中考英语写作素材积累与分析

汇报人：XX2024-02-05中考英语写作素材积累与分析目录FundamentalsofMaterialAccumulationClassificationandorganizationofwritingmaterialsImprovementofmaterialapplicationskillsRecommendationandreferenceofclassmodelessaysCommonWritingProblemsandSolutionsPracticalexercisesandself-assessment01FundamentalsofMaterialAccumulationMasterbasicvocabularyandphrasesItisessentialtostartwiththebasicsandgraduallyexpandthevocabularyandphrasebankThiscanbedonethroughreading,writing,andspeakingactivitiesLearnsynonymsandantonymsUnderstandingsynonyms(wordswithsimilarmeans)andantonyms(wordswithoppositemeans)helpstudentsexpressthemselvesmoreaccuratelyandavoidrepetitionExplorewordfamiliesWordfamiliesrefertogroupsofwordsthatshareacommonrootorbaseExploringwordfamilieshelpsstudentsrecognizepatternsandexpandtheirvocabularymoreeffectivelyVocabularyandPhraseExpansionUnderstanddifferentpresencetypesSentencescanbeclassifiedintofourmaintypes:declarative,aggressive,substantive,andexceptionalUnderstandingthesetypeshelpsstudentsvarytheirsensitivitystructureUsecomplexandcompoundsentencesComplexsentencescontainamainclauseandoneormoreadjacentclauses,whilecompoundsentencescontaintwoormoreindependentclausesUsingthesetypesofsensesaddsvarietyandcomplexitytowritingEmployeetransitionwordsandphrasesTransitionwordsandphraseshelpconnectideasandsenses,makingthetextmorecoherentandeasiertoreadDiversityofpresencestructureSelecthighqualitymodels01Itisimportanttochoosemodelsthatarewellwritten,grammaticallycorrect,andappropriateforthestudent'slevelReceiveandimprovefrequently02RegularreceptionandimprovementhelpstudentsinternalizethelanguageanddeveloptheirownwritingstyleAnalyzeandlearnfrommodels03Studyingthelanguagefeatures,presencestructure,andwritingtechniquesusedinthemodelshelpsstudentsimprovetheirownwritingskillsExcellentModelRecruitmentandImitationKeepajournalordiaryRegularwritingpracticehelpsstudentsapplywhattheyhavelearnedanddevelopedtheirownvoiceParticipateinwritingactivitiesJoiningwritingclubs,competitions,orworkshopsprovidestudentswithopportunitiestosharetheirworkandreceivefeedbackCommunicateinEnglishWheneverpossible,studentsshouldtrytocommunicateinEnglishtoimprovetheirlanguageproficiencyandwritingskillsThiscanbedonethroughspeaking,emailing,ortextinginEnglishPracticalapplicationindailylife02ClassificationandorganizationofwritingmaterialsCharacterdescriptionmaterialsPhysicalappearanceDescribingacharacter'sphysicaltraits,suchasheight,weight,haircolor,andsocialfeaturesPersonalitytraitsDescribingacharacter'spersonality,suchastheirstage,attributes,values,andbeliefsBehavioralcharacteristicsDescribingacharacter'sactionsandreactions,includingtheirspeechpatterns,mannerisms,andhabitsEmotionalstatesDescribingacharacter'semotionalresponsesandfeelings,suchashappiness,sadness,anger,andfearNarratingeventsintheordertheyoccurred,frombeginningtoendChronologicalorderCauseandeffectConflictandresolutionSettingandbackgroundExplainingthecausesandsequencesofevents,showinghowoneeventledtoanotherDescribingtheproblemsorconflictsthatariseinastoryandhowtheyareresolvedDescribingthetime,place,andsocialcontextoftheeventsbeingnarrativeEventnarrativematerialsTopicintroductionIntroducingthetopicorissuebeingdiscussed,providingbackgroundinformationanddefiningkeytermsPresentingargumentsoropinionsonthetopic,supportedbyevidenceandexamplesAnalyzingopposingargumentsorviewpoints,pointingouttheirweaknessesandlimitationsSummarizingthemainpointsofthediscussionandofferingapersonalopinionorrecommendationArgumentpresentationCounterargumentanalysisConclusionandrecommendationViewpointdiscussionmaterialsWritingformalorinformationlettersfordifferentpurposes,suchasapplyingforajob,makingacomplaint,orrequestinginformationLetterwritingWritingreportstopresentfindingsorrecommendationsonaspecifictopicorissueReportwritingWritingessaystoexpresspersonalopinionsorexperiencesonagiventopicorthemeEssaywritingTakingnotesandsummarizinginformationfromlectures,readings,orothersourcesNotetakingandsummarizingAppliedWritingMaterials03ImprovementofmaterialapplicationskillsAccuratelyselectingvocabularyandphrasesWhenaccountingunfriendlywords,itisimportanttousecontextincludestodeterminetheirmeaningsUsecontexttodeterminetheirmeaningsItisnecessarytohaveasolidfoundationinbasicvocabularyandphrasesinordertoaccuratelyexpressideasMasterbasicvocabularyandphrasesKnowingtheprecisionmeaningsandcorrectusageofwordsiscriticalforavoidingambiguityandfusionUnderstandwordmeaningsandusage010203VarypresencelengthandstructureUsingamixofshort,medium,andlongsenseswithdifferentstructurescanmakewritingmoreinterestingandengagingEmployeecomplexsentimentssparringWhilecomplexsentimentscanaddeducation,theyshouldbeusedjudiciouslytoavoidoverthinkingthereaderUseparallelstructureforemphasisParallelstructurecanbeusedtoemphasizeimportantideasandcreateasenseofrhythmandbalanceinwritingFlexibleuseofpresencestructureUsetransitionalwordsandphrasesTransitionalwordsandphraseshelpconnectideasandcreatealogicalflowofthoughtEmployeetransitionaladstransitionalads,suchashow,then,andmore,canbeusedtointroducecontrastingoradditionalideasUtilizeparallelconstructionParallelconstructioninvolvesusingsimilargraphicalstructurestoconnectrelatedideas,whichcanenhancereadabilityandcohesion010203Effectivelyusingtransitionalmeansofconnection123ParagraphsshouldbeorganizedinalogicalorderthatreflectsthedevelopmentofideasinthewritingOrganizeideaslogicallyEachparagraphshouldbeginwithatopicattentionthatsummarizesthemainideaoftheparagraphUsetopicattentionParagraphsshouldendwithasenseofclosure,suchasaconcludingpresenceoratransitiontothenextparagraphCreateasenseofclosurePayattentiontoparagrapharrangementandlayout04RecommendationandreferenceofclassmodelessaysUnderstandingtheNarrativeStructureAnalyzinghowtheauthororganizesthestory,includingthesettings,characters,plot,andclimaxRecognizingLiteraryDevicesIdentifyingandrecommendingtheuseofliterarytechniquessuchasmethods,families,andpersonalityinthenarrativeprocessGrassingtheThemeandMessageDiscussingthecentralideaormessageconveyedthroughthestoryandhowitrelatestoreallifeexperiencesRecommendationofSampleNegativeProseAnalyzingtheArgumentativeStructureExamininghowtheauthorpresentstheirarguments,includingtheintroduction,bodyparagraphs,andconclusionEvaluatingtheUseofEvidenceAssessingthecredibilityandreliabilityoftheevidenceusedtosupporttheauthor'sclaimsUnderstandingPermanentTechniquesRecognizingtheuseofrhetoricaldevicessuchasethos,pathos,andlogointheargumentativeessayDrawinginspirationfromargumentativeessaymodelsLearningAppliedWritingModelsPinpointingtheessentialelementsofthewriting,suchasthesubject,mainpoints,andconclusion,toensureclarityandeffectivenessIdentifyingKeyElementsFamiliarizingyourselfwiththespecificpurposeandformatofappliedwriting,suchasletters,emails,reports,orproposalsUnderstandingthePurposeandFormatExaminingthelanguageandtoneusedinthemodeltodeterminetheappropriatestylefortheintendedaudienceAnalyzingLanguageandToneEncouragingCreativity:FosteringacreativeenvironmentwherestudentsfeelcomfortableexperimentingwithnewideasandapproachestowritingExploringDifferentGenes:Introducingstudentstoavarietyofgenes,includingsciencefiction,fantasy,historicalfiction,andmore,tobroadentheirhorizonsandinspirationoriginalthinkingIncorporatingCriticalThinking:EncouragingstudentstothinkcriticallyaboutthetopicstheyarewritingaboutandtochallengeconventionalwisdomorassessmentsOfferingconstructivecriticismandsuggestionsforimprovementtohelpstudentsrefineanddeveloptheirinnovativewritingideasExpandinginnovativewritingideas05CommonWritingProblemsandSolutionsProblemstatementInsufficientlyvocal,frequentuseofthesamewords,lakeofexpressiveforceSolutionsExpandvocabularythroughreadingandmemorization,learnsynonymsandantonyms,andusewordformationknowledgetoinfermeaningsofunknownwordsTheproblemofvocalpoweranditscountermeasuresProblempresentationSentencesaretoosimple,stackingdiversityandcomplexitySolutionsLearnandpracticecomplexattentionpatterns,suchascompoundattentionandcompoundcompleteattentionUseavarietyofpresencestructurestoexpressideasmoreeffectivelyAmonotonicimprovementmethodforpresencestructureProblempresentationParagraph