2023高考英语真题与答案解析

2024高考英语真题与答案解析2024年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

英语

第一部分听力（略）

其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington.D.C.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington.D.C

Duration:3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington.D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hour

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memories,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hour(7miles)

JoinasmallgrouphiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomTourinWashington.D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.

D.C.

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.

B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.

D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

A.Citymaps.

B.Cameras

C.Meals.

D.Safetylights.

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodtaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”

Theeight-partseries(系列节目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheyetotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?(B)

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.

B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.

D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?(C)

A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.

B.Hepreparefoodforherkids.

C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?(C)

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.

D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?(D)

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmart

B.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChef

D.CookingWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeeningandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlessingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobeefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalpulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettermunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,often

spokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitdeStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAuatralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?B

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?C

A.Complex.

B.Advanced

C.Powerful.

D.Modern.

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?B

A.About6,800.

B.About3,400.

C.About2,400.

D.About1,200.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?C

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshonyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle,That’sbadnewsforenvironment–andourwallets–astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife–formwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyuseevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2024,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2024.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’tthrowoutouroldones.“TheLiving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekid’sroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2024.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbin’steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTV’swithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2024window.

Sowhat’sthesolution(解决方案)?Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2024,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTV

viewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.

32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?(A)

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.

B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.

D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

33.WhydidBabbin’steamconducttheresearch?(D)

A.Toreducethecostofminerals.

B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.

C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.

D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?(B)

A.Thebox-setTV.

B.Thetablet.

C.TheLCDTV.

D.Thedesktopputer.

35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?(A)

A.Stopusingthem.

B.Takethemapart.

C.Upgradethem.

D.Recyclethem.

其次节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?____36_____,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.___37____,theycangetalittleplex.Butgoodnewsisthat

there’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

___38___.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39___.Theyrequireabiggermitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisioninyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.___40___

A.Whileallofthemareuseful

B.Whateveryou’relookingfor

C.Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolor

D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

E.It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

36.B37.A38.D39.G40.F

第三部分语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完型填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I__41___theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twantto__42___afewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t__43____enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour__44_____wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__45___Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s___46___,Icouldhardlywaitto__47__him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis__48___wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemakeit___49____thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto___50___theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto___51____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand___52___toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat__53__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe___54___.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhathe___55__me:“Theabsolutemostimportant___56__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__57___.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto__58___asituation,processwhatyouropponent

(对手)isdoingand__59___thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy___60___asajournalist.

BCADDCBDCBCACBADBADA

41A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown

42A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay

43A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired

44A.titleB.petitorC.textbookD.instructor

45A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant

46A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest

47A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat

48A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job

49A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible

50A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe

51A.addB.exposeC.applyD.pare

52A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally

53A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment

54A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation

55A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised

56A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill

57A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.ments

58A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control

59A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate

60A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior

其次节(共10小题;没小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastlong62(see)thebenefitYoumay

drink,smoke,beoverwhelmingandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.

Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin202466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause)Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise……it’sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfacesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles,avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.

61longer62tosee63dying64is65than

66that/which67causes6