【英语】山西省太原市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末学业诊断试题(解析版)

成就未来，新教育伴你成长联系电话：400-186-9786山西省太原市2023-2024学年高三上学期期末学业诊断英语试题第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsanalternativetogoingstraightfromhighschooltocollege,manyyoungadultsaretakingagapyearasachancetotravel,volunteerorexplorenewskills.We’veroundedupaselectionofsomeofthetopgapyearprograms,whichwillhelpyougetstartedsearchingforyourperfectpost-graduationexperience.TheLeapAsaUK-basedorganization,itoffersvolunteertraveloptionsinbothgroup-structuredandindependentplans.TheLeapcreatesamazinghands-onopportunitiestotravelwhileworkingonsustainabilityprojects,suchasrepairingcoralreefsinSouthAfricaorconservationeffortsonthebeachesandforestsinCostaRica.Theorganizationisresponsibleforhalftuitioncosts.WorkawayWorkawayencouragesculturalexchangethroughwork,fromworkingonafarminBritishColumbiatoteachingarttochildreninPeru.Livingexpenseswillbeprovidedaslongasyoungadultsworkthere.Thiscanbeagoodoptiontogainsomenewskillsandseetheworldforfree.HabitatforHumanity(HFH)Thisnonprofitorganizationoffersfull-yearservicepositionsatlocalhabitatorganizationsacrosstheUS.Inthisprogram,participantscanlearnanddevelopnewskillswhileservingacriticalroleinhelpingHFHbuild,createorimprovehomesforthoseinneed.Thereisasmalllivingallowanceforthosewhoqualify.WhereThereBeDragons(WTBD)WTBDhassomeofthemostin-depthforeigntravelprogramsavailable.Itofferspoliticalscience,history,sustainability,economicsandlanguageimmersioninremotelocalsaswellasthoseclosertohome.WTBDofferscollegecreditsaspartoftheirprograms.Thisprogramisoneofthemostexpensiveoptions,butfinancialaidisavailable.1.WhatdoestheprogramofTheLeapfocuson?A.Culturalexchange. B.Handicraft-making.C.Individualplanning. D.Environmentalprojects.2.Whatdothesefourprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyoperateingroups. B.Theyoffercollegecredits.C.Theyprovidefinancialaid. D.TheyareconductedintheUK.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Travelenthusiasts. B.Highschoolgraduates.C.Charityorganizers. D.Collegeteachers.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。介绍了关于“间隔年”的几个顶级项目，旨在为即将毕业的高中生或大学生提供一种替代直接升学的选择。【答案】1.D2.C3.B【1题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题TheLeap下的“TheLeapcreatesamazinghands-onopportunitiestotravelwhileworkingonsustainabilityprojects,suchasrepairingcoralreefsinSouthAfricaorconservationeffortsonthebeachesandforestsinCostaRica.(Leap为从事可持续发展项目提供了令人惊叹的实践机会，例如修复南非的珊瑚礁或哥斯达黎加的海滩和森林保护工作)”可知，Leap计划的重点是环境项目。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题TheLeap下的“Theorganizationisresponsibleforhalftuitioncosts.(该组织承担一半的学费)”；根据小标题Workaway下的“Thiscanbeagoodoptiontogainsomenewskillsandseetheworldforfree.(这是一个很好的选择，可以获得一些新技能，并免费看看世界)”；根据小标题HabitatforHumanity(HFH)下的“Thereisasmalllivingallowanceforthosewhoqualify.(有资格的人有少量的生活津贴)”以及小标题WhereThereBeDragons(WTBD)下的“Thisprogramisoneofthemostexpensiveoptions,butfinancialaidisavailable.(这个项目是最昂贵的选择之一，但可以获得经济援助)”可知，这四个项目的共同点是他们提供经济援助。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Asanalternativetogoingstraightfromhighschooltocollege,manyyoungadultsaretakingagapyearasachancetotravel,volunteerorexplorenewskills.We’veroundedupaselectionofsomeofthetopgapyearprograms,whichwillhelpyougetstartedsearchingforyourperfectpost-graduationexperience.(作为从高中直接进入大学的另一种选择，许多年轻人利用间隔年作为旅行、做志愿者或探索新技能的机会。我们收集了一些顶级的间隔年项目，这将帮助你开始寻找你完美的毕业后经历)”可知，本文是为即将毕业的高中生提供一种替代直接升学的选择。故选B项。BTakinganend-of-seasonbreaksoundssimple,right?Youmaythinkacarefreeweekspentonabeachiswhat’smostdesired.Butactuallymostathleteswouldspendhourstryingtoconvincetheircoachesthattheyreallydon'tneedtorestatall,subsequentlyfillingupalloftheirgiventimewithasmanyreplacementactivitiesaspossible.ThisyearIwasgivenaweek’sholidaybymycoachtoenjoyabsoluterelaxation.ForthefirstthreedaysIremainedhappilywrappedupinthesatisfactionofmylastraceresult,embracingpajamadays,takingallmorningjusttohavebreakfastandusingmysparetimetosocializemorethanIusuallydo.Iwasenjoyingit,andyet···Allthisrestingmademefeelrestless.ThencameThursday.Ilacedupmyshoesandheadedbacktothetrack.Thesimplepartofrestingisthephysicalactofit,butgiventhatIusuallytrainwithfocusandtension,learningtocheckoutmentallydoesn’talwayscomenaturallyafteraseason,especiallywhenI’monholiday.Afteraseasonwithgoodresults,somewell-meaningpeopleexcitedlyask“What'snext?”ItcanwanderinmymindandraisedoubtoverwhatIshouldbedoingaccordingtootherpeople’sopinions.InthiscaseItalkedtosomeexperiencedathletesandraisedmyconcern,oneofwhomsuggestedestablishingageneraloutlineofthenextseason’sgoalspriortoholidays.Ifindithelpful,notonlypreventingmefromfeelingrushedtogetbackintoworkoutstoosoonandgivingasenseofpurposetotherestitself,butalsoensuringthatIwillnotspendmybreakmakingplansbutallowmymindtoresttoo.Weallfearlosingthefitnessandtheachievementsthatweworkedsohardtogain,butinreality,takingtheappropriaterestandknowinghowtotakeitisahelp.Here’shopingthatI’llgetthebalancenextyear.ButifIdidn’t,atleastIwouldenjoymyself.4.Whatdomostathletesdoduringaholidayafteraseason?A.Negotiatewithcoaches. B.Doalternativeworkouts.C.Enjoyabsoluterelaxation. D.Traveltoaseasidedestination.5.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sholidayfromparagraph2?A.Itwascarefullyarranged. B.Itfollowedthecoach’splan.C.Itwasendedaheadofschedule. D.Itwasinterruptedbyunexpectedtasks.6.Whatistheauthor’srealneedduringthebreaktime?A.Mindrest. B.Physicalrecovery.C.Timemanagement. D.Professionalguidance.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SecretstoWinningonTracks B.PlansforNextSeason’sTrainingC.End-of-seasonBreak:ANewBeginning D.FromLegstoBrain:TrueRelaxationforAthletes【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讨论了运动员在赛季结束后如何休息的话题，作者通过自己的经历和与其他运动员的交流，提出了对于如何正确休息的看法和建议。【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butactuallymostathleteswouldspendhourstryingtoconvincetheircoachesthattheyreallydon'tneedtorestatall,subsequentlyfillingupalloftheirgiventimewithasmanyreplacementactivitiesaspossible.(但实际上，大多数运动员会花几个小时试图说服他们的教练，他们真的根本不需要休息，然后用尽可能多的替代活动填满他们所有的时间)”可知，大多数运动员在赛季结束后的假期都做一些另类的锻炼。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThisyearIwasgivenaweek’sholidaybymycoachtoenjoyabsoluterelaxation.ForthefirstthreedaysIremainedhappilywrappedupinthesatisfactionofmylastraceresult,embracingpajamadays,takingallmorningjusttohavebreakfastandusingmysparetimetosocializemorethanIusuallydo.Iwasenjoyingit,andyet···Allthisrestingmademefeelrestless.ThencameThursday.Ilacedupmyshoesandheadedbacktothetrack.(今年教练给了我一周的假期，让我好好放松一下。前三天，我一直沉浸在对最后一场比赛成绩的满意中，享受着穿着睡衣的日子，整个上午只吃早餐，利用业余时间比平时更多地参加社交活动。我很享受，但这一切让我感到不安。然后到了星期四。我系好鞋带，回到跑道上)”可推知，作者有一周的假期，但是在第四天他开始训练，所以是假期提前结束了。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thesimplepartofrestingisthephysicalactofit,butgiventhatIusuallytrainwithfocusandtension,learningtocheckoutmentallydoesn’talwayscomenaturallyafteraseason,especiallywhenI’monholiday.(休息最简单的部分是身体上的休息，但考虑到我通常都是集中精力和紧张地训练，在一个赛季之后，学会在精神上检查并不总是自然而然的，尤其是在我度假的时候)”可推知，作者在休息时间的真正需要是心灵休息。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Takinganend-of-seasonbreaksoundssimple,right?Youmaythinkacarefreeweekspentonabeachiswhat’smostdesired.(赛季结束休息一段时间听起来很简单，对吧?你可能认为在海滩上无忧无虑地度过一周是最理想的)”以及最后一段“Weallfearlosingthefitnessandtheachievementsthatweworkedsohardtogain,butinreality,takingtheappropriaterestandknowinghowtotakeitisahelp.Here’shopingthatI’llgetthebalancenextyear.ButifIdidn’t,atleastIwouldenjoymyself.(我们都害怕失去我们努力获得的健康和成就，但实际上，适当的休息和知道如何休息是有帮助的。我希望明年我能拿到余额。但就算我不喜欢，至少我也会玩得很开心)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何正确休息，所以D项“FromLegstoBrain:TrueRelaxationforAthletes(从腿到脑:运动员真正的放松)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。CThefirstwordonanancientRomanscrollcarbonizedbyMountVesuvius’eruptionin79C.E.hasrecentlybeendecoded,openingthedoortoeventuallydecodingtherestofthetextswhichhaven'tbeenreadinthepast2,000years.Thescroll,alongwithsome800scrollsunearthedintheancientRomancityofHerculaneum,looksmorelikeaburntlog.It’ssofragile(易碎的)thatitwouldfallapartifresearcherstriedtounrollit.Earlyattemptstounrollandreaditcausedirreversible(不可逆的)damageandnosuchattemptshavebeenmadesincethe19thcentury.BrentSeales,acomputerscientistfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasbeenperfectingCTscantechnologytoseewhat’sinsidethescrollswithoutactuallytouchingthem,aprocesshecalls“virtualunwrapping”.Becausecommonlytheinkcontainsmetal,itcanbeseenonSeales’CTscans.Unfortunately,theHerculaneumscrollswerewrittenincarbon-basedinkmadefromcharcoal(木炭)andwater.WhenSealesscannedthem,nothingappearedtothenakedeye.Earlierthisyear,Seales’teamlaunched“theVesuviusChallenge”,encouragingpeopletouseAItofurtherexploreresearchers’scans.InearlyAugust,acontestantcalledCaseyHandmergotarewardof$10,000forbeing“thefirstpersontofindsubstantial,convincingevidenceofinkwithintheunopenedscrolls.”Asafollow-up,a21-year-oldcomputersciencestudentLukeFarritordrewinspirationfromhisdiscoveryandcreatedamachine-learningalgorithm(算法)thatidentifiedtenclearlettersspelledastheEnglishword“purple”,markingthefirstdiveintoanunopenedancientbook.Thesediscoveriesarecriticalstepstowarddecodingtheremainingunopenedscrolls.“Some95percentofthematerialfromthisimportantphilosophicalperiodsofhumanityarelost,”saysRobertFowler,aclassicistattheUniversityofBristol.“Recoveringthemwouldtransformourknowledgeoftheancientworldinwayswecanhardlyimagine.TheimpactcouldbeasgreatastherediscoveryofmanuscriptsduringtheRenaissance,”headds.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethereasonwhythescrollhasbecomefragile?A.Itwasmadeofaburntlog. B.Itwasunearthed200yearsago.C.Itwasunrolledbysomeresearchers. D.Itwascarbonizedbyavolcaniceruption.9.WhywereSeales’scansunabletoreadHerculaneumscrolls?A.Becausethescrollswerewetwithwater.B.Becausethecarbon-basedinkdirtiedthescrolls.C.Becausethewritingmaterialcontainednometal.D.Becausevirtualwrappersweretouchedbyhands.10.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?A.Theinfluenceoftheresearch. B.Thefurtherplanstounrollthescrolls.C.Thereasonforlaunchingtheprogram. D.TheprocessofdecodingthetextwithAI.11.WhatdoesRobertFowlerthinkofthesediscoveries?A.Imaginary. B.Groundbreaking. C.Conventional. D.Unidentifiable.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。介绍了关于古罗马卷轴的一项科技进展，即使用CT扫描技术和人工智能来解码被碳化且易碎的卷轴上的文字，这些卷轴由于太过脆弱而不能被直接展开阅读。【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThefirstwordonanancientRomanscrollcarbonizedbyMountVesuvius’eruptionin79C.E.hasrecentlybeendecoded,openingthedoortoeventuallydecodingtherestofthetextswhichhaven'tbeenreadinthepast2,000years.(一份由公元79年维苏威火山喷发而碳化的古罗马卷轴上的第一个字最近被破译，这为最终破译在过去2000年里没有人读过的其他文本打开了大门)”以及第二段“Thescroll,alongwithsome800scrollsunearthedintheancientRomancityofHerculaneum,looksmorelikeaburntlog.It’ssofragile(易碎的)thatitwouldfallapartifresearcherstriedtounrollit.(与古罗马城市赫库兰尼姆出土的约800卷卷轴一起，这卷卷轴看起来更像是一根烧焦的木头。它非常脆弱，如果研究人员试图展开它，它就会分崩离析)”可知，它被火山喷发碳化了是卷轴变得易碎的原因。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Becausecommonlytheinkcontainsmetal,itcanbeseenonSeales’CTscans.Unfortunately,theHerculaneumscrollswerewrittenincarbon-basedinkmadefromcharcoal(木炭)andwater.WhenSealesscannedthem,nothingappearedtothenakedeye.(由于墨水通常含有金属，因此可以在Seales的CT扫描中看到。不幸的是，赫库兰尼姆卷轴是用木炭和水制成的碳基墨水书写的。当西尔斯扫描它们时，肉眼看不到任何东西)”可知，因为书写材料不含金属，所以Seales的扫描无法读取赫库兰尼姆卷轴。故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Earlierthisyear,Seales’teamlaunched“theVesuviusChallenge”,encouragingpeopletouseAItofurtherexploreresearchers’scans.InearlyAugust,acontestantcalledCaseyHandmergotarewardof$10,000forbeing“thefirstpersontofindsubstantial,convincingevidenceofinkwithintheunopenedscrolls.”Asafollow-up,a21-year-oldcomputersciencestudentLukeFarritordrewinspirationfromhisdiscoveryandcreatedamachine-learningalgorithm(算法)thatidentifiedtenclearlettersspelledastheEnglishword“purple”,markingthefirstdiveintoanunopenedancientbook.(今年早些时候，西尔斯的团队发起了“维苏威火山挑战”，鼓励人们使用人工智能来进一步探索研究人员的扫描。8月初，一位名叫CaseyHandmer的参赛者获得了1万美元的奖励，因为他是“第一个在未打开的卷轴中找到大量令人信服的墨水证据的人”。随后，21岁的计算机科学专业学生LukeFarritor从他的发现中获得灵感，创建了一个机器学习算法，该算法识别了拼写为英文单词“purple”的十个清晰字母，这标志着人们第一次深入研读未开封的古书)”可知，本段主要讲述了用人工智能解码文本的过程。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thesediscoveriesarecriticalstepstowarddecodingtheremainingunopenedscrolls.“Some95percentofthematerialfromthisimportantphilosophicalperiodsofhumanityislost,”saysRobertFowler,aclassicistattheUniversityofBristol.“Recoveringthemwouldtransformourknowledgeoftheancientworldinwayswecanhardlyimagine.TheimpactcouldbeasgreatastherediscoveryofmanuscriptsduringtheRenaissance,”headds.(这些发现是破译剩余未打开卷轴的关键一步。布里斯托尔大学的古典学家罗伯特·福勒说：“人类这一重要哲学时期95%的材料都遗失了。”“恢复它们将以我们难以想象的方式改变我们对古代世界的认识。其影响可能与文艺复兴时期手稿的重新发现一样大，”他补充道)”可知，罗伯特·福勒认为这些发现改变我们对古代世界的认识。其影响可能与文艺复兴时期手稿的重新发现一样大，所以是开创性的。故选B项。DHumanshavemovedspeciesofplantsandanimalsaround,introducingthemtonewhabitats,foraslongaswe’vebeenonEarth.Manyoftheseintroducedspecieshavebeenbeneficial,suchasEuropeanhoneybeesthathaveprovedtobeexcellentpollinators(传粉者)intheUS.Butthat’snotthecaseforEuropeanbeachgrassintroducedtosanddunes(堆)onthecoastofCalifornia.Beachgrasswasplantedtostabilizetheever-shiftingdunesanditworkedwell.Butthebeachgrassisusuallytheonlyspecieslivingonduneswherethereoncewerealargevarietyofnativegrassesandwildflowers.It’struethatnotallnon-nativespeciesbecomeinvasive,butthosethatdoadapttothelocalenvironment,spreadrapidlyandoutcompetenativewildlife,oftenduetotheabsenceofnaturalenemiesthatcankeeptheirpopulationincheck.ThespreadofinvasivespeciesleadstotheextinctionandbiodiversitylossonEarth,causingfinancialandecologicaldamage,accordingtotheleadingscientists.Somecampaignshavebeenlaunchedtoeradicateinvasivespecies,includingpesticidesspray,manualremovalandbiologicalcontrols.Interestingly,agrowingnumberofchefsandconservationistsevenhaveafarsimpleridea:Eatthemtobeatthem.Apartfromprovidingfavorablehabitatsforlocalspecies,perhapsthebestwaytofightinvasivespeciesistopreventthemfromoccurringinthefirstplace.Whenboating,cleantheboatthoroughlybeforetransportingittoadifferentbodyofwater.Don’t“packapest”whentravelling,forfruitandvegetables,plants,insectsandanimalscancarrypestsorbecomeinvasivethemselves.Ifyouplantoownanalienpet,doyourresearchandplanaheadtomakesureyoucancommittolookingafteritinsteadofreleasingitintothewild.Whenyoutransferanorganism,youcanalsotransferitsneighbors.Thinkbeforeyoumoveananimalorplantaround!12.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeinparagraph1?A.Introducedspeciesmaycauseunexpectedresults.B.Thebeachgrassledtothebiodiversityonthedunes.C.Humanshavealonghistoryofworkingwithnature.D.ThehoneybeeswereforcedoutofEuropebyhumans.13.Whathelpsnon-nativespeciesspreadquickly?A.Thebalancedecosystem. B.Thecompetitivenativewildlife.C.Theabsenceofnaturalenemies. D.Theextinctionofinvasivespecies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eradicate”inparagraph3mean?A.Increase. B.Introduce. C.Wipeout. D.Takeover.15.Whatcanpeopledotosolvetheproblemofinvasivespecies?A.Releaseorganismsintothewild. B.Providefavorablehabitatsforthem.C.Mindtheactsoftransferringspecies. D.Keepthewildlifepopulationincheck.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。入侵物种有时会带来意料之外的后果，给当地的生态和经济等都带来很大损失，人们尝试采取了各种各样的措施，而作者认为最好的办法就是从一开始就阻止物种入侵的发生。【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.C【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句“Manyoftheseintroducedspecieshavebeenbeneficial,suchasEuropeanhoneybeesthathaveprovedtobeexcellentpollinators(传粉者)intheUS.Butthat’snotthecaseforEuropeanbeachgrassintroducedtosanddunes(堆)onthecoastofCalifornia.(这些引进的物种中有许多是有益的，例如欧洲蜜蜂已被证明是美国优秀的传粉者。但欧洲的沙滩草被引入加州海岸的沙丘时，情况就不同了。)”可知，第一段中描述了引进的物种可能会造成意想不到的结果的现象。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It’struethatnotallnon-nativespeciesbecomeinvasive,butthosethatdoadapttothelocalenvironment,spreadrapidlyandoutcompetenativewildlife,oftenduetotheabsenceofnaturalenemiesthatcankeeptheirpopulationincheck.(的确，并不是所有的非本地物种都会成为入侵物种，但那些适应了当地环境的物种，传播迅速，比本地野生动物更具竞争力，这往往是由于缺乏可以控制其数量的天敌。)”可知，天敌的缺失助长了非本地物种的快速扩散。故选C。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“includingpesticidesspray,manualremovalandbiologicalcontrols(包括喷洒农药、人工清除和生物防治)”可知，此处是指消除入侵物种，所以eradicate意为“消除”。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Apartfromprovidingfavorablehabitatsforlocalspecies,perhapsthebestwaytofightinvasivespeciesistopreventthemfromoccurringinthefirstplace.(除了为本地物种提供有利的栖息地外，也许对抗入侵物种的最好方法是从一开始就阻止它们的发生。)”以及“Whenyoutransferanorganism,youcanalsotransferitsneighbors.Thinkbeforeyoumoveananimalorplantaround!”（当你转移一个有机体时，你也可以转移它的邻居。在你移动动物或植物之前先想一想!）可知，人们可以通过注意物种转移的行为来解决入侵物种的问题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多选项。答案写在答题卡上。Beingminimalistisaboutintentionallyreducingyourpossessionstotheitemsyouvaluemostandincreasingtheamountoftimeyouspendonthepeopleandactivitiesyoutrulyenjoy.Itcantakemanyforms.______16______.Thiswayyoucanoptimize(优化)yourlifetowardsideal.TryclearingawayyourpossessionsIfyouthinkhard,youwillrealizethatthephysicalthingsyouownarenotthemostimportantpartsofyourlife.Intiscaseyoucanclearawayallbutthemostessentialthingsinsweeps.Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeply._____17_____.Takeafewweekstolivewithoutthosethings.Atthesametime,noticeifthethingsyou'vekeptareservingyou._____18_____.Youmusthavemanyfriends,buthowmanyofthemarepeoplewhomotivateandinspireyoutogrowandlearn?Becomingminimalistmeansthatyouevaluatehowwelltheyfitintoyourideallifeandmaximizingyoursocialtimespentonpeoplewholiftyouup.Thenyoucanalsofreeupmoretimetospendonotherprioritiesinlife._____19_____.TaketimeforintrospectionIntrospection,whichmeansyousittingwithyourownthoughts,iswhatpeopleareterrifiedofinso“busy”aworld._____20_____.Youcanputyourphoneonsilent,turnofftheTVandblockoutdistractionsandjustsitwithyourthoughts.Youwillcomefacetofacewithsomeuncomfortabletruths.Butpushingthroughtotheothersideiswherethemagichappens.Eventhougheveryoneembracesminimalismdifferently,eachpathleadstothesameplace:amoremeaningfullifewithmoretimeandmorefreedom.Hopefullyyouwillgetthere.A.HavelesspossessionstoenjoymoreB.Anyway,youshouldmakespacetothinkC.PeopleareeagerforanotherwayoflivingD.ConsideryourlifestylearoundrelationshipsE.Getridofthingsthatyoudon'tneedanylongerF.It’sworthfocusingyourtimeonpeoplethatmatterG.Theimportantpartistofigureoutyourflavorofminimalism【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要探讨了极简主义的概念和实践方法，并鼓励读者通过减少物质拥有和优化人际关系来追求更有意义的生活。【答案】16.G17.E18.D19.F20.B【16题详解】根据空前“Itcantakemanyforms.(它可以有多种形式)”以及后文“Thiswayyoucanoptimize(优化)yourlifetowardsideal.(这样你就可以朝着理想的方向优化你的生活)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由很多方式过渡到开始优化你的生活，所以G项“Theimportantpartistofigureoutyourflavorofminimalism(重要的是找出你的极简主义风格)”符合文意，承接上文，引出下文。故选G项。【17题详解】根据前文“Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeply.(专注于你所珍视的东西)”以及后文“Takeafewweekstolivewithoutthosethings.(花几周的时间，远离这些东西)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，专注于你所珍视的东西到远离一些东西，所以E项“Getridofthingsthatyoudon'tneedanylonger(扔掉你不再需要的东西)”符合文意，承接上文，引出下文。故选E项。【18题详解】分析设空，为本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Youmusthavemanyfriends,buthowmanyofthemarepeoplewhomotivateandinspireyoutogrowandlearn?Becomingminimalistmeansthatyouevaluatehowwelltheyfitintoyourideallifeandmaximizingyoursocialtimespentonpeoplewholiftyouup.(你一定有很多朋友，但其中有多少人能激励你成长和学习呢？成为极简主义者意味着你要评估他们是否适合你的理想生活，并将你的社交时间最大化地花在那些能激励你的人身上)”可知，本段主要讲述了评估你的朋友是否适合你的理想生活，所以D项“Consideryourlifestylearoundrelationships(想想你的人际关系生活方式)”是本段的小标题。故选D项。【19题详解】分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Becomingminimalistmeansthatyouevaluatehowwelltheyfitintoyourideallifeandmaximizingyoursocialtimespentonpeoplewholiftyouup.Thenyoucanalsofreeupmoretimetospendonotherprioritiesinlife.(成为极简主义者意味着你评估他们是否适合你的理想生活，并最大限度地把你的社交时间花在那些让你振作起来的人身上。这样你就可以腾出更多的时间来处理生活中其他重要的事情)”可知，本段主要讲述把你的社交时间花在那些让你振作起来的人身上，所以F项“It’sworthfocusingyourtimeonpeoplethatmatter(把时间花在重要的人身上是值得的)”是对前文的总结。故选F项。【20题详解】根据前文“Introspection,whichmeansyousittingwithyourownthoughts,iswhatpeopleareterrifiedofinso“busy”aworld.(在这个“忙碌”的世界里，人们最害怕的是内省，也就是坐下来思考自己的想法)”以及后文“Youcanputyourphoneonsilent,turnofftheTVandblockoutdistractionsandjustsitwithyourthoughts.(你可以把手机调成静音，关掉电视，屏蔽干扰，坐下来思考)”可知，本段主要讲述了，人们应花时间去自我思考，所以B项“Anyway,youshouldmakespacetothink(不管怎样，你应该给自己留点思考的空间)”符合本段主题，引出下文。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IrememberatimewhenIneededaphonenumberoranaddress,Inaturallydialed“0”andanoperatorwithapleasant_____21_____wouldaskwhatshecoulddoforme.ButnowIhavethe_____22_____ofacquiringknowledgefrommylaptopinthecomfortofmyhome.Automationcertainlyhasitsadvantages,butIstillmissthe_____23_____withpeoplethatthedeviceshavereplaced.RecentlyIdecidedtodedicateadaytoaccomplishingallofmygoalsina_____24_____manner.IbeganbyhavinglunchatMcDonald’s,whereI_____25_____thecomputerterminalinfavoroforderingfromasmiling_____26_____,whorememberedmefromalong-agovisit.Itseemedthatherglowof_____27_____madethemealmoredelicious.IntheafternoonIwenttothepubliclibraryandaskedthelibrariantohelpmefindatitleIcouldhaveeasily___28___bymyselfwithacomputersearch.Duringourstayinthestack(藏书架)wehadthemostwonderful___29___aboutAnnieProulx’snewbook.Finally,onmywayhomeIhadastopatthesupermarket._____30_____,Iwalkedpasttheself-checkoutandwas_____31_____byacashier,whosuggestedthatforonlyonemorepennyIcouldgeta(n)_____32_____cabbage.ThateveningIhaddinnerwithafriendandexcitedlyreportedmydaytoher.However,shewasn’tbuying.SheremarkedthatIcouldhaveorderedeverythingwithmycellphoneandtheywouldbe_____33_____tomyhome,whichwouldhavetakenlessthananhour.Exactly,butIwouldhavesacrificedonepreciouscabbageandeven_____34_____allthosekindwordsandfriendlysmiles.Ienjoyedmyday,maybejustbecausesomeonetookthetimeto_____35_____theencounters.21.A.look B.voice C.smile D.taste22.A.talent B.doubt C.potential D.convenience23.A.interactions B.challenges C.appointments D.conflicts24.A.well-known B.first-rate C.non-digital D.far-reaching25.A.carriedout B.fellbehind C.toldoff D.passedup26.A.colleague B.employee C.customer D.programmer27.A.recognition B.gratitude C.pride D.relief28.A.located B.edited C.downloaded D.purchased29.A.instruction B.conversation C.adjustment D.argument30.A.Surprisingly B.Impatiently C.Similarly D.Randomly31.A.ignored B.cheated C.welcomed D.desired32.A.free B.extra C.expired D.special33.A.exhibited B.updated C.related D.delivered34.A.harvested B.appreciated C.missed D.refused35.A.warm B.report C.arrange D.advocate【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了作者决定放弃数字化方式，通过传统的方式来完成一天的任务，并在过程中体验到了与人交流的乐趣和温暖。【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.A29.B30.C31.C32.B33.D34.C35.A【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当我需要一个电话号码或地址时，我很自然地拨了“0”，一个话务员就会用悦耳的声音问我她能为我做些什么。A.look表情；B.voice嗓音；C.smile微笑；D.taste味道。根据前文“anoperator”可知，接线员应是用悦耳的声音问符合实际。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，我可以舒舒服服地坐在家里，从我的笔记本电脑上获取知识，非常方便。A.talent才能；B.doubt怀疑；C.potential潜力；D.convenience方便。根据后文“acquiringknowledgefrommylaptopinthecomfortofmyhome”可知，从笔记本电脑上获取知识应是方便的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动化当然有它的优势，但我仍然怀念被设备取代的与人的互动。A.interactions互动；B.challenges挑战；C.appointments任命；D.conflicts冲突。根据前文“Inaturallydialed“0”andanoperatorwithapleasantwouldaskwhatshecoulddoforme.”可知，作者是怀念被设备取代的与人的互动。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，我决定用一天的时间，用非数字化的方式来完成我所有的目标。A.well-known众所周知的；B.first-rate第一流的；C.non-digital非数字化的；D.far-reaching深远的。根据后文“IntheafternoonIwenttothepubliclibraryandaskedthelibrariantohelpmefindatitleIcouldhaveeasilybymyselfwithacomputersearch.”可知，作者去图书馆借在电脑上很容易找到的书，推知是用非数字化的方式来完成目标。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从在麦当劳吃午餐开始，在那里，我放弃了电脑终端，而是从一个微笑的员工那里点了餐，他记得很久以前我来过。A.carriedout执行；B.fellbehind落后；C.toldoff责备；D.passedup放弃。根据后文“infavoroforderingfromasmiling,whorememberedmefromalong-agovisit.”可知，作者是在员工那点餐，所以是放弃了电脑终端。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从在麦当劳吃午餐开始，在那里，我放弃了电脑终端，而是从一个微笑的员工那里点了餐，他记得很久以前我来过。A.colleague同事；B.employee雇员；C.customer顾客；D.programmer程序员。根据后文“whorememberedmefromalong-agovisit.”可知，who引导的非限制性定语从句，所以空处应是一个人，根据前文的“infavorofordering”可知，是在这个人这点餐，所以是一个员工。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她脸上认出我时露出的喜悦似乎让这顿饭更美味了。A.recognition认出；B.gratitude感激；C.pride自豪；D.relief救济。根据前文“whorememberedmefromalong-agovisit.”可知，这个员工认出作者之前来过。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午，我去了公共图书馆，请图书管理员帮我找一本我自己用电脑搜索就能轻松找到的书。A.located定位；B.edited编辑；C.downloaded下载；D.purchased购买。根据后文“withacomputersearch”结合选项可知，应是通过电脑搜索很容易定位书本的位置。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在书堆里，我们就安妮·普罗克斯的新书进行了一次精彩的交谈。A.instruction指示；B.conversation交谈；C.adjustment调整；D.argument争论。根据后文“aboutAnnieProulx’snewbook”以及空前的wonderful结合选项可知，应是就安妮·普罗克斯的新书进行了一次精彩的交谈。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样地，我经过自助结帐处时受到了收银员的欢迎，他建议我只要再多花一便士就可以多买一颗卷心菜。A.Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B.Impatiently无耐性地；C.Similarly类似地；D.Randomly随机。根据后文“Iwalkedpasttheself-checkoutandwasbyacashier,whosuggestedthatforonlyonemorepennyIcouldgeta