelpkeeppizzaswarm!”可知，用特殊材料运送披萨，因此“deliver”意为“send”，故选A。26．推理判断题。根据“Today,Wendy’sstretchersareusedallaroundtheworld.”可知，本文主要介绍了温迪设计的担架，故选B。27．C28．B29．C30．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了德国柏林动物园与众不同的明星北极熊克努特，随着时间的流逝，克努特日渐长大，却风光不再，没有人知道克努特的未来会怎样。27．细节理解题。根据第二段“BecauseofKnut,thezoomademoremoneyin2007thaninanyotheryear．ManyvisitorscametoseeKnutandboughttoys,DVDs,andbooksabouthim.”可知，小时候的克努特帮动物园赚了许多钱。故选C。28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Astimepassed,Knutgrewbigger．Hewasn’tascuteasbefore.”和“Knutwentontoliveatthezoo,buthewasnomoreastar.”可知，随着时间的流逝，长大后的克努特不像以前那么可爱了，不再是动物园里的明星了。故选B。29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“NobodyknowswhatthefutureholdsforKnut.”可知，没有人知道克努特的未来会是怎样的。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Atthesametime,zookeepersgoontolookforwaystokeepKnutsafeandhappy.”可知，动物园管理员会想方设法让克努特安全、快乐地生活。故选D。31．A32．C33．B34．D35．D【导语】本文主要讲述了JohnMuir热爱大自然。31．词句猜测题。根据“Thehardworklikeplowingfieldsanddiggingawellmadehimstronginbothmindandbody.”可知，此处提及了辛苦劳作，因此放在1处，故选A。32．细节理解题。根据“In1849,whenJohnMuirwas11yearsold,heandhisfamilymovedfromScotlandtotheUnitedStates.”；“Helovedlearning,too,andatnighthestudiedandreadaboutmanysubjects.”；“Butatage29,hehadaseriouseyeproblem．Healmostlosthisvision.”；“Ayearlater,whenJohnsawtheSierraNevadamountainsinCaliforniaforthefirsttime,hebegantounderstandthathefoundhiscallinginlife.”和“In1892,JohnMuirstartedtheSierraClub．Thisoldorganizationstillworkstoprotecttheenvironment.”可知，正确的顺序是a-b-d-e-c，故选C。33．细节理解题。根据“Hebuiltclocksanddesignedmachinesthatmadefarmingeasier.”可知，自己设计机器，而不是购买机器，故选B。34．词句猜测题。根据“Ayearlater,whenJohnsawtheSierraNevadamountainsinCaliforniaforthefirsttime,hebegantounderstandthathefoundhiscallinginlife.”可知，一年以后，他开始明白自己找到了人生的使命。因此“calling”意为“使命”，选项A、B和C均是“叫喊”，故选D。35．最佳标题题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要讲述了JohnMuir热爱大自然，故选D。36．advise【详解】句意：这家餐馆的菜很特别。我建议你试一试。advise“建议”，动词；根据“Thedishesintherestaurantareveryspecial.”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为I，动词用原形。故填advise。37．result【详解】句意：他们迫不及待地想知道篮球赛的结果。根据汉语提示可知，result“结果”，名词，又根据“the…ofthebasketballgame”可知，此处应用单数名词result作动词know的宾语。故填result。38．easily【详解】句意：在网上信息的帮助下，我可以很容易地完成项目。“容易地”对应的单词为easily，修饰动词finish。故填easily。39．cough【详解】句意：如果你发高烧，咳嗽得厉害，马上去医院。根据中文提示和“If”可知，从句时态是一般现在时，主语非三单，cough“咳嗽”符合句意，故填cough。40．nervous【详解】句意：这是她第一次在全班面前讲话，但她并不感到紧张。根据中文提示可知，nervous“紧张的”符合句意，形容词作表语。故填nervous。41．noisy【详解】句意：约翰昨晚没睡好，因为他吵闹的邻居。根据空后“neighbours”是名词可知，应用noise的形容词noisy“吵闹的”修饰。故填noisy。42．unhappy【详解】句意：南希对托尼说的话感到很不高兴。她只是坐下来哭了。根据“Shejustsatdownandcried”可知，南希不开心，unhappy符合句意，故填unhappy。43．action【详解】句意：马克斯是一个聪明的男孩，有很多想法。但他很少把自己的想法付诸行动。根据“into”可知，介词后应接名词，action“行动”为不可数名词，符合语境。故填action。44．importance【详解】句意：越来越多的人开始认识到环境的重要性。根据“the...of”可知，此处需要一个名词，important“重要的”，形容词，名词为importance“重要性”，故填importance。45．toreach【详解】句意：由于天气原因，登山者未能到达山顶。根据failtodosth.“没能做某事”可知，应用不定式作宾语。故填toreach。46．A47．E48．C49．B50．F【导语】本文主要介绍了居住在边远地区无法去图书馆的人们特殊的运送图书的方式。46．根据空前的“Butnoroadsleadtotheirhomes,onlymilesandmilesofsand.”和空后的“Solibrarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels.”可知，此处与图书馆的书籍用骆驼运输的原因有关，选项A“汽车和卡车是无用的。”符合语境。故选A。47．根据上文“Solibrarybooksarriveonthebacksofcamels．Camelscanhandle(处理)thesandandthebooks．Ateachvillage,thelibrariansetsupthetentandshowsthebooksinside.”可知，本段讲述的是骆驼运送图书，选项E“两周后，骆驼们带着新书回来了。”符合语境。故选E。48．根据下文“Becauseoftheirsize,theycancarryheavybooksinmetal(金属)boxestoprotectthebooksfromtheheavyrain.”可知，此处与大象运送图书有关，选项C“大象可以应付这段艰难的旅程。”符合语境。故选C。49．根据上文“Indonesiahasitsownchallenges(挑战).”可知，此处与印度尼西亚面临运送图书的挑战有关；根据下文“Somostpeopletravelbyboat,andsodotheirlibrarybooks.”可知，此处与用船运送图书馆书籍的原因有关，选项B“这个国家包括17000多个岛屿。”符合语境。故选B。50．根据下文“Theybringawholeworldofinformation.”可知，此处与特殊的运送图书的方式带来的结果有关，选项F“这些特殊的图书馆带来的不仅仅是书籍。”符合语境。故选F。