重庆市乌江新高考协作体2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题-1

20232024学年(上)期末学业质量联合调研抽测高二英语试题(分数：150分，时间：120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemanbuyforhisfather?A.Ahat.B.Acard.C.Ashirt.2.HowwillTomknowiftheschooliscanceled?A.Byaskinghismother.B.Bywatchingthesnow.C.BycheckingtheTVnews.3.Wherewasthemanborn?A.InAmerica.B.InEngland.C.InCanada.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Annamaynothavetime.B.Annaisatherbrother’shouse.C.Annashouldinvitehimtodinner.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemusicfestivalthisyear?A.It’stoofaraway.B.It’stooexpensive.C.It’stoocrowded.第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。6.HowmanyfiftiesdidFredstartwith?A.Two.B.Five.C.Ten.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inamathclass.C.Inagrocerystore.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。8.Whoinvitedthewomantotheparty?A.Michael.B.Michael’ssister.C.Michael’sbrother.9.WhatisthemangoingtogetforMichael?A.AnewCDplayer.B.Somerecords.C.Severalbaseballcards.10.Whycan’tthewomandecidewhattogetforMichael?A.Sheforgetswhathelikes.B.Sheonlyhasalittlemoney.C.Shedoesn’tknowhimwell.听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。11.WhatwillJudydothisafternoon?A.SendPeterabrochure.B.Designsomemodels.C.Attendameeting.12.WhydoesPetermakethephonecall?A.Toordersomemachines.B.Toaskforcoloredpictures.C.Tochangethedeliverytime.13.Whenwillthespeakerssigntheagreement?A.Thisevening.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Atnoontomorrow.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman’swife.B.Theman’sdoctor.C.Theman’spersonaltrainer.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Joinabasketballteam.B.Organizeasportsteam.C.Teachhighschoolsports.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodofirst?A.Stopeatingicecream.B.Haveamedicalexamination.C.Eatmorefruitandvegetables.17.Whydoesthewomansuggestthemanexercisemore?A.Toloseweight.B.Topreventaheartattack.C.Tostrengthenhismuscles.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Howdidtheoldwoman’scookiesbeefamous?A.Shestartedagoodcookiebusiness.B.Shegavethemtochildrenforfree.C.Shebakedtheminaspecialkitchen.19.Whydidthechildrenhelptheoldwomanatfirst?A.Theoldwomanwastoobusy.B.Theirparentswantedthemtodoso.C.Theywantedtogetsomeexperience.20.Whatdidthechildrendowhentheoldwomangotsick?A.Theycookedfoodforher.B.Theytookturnslookingafterher.C.Theysoldcookiestopaythedoctor.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAtthisselectionoffivemuseums,moreFrenchwillbeheardandvisitorsmightfeelasenseofsatisfactionwhenknowingtheyhavearrivedataplacethatnativeParisiansalsoenjoywhengoingonatrip.MuseumofNaturalHistoryBeingamustseespotinthemuseumatpresent,theGrandGalleryofEvolutiondatesbacktothe1880s.Originallyplayingasazoologybuilding,itreopenedtothepublicin1994afterdecadesofignorance.Theentiremuseumdisplaysmorethan9,000preservedanimalsandinsects.MuseumofMusicThemuseum’scollectioncoverscenturiesofEuropeanclassicalmusicandinstruments,withdecoratedpianosandhundredsofhornsandstringinstruments.Liveperformancestakeplaceinthegalleriesofthemuseumeveryday.ThemuseumprovidestwoversionsofitsEnglishlanguageaudioguide,oneforchildrenandtheotherforadults.FairgroundArtMuseumAtthismuseum,guidesdescribethehistoryofEurope’stravelingfairsandexplainsignsthatidentifytheoriginofthecountrywithacarouselhorse.Reserveyourticketsinadvanceonthemuseum’swebsite.ToursinFrenchareofferedseveraldaysaweekallyearround,andEnglishlanguagetoursareofferedinthesummermonths.MuseumofArtsandCraftsItwasfoundedduringtheFrenchRevolutiontoshowitsadvancedscienceandtechnologiesandhassincereceivedconstantupdates.Earlyplanes,includingthefirsttocrosstheEnglishChannel,hangfromtheceilingofonebuilding.Thecollectionhasahugerange,withantiquecars,earlyenginesandelements(元素)usedintheconstructionoftheStatueofLiberty.MuseumofMagicEachvisittothismuseumbeginswithashortperformanceofsimpletricks,followedbyaguidedtourofthemagictoolsandobjectsondisplayinthose16thcenturybasements.ThistourcurrentlytakesplaceinFrench,soEnglishspeakingvisitorsmaywanttoexploreontheirownwiththehelpofEnglishlanguageguidebooksavailableattheentrance.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheGrandGalleryofEvolution?A.Itwasonceinaccessibletothepublic.B.Itwasfirstbuiltaround30yearsago.C.Itstudiesallkindsofwildlifeinnature.D.Itshowsseveralthousandplantspecies.2.WhatsuggestionisgiventovisitorstotheFairgroundArtMuseum?A.Chooseaproperguideforyourtravel.B.LearnsomeFrenchbeforeyourtravel.C.KnowthehistoryofFranceinadvance.D.Bookticketsbeforehandatpropertime.3.WhatcanweinferabouttheMuseumofArtsandCrafts?AItkeepsmanyoldcollections.B.Itstillkeepsitsoriginallook.C.ItonlyprovidesFrenchspeakingguides.D.It’samuseumaboutmagictoolsandobjects.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五个精选的博物馆，介绍了其相关的信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“MuseumofNaturalHistory”部分中的“Beingamustseespotinthemuseumatpresent,theGrandGalleryofEvolutiondatesbacktothe1880s.Originallyplayingasazoologybuilding,itreopenedtothepublicin1994afterdecadesofignorance.(进化大画廊的历史可以追溯到19世纪80年代，是目前博物馆必看的景点。它最初是作为一个动物学建筑，它在被忽视了几十年后于1994年重新向公众开放。)”可知，进化大画廊曾经不对外开放，1994年才重新向公众开放。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“FairgroundArtMuseum”部分中的“Reserveyourticketsinadvanceonthemuseum’swebsite.(在博物馆的网站上提前订票。)”可知，参观露天艺术博物馆的游客要在博物馆的网站上提前订票。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“MuseumofArtsandCrafts”部分中的“Earlyplanes,includingthefirsttocrosstheEnglishChannel,hangfromtheceilingofonebuilding.Thecollectionhasahugerange,withantiquecars,earlyenginesandelements(元素)usedintheconstructionoftheStatueofLiberty.(早期的飞机，包括第一架跨越英吉利海峡的飞机，都悬挂在一座建筑的天花板上。藏品种类繁多，有古董汽车、早期发动机和建造自由女神像所用的元素。)”可知，工艺美术博物馆中收藏了很多古老的藏品。故选A。BMygenerationpeoplebornafter1990areaccustomedto“allinplatform”life,whereweusemobileappsofdifferentplatformstodoalmosteverythinginlife.Forinstance,IorderedacupofcoffeeonMondayusinganonlinedeliveryapp.Then,Icalledataxibytappingontheappofaridebookingservice.Next,IboughtsomenecessitiesonshoppingplatformTaobao.Thatdone,Imovedontovariousotheronlinedestinationstogetmydailyfixofmusic,reading,socialnetworkingandsoforth.Platformsnowplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinalmostallaspectsofdaytodaylife,notjustineconomicandpoliticalprocesses.Consumptionandsocialinteractionarecloselylinkedtoplatformsnow.But,Ibegantogetconfusedrecently.IthoughtIwasbeingtreateddifferently.MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaridehailingplatform(打车平台)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.Thepriceindicatedonmyphonewashigher.OneofthepotentialreasonscouldhavebeenthatIregularlyusetheridehailingplatformandhaveahigherrankingwhilemyfrienddoesn’tuseitthatoften.So,theridehailingplatformoffersdiscountstonewbieslikeher,toattractandhavesuchcustomers.China’slatesteffortsinregulatingmonopolistic(垄断的)orimpropermarketbehaviorareofgreatsignificanceinprotectingconsumers’lawfulrights.“Theessenceofplatformbasedmonopoly(垄断)isthatalargenumberofusersaregatheredononlyaselectfewplatformpanies,leadingtounevendatagatheringdifferentplatforms.ButinChinasomeplatformsusetheirowndataandtraffic(流量)toexpandcapitalinadisorderlyway,”saidWangYong,deputydirectoroftheInstituteofEconomicsatTinghuaUniversity.Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforconsumersplatformsblocklinkstoeachother.Forinstance,linktoWeChatPayofTencentisnotavailableonAlibuba’sTaobaowhilethereisnoAlipaylinkonJDapp’spaymentoptions.“Moreeffortsshouldalsobemadetostrikeagoodbalancebetweenpersonalinformationprotectionandinterconnectionbetweenplatforms.paniesarebeingencouragedtofurtherdevelopdatasafetytechnologysothatthedataareavailablebutnotvisible.”4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingPara.2?A.Tooffersometipsonusingappsonmobilephone.B.Tosharehisexperiencewithmobileapps.C.Tofurtherexplainwhatis“allinplatform”life.D.Tohelpreadersfamiliarizethemselveswithmobileapps.5.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Theauthorencounteredsocalled“bigdatapricediscrimination”.B.Theauthorandhisfriendweretreateddifferentlybytaxidrivers.C.Duetotheauthor’shigherranking,theplatformofferedhimacheaperprice.D.Theridehailingplatformoffersdiscountstoregularcustomers.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdatamonopoly?A.Sympathetic. B.Approving. C.Critical. D.Grateful.7.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Datamonopoliesandtheinconveniencetheybringtomobileapplife.B.Mobileappshavegreatlychangedourlives.C.Howtoprotectpersonalinformationonmobileapps.D.Platformshaveimpactedeveryaspectofourdailylives.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数据垄断及其给移动应用生活带来的不便。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Mygeneration—peoplebornafter1990—areaccustomedto‘allinplatform’life,whereweusemobileappsofdifferentplatformstodoalmosteverythinginlife.(我们这代人——90后——已经习惯了‘全平台’的生活，我们使用不同平台的移动应用程序来做生活中的几乎所有事情)”和第二段内容“Forinstance,IorderedacupofcoffeeonMondayusinganonlinedeliveryapp.Then,Icalledataxibytappingontheappofaridebookingservice.Next,IboughtsomenecessitiesonshoppingplatformTaobao.Thatdone,Imovedontovariousotheronlinedestinationstogetmydailyfixofmusic,reading,socialnetworkingandsoforth.(例如，我在周一用在线快递应用订购了一杯咖啡。接下来，我在购物平台淘宝上买了一些生活必需品。做完这些之后，我转向其他各种各样的在线目的地，以获得我每天需要的音乐、阅读、社交网络等等)”可推知，作者写第2段的目的是为了进一步解释什么是“全平台”生活。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“IthoughtIwasbeingtreateddifferently.MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaridehailingplatform(打车平台)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.(我认为我被区别对待了。我和朋友在一个叫车平台上同时叫了一辆出租车，发现同一个目的地的价格是不同的)”可知，到同一目的地，作者的显示的价格比朋友高，作者被区别对待，这说明作者遇到了所谓的“大数据价格歧视”。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“China’slatesteffortsinregulatingmonopolisticorimpropermarketbehaviorareofgreatsignificanceinprotectingconsumers'lawfulrights.(中国对垄断和不正当市场行为的规制，对保护消费者合法权益具有重要意义)”以及第七段中“Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforumers—platformsblocklinkstoeachother.(数据垄断还给消费者带来了另一个不便——平台之间会屏蔽链接)”可知，作者认为数据垄断给消费者带来了不便，这种行为需要规制，由此可推知，作者对数据垄断持有批判的态度。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“MyfriendandIcalledataxiatthesametimeonaridehailingplatform(打车平台)andfoundthatforthesamedestination,thepricesweredifferent.Thepriceindicatedonmyphonewashigher.(我和我的朋友同时叫了一辆出租车平台上，发现同样的目的地，价格是不同的。我上显示的价格更高)”，第六段中“Theessenceofplatformbasedmonopoly(垄断)isthatalargenumberofusersaregatheredononlyaselectfewplatformpanies,leadingtounevendatagatheringdifferentplatforms.(平台垄断的本质是将大量的用户集中在少数几个平台公司，导致不同平台收集的数据不均衡)”和第七段中“Datamonopolyalsobroughtanotherinconvenienceforumers—platformsblocklinkstoeachother.(数据垄断还给消费者带来了另一个不便——平台之间会屏蔽链接)”可知，本文主要介绍了数据垄断及其给移动应用生活带来的不便。故选A项。CPeoplewhohavetroublewalkingormovingaroundoftenhaveahardtimeenjoyingthebeach.ButhundredsofbeachesinGreecenowofferanewwayforpeopleinwheelchairstogetintothewaterbythemselves.It’scalledSeatrac.Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingramp(坡道)thatcancarryadisabledpersonintothesea.Itisoperatedbyremote(远程的)control.Onceinthesea,thepersoncaneitherremaininthechair,enjoyingthewater,orgoforaswim.Whenthepersonisreadytogetoutofthewater,theSeatracsystembringsthechairbacktothetoptheramp.SeatracwasinventedanddevelopedinGreece.Whenoneoftheinventors,IgnatiosFotiou,wastalkingwithafriendwhousedawheelchair,thefriendsaidheenjoyedthesea,butdidn’tlikehavingtobecarriedintotheocean.MrFotiourealizedtheremustbeawaytomakeiteasierforwheelchairuserstogetintothewater.MrFotiouworkedwithhispartnerandaprofessorataGreekuniversitytodesignthesystem.Finnally,theyformedapanycalledTOBEAtobuildandsellthesystems.Thepanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpleenoughtobeputinplaceandeasytorun.AwoodenwalkwayallowswheerchairuserstoreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemusessolar(太阳能的)power.Itdoesn’trequireoutsidepower,andcancontinuetoruneveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheSeatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhentheswimmingseasonends.TheSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cypris,Italy,andLatvia.TOBEAhopestoofferSeatracinothercountries.TOBEAhascreatedawebsiteshowingwherebeacheswiththesespecialservicescanbefound.TheGreekgovenmenthopesthatSeatracwillhelpattractmoretouriststothecountry.8.WhatisSeatracabletodo?A.Watchoutofthedisabledinthesea.B.Choosethesuitablebeachforthedisabled.C.Helpthedisabledgetinandoutoftheseasafely.D.Enablethedisabledtomovearoundthebeachfreely.9.WhatmadeMrFotioudecidetodevelopSeatrac?A.Hispartner’sadvice. B.Hisloveforthesea.C.hiswishtostartapany. D.Thedifficultyhisfriendfaced.10.WhatdoestheauthormentionabouttheSeatracsystem?A.Itisbeingmorepopular. B.Itshouldbewellprotected.C.Itneedstobefullyintroducedtothepublic. D.Itisenvironmentallyfriendlyandconvenient.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ExpectationsforSeatrac. B.ThepracticalapplicationofSeatrac.C.ThepopularityofSeatrac. D.SpecialservicesSeatracprovides.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了希腊发明的一种名为Seatrac的系统，该系统能够帮助使用轮椅的人士更轻松地进入海水中享受游泳。文章介绍了Seatrac系统的原理和功能，系统的应用范围和优势。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingramp(坡道)thatcancarryadisabledpersonintothesea.(Seatrac基本上是一个移动坡道上的椅子，可以把残疾人带到海里)”可知，Seatrac系统能帮助残疾人安全进出大海。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenoneoftheinventors,IgnatiosFotiou,wastalkingwithafriendwhousedawheelchair,thefriendsaidheenjoyedthesea,butdidn’tlikehavingtobecarriedintotheocean.MrFotiourealizedtheremustbeawaytomakeiteasierforwheelchairuserstogetintothewater.(其中一位发明者IgnatiosFotiou在和一位坐轮椅的朋友聊天时，这位朋友说他喜欢大海，但不喜欢被人抬进海里。福蒂欧意识到，一定有一种方法能让轮椅使用者更容易下水)”可知，朋友遇到的困难让Fotiou产生了发明Seatrac的想法。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thepanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpleenoughtobeputinplaceandeasytorun.AwoodenwalkwayallowswheerchairuserstoreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemusessolar(太阳能的)power.Itdoesn’trequireoutsidepower,andcancontinuetoruneveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheSeatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhentheswimmingseasonends.(该公司努力使该系统简单到位，易于运行。木制走道允许轮椅使用者到达Seatrac。该系统使用太阳能发电。它不需要外部电源，即使停电也能继续运行。当游泳季节结束时，Seatrac系统可以很容易地打包并储存起来)”可推知，Seatrac系统既环保又方便。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“TheSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cypris,Italy,andLatvia.TOBEAhopestoofferSeatracinothercountries.TOBEAhascreatedawebsiteshowingwherebeacheswiththesespecialservicescanbefound.TheGreekgovenmenthopesthatSeatracwillhelpattractmoretouriststothecountry.(Seatrac系统正在希腊、塞浦路斯、意大利和拉脱维亚的220多个海滩上使用。TOBEA希望在其他国家提供Seatrac服务。TOBEA创建了一个网站，展示了提供这些特殊服务的海滩。希腊政府希望Seatrac能帮助吸引更多的游客)”可知，最后一段主要讲了对Seatrac的期望。故选A。DAtomicshapesaresosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownanyfurther.Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyetunknownatomicshapes.TomCoatesatImperialCollegeLondonandhiscolleaguesareworkingtoclassifyatomicshapesknownasFanovarietieswhicharesosimplethattheycan’tbebrokendownintosmallerponents.Justaschemistsarrangedelementsintheperiodictablebytheiratomicweightandgrouptorevealnewinsights,theresearchershopethatorganizingtheseatomicshapesbytheirvariouspropertieswillhelpinunderstandingthem.Theteamhasgiveneachatomicshapeasequenceofnumbersbasedonitsfeaturessuchasthenumberofholesithasortheextenttowhichitbendsarounditself.Thisactsasabarcode(条形码)toidentifyit.CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.TheteammemberAlexanderKasprzykattheUniversityofNottingham,UK,saysthattheAIhaslettheteamorganizeatomicshapesinawaythatbeginstofollowtheperiodictable,sothatwhenyoureadfromlefttoright,orupanddown,thereseemtobegeneralpatternsinthegeometry(几何)oftheshapes.GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas.“AIhasdefinitelygotunbelievableabilities.Butinthesamewaythattelescopes(望远镜)don’tputastronomersoutofwork,AIdoesn’tputmathematiciansoutofwork,”hesays.“Itjustgivesusnewbackingthatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach.”Theteamhopestoimprovethemodeltothepointwheremissingspacesinitsperiodictablecouldpointtotheexistenceofunknownshapes.12.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingaperiodictableofshapes?A.Togaindeeperinsightsintotheatomicshapes.B.TocreateanAItopredicttheunknownshapes.C.Tobreakdownatomicshapesintosmallerparts.D.Toarrangechemicalelementsintheperiodictable.13.Whatcanthebarcodeofeachatomicshapetellus?A.Itsholes. B.Itsbends.C.Itsatomicweight. D.Itsproperties.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backing”inparagraph5mean?A.Design. B.Help. C.Duty. D.Threat.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThankstoAInewatomicshapeshavebeendiscovered.B.MathematiciansturntoAItocreatemoreatomicshapes.C.AIhelpsbuildarelationshipbetweenchemistryandmaths.D.AperiodictableofshapescanbebuiltwiththehelpofAI.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了原子形状是如此简单以至于它们不能被进一步分解。人工智能正在帮助数学家建立一个形状的周期表。【12题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyetunknownatomicshapes.(数学家们正试图求助于人工智能来构建这些形状的元素周期表，希望它能帮助寻找未知的原子形状)”可知，建立形状周期表的目的是为了更深入地了解原子的形状。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“CoatesandhiscolleagueshavenowcreatedanAIthatcanpredictcertainpropertiesoftheseshapesfromtheirbarcodenumbersalone,withanaccuracyof98percent.(科茨和他的同事现在创造了一种人工智能，仅从条形码数字就可以预测这些形状的某些特性，准确率为98%)”可知，每个原子形状的条形码能告诉我们它的属性。故选D。【14题详解】词义猜测题。文章倒数第二段讲到“GrahamNibloattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,stressesthathumanswillstillneedtounderstandtheresultsprovidedbyAIandcreateproofsoftheseideas(英国南安普顿大学的GrahamNiblo强调，人类仍然需要理解人工智能提供的结果，并为这些想法提供证据)”以及划线单词后文“thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach(这使我们能够探索数学景观中遥不可及的部分)”可知，人工智能在人类探索数学景观中能起到帮助的作用，第五段中带下划线的单词的句子 Itjustgivesusnew

backing

thatallowsustoexplorepartsofthemathematicallandscapethatareoutofreach的意思是：它只是给了我们新的支持，让我们能够探索数学景观中遥不可及的部分。因此划线单词的意思与“帮助”接近。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了原子形状是如此简单以至于它们不能被进一步分解。人工智能正在帮助数学家建立一个形状的周期表。文章第一段讲到“Mathematiciansaretryingtoturntoartificialintelligence(AI)forhelptobuildaperiodictableoftheseshapes,hopingitwillassistinfindingyetunknownatomicshapes.(数学家们正试图求助于人工智能来构建这些形状的元素周期表，希望它能帮助寻找未知的原子形状。)”可知，这篇文章的中心思想是：在人工智能的帮助下，可以建立形状周期表。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.____16____Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou’renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.____17____Engageinvolunteerwork.____18____ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicineshowedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.____19____Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.Laugh.____20____A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.A.Avoidpollutedair.B.Engageinindooractivities.C.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascularhealth.D.Readthefollowingtipstomakeyourlifefilledwithhappiness.E.Doinggoodforothershelpsyourselfesteemandrelievesstress.F.Itreducesstressanddepression,anditmayalsoserveasaminiworkout.G.Actually,asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpact.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一些帮助预防早发性心脏病的建议。【16题详解】前文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.(多达80%的早发性心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防。一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的。但你可能没有想到其他策略。)”讲述了可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防大部分早发性心脏病，这些策略中有的是众所周知的，而有的则不是。再结合下文内容可知，空处应承上启下，讲述要改变日常生活方式。G项“事实上，你日常生活中的一个小变化可能会产生巨大的影响。”符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】前文“Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.(如果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平。)”讲述了睡眠不足时身体的某些方面会出现的一些反应，空处应承接上文，讲述这些因素对心脏产生的后果，C项“这些因素都会对心血管健康产生影响。”符合题意，“Thesefactors”指代上文中的“bloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels”。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段主旨句“Engageinvolunteerwork.(参与志愿者工作。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要参与志愿者工作，空格处的句子应该说这样做的好处。E项“为他人做好事有助于自尊并减轻压力。”符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】结合上下文可知，空处是本段小标题。根据后文“Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.(尽量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，当空气质量指数较差时，多待在室内。正如各种研究所表明的那样，对于已经有其他心血管风险——如高血压——的人来说，即使是短时间的暴露也是不健康的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要远离被污染的空气，A项“避免污染空气。”符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】根据本段小标题“Laugh.(笑。)”和后文“A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.(《流行病学杂志》2016年对20000多名65岁以上的人进行的一项研究发现，那些每天报告都笑的人患心血管疾病的几率较低。)”可知，空处应说的是笑对健康有好处，F项“它可以减轻压力和抑郁，也可以作为一种迷你锻炼。”符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aliceisastudentwhocametomyclasslastyear.Thoughshehasalreadyturned60,Alicelookssofitand___21___withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude.IamAlice’steacherinclass,butIfeelsheismyteacherinlife.Formy2hourclasseverySaturdaymorning,Alicehastotakea3hourroundtripontheroad.Butsheisnever___22___forclass.AliceisverypassionateaboutlearningEnglish.Sheoftensays,“Don’t___23___measa60yearold.Iamjustanewbeginnerwhowantstolearnanything___24___.Youknow,Iamveryexcitedtoetotheclass!”SoIfeelastrongsenseof___25___tomakesurewhatIteachmakessensetoher.Alicecametomewithvery___26___Englishskills,butsheturnsouttobeaveryfastlearnerbecauseshealwaysputsEnglish___27___onadailybasis.I___28___herhomeworkbeforeeveryclass.HerhomeworkisusuallynotwhatI___29___fortheclass,ratheritissomethingthatshe___30___toputtogether.Shemakesvarioussentencesusingtheimportantwordsandphrasesshelearnedfromour___31___class.Iamalways___32___bythequalityofherwork.IfeelfortunatetohaveastudentlikeAlice.Shehas___33___mesomuch.Our___34___isagreatlearningexperienceforbothofus.ThoughIhavenoideawhyshelearnsEnglish,IhopeIcanhelpher___35___herdream,whateveritis.21.A.strong B.cheerful C.generous D.proud22.A.anxious B.ready C.late D.meant23.A.treat B.recognize C.mistake D.describe24.A.carefully B.obviously C.regularly D.eagerly25.A.humor B.achievement C.responsibility D.belonging26.A.special B.basic C.effective D.official27.A.inplace B.inmotion C.inorder D.inuse28.A.copy B.check C.mention D.prepare29.A.revised B.saved C.arranged D.collected30.A.volunteers B.agrees C.promises D.hesitates31.A.lively B.former C.suitable D.senior32.A.encouraged B.annoyed C.confused D.impressed33.A.taught B.challenged C.guaranteed D.permitted34.A.appointment B.determination C.interaction D.cooperation35.A.playsafewith B.tryoutfor C.letgoof D.getcloserto【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的一名学生，60岁的老人Alice，心态积极乐观，学习主动认真，从Alice身上，作者学到许多人生道理。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然爱丽丝已经60岁了，但她看起来很健康，很快乐，有灿烂的笑容和热情的态度。A.strong强壮的；B.cheerful高兴的；C.generous慷慨的；D.proud骄傲的。根据后文“withabrightsmileandanenthusiasticattitude”可知，Alice心态非常乐观，所以是快乐的。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她上课从不迟到。A.anxious焦虑的；B.ready准备好的；C.late迟到的；D.meant原本打算的。根据前文“Formy2hourclasseverySaturdaymorning,Alicehastotakea3hourroundtripontheroad.”以及本句中“Butsheisnever”转折语义可知，Alice从不迟到。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要把我当成60岁的老人。A.treat把……看作；B.recognize辨认出；C.mistake误会；D.describe描述。根据上一句“Aliceisverypassionateaboutlear