黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学高三上学期期末考试英语试题

哈三中20202021学年度上学期高三年级期末考试英语试题（时间：120分钟满分150分）第一部分:阅读理解（共两小节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOutlookFeaturingthesame6.1inchdisplaysizeastheiPhone11andiPhoneXRbeforeit,iPhone12ismakingthetransitionfromanLCDscreentoOLED.Withflataluminum（铝）sidesforanoveralllook,itmorecloselymatchestheiPadProandiPadAir.Asidefromtheflatsides,iPhone12stilllargelyresemblestheiPhone11.Aroundback,ithastwocamerashousedinaglasscircle,whichmakesforanicecontrastwiththerestofthesmoothbackpanel.Toavoidbeingbrokenorcrackedwhendropped,iPhone12iscoveredwithwhatAppledescribesasa"ceramic（陶瓷）shield”.CameraTheiPhone12hasa12megapixelf/1.6maincamera—thefastestaperture（光圈）inanyiPhoneyet.Thelowlightperformancehasimproved,anditsadvancementsinputationalphotographytomaximizedetailanddynamicrangehasalsobeenachieved.ThefrontcameraontheiPhone12isgainingNightMode,aswell.ProcessoriPhone12ispoweredbythepany'snewA14Bionicprocessor,whichisthefirstsmartphonechipbuiltona5nmprocess,leadingtoimprovedperformanceandefficiency.It'sclaimedthattheprocessorisupto50percentfasterthantheleadingchipsinAndroidsmartphones.WirelessChargingToimprovewirelesschargingontheiPhone12,itcontainsa“MagSafe“systemwithbuiltinmagnetstoguaranteethattheiPhone12properlylinesupwiththeMagSafeaccessories（配件）.1.WhatisthesizeofiPhone12?A.About6.1inchasthatofiPhoneMax.B.ThesamesizeasiPadPro.C.BiggerthanthatofiPhone11.D.AsbigasiPhone11.2.What'sthefunctionofthe"MagSafe"system?A.TocarryoutthewiredchargingofiPhone12.B.ToperfectlymatchtheiPadProandiPadAir.C.TomakesuretheiPhone12isrightfortheMagSafeaccessories.D.Toprocesstheinformationinamorerapidway.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutiPhone12?A.Thereareonlytwocamerasplacedseparatelyinfrontandback.B.ItispoweredbyA14BionicprocessorusedinAndroidsmartphones.C.AllcamerasofiPhone12havetheNightMode.D.Aceramicshieldhelpsprotectagainstbreakingandcracking.4.Whatwouldbethetitleofthepassage?A.iPhone11. B.iPadPro. C.iPadAir. D.iPhone12.BMyfavoritenovelisAlbertCamus'sThePlague（鼠疫）.Itwaspublishedin1947,afterWordWarII.Onthesurface,it'sastoryaboutanAlgeriancoastaltownthreatenedbyamysteriousplague.Butthesymbolicideaworksontheconcretepresentationofametaphysical（形而上学的）problem,whichisthecruelfactofsuffering.Liketheplague,it'sjustathingthathappensintheworldwhetherwewantittoornot.Camus'snovelasksifwecanthinkofsufferingnotasanindividualburdenbutasasharedexperience—andmaybeturnitintosomethingpositive.Thekeyistorecognizetheuniversalityofsuffering.Aplagueisanextraordinaryeventandthehorroritresultsinisextraordinary,too.Butsufferingisanythingbutextraordinary.Everydayyouleavethehouse,somethingterriblecouldhappen.Thesameistrueforall.Allofusarcsubjecttoforcesoverwhichwehavenocontrol.Apandemic（大流彳亍病）forcesustothinkaboutourresponsibilitiestothepeoplearoundus.TheheroofThePlagueisamitteddoctornamedRieux.Fromtheverybeginning,Rieuxdevoteshimselftoresistingtheplaguethatuniteditsvictims.Eachcharacterinthestoryisdefined（刻画）bywhattheydowhentheplaguees.Nooneescapesit,butthosewhoreducethesufferingofothersarethemostfulfilled.Theonlyvillainsarethosewhocannotseebeyondthemselves.Theplague,forthesepeople,iseitheranexcusetofleeoranopportunitytomakeprofits.Becausetheycan'tseethattheirconditionisshared,aspiritofunityispletelyforeigntothem.Andthatblindnessmakesmunityimpossible.AttheveryendofThePlague,Camusstatedhisphilosophythatthestruggleagainstsufferingisneveroverforgood.Theplaguewillreturn,andsowilleverythingelsethatupsetshumans.Butthepointofthebookisthatasharedstruggleiswhatmakesmunitypossibleinthefirstplace.Apandemic,terriblethoughitis,highlightsourmutualinterdependenceinawaythatonlytragedycan.ThebeautyofThePlagueisthatitasksthereadertomapthelessonsofthepandemicontoeverydaylife.Theprinciplesthatdrivethehero,Rieux,arethesameprinciplesthatmakeeverysocietyworthwhile—understanding,loveandunity.Ifwelearntheselessons,inamomentofcrisis,we'llallbebetteroffontheothersideofit.5.WhatisthesymbolicideaofThePlague?A.Anindividualburden. B.Apositiveexperience.C.Auniversalsuffering. D.Anextraordinaryevent.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?A.Theblind.B.Businessmen.C.Foreignvictims.D.Wrongdoers.7.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcanwelearnfromThePlague?A.Weshouldthinkofunitymorethanindividualcalculation.B.Thepandemiccannotbedefeatedasitwillmakeaeback.C.Understanding,loveandunityridthesocietyofstruggle.D.We'llbebetteroffinamomentofcrisisiflisteningtoadoctor.8.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceabook. B.Tosolveasocialproblem.C.Torememberawriter. D.Toexpressanopinion.CForyears,theU.S.hasexperiencedashortageofregisterednurses.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsprojectsthatwhilethenumberofnurseswillincreaseby19percentby2022,demandwillgrowfasterthansupply,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobsbythen.Sowhat'sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,delivermedicationsandotheritems.Itfollowsaspecificindividual,suchasadoctorornurse,whocanuseittorecordandaccesspatientdata.Thistypeofrobotwilllikelytobeoneofthefirsttobeimplementedinhospitalsbecauseithasfairlyminimalpatientcontact.Arobot'sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans,whichiswhytheRIKENTRICollaborationCenterforHumanInteractiveRobotResearchdecidedtodeveloparoboticnursecalledAcntroidF.Itissohumanlikethatsomepatientsmaynotknowthedifference.Thisconversationalrobotpanionhascamerasinitseyes,whichallowittotrackpatientsanduseappropriatefacialexpressionsandbodylanguageinitsinteractions.Duringamonthlonghospitaltrial,researchersasked70patientshowtheyfeltbeingaroundtherobotand“onlythreeorfoursaidtheydidn'tlikehavingitaround”.It'simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon'tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses.Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheinteractionofrobotswillleadtocollaboration,notreplacement.9.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutJapan?A.Itrankstopinfutureroboticstechnology.B.Ittakestheleadinofferingroboticnursing.C.Itisindesperateneedofregisterednurses.D.Itprovidesthebestmedicationfortheelderly.10.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“implemented“underlinedinParagraph3?A.cancelled. B.constructed. C.improved. D.applied.11.WhatdoweknowabouttherobotActroidF?A.Ithasnodifferencefromahumannurse.B.Itgetsfavorableremarksfromallthepatients.C.Itinteractswithpatientslikeahumanpanion.D.Itusesbodylanguageevenmoreeffectivelythanwords.12.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsroboticnurses?A.Skeptical B.Positive C.Critical D.IndifferentDAdoctornamedChepurnovfromSiberiaconductedacontroversialcoronavirusimmunitytestaftersurvivingCOVID19inMarch.The68yearoldRussiandoctorspenttimewithcoronaviruspositivepatientswithoutwearingamasktoseeifhecouldgetasecondCOVID19infection.ThedoctorwasinfectedasecondtimeandexperiencedaworseCOVID19casethanhehadpreviously.Thisunusualcoronavirusimmunitytestcaneasilybefiledunderthe“onlyinRussia"sectionofCOVID19news.OnlyinRussiawasacoronavirusvaccineapprovedformassusebeforeanyscientificresearchwassharedwiththeworldandbeforethedrugclearedthePhase3trial.Thestorygetsevencrazier,consideringthedoctor'sage.At68yearsold,AlexanderChepurnovhappenstobethekindofCOVID19patientmostatriskofdevelopingaseverecase.Evenso,Chepurnov'scontroversialexperimentisn'twithoutworth.It'scertainlythekindofexperimentthatotherswouldn'tnecessarilyapproveof,especiallyinwesterncountries.Butit'sthekindofexperimentthatcanyieldresults—andChepurnovdidgethiswish.HewasreinfectedwithCOVID19withinsixmonthsfromthefirstbout.Chepurnovandhisresearchteamstartedtomonitorhisantibodies.Hediscoveredthattheyvanishedafterthreemonths."Theobservationshowedafairlyrapiddecrease,“hetoldthepaper."Bytheendofthethirdmonthfromthestartofthedisease,theyceasedtobedetermined."ThisfallsinlinewithotherstudiesaboutCOVID19antibodylife.Chepurnov'sstoryalsoseemstofallinlinewithotherstudiesthatsayimmunitycanlastforatleast57months.Thestoryalsoprovesthatimmunitylastsevenaftertheantibodiesaregoneandsuggeststhatotherimmunesystemponentsareindeedinvolvedinprovidingprolongedprotection.OtherstheorizedthatTcellswouldextendimmunitybeyondthelifeofthefirstbatchofantibodies.Chepurnov’sempirical（经验主义的）findingsarealsoimportantforvaccineresearch.Ifimmunitylastslessthanayear,moreboostershots（加强针剂）mightbeneededaftertheinitialdoses.ButNewsweekpointsoutaproblemwiththeexperiment.BecausehisfirstcaseofCOVID19hasn'tbeendiagnosedviaaPCRtest.Also,Chepurnov'sexperimenthasn'tbeenpublishedinascientificjournal,andit'sunclearwhatscientificrigors（精神）wereapplied.Still,ifhisfindingsareaccurate,Chepurnovisactuallyrighttowarnagainstusingaherdimmunityapproachtobeatthepandemic.13.WhyisChepurnovsexperimentconsideredcontroversial?A.Itsnoteffective. B.Itstoodangerous.C.ItsdisapprovedofbyRussia. D.ItsnotdiagnosedviaaPCRtest.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph3probablyreferto?A.Diseases. B.Viruses. C.Antibodies. D.Results.15.WhatisthefindingofChepurnovsexperiment?A.COVID19immunitylastspermanentlyinone'sbody.B.ThelongevityofCOVID19antibodiesisabout3months.C.OldpatientsaremostatriskofdevelopingasevereCOVID19.D.Vaccinationcanprotectonefrombeinginfectedwithallkindsofviruses.16.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.SiberiaisauniqueplacefortreatingCOVID19patients.B.NewsweekfoundtheevidenceagainstherdimmunitytoCOVID19.C.Researchesshowedhumansproduceantibodiesifinfectedwithcoronaviruses.D.AcontroversialexperimentoncoronavirusimmunitywasconductedinRussia.EWhetherit'sChinesesocialmedialikeSinaWeibo,orWesternmedialikeInstagramanFacebook,videoscangoviralinmerehours.Thewiderangeofviralvideossuggeststhatpopularconceptsarelargelyrandom.Afterall,whatlinkstherecentbroomchallengetofunnyinternetcatvideos?AccordingtoscientistsfromStanfordUniversity,US,thepopularityofavideocanbepredictedbylookingathowcertainareasofaperson'sbrainreactwithinthefirstfewsecondsofavideo.Thismethodhasbeencalledneuroforecasting（神经预测）.Theteammadethefindingbyrecruiting（招募）36volunteerstowatcharangeofvideoswhilebeingscannedwithanFMRIamachinethatcanmonitorthechangesinbloodoxygenandflow.Participantswereshown32differentvideosandweremonitoredaccordingtotheirbrainresponsesinfourdifferentareas.Theresultsshowedthatspecificbrainactivityduringthefirstfoursecondsofavideocouldeffectivelypredictaperson'sthoughtsonavideoandwhethertheywouldkeepwatching.UsingtheFMRIresults,theStanfordteamconsistentlysawincreasedactivityinthenucleusaccumbens（伏核）anddecreasedactivityintheanteriorinsula（前脑岛）partsofthebrainwhiletheparticipantswerewatchingthemostpopularofthe32vidcoselection.Accordingtothestudy,thesetwobrainregionsarerelatedtothefeelingofexpectationwegetwhenwe'renotcertainofsomething'soute.Stanfordneuroscientist（神经学家）andthestudy'sauthorBrianKnutsonsaid:"Ifweexamineoursubjects'choicestowatchthevideooreventheirreportedresponsestothevideos,theydon'ttellusaboutthegeneralresponseonline...Onlybrainactivityseemstoforecastavideo'spopularityontheinternet.”Headded,“Futureresearchmightalsosystematicallyanalyzethevideocontent,socontentcreatorscanusethesefindingstomaketheirvideosmorepopular.”Inthefuture,theteamaimstousethistypeofFMRIexperimenttounderstand"whetherprocessesthatgenerateindividualchoicecantellussomethingaboutchoicesmadebylargegroupsofpeople”.AccordingtoKnutson,thiscouldapplytoshoppingtrends,charitysupportandgeneralmoneyspending.17.WhatdidscientistsfromStanfordUniversityfind?A.Therearedifferencesbetweenviralvideosindifferentcultures.B.People'sreportedresponsecanpredictthepopularityofavideo.C.Therearelinksbetweenviralvideosunderdifferentsubjects.D.Viewers'initialbrainactivitycanforecastthepopularityofavideo.18.Whatwasthebrain'sresponsewhenviewerswatchedthemostpopularvideo?A.Allfourareasmonitoreddisplayedincreasedactivity.B.Oneareagotmoreactivewhileanotherbecamelessactive.C.Areasrelatedtothefeelingofuncertaintygotmoreactive.D.Theactivityofareasrelatedtothefeelingofexpectationincreased.19.WhatcanweconcludefromBrianKnutson'swords?A.Theparticipants'choicestowatchthevideoshelpthemmakethefinding.B.Howlongthesubjectswatchedthevideosalsomatteredtotheirconclusion.C.Ourbrainactivitycanshowsomethingweourselvesdon'trealize.D.Whenthevideowasbeyondtheviewers5expectation,itisgenerallypopular.20.Whatistheaimoftheteam'sfutureresearch?A.Exploringthelinkbetweenindividualandgeneralchoices.B.Interviewingcontentcreatorshowtheymakevideos.C.Discouragingmorecharityorganizations.D.Applyingtheirfindingstoarrestingcriminals.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyou'reaprocrastinator（拖延的人），you'refamiliarwiththepainandstressthatgoeshandinhandwhenleavingthingstothelastminute.Evenifyouwanttoacplishorfinishatask,you'relikelyhavingtroublegettingstartedinthefirstplace!_21 Changeyourmind.Stoppunishingyourselfforprocrastinating.Themorestressedoutyouare,theharderit'llbetogetyourworkdone.Don'tbeangrywithyourself.Justmoveonandfocusonwhatyou'vegottodoinstead._22_.Wastingtimeyellingatyourselffornotstartingthat2,000wordessaytwoweeksagowillonlymakeyouextratiredandfrustrated.Itwillalsostressyouout,likelymakingitimpossibleforyoutofinishyourassignmentatthattime.Avoidalongdisorganizedtodolist.Thisisjustsettingyourselfupforfailure.Instead,createsubcategorieslike"Home”,"Work","Family",and"Fun"andjusttrytocrossoffafewentries（条目）fromeachlisteveryday.Domostimportanttaskfor15minutes.Insteadofthinkingaboutthetotalnumberofhoursyou'reabouttoworkfor,juststart.Tellyourselfyou'veonlygottodoitfor15minutes._23_.Onceyoueupforair,takeatwominutebreak.Thenstartuponanothersetof15minutesofwork._24_Itcanbescarytothinkaboutfinishingawholeessayorgettingthroughanentireweek'sworthoftasks.Insteadofthinkingabouteverythingyouhavetodolikeonebigobstacle,breakitalldownintotinypieces._25_A.Breaktasksdownintosmallpieces.B.Neverthinkaboutthepastexperiences.C.Guiltandregretarenegativeemotions.D.However,thereisalwayssometimewhenyoucan'tpullthrough.E.If15minutesstillsoundstoofrightening,dosomethingforjust3minutes.F.Thus,you'llbeabletogetstartedonthesmallestpieceandgoforwardfromthere.G.Hopefully,thereareseveralstrategiesthatcanhelpyoustopprocrastinatingrightnow.第二部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节：完型填空（共20小题，每小题1・5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Instormravaged（风暴肆虐的）SantaClarita,California,lastMarch,MartinezapproachedRunnerRoadcarefully.A 26 creek（小溪）hadfloodedit.Martinez,drivingaToyotaSUV, 27he'dbeOK.Big 28.Halfwayacross,therushingwatergrabbedholdofhisvehicle,sweepingitofftheroad.Itfinally 29 agood80feetaway,whenthe30somehowliftedtheSUVandputitintothegroundata45degreeangle,Shakenandtrappedinsidewiththewaterrisingquickly,Martinezwascertainhewasgoingto_31_.OntheroadrightbehindMartinezwereadelivery32 andhisniece.They33thehorrorunfold,andwhenMartinez'sSUVcameto34inthemiddleofthepouringcreek,themanlandedto 35 .First,hegrabbedstrong 36fromthebackofhisvanandtiedtheunsteadySUVto37posts.ThenheclimbedonthetopofMartinez's38andhitarearwindowwithhisfists.Frustrated,he 39tohisnieceandyelled,66Givemea40!”Overandoverhehittherockintothe41 veryhard,butinvain."WewerescaredthatsomethingelsewasgoingtoedownandtaketheSUV,takehim,takemyuncle.”KristinaReyes,27,said.Butheruncle'snamewasnotpubliclyknown.Reyes'suncleshoutedtoMartinezto 42awayfromthewindow.He 43 andthrewtherock.44 ,theglassbroke.Soon,asoakedMartinezwentoutofthewindow,andthemenescapedtodryland.Martinezwassavedbya（n） 45 deliverydriver.26.A.desertedB.swollenC.forbiddenD.floated27.A.warnedB.ignoredC.figuredD.delighted28.A.mistakeB.luckC.dealD.fortune29.A.stoppedB.continuedC.pushedD.pulled30.A.thunderB.cloudC.waterD.rain31.A.prepareB.liveC.jumpD.die32.A.judgeB.policemanC.salesmanD.driver33.A.talkedB.watchedC.hesitatedD.brushed34.A.headB.stretchC.restD.select35.A.fetchB.earnC.sendD.act36.A.rocksB.ropesC.branchesD.posts37.A.remoteB.straightC.nearbyD.movable38.A.vehicleB.boatC.truckD.van39.A.turnedB.opposedC.objectedD.treated40.A.footB.handC.fistD.rock41.A.bottomB.windowC.houseD.road42.A.moveB.riseC.flyD.hide43.A.pickedupB.putawayC.putforwardD.leanedback44.A.FinallyB.ExactlyC.FrequentlyD.Unluckily45.A.unfairB.unhappyC.unknownD.unable第二节单句选择（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）46.WhenaCostcocustomerwalksinthedoor,heorsheexpectsthattheproductswillbehighqualityandofferedatalowprice.A.to B.of C.at D.about47.Inthedarknessofnight,Icouldjustatall,pale,shadowyfigurestrugglingthroughthewoods.A.carryout B.fillout C.makeout D.lookout48.Iheardthatasmanyas200thousandpeoplewerediagnosedwithCOVID19intheUnitedStatesyesterday.—Yes.newscameasshocktome.A.The; a B./;the C.The;/ D.The;the49.petitionforcesthemalwaystothelatesttechnology,whichbothincreasesoutputandputspressureonprices.A.encounter B.establish C.estimate D.employ50.Hawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.A.that B.why C.where D.which51.WithappropriatemeasurescontrollingtheoutbreakofCOVID19,China'seconomyis again.A.pickingup B.puttingup C.takingup D.lookingup52.Hewasborninanextendedfamily.Hisfamily,isricherthanmine.A.ifso B.ifanything C.ifever D.Ifnot53.Ifsalwaysagoodideatotakeamapwheninastrangecityasithelpsyouto.A.getin B.getover C.getacross D.getaround54.ItisthroughdecadesofhardworkChinahasprogressedtoanewstage.A.that B.where C.which D.what55.—Isthereahospitalnearby?Ihurtmyankle,andcannotmovenow.—It'sabout3blocksaway.Iyouthere.A.took B.take C.willtake D.havetaken56.Passengerstalktothedriverwhilethebusismoving,becauseitwilltakehisfocusofftheroad.A.wouldnot B.mustnot C.maynot D.neednot57.Mostofthetransparentanimalsareextremelyandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.A.dynamic B.deliberate C.delicate D.digital58.ThebossintheenddecidedtogivethepositiontohebelievedhadagoodmandofChinese.A.who B.anyone C.whomever D.whoever59.Hiswellpaidjobfivethousanddollarsamonthforhisfamily.A.bringsup B.bringsin C.bringsdown D.bringsout60.Legendsitthatthelakewasformedbythetearofagoddess.A.makes B.has C.puts D.goes61.Thenewsoftheearthquakewhenalargequantityofreliefsuppliestothedisasterstrickenarea.A.hashardlybeenspread;wasdelivered B.washardlyspread;weredeliveredC.hadhardlyspread;weredelivered D.hadhardlyspread;wasdelivered62.Bydoingso,youcanmoreinformationanddetailsaboutthetopic,andbetterunderstandit.A.keepupwith B.doawaywith C.haveaccessto D.getdownto63.Toensurethesafetyofthepassengersandimprovethetrafficconditions,anewlawhassinceJanuary1st,2021.A.eintoeffect B.getawaywith C.bringtolight D.etopower64.Ipicturerichsoundsandmyfriendsdeveloptheandsortthebestimages.A.fantasy B.famine C.film D.facilities65.Iknowthedinnerwithyourbosswillbeboring,butifyougetanimportantphonecallduringmeal,itiseasierto..A.makeahit B.makeanexit C.makeadifference D.makeadistinction第三节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peoplewillconnecttotheirculturalgroupthroughsimilarfoodpatterns.Immigrantsoftenusefoodas66meansofkeepingtheiridentity.Peoplefromdifferentbackgroundseatdifferentfood.Theareas67familiesliveinfluencefoodlikesanddislikes.Fooditemsthemselveshavemeaning68(attach)tothem.InmanyWesterncountries,aboxofchocolatewouldbeviewedasanappropriategift.Thereceiverofthegiftwouldreact69_(different)toagiftofcabbagesorcarrots.Inothercountries,however,chocolatemightbealessappropriategift.Nationsorcountriesareoftenlinked70certainfood.Forexample,many