2023-2024学年广东省四校联考高三上学期11月月考英语试题(解析版)

PAGEPAGE2广东省四校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题第一部分听力略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYou’veprobablytriedeasycenter-cityBeijingridesifyouenjoyriding.Nowit’stimetolevelupyourrides,sotheywilltakeyououtintothecountrysideandattractivemountains.DeathValleyApproximatedistance:100kmloop(环线)Itmaysoundterrifying,butBeijing’scyclistsnamedthisnorthernroute“DeathValley”onaccountofthehugetombitpasses,notthenumberofon-roadaccidentsithaswitnessed.Inreality,it’stheclosest,mostlycar-freelooptothecitycenter.Tuesday/ThursdayTTTApproximatedistance:54kmloopThisTeamTimeTrialisverypopularamongtheBeijingcyclingcommunityasanearlymorningridebeforework.Whileit’snotparticularlyscenic,therearefewtrafficlights,andtheroadsarenottoobusyandhaveadequatebikelanesoneachside,makingitarelativelytrouble-freeride.Ifyou’dliketoridewithagroup,seekoutearlymorningBeijingridergroupsandjointhemonTuesdayorThursdaymorningsat5amor6amdependingontheseason.TheVerseApproximatedistance:120kmloopItpassesacafewithgood(althoughexpensive)foodandevenhigh-endaccommodation,butthebestpartistheirsuperwelcomingattitudetowardscyclists.It’sabitofhiketogettherebutwellworththeeffort,asyouarerewardedwithamazingviewsoftheGreatWalluponarrival,andaridebackthatismostlydownhill.TongzhouGrandCanalForestParkApproximatedistance:70kmloopThisparkistheclosestplaceforriderstoenjoytheGrandCanalinBeijing.TheTongzhouGrandCanalisatruewonderinChina,andoneofthegreatestcivilengineeringprojectsinhistory.TheoldestpartsofitdatebackhundredsofyearsBC.Itwillbeafunridehere.1.Whyisthenorthernroutenamed“DeathValley”?A.Ithasdeadlyloopsforcars.B.Itislocatedinadistantplace.C.Thereisalargetombontheroute.D.Manyaccidentshavehappenedalongtheroad.2.Whichofthefollowingcoverstheshortestdistance?A.DeathValley. B.Tuesday/ThursdayTTT.C.TheVerse D.TongzhouGrandCanalForestPark3.Whatdothelasttworouteshaveincommon?A.Theybothofferadownhillride. B.Theybothhaveadequatebikelanes.C.Theybothpassasecond-to-nonecafe. D.Theybothofferaviewofhistoricalsites.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是几条可以带你进入乡村和迷人山区的骑行路线。【答案】1.C2.B3.D1．【解析】细节理解题。根据DeathValley部分的“Itmaysoundterrifying,butBeijing’scyclistsnamedthisnorthernroute“DeathValley”onaccountofthehugetombitpasses,notthenumberofon-roadaccidentsithaswitnessed.(这听起来可能很可怕，但北京的骑行者将这条北线命名为“死亡谷”，是因为它经过的巨大坟墓，而不是它目睹的交通事故数量。)”可知，之所以这样命名是因为这条路线会经过巨大的坟墓。故选C项。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据DeathValley部分中的“Approximatedistance:100kmloop(环线)(大约距离：100公里环线)”；Tuesday/ThursdayTTT部分中的“Approximatedistance:54kmloop(大约距离：54公里环线)”；TheVerse部分中的“Approximatedistance:120kmloop(大约距离：120km环线)”以及TongzhouGrandCanalForestPark部分中的“Approximatedistance:70kmloop(大约距离：70公里环路)”可知，路线最短的应该是Tuesday/ThursdayTTT，其只有54公里环路。故选B项。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据TheVerse部分中的“It’sabitofhiketogettherebutwellworththeeffort,asyouarerewardedwithamazingviewsoftheGreatWalluponarrival,andaridebackthatismostlydownhill.(到达那里需要一点徒步旅行，但非常值得付出努力，因为您在抵达时可以欣赏到长城的壮丽景色，并且大部分是下坡的车程。)”可以见到长城壮丽的景象，根据TongzhouGrandCanalForestPark部分中的“ThisparkistheclosestplaceforriderstoenjoytheGrandCanalinBeijing.TheTongzhouGrandCanalisatruewonderinChina,andoneofthegreatestcivilengineeringprojectsinhistory.(这个公园是北京骑手最接近游览大运河的地方。通州大运河是中国真正的奇迹，也是历史上最伟大的土木工程之一。)”可知，这条线路可以看到大运河，由此可知，这两条路线都可以看到历史遗迹。故选D项。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A.Puzzled. B.Scared. C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.HehadaknowledgeofChina.B.Hewasawesternjournalist.C.HecametoChinaseveraltimes.D.HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.B.Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity.C.Theysetoffinhighspirits.D.Theyhonoredtheancestors.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A.Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.B.Toshareandreflectonajourney.C.Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity.D.TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，去年5月，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的PaulSalopek，于是决定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.B4．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗·萨洛佩克要用自己的两只脚走完整个地球时，我惊呆了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人)”可知，作者最初对Paul的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选C项。5．【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他告诉我这是他第一次来中国。他非常兴奋地和我谈论我所在地区的历史、移民和发现。他谈到了蜀道-盐都道(南方丝绸之路)、17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行、茶马古道和20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫·洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为他们中的许多人是英雄，在某种意义上是中国慢新闻的先驱)”可知PaulSalopek和作者谈论所在地区的历史、移民和发现，可推知，PaulSalopek对中国有一定的了解。故选A项。6．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围观着我们观察我们；有些人给了我们指引；有些人邀请我们到他们家休息；有些人谈论着他们家乡的魅力。我们遇到了许多美丽的灵魂，朴实的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用心走路)”据此可推知，作者和Paul与人们建立了联系。故选A项。7．【解析】推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，作者住在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游世界的PaulSalopek,于是决定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他们路上的见闻和作者的感悟。由此推知，作者写作的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选B项。COnekeyelementofhumanlanguageissemantics(语义).Scientistshadlongthoughtthatunlikeourwords,animalvocalizations(发声)wereinvoluntary,renectingtheemotionalstateoftheanimalwithoutconveyinganyotherinformation.Butoverthelastfourdecades,numerousstudieshaveshownthatvariousanimalshavedistinctcallswithspecificmeanings.Manybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcalls.Japanesetits,whichnestintreeholes,haveonecallthatcausestheirbabybirdstogetdowntoavoidbeingpulledoutofthenestbycrows,andanothercallfortreesnakesthatsendsthemjumpingoutofthenestentirely.Siberianjaysvarytheircallsdependingonwhetheranenemyisseenlookingforfoodoractivelyattacking—andeachcallgetsadifferentresponsefromothernearbybirds.Tworecentstudiessuggestthattheorderofsomebirds’vocalizationsmayimpacttheirmeaning.Thoughtheideaisstillcontroversial,thiscouldrepresentabasicformoftherulesgoverningtheorderandcombinationofwordsandelementsinhumanlanguageknownassyntax(句法),asillustratedbytheclassic“dogbitesman”vs.“manbitesdog”example.Evenifsomebirdssharebasicaspectsofhumanlanguage,westillknowverylittleaboutwhat’sactuallygoingonintheirminds.Mostanimalcommunicationresearchhasfocusedondescribingsignalsandbehavior,whichonthesurfacecanlookalotlikehumanbehavior.Determiningiftheunderlyingcognitive(认知的)processesdrivingthebehaviorarealsosimilarismuchmorechallenging,asattheheartofthisquestionisintentionality:Areanimalsmerelyreactingtotheirenvironment,ordotheyintendtoconveyinformationtooneanother?8.Whatwasscientists’long-heldbeliefaboutanimalvocalizations?A.Theyconveyednoemotion. B.Theyweresemanticallyrelated.C.Theyvariedgreatlywithspecies. D.Theyexpressednointendedmeaning.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byprovidingdefinition. D.Bymakingcomparisons.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”this”inparagraph3referto?A.Whatbirds’vocalizationsmean. B.Howrulesgovernhumanlanguage.C.Whatthetworecentstudiesindicate. D.Howbird’svocalizationsarecombined.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Sharedaspectsofhumanandbirds’languages.B.Focusofmostanimalcommunicationresearch.C.Underlying,cognitiveprocessesofbirds’vocalizations.D.Insufficientknowledgeaboutbirds’communicationintentionality.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。在过去的四十年里，大量的研究表明，各种动物都有不同的叫声，具有特定的含义，其中人们对鸟类的叫声倾注了大量关注和研究。【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.D8．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Scientistshadlongthoughtthatunlikeourwords,animalvocalizations(发声)wereinvoluntary,renectingtheemotionalstateoftheanimalwithoutconveyinganyotherinformation.(长期以来，科学家们一直认为，与我们的语言不同，动物的发声是不由自主的，它再现了动物的情绪状态，而不传达任何其他信息。)”可知，科学家们长期以来对动物发声的看法是它们没有表达任何有意的意思。故选D。9．【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Manybirdspeciesusedifferentalarmcalls.(许多鸟类使用不同的警报信号。)”，第二句“Japanesetits,whichnestintreeholes,haveonecallthatcausestheirbabybirdstogetdowntoavoidbeingpulledoutofthenestbycrows,andanothercallfortreesnakesthatsendsthemjumpingoutofthenestentirely.(在树洞筑巢的日本山雀，有一种叫声能让它们的幼鸟下来，以免被乌鸦拉出巢外，另一种叫声能让它们完全跳出巢外。)”和第三句“Siberianjaysvarytheircallsdependingonwhetheranenemyisseenlookingforfoodoractivelyattacking—andeachcallgetsadifferentresponsefromothernearbybirds.(西伯利亚松鸦根据敌人是在寻找食物还是在主动攻击而改变它们的叫声，而每一种叫声都会从附近的其他鸟类那里得到不同的回应。)”可知，第二段是通过举例来论证观点。故选B。10．【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Tworecentstudiessuggestthattheorderofsomebirds’vocalizationsmayimpacttheirmeaning.(最近的两项研究表明，一些鸟类发声的顺序可能会影响它们的意义。)”和第二句中的“couldrepresentabasicformoftherulesgoverningtheorderandcombinationofwordsandelementsinhumanlanguageknownassyntax(句法),asillustratedbytheclassic“dogbitesman”vs.“manbitesdog”example(可能代表了一种基本形式的规则，即控制人类语言中单词和元素的顺序和组合，即语法，如经典的“狗咬人”和“人咬狗”的例子所示)”可知，this指代的是鸟的叫声的组合方式。故选D。11．【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“Evenifsomebirdssharebasicaspectsofhumanlanguage,westillknowverylittleaboutwhat’sactuallygoingonintheirminds.(即使一些鸟类分享人类语言的基本方面，我们仍然对它们的思想知之甚少。)”和最后一句“Determiningiftheunderlyingcognitive(认知的)processesdrivingthebehaviorarealsosimilarismuchmorechallenging,asattheheartofthisquestionisintentionality:Areanimalsmerelyreactingtotheirenvironment,ordotheyintendtoconveyinformationtooneanother?(确定驱动行为的潜在认知过程是否相似则更具挑战性，因为这个问题的核心是意向性；动物仅仅是对环境做出反应，还是它们有意向彼此传递信息？)”可知，最后一段主要是讲对鸟类的交流意向认识的不足。故选D。DAsathletesgetstrongerandfaster,thepaceofplaycontinuestoincrease.Theburdenofmakingsuregamesareplayedaccordingtotherulesandthattheofficiating(裁判)isaccurateisnowbeingtakenoutofhumanhandsandfallingmoreandmoreintothelapoftechnology.It’scalledthevideoreplay.TheNationalFootballLeagueisexpandingitsreplaysystemthisupcomingseasontoincludepassinterference(传球干扰).MajorLeagueBaseballnowreliesonitforsafe-or-outandhomeruncalls.Ifyou’vebeenwatchingtheFIFAWorldCup,youmayhavenoticedthattheVideoAssistantReferee(VAR)playedakeyroleinalmosteverygame.AndintheKentuckyDerby,ahorsewasdisqualifiedforknockinganotherhorse.Nooneknewwhyuntilavideoreplayconfirmedthecallandcontroversywasavoided.However,manypurists—thosewhowantpeopletofollowrulescarefullyanddothingsinthetraditionalway—especiallyinsoccer,argueit’snotthewaythegamewasinvented,andthatthevideoreplayistaintingthesport.Butdon’tyouwanttoseetheproperapplicationoftherulesthroughoutthegames?IknowIdo.Yes,itcanslowthegamedown,butIfeelitisworthit.Iftechnologicaladvancementsallowfanswatchingfromhometospotmistakesinstantly,thosesameviewsneedtobeavailabletotheofficiatingcrews.AnotherexampleoccurredinthemostrecentNationalFootballConference(NFC)ChampionshipGamebetweentheLosAngelesRamsandtheNewOrleansSaints.WhenobviouspassinterferencewascommittedbytheLosAngelesRamsplayerNickellRobey-Coleman,withjust109secondstoplay,noflagwasraisedonthefield.ItweakenedtheNewOrleansSaintsspirits.TheLosAngelesRamswona26-23overtimevictory.Theno-calldeeplyangeredthepublic.Thevideoreplayshowedtherefereeshadjustmissedoneofthemostapparentpassinterferencecalls.Therearenoeasyanswersregardingreplaytechnologyandwhetheritisacurse(魔咒).Butforme,keepingtheofficiatinghonestandontaskistherightstepinlimitingcontroversy.12.Whattrendinsportscanbeobservedinparagraph2?A.Thevideoreplayhasbeenwidelyused.B.Leaguegameshavebecomecompetitive.C.Rulesofprofessionalgamesarebecomingstricter.D.Peopleareshowingmoreinterestinsportsthanbefore.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tainting”inparagraph3mean?A.Tricking. B.Promoting. C.Damaging. D.Restoring.14.WhatmighttheNewOrleansSaintsthinkoftherefereesintheNFCChampionshipGame?A.Theyreliedalotonthevideoreplay.B.Theycaredtoomuchaboutdetails.C.Theyweredefinitelystressedout.D.Theywereterriblydisqualified.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Videoreplays:high-endtechnologyinsportsB.IstechnologylikeVARablessinginsports?C.Officiating:adutythatrequireshonestyD.Whatdoqualifiedrefereesreallymean?【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着运动员变得更加强壮和快速，比赛的节奏也越来越快，在确保比赛遵循规则和裁判准确性方面，越来越多地依靠于视频回放技术，以及在体育比赛中采用视频回放技术的优势和争议。文章提出使用视频回放技术可以让裁判更加公正和准确，并强调了保持裁判员诚实和任务的重要性。【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B12．【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheNationalFootballLeagueisexpandingitsreplaysystemthisupcomingseasontoincludepassinterference(传球干扰).MajorLeagueBaseballnowreliesonitforsafe-or-outandhomeruncalls.Ifyou’vebeenwatchingtheFIFAWorldCup,youmayhavenoticedthattheVideoAssistantReferee(VAR)playedakeyroleinalmosteverygame.AndintheKentuckyDerby,ahorsewasdisqualifiedforknockinganotherhorse.Nooneknewwhyuntilavideoreplayconfirmedthecallandcontroversywasavoided.(在即将到来的赛季中，美国国家橄榄球联盟将扩大其回放系统，将传球干扰纳入其中。美国职业棒球大联盟现在依靠它来进行安全出局和本垒打。如果你一直在看世界杯，你可能已经注意到视频助理裁判(VAR)在几乎每场比赛中都发挥着关键作用。在肯塔基赛马比赛中，一匹马因撞到另一匹马而被取消资格。没有人知道为什么，直到视频回放证实了这一判罚，争议才得以避免。)”可知，美国国家橄榄球联盟、美国职业棒球大联盟，FIFA世界杯以及肯塔基赛马中都在依靠视频回放作出裁决，由此推知，视频回放在体育赛事中已被广泛使用。故选A。13．【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“However,manypurists—thosewhowantpeopletofollowrulescarefullyanddothingsinthetraditionalway—especiallyinsoccer,argueit’snotthewaythegamewasinvented(然而，许多纯粹主义者——那些希望人们认真遵守规则，以传统方式做事的人——尤其是在足球领域，认为这不是这项运动的发明方式)”可知，许多纯粹主义者即以传统做事的人，在足球领域中认为这不是这项运动的发明方式，由此可知，许多纯粹主义者对视频回放持否定态度，他们认为视频回放玷污了这项运动。因此，画线词与C项“Damaging.(损坏)”为同义词。故选C。14．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“ItweakenedtheNewOrleansSaintsspirits.TheLosAngelesRamswona26-23overtimevictory.Theno-calldeeplyangeredthepublic.Thevideoreplayshowedtherefereeshadjustmissedoneofthemostapparentpassinterferencecalls.(它削弱了新奥尔良圣徒队的士气。洛杉矶公羊队在加时赛中以26比23获胜。这一否决深深激怒了公众。录像回放显示，裁判刚刚错过了一个最明显的传球干扰判罚。)”可知，视频回放显示，裁判刚刚错过了一个十分明显的传球干扰判罚，而这削弱了新奥尔良圣徒队的士气。由此推知，新奥尔良圣徒队会认为这些裁判是不称职的。故选D。15．【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了随着运动员变得更加强壮和快速，比赛的节奏也越来越快，在确保比赛遵循规则和裁判准确性方面，越来越多地依靠于视频回放技术，以及在体育比赛中采用视频回放技术的优势和争议。文章提出使用视频回放技术可以让裁判更加公正和准确，并强调了保持裁判员诚实和任务的重要性。B选项“IstechnologylikeVARablessinginsports?(像VAR这样的技术是体育界的福音吗？)”符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nutritionaladvicecomesfromeverycornerofourworld.___16___Moreover,weareencouragedtotakeamultivitamintofillinanygapsinourdiet.Thesubjectofpoppingapilltogettherecommendeddailyallowance(定量)ofthevariousvitaminsessentialtooverallgoodhealthmaybesomewhatcontroversial.Afterall,differentnutrientsmaybeabsorbedatdifferentratesbyourbodies.Surelyweshouldn’texpectonesmallpilltocoveritall.___17___OnevitaminthatisvitalforgoodhealthinsomanywaysbutistoooftentakenforgrantedisvitaminD.___18___Soitcanbeeasytogetintothemisconception(误解)thatMotherNatureistakingcareofthisaspectofourbalancednutrition.Whilesunlightexposureisbeneficial,noteveryonebenefitsfromthesunatthesamelevel.Sunexposureneartheequator(赤道)isfardifferentfromthatanEskimomightreceiveattheNorthPole.___19___Eveninsun-richareasoftheworld,peopletendtospendmuchmoretimeindoorstoescapetheuncomfortableheatproducedinsunnierclimates.___20___Youcangetitfromyourdiet,likefish,orangejuiceandbeefliver.Butwhenyoudoubtwhetheryourdietcanmeetyourneeds,agoodmultivitaminmaybeagoodfirststepinsupplyingadditionalvitaminsandminerals.A.Itisoftenassociatedwithexposuretosunlight.B.DarkerskinalsoabsorbslessvitaminDthanpalerskin.C.Wegetmanytipsonhowtoaddnutrientstooureverydaymenu.D.Oftenattentiontoournutritionalbalancecanimprovethesituation.E.Itisessentialforstrong,healthybonesandawell-functioningbrain.F.Still,itpaystounderstandtherolemanyvitaminsplayinstayingfit.G.TherearemanysourcesofdietaryvitaminDbesidesMotherNature.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了关于维生素摄入的一些争议和问题，尤其是关于维生素D的重要性和摄入方式的问题。提出了晒太阳可能无法完全满足人体对维生素D的需求，并强调了饮食和补充维生素的重要性。【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.B20.G16．【解析】根据前文“Nutritionaladvicecomesfromeverycornerofourworld.(营养建议来自世界的各个角落。)”可知，此处指出营养建议来自于世界各个角落。C选项“Wegetmanytipsonhowtoaddnutrientstooureverydaymenu.(我们得到了很多关于如何在日常菜单中添加营养的建议。)”承接前文，指出我们得到了很多在日常菜单中关于添加营养的建议，此处的tips与前文的advice形成呼应。故选C。17．【解析】根据前文“

Surelyweshouldn’texpectonesmallpilltocoveritall.(当然，我们不应该指望一粒小药丸就能解决所有问题。)”可知，此处强调我们不应该指望一粒小药丸就能包治百病。F选项“Still,itpaystounderstandtherolemanyvitaminsplayinstayingfit.(尽管如此，了解多种维生素在保持健康中的作用还是值得的。)”与前一句存在让步转折关系。指出我们不能指望一小片药就能包治百病。尽管如此，了解多种维生素在保持健康方面的作用还是值得的，符合语境。故选F。18．【解析】根据后文“Soitcanbeeasytogetintothemisconception(误解)thatMotherNatureistakingcareofthisaspectofourbalancednutrition.(因此，我们很容易产生这样的误解，认为大自然母亲正在照顾我们均衡营养的这一方面。)”可知，我们很容易产生误解即大自然在照顾我们均衡营养的这一方面。A选项“Itisoftenassociatedwithexposuretosunlight.(它通常与暴露在阳光下有关。)”与后一句存在因果关系。它往往与暴露在阳光下有关。因此，我们很容易陷入一种误解，认为大自然正在照顾我们平衡营养的这一方面。同时A项中的It指代空前的vitaminD。故选A。19．【解析】根据前文“Whilesunlightexposureisbeneficial,noteveryonebenefitsfromthesunatthesamelevel.Sunexposureneartheequator(赤道)isfardifferentfromthatanEskimomightreceiveattheNorthPole.(虽然阳光照射是有益的，但并不是每个人都能从相同程度的阳光中受益。赤道附近的阳光照射与爱斯基摩人在北极可能受到的阳光照射大不相同。)”可知，此处强调并不是每个人都能从相同程度的阳光中受益。B选项“DarkerskinalsoabsorbslessvitaminDthanpalerskin.(深色皮肤吸收的维生素D也比浅色皮肤少。)”承接前文，具体指出肤色不同的人对维生素D吸收的程度不同，符合语境。故选B。20．【解析】根据后文“Youcangetitfromyourdiet,likefish,orangejuiceandbeefliver.

(你可以从饮食中摄取，比如鱼、橙汁和牛肝。)”可知，此处强调获取维生素D的其他来源。G选项“TherearemanysourcesofdietaryvitaminDbesidesMotherNature.(除了大自然之外，膳食维生素D还有很多来源。)”引起下文，指出获取维生素D还有其他的来源即比如鱼、橙汁和牛肝等。该选项符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.Wasn’tit___21___thatshe’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood?Thatstruggleandthe___22___thatusuallycamewithitdidn’tdefeather,butmadeher___23___.Sheppardhadalwaysbeenanenthusiasticdancersincechildhood,butnowshewassoscaredthatshe___24___leftherapartment.Sheworriedaboutthewayshewould___25___totheworld.Hardasitwas,Sheppardlater___26___herselftogoout.At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaughtherfirstdancingclass.She___27___toteachherclassthereafterthat.Butshewas___28___.ShesoonconvincedVisionstoletherteachona___29___basis.Aboutfouryearslater,herclasseswonsomuch____30____thatVisionshiredhertobeonstaff.Sheppard’sstudentsweremostlyseniorswhoseeyesighthad____31____asadults.Withconfidence-buildingpraise,Sheppardalso____32____dignityandindependenceintothem.Asawaytocombinemovementswithherfaith,Sheppard____33____agroupcalledTheBlindSisterhood.Whatisher____34____formaintainingbothphysicalandmentalhealthdespite____35____lifethrowsather?“Keepitmoving!”21.A.enough B.desperate C.sorrowful D.abnormal22.A.comment B.separation C.prejudice D.sympathy23.A.different B.tough C.gentle D.sensitive24.A.willingly B.rarely C.constantly D.occasionally25.A.sound B.relate C.appear D.reply26.A.educated B.permitted C.reminded D.forced27.A.guaranteed B.prepared C.plotted D.applied28.A.interrupted B.evaluated C.declined D.abandoned29.A.temporary B.regular C.weekly D.voluntary30.A.popularity B.encouragement C.assistance D.advantage31.A.recovered B.worsened C.improved D.adjusted32.A.drilled B.pressed C.swept D.made33.A.setup B.openedup C.tookon D.puton34.A.purpose B.wish C.recipe D.effort35.A.rewards B.blessings C.surprises D.barriers【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是失明的MarionSheppard教视力受损的老人舞蹈，给他们灌输自尊和自立的思想，鼓励他们勇敢面对生活的挫折。【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.A34.C35.D21．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从小就有部分耳聋，这还不够吗？A.enough足够的；B.desperate绝望的；C.sorrowful悲伤的；D.abnormal不正常的。根据前文“WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.”以及后文“she’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood.”可知，Sheppard在40多岁失明时哭了，后文提到她从小部分失聪，因此此处表示“难道她从小部分失聪还不够吗”。故选A。22．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场挣扎以及随之而来的偏见并没有打败她，反而让她变得坚强。A.comment评论；B.separation分离；C.prejudice偏见；D.sympathy同情。根据后文“didn’tdefeather”可知，应该是失明后遇到的偏见并没有打败她。故选C。23．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这场挣扎以及随之而来的偏见并没有打败她，反而让她变得坚强。A.different不同的；B.tough艰难的，坚强的；C.gentle温柔的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据后文的“but”可知，此处构成转折关系，前句强调失明并没有打败她，因此此处表示“而是让她更坚强”。故选B。24．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sheppard从小就是一个热情的舞者，但现在她非常害怕，以至于很少离开她的公寓。A.willingly愿意地；B.rarely几乎不，罕见地；C.constantly持续地；D.occasionally偶尔地。根据前文的“scared”可知，Sheppard失明后，非常害怕所以她很少离开公寓。故选B。25．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心自己在世人面前的形象。A.sound听起来；B.relate相关；C.appear出现，露面；D.reply回复。根据下文“totheworld”可知，此处表示她担心自己出现在世人面前的形象，表示“出现”用appear。故选C。26．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很艰难，Sheppard后来还是强迫自己出去了。A.educated教育；B.permitted允许；C.reminded提醒；D.forced强迫。根据前文“Sheworriedaboutthewayshewould______totheworld.”以及后文“goout”可知，她极不情愿出门，但是后来迫使自己出去。故选D。27．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她申请在那里教书。A.guaranteed保证；B.prepared准备；C.plotted密谋；D.applied应用，申请。根据前文“At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaughtherfirstdancingclass.(61岁时，Sheppard参加了Visions为盲人组织的一个营地，在那里她教了她的第一堂舞蹈课)”可知，因为在营地教课的经历，她申请在营地教学。故选D。28．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她被拒绝了。A.interrupted打断；B.evaluated评价；C.declined拒绝；D.abandoned抛弃。根据下文“Aboutfouryearslater”和“thatVisionshiredhertobeonstaff”可知，她刚开始是被拒绝了，四年后才被聘请为员工，故选C。29．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很快说服Visions，可以让她自愿在那教书。A.temporary临时的；B.regular定期的，常规的；C.weekly每周的；D.voluntary自愿的。根据前文“Butshewas______.”可知，她申请在那教学，被拒绝之后她说服Visions让她在那里自愿地授课。故选D。30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约四年后，她的课程大受欢迎，Visions聘请她为员工。A.popularity欢迎；B.encouragement鼓励；C.assistance协助；D.advantage优势。根据后文“thatVisionshiredhertobeonstaff.”可知，她教学非常受欢迎，才会被Visions聘请为员工。故选A。31．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sheppard的学生大多是老年人，他们成年后视力就恶化了。A.recovered恢复；B.worsened恶化；C.improved提升；D.adjusted调整。根据前文“Sheppard’sstudentsweremostlyseniorswhoseeyesight”可知，失明的Sheppard的学生大多是老年人，这些学生们成年后视力就恶化了。故选B。32．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sheppard在对他们的赞扬中建立了信心，同时也向他们灌输尊严和独立。A.drilled钻研；B.pressed挤；C.swept清扫；D.made制作。根据下文“dignityandindependenceintothem”可知，此处表示“向学员们灌输尊严和独立”，drillsth.intosb.为固定短语，意为“向某人灌输……”，故选A。33．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了将运动与她的信仰结合起来，Sheppard成立了一个名为TheBlindSisterhood的组织。A.setup建立；B.openedup打开；C.tookon呈现；D.puton穿上。根据后文的“TheBlindSisterhood”可知，Sheppard成立了一个名为TheBlindSisterhood的组织。故选A。34．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对生活中的种种障碍，她保持身心健康的诀窍是什么？A.purpose目的；B.wish希望，祝福；C.recipe食谱，诀窍；D.effort努力。根据后文““Keepitmoving!””可知，面对生活的种种障碍，她保持身心健康的诀窍是保持前进。故选C。35．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面对生活中的种种障碍，她保持身心健康的诀窍是什么？A.rewards奖励；B.blessings祝福；C.surprises惊喜；D.barriers障碍。根据第一段“WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s”可知，Sheppard失明，即生活中即使有种种阻碍，但是她依旧保持身心健康。故选D。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinahasscaleduppolicytoprotectandrestoretheenvironmentaroundtheYangtzeRiver,putting___36___placemeasurestotreatindustrialandagriculturalpollutantsandprotectgrasslandsandwetlands.Apolicydocument___37___(joint)releasedby17centralgovernmentdepartmentspromisestoprioritizeeffortandadopta___38___(comprehension)wayofconservingtheYangtzeRiverBasinarea.Thepolicydocumentfollowsa10-yearfishingbanintheYangtzeenactedbythegovernmentin2020inresponseto___39___(decline)biodiversity.DespiteimprovementstotheYangtze’swaterquality,theriseofnon-pointsourcepollution___40___(emerge)asamajorprobleminrecentyears.Thedocumentstressestheneedforasystemicapproach,___41___wi