2024年上海市徐汇区高一上学期期末考试英语试卷试题（答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2023学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高一英语试卷2024.1(考试时间90分钟，满分100分)Ⅰ.Listeningcomprehension(15%)SectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Athome.B.Inthestreet.C.Atagym.D.Inacafe.2.A.Gotoanexhibition.B.Watchafootballgame.C.Visitafriend.D.Godowntownbyherself.3.A.Shecan’tstandit.B.Sheseldomlistenstoit.C.She’sheardenoughofit.D.Sheenjoysitverymuch.4.A.Saturday.B.Sunday.C.Monday.D.Tuesday.5.A.Itwasnotopenyet.B.Therewasalonglineofpeople.C.Thereweremanyseatsavailable.D.Thefoodtherewasawful.6.A.Heistheyoungestinthegroup.B.Heistheoldestinthepicture.C.Helooksyoungforhisage.D.Heisinthesecondphotograph.7.A.Sad.B.Happy.C.Confused.D.Shocked.8.A.Bybus.B.Bytrain.C.Bymotorbike.D.Onfoot.9.A.Hecancelledthemeeting.B.Hecan’tarriveontime.C.Hewillarrivethenextmorning.D.Hemissedhisflight.10.A.Hewantedasecondplan.B.Hepreferredtostayhome.C.Itwouldcosttoomuch.

D.Itwasawasteoftime.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearashortpassageandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassageandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Copytheirtourschedule.B.Watchoutforthetraffic.C.Wearcomfortableshoes.

D.Taketheluggagewiththem.12.A.Inapark.B.Atahotel.C.Inashoppingcentre.D.Attheairport.13.A.Thescheduleforthetour.B.TipsonvisitingLondon.C.Possibleaccidents.D.Plansfortheweekend.Questions14through15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Awriter.B.Aclub.C.Acourse.D.Abook.15.A.TheBeautifulMind.

B.TheGreatGatsby.C.TheKiteRunner.

D.TheCandyHouse.Ⅱ.GrammarandvocabularySectionA(10%)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.CityWalksstepupinpopularityForFangRui,walkingthestreetsofNanjingandtakinginthebuildingsandcultureofthehistoricalcityisalmostadailyroutine.BornandraisedinNanjing,the28-year-oldworksasalandscapedesignerinthecity1studyingoverseasforseveralyears.InMay,Fangorganizedafreecitywalkforaround50people2camefromalloverthecountrytoexperienceadeeperconnectionwithNanjing.ShechosetowalkinXinanLi,atouristareathatisnotaspopularasotherNanjinglandmarks.Thedistricthaspreservedvarioushistoricalbuildings,withthemostwell-knownbeingtheformerresidenceofthescholarGanXi,which3(build)duringthereignoftheQingEmperorJiaqing(1796-1820).Designingcity-walkrouteslikeFang’srequirestimeandeffort.Fangsaidshespentaboutamonth4(research)routesforNanjing’ssouthernareaandadjustedthewalkingmapthreetimes.Theoriginsofcitywalks5betracedbacktoLondon,England.Originally,citywalksreferredtoguidedtours6participantsfollowedaplannedrouteundertheguidanceoftourconductors,withastrongemphasisondiscoveringthecity’shistory,culture,landscapes,andotheraspects.Fortourists7localsnotfullyfamiliarwithacity’shistoryandculture,theorganizedwalksareanauthenticandimmersive(沉浸的)experience.Walkorganizersarepassionateandcareaboutacity’sculturalheritage.Theyalsohaveamorepersonalizedanddeeperunderstandingoftheircity,8goesbeyondjustvisitingiconiclandmarks.Gradually,theconceptofcitywalks,whichemphasizesthequietappreciationofurbanlifestyleandculturalatmosphere,9(gain)popularityworldwide.Theappealofcitywalkisparticularlyresonant(共鸣)withtheyoungergeneration,whofrequentlyfind10caughtupindemandingworkschedules,therebylimitingtheirtimeforlocalexploration.Thegrowingtrendofcitywalkreflectsachangingattitudetowardslife,embracingawarmer,morerelaxed,andslower-pacedlifestyle.SectionB(10%)【上教版】Direction:Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.blamed

B.solution

C.extinction

D.credit

E.attitude

F.capableG.assume

H.quit

I.addicted

J.conducted

K.energetic11．Idon’tthinkthattourismwillprovidealong-termtoruralemploymentproblems.12．Mycousinistocoffeeandcannotdoanythinginthemorninguntilhe’shadsome.13．Duetothefactthatmanyanimalsareontheedgeof,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately.14．Theyasurveytofindoutwhattypeoftechnicalsupportcustomersmightwant.15．Itseemsreasonabletothatthebookwaswrittenaround70AD.16．Colourscanchangeourmoodsandmakeusfeelhappyorsad,orsleepy.17．ThecompanyCEOtheeconomicdownturnforthecompany’sfinanciallosses.18．Sheisahighlyleaderwhocanhandlecomplexprojectswithease.19．Anunfriendlyoftheshop-assistantoftenannoyscustomers.20．Thesuccessoftheeventwasduetothecombinedeffortsofmanypeople,buthetookallthe.【上外版】Direction:Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.replace

B.creative

C.extinction

D.comment

E.aware

F.determineG.respect

H.context

I.concern

J.deliver

K.effort21．Theartteacherencouragedherstudentstobeandexpressthemselvesthroughtheirpaintings.22．Thesafetyandeffectivenessofthemedicineisagrowingpublicanditneedsrepeatedevaluationbeforetrialscanbeginonalargescale.23．Duetothefactthatmanyanimalsareontheedgeof,effectivemeasuresshouldbetakenimmediately.24．Thecompany’sgoalistoproductsofgoodqualitytoitscustomers.25．Theywilllaunchacampaigntoshowfortherightsandcustomsofthelocals.26．Theauthor’slatestbookexplorestherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandnatureaswellastherequiredtoprotecttheenvironment.27．Somepeopleareworriedthatcomputer-madecartoonwillintheendthehand-drawnones.28．Asourcountryisbecomingincreasinglystronger,manyoverseasstudentstoreturnaftergraduation.29．Thecoachmakessurethatalltheathletesarefullyoftherequirementsbeforetraining.30．Theviewerposteda(n)aboutthefilm,praisingitsattractiveplotandsurprisingending.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(10%)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.FlexiblethinkingforyourcareerDoesworkeverleaveyoufeelingstuckinarutwithlimitedopportunitiestobecreative?Tothrive,youmightwantto31yourbrain’sflexibility.Butisthisevenpossible,andifso,how?Mostjobsrequiretheabilitytosolveproblemsanddealwith32,atleasttoacertainextent.Imagineateacherwhohasanewandverynervousstudentintheirclass.Ifthatteacherisaflexiblethinker,hewillbeableto33hisclassroommanagement,evenifhehasn’tseenthissituationbefore.AccordingtoLeonardMlodinow,authorofElastic,flexiblethinkersrelyonideagenerationandimagination—theyarewillingto34andtakerisks.“Elasticthinkingiswhatyouneedwhenthecircumstanceschange,andyouaredealingwithsomethingnew.It’snotabout35rules.”Therefore,insteadoffollowingthetypical36forwelcomeanewstudent,theteachermightcomeupwithatailoredresponse,basedonpredictionandpreviousexperience.So,howcanyoubecomeamoreflexiblethinker?AccordingtoDrLisaFeldmanBarrett,it’sallabout37

thebrain.Onewayofdoingthis,shesays,isthroughexposuretoavarietyofexperienceswhichmakeiteasiertoadjusttonewsituations.Alotofcompaniesnowconsiderflexiblethinkingintheworkplace,38whenitcomestodesign.Workspacesmayhavecouches(长沙发)whereworkerscan39andrelax,givingthemthespacetocomeupwithandprocessnewideas.Mlodinowsaysit’sveryimportanttotaketimetodaydream,listentoideasandconceptsyoudisagreewithandspendtimedoingactivitiesoutsideofyour40.Thiswillhelpyouunderstandmultiplepointsofviewandthereforeblossominmanydifferentaspectsofyourcareer.So,ifyouwanttomakeachange,youcanbecomeaflexiblethinkertoo,withalittlepractice.31．A．exhibit B．remove C．release D．increase32．A．challenges B．sections C．attempts D．factors33．A．reveal B．adapt C．observe D．support34．A．represent B．preserve C．experiment D．recognize35．A．breaking B．creating C．updating D．following36．A．value B．procedure C．question D．concept37．A．exercising B．understanding C．transforming D．replacing38．A．especially B．definitely C．obviously D．additionally39．A．checkout B．liedown C．showup D．breakup40．A．traininglimit B．culturalshock C．currentrelationship D．comfortzoneSectionB(22%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AYoumayhaveseenwhite-facedcapuchinmonkeys(卷尾猴)before,whetheratazooorinapopularmovie.Thesemedium-sizedmonkeysarefoundinCentralAmericaandnorthernSouthAmerica.Theyhaveamostlyblack-hairedbodyandwhitehairontheirfaceandshoulders.Thecapofblackfurontheirheadresemblesthehoods(兜帽)thatCapuchinmonksinItalywore,andthat’swherethenamecamefrom.Anotherfascinatingfeatureofthesemonkeysistheirlongtail,whichactslikeathirdhand.Capuchinmonkeysusetheirtailtohangontotreebranchestosupporttheirbodyweightwhilelookingforfood.Whiletheyeatfruitandnuts,theyalsoenjoyinsects,frogs,andlizards.Sincetheyspreadvariousfruitseedsthroughtheirfeces(粪便)andeatinsectsthatareharmfultotrees,theycontributealottothepreservationsofforests.Capuchinmonkeysareverysocialandliveingroupsof20membersorso.Agroupofcapuchinsisknownasatrooporabarrel.Troopsaremainlymadeupoffemales,whoremaininthesametrooptheirwholelives,whilemaleschangetroopsabouteveryfouryears.Communicationandsocialactivitiesplayasignificantroleamongmonkeysinatroopbecausetheyhelpformsocialbonds.Acuriousexampleis“handsniffing,”wherethemonkeyssticktheirfingersinfrontofeachother’snose.Outsidetheforests,capuchinmonkeysarenotonlyusedbyhumansfortheiractingabilities.Theseintelligentanimalshavesmallfingersandaregiftedwithfinemotorskills.Theycanbetrainedtodomanytasksthathumanswithdisabilitiescannotdo,liketurningthepagesofabookorpickingupdroppedobjects.Therefore,thewhite-facedcapuchincanbeimportantassistantsandcompanionsforsomedisabledpeople.41．Howdidwhite-facedcapuchinmonkeysgettheirname?A．TheyappearedinpopularfilmswithCapuchinmonks.B．TheirfurcrownslooklikethehoodsofCapuchinmonks.C．TheyarefoundinregionswhereCapuchinmonkslive.D．TheyusedtobekeptbyCapuchinmonksaspets.42．Accordingtothepassage,whatcontributiondowhite-facedcapuchinsmaketoforests?A．Theyhelpkeepthetreeshealthy. B．Theymakeforestsoilmorefertile.C．Theyreducetheriskofforestfires. D．Theyeatplantsthatdamageforests.43．WhichofthefollowingaspectisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Diet. B．Behavior. C．Threats. D．Appearance.44．Whyarewhite-facedcapuchinmonkeysusedashumanhelpers?A．Theyareveryfriendlyandloyaltohumans. B．Theyarestrongenoughtocarryheavythings.C．Theyaresmartandcanperformdifferenttasks. D．Theyaregoodatmakingfacesandacting.BNationalScienceCenterGuideWe’reexcitedtohaveyouvisittheNationalScienceCentre(NSC).Sparkyourcuriosityandexplorethewondersofscienceandinnovationwithhands-onexhibits,livescienceshowsanddemonstrations.◆Activities&WorkshopsDNAWorkshopLet’suncoverthesecretbehindDNA.SeewhatDNAlookslikebyextractingitfromcells,andgetupcloseandpersonalwithitsstructurebymakingyourownDNAmodel!Suitablefor9-12yearsold.LED’sPlayEverwonderedhowelectricitycomesabout?Howisitpossiblethatwithaflickoftheswitch,thelightsturnon?WithallthematerialstoplaywithLEDs,learnmoreaboutelectricity,circuitsandevenmakeyourveryownLEDlight-upcard!Minimumageis7yearsold.Studentsbelow12mustbeaccompaniedbyanadultwithavalidticket.ScienceofMagicDoyouwanttoperformmagic?Joinuswhereallisrevealed!Enjoyaprivatetourthroughthe‘Mind’sEyeExhibition’andaworkshop.Youwilllearnthescienceconceptsbehindmagic—cutawholeropeandfixit,makecoinsvanishedandappearbehindyourear!Suitablefor10yearsoldandabove.◆RentalInformationLockersareavailabletostoreanybelongingsduringyourvisit.ThelockersarelocatednearthefrontentranceandoutsidetheInnovationCentre.PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskintheGreatHall.IDrequired.◆SupportusSince1969,NationalScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassionfordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.TodayNationalScienceCenterservesmorethan1millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverthecountry.It’sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.Pleaseclickheretomakeadonation.45．Whichofthefollowingactivitiesissuitableforan8-year-oldboy?A．DiscoverthesecretofDNA. B．MakeaLEDlight-upcard.C．Makecoinsvanishedandappear. D．Experimentwithchemicalsinalab.46．Wherecanpeoplerentwheelchairs?A．Atthefrontentrance. B．OutsidetheGreatHall.C．AttheInformationDesk. D．IntheInnovationCentre.47．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraphofthetext?A．Toencouragedonations. B．Toadvertisecomingevents.C．Tointroducespecialexhibits. D．Tointroducethecenter’shistory.CFormanyyears,shipsthatwantedtotravelfromtheAtlanticOceantothePacificorfromthePacifictotheAtlantichadtosailaroundSouthAmerica.Thetriptookweeksandwasverydangerous.Tomaketherouteshorterandsafter,itwasdecidedtobuildacanal(运河).PanamawaschosenbecauseitisthenarrowestcountryintheAmericas.TheFrenchstartedbuildingthecanalasearlyas1880,buttheirattemptfailedafter21,900peoplediedofdiseasesandaccidents.TheAmericansfinallycompletedtheproject,andthePanamaCanalopenedin1914.WhenthePanamaCanalopenedin1914,shipswereabletomakethetripbetweenoceansinapproximately10hours.Thelocksinthecanalhavebeencalledoneofthesevenwondersofthemodernworld.The48-mile-longPanamaCanalwasdugthroughthecountryofPanama.Topassbetweenoceans,shipsmustactuallygoup.Infact,totravelthroughthecanal,shipsareraised85feetabovesealevelandthenloweredagain.Ashipentersthecanalandsailstothefirstseriesoflocks.Eachlockisahugecompartment(分隔的空间)madeofconcretewallsandmetaldoorsateachend.Whenonesetofdoorsopens,theshipentersthelock.Thedoorsclose,andwaterflowsintothelock,raisingtheshipuntilthewaterlevelequalsthelevelinthenextlock.Atthattime,thedoorsopentoallowtheshiptomoveintothenextlock.Whenthedoorsclose,thesameprocesscontinuestoraisetheshipagain.Oneitherendofthecanal,threesetsoflocksraiseandlowerships.Afterthethirdlock,theshipentersGatunLake,sailsabout23miles,andbeginsitsdescentthroughtheseriesoflocks.Tolowertheship,thelocksworkinreverse,allowingwatertoflowoutofthelockuntilthewaterlevelisthesameasthenextlock.Inthisway,theshipreachessealevelandmovesoutintotheocean.OveronemillionshipshavepassedthroughthePanamaCanalsinceitopened.Ithasproventobeveryimportanttoworldtrade.In2016,thecanalwasexpandedtoallowwidershipstopassthroughit,provingitwillbeavitalpartoftheworldformanyyearstocome.48．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheevents?①Theshipentersalock.②Waterflowsintothelocktoraisethewaterlevel.③Thedoorsclose.④Thedoorsopenandtheshipmoveout.A．④③②① B．③①②④ C．①③②④ D．③②④①49．WecaninferfromthearticlethatthePanamaCanal______.A．isthenarrowestcanalintheworld B．waseasytoconstructC．isanimportantlinkinglobalshipping D．willbeclosedinthenearfuture50．Whichwordinparagraph4probablymeans“ajourneydownward”?A．reverse B．series C．process D．descent51．Accordingtothepassage,thePanamaCanalwasbuilt______.A．toshortenthetripbetweentheAtlanticandPacificOceansB．toraiseandlowerthewaterlevelinthelocksC．sothatshipscouldtraveltoPanamafromothercountriesD．sothatpeoplecouldenjoythebeautifulviewofGatunLakeⅣ.Completethechart(8%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHAN10words.StartingexerciseYouwanttostartdoingexercise?Congratulations!Youhavejusttakenyourfirststeptowardsanewandimprovedyou!Mostpeopleassumethatregularexercisedoeswondersforthebodyandmind—butwhatexactlyareitshealthbenefits?Tostartwith,physicalactivityincreasestheefficiencyofyourheartandlungs.Duringexercise,yourheartandlungsmustworkharder.Thisextraeffortmakesthemgrowstrongeroverthelongterm.Moreover,exerciseisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Workingoutcanhelpyoureducestressandgetovernegativefeelings.Exerciseisanyactivitythatgetsyourbodymoving.Exercisedoesn’thavetomeanbreakingasweatatthegymorrunningamarathon.Anyphysicalactivitycountstowardsimprovingyourhealth—somethingisalwaysbetterthannothing.Ifyouarejuststartingexerciseforthefirsttime,remembertostartatalevelthatiscomfortableforyou.Scientistshavelongknownthatwhatyoueatcanmakeorbreakaworkoutandpossiblyaffectyourfitnessresults.Likecarsthatrunonpetrol,yourbodyburnscarbohydrates(碳水化合物)forenergy.Foodslikenoodles,rice,fruitandvegetablesgiveyourbodyplentyofcarbohydratestokeepupyourenergyduringalongworkout.Tohelpyourmusclesrecoverandrepairthemselvesafterexercise,youneedtoeatfoodsrichinprotein,suchasfish,eggsandmilkproducts.Choosetherightclothingandshoesfortheexerciseandphysicalactivityyouplantodoisalsoimportant.Topreventinjury,makesureyourclothesandfootweararebothcomfortableandsafe.What’smore,remembertowarmupbeforeexercisingandstretchattheendofyourworkout.So,nowyouknowthebenefitsofexerciseandhowtodoitsafelyandeffectively.Whatareyouwaitingfor?Startingexercise52PhysicalbenefitsMentalbenefitsStartingatacomfortablelevel535455WarmupbeforeandstretchafterexercisingⅤ.Translation(15%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.【上教版】56．户外活动对孩子的注意力和记忆力有好处。(benefitv.)(汉译英)57．你真的认为冒险是让别人尊重、注意和喜欢你的最好方法吗?(risk)(汉译英)58．虽然这次尝试没有成功，但这次经历将会对你的性格产生积极的影响。(effect)(汉译英)59．很多包装没有回收利用，最终被扔进了垃圾堆，所以包装更少的食品更环保。(endup)(汉译英)【上外版】60．在正式场合，礼貌待人很重要。(occasion)(汉译英)61．他试图适应大城市里的生活，最终成功了。(attempt)(汉译英)62．步入成年是人生的重要一步，这意味着承担更多的社会责任。(which)(汉译英)63．毫无疑问，大自然的一切相互联系，一旦打破平衡，需要一些时日才能回到正常状态。(balance)(汉译英)Ⅵ.GuidedWriting(10%)【上教版】64．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositioninabout80-100wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.近日，学校正举办主题为“ThepersonIadmire”的征文大赛。假设你叫王海，请你写一篇短文，介绍一位你敬佩的人，内容包括：1.描述此人的外貌特征和性格特点；2.阐述此人对你的影响。(注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名。)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【上外版】65．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositioninabout80-100wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.近日，校园内流浪猫(homelesscats)增多，学生会拟设立一个爱心猫舍(shelter)，供师生在此处喂养流浪猫。假设你叫王海，请你写一份邮件给学生会表达你的想法，内容包括：1.你是否赞同设立爱心猫舍；2.你的理由。(注意：文中不得出现具体学校名称或人名)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________听力答案：1-5CADBB6-10CBCBC11-15CBBBC答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．after2．who##that3．wasbuilt4．researching5．can6．where7．and8．which9．gained##hasgained10．themselves【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了28岁的年轻人方锐在南京组织了一次免费的城市漫步活动，并介绍了城市漫步活动的起源以及这种活动日益变得受欢迎。1．考查介词。句意：这位28岁的年轻人在南京出生和长大，在海外学习了几年后，她在南京从事景观设计师的工作。结合语意可知，句子表示在海外学习之后，这位年轻人在南京从事景观设计师的工作，所以空处应用介词after，表示“在……之后”，符合题意。故填after。2．考查定语从句。句意：今年5月，方为来自全国各地的约50人组织了一次免费的城市漫步活动，以体验与南京更深层次的联系。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词around50people，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。3．考查时态和语态。句意：该区保存着各种历史建筑，其中最著名的是建于清嘉庆年间（1796-1820）的学者甘熙故居。根据句中duringthereignoftheQingEmperorJiaqing(1796-1820)可知，which引导的从句描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时，which指代先行词theformerresidenceofthescholarGanXi，与从句谓语build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且which指代的先行词为单数意义，所以从句中be动词使用was。故填wasbuilt。4．考查非谓语动词。句意：方说，她花了大约一个月的时间研究南京南部地区的路线，并对步行图进行了三次调整。spend...(in)doingsth.为固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式。故填researching。5．考查情态动词。句意：城市漫步的起源可以追溯到英国的伦敦。结合语意可知，此处表示可以追溯到英国伦敦，所以空处应用情态动词can，表示“可以，能够”。故填can。6．考查定语从句。句意：最初，城市漫步指的是导游带领下的游览，参与者在导游的引导下按照计划路线行进，重点是发现城市的历史、文化、景观和其他方面。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词guidedtours，从句中缺少状语，结合语意，此处表示在导游带领下的游览中，将先行词看作抽象的地点，使用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。7．考查连词。句意：对于游客和不完全熟悉城市历史和文化的当地人来说，有组织的步行是一种真实而身临其境的体验。分析句子结构可知，tourists与locals之间是并列关系，可用连词and连接，表示“和”，符合题意。故填and。8．考查定语从句。句意：他们还对自己的城市有了更个性化、更深入的了解，这不仅仅是参观标志性的地标。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。9．考查时态。句意：渐渐地，强调安静地欣赏城市生活方式和文化氛围的城市漫步概念在世界范围内流行起来。结合语意可知，城市漫步概念在世界范围内流行是在描述过去发生的情况，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式gained，也可理解为强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，使用现在完成时，主语是theconceptofcitywalks，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式hasgained。故填gained/hasgained。10．考查代词。句意：城市漫步的吸引力尤其引起年轻一代的共鸣，他们经常发现自己被要求很高的工作时间表所困扰，从而限制了他们在当地探索的时间。分析句子结构可知，who引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词theyoungergeneration，此处表示年轻一代发现他们自己被要求很高的工作时间表所困扰，从句的主语和宾语相同，所以空处应用反身代词themselves，表示“他们自己”，符合题意。故填themselves。11．solution12．addicted13．extinction14．conducted15．assume16．energetic17．blamed18．capable19．attitude20．credit【解析】11．考查名词。句意：对于农村就业问题，我认为旅游业不能提供长期解决方案。根据句意及空格所在位置可知，该处应填名词，且表示“解决办法”，故填solution。12．考查形容词。句意：我表弟喜欢喝咖啡，早上不喝咖啡就什么都做不了。根据句意可知，该处表示“喜欢”beaddictedto，故填addicted。13．考查名词。句意：由于很多动物濒临灭绝，必须采取有效的措施。根据句意可知，需要采取有效的措施，是因为动物濒临灭绝，根据空格位置应填名词，故填extinction。14．考查动词。句意：他们做了一项调查，了解用户可能需要什么类型的技术支持。分析句子可知，该处缺少谓语动词，根据句意可知，应使用一般过去时，conductedasurvey“做调查”，故填conducted。15．考查动词。句意：假定这本书写于公元70年左右似乎是有道理的。根据句子结构可知，该处填动词，不定式作真正的主语，根据句意，该处缺“假定”的含义，故填assume。16．考查形容词。句意：颜色可以改变我们的情绪，使我们感到高兴或者悲伤，精力充沛或昏昏欲睡。根据空格位置可知，该处是与sleepy并列的形容词，结合happyorsad可知，与sleepy含义相反，故填energetic。17．考查动词。句意：公司首席执行官将公司的财政损失归咎于经济衰退。根据句意可知，应使用一般过去时，blame...for“归咎于”，故填blamed。18．考查形容词。句意：她是一个能轻松处理复杂项目的很有才能的领导者。根据句意可知，她能够轻松应对复杂项目，说明她能力很强，形容词capable“有能力的”，作定语。故填capable。19．考查名词。句意：这个售货员不友好的态度总是惹恼顾客。根据空格位置可知，该处应填名词，结合句意可知，不友好的态度惹恼顾客，attitude“态度”符合语境。故填attitude。20．考查名词。句意：这次活动的成功是由于许多人的共同努力，但是他占据了所有的赞美。根据句意可知，此处表示“赞扬”，用名词credit作宾语，不可数名词。故填credit。21．B22．I23．C24．J25．G26．K27．A28．F29．E30．D【解析】21．考查形容词。句意：美术老师鼓励学生发挥创造力，通过绘画来表达自己。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，此处应是creative意为“创造性的”符合语境。故选B项。22．考查名词。句意：这种药物的安全性和有效性日益引起公众的关注，在开始大规模试验之前，需要对其进行反复评估。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，根据句意，应是concern意为“担心”符合语境。故选I项。23．考查名词。句意：由于许多动物正处于灭绝的边缘，必须立即采取有效措施。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是extinction意为“灭绝”符合语境。故选C项。24．考查动词。句意：公司的目标是向客户提供高质量的产品。空前的to是不定式的标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是deliver意为“传送”符合语境。故选J项。25．考查名词。句意：他们将发起一场运动，以示对当地人权利和习俗的尊重。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是respect意为“尊重”符合语境。故填G项。26．考查名词。句意：作者的新书探讨了人与自然的关系以及保护环境所需要的努力。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是effort意为“努力”符合语境。故选K项。27．考查动词。句意：有些人担心电脑制作的卡通最终会取代手绘的。空前是助动词will，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是replace意为“替换”。故选A项。28．考查动词。句意：随着我们国家的日益强大，许多留学生决定毕业后回国。分析句子结构可知，本句是as引导的时间状语从句，主句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是determine意为“决定”符合语境。故选F项。29．考查形容词。句意：教练确保所有的运动员在训练前都充分了解这些要求。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，此处应是aware，构成固定搭配：beawareof意为“知道”。故选E项。30．考查名词。句意：这位观众对这部电影发表了评论，称赞其吸引人的情节和令人惊讶的结局。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是comment意为“评论”符合语境。故选D项。31．D32．A33．B34．C35．D36．B37．A38．A39．B40．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在工作和生活中，人们需要解决各类问题、对不同的情况做出预测并应对大大小小的挑战。换位思考、灵活变通可能会让看似棘手的问题迎刃而解。人们具有“弹性思维”就能根据当前的状况来调整自己的想法、行动和感受的思维方式。人们可以通过激发想象力、尝试新事物和接触新体验来提高自己的变通能力。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了茁壮成长，你可能需要增加大脑的灵活性。A.exhibit展览；B.remove去除；C.release释放；D.increase增加。根据上文“Tothrive”可知，必须要增加大脑的灵活性。故选D项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数工作至少在一定程度上需要解决问题和处理挑战的能力。A.challenges挑战；B.sections部分；C.attempts尝试；D.factors因素。根据上文“Mostjobsrequiretheabilitytosolveproblems”可知，解决问题和处理挑战是同一方面的问题。故选A项。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果那个老师是一个思维灵活的人，即使他以前没有遇到过这种情况，他也能很好地适应课堂管理。A.reveal揭示；B.adapt适应；C.observe观察；D.support支持。根据上文“Ifthatteacherisaflexiblethinker”以及下文“Onewayofdoingthis,shesays,isthroughexposuretoavarietyofexperienceswhich