2022届陕西省重点高考英语一模试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1.Mydaughter,allkindsofmeat,wouldnotliketoeatanyvegetable,whichworriesmealot.

A.devotedtoB.addictedtoC.accustomedtoD.exposedto

2.Weshouldbearinmindthatsocialdevelopmentandbalanceofnatureshouldgoin.

A.companyB.sympathyC.associationD.harmony

3.Youhavebookedtheticketsinadvance;therewereplentyleft.

A.needn'tB.can't

C.shouldn'tD.mustn't

4.ThoughwintersinBritainarecoldandthereisusuallysnow,thereareplacesforskiing.

A.someB.manyC.fewD.afew

5.PresidentXiunderlinesthatitisonlywithjointeffortstokeepmaritimepeacebuildamaritimecommunity

withasharedfutureformankind.

A.canweB.wecanC.thatwecanD.thatcanwe

6.Myneighbourcametoaskmewhytherewassomuchnoiseinmyhouseyesterdayafternoon.Itoldherthatsome

childrenanEnglishsong.

A.praticedB.wouldpracticeC.havepracticedD.werepracticing

7.TheWinterOlympicsin2022willsurelybringinmanyinternationaltourists.

A.heldB.havingheldC.holdingD.tobeheld

8.Theprofessorabouthowtoprotecttheendangeredanimalintheconferenceatthistimetomorrow.

A.talkedB.talksC.hasbeentalkingD.willbetalking

9.Therealreasonwhyprices,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplain

thisproblem.

A.wereB.willbe

C.havebeenD.hadbeen

10.TheSmallGoosePagodainXi'an,oneofthe22SilkRoadrelicslocatedinChina,backin707duringthe

TangDynasty.

A.datedB.wasdated

C.datesD.isdating

11.Theworld'sattentionChina'sBeltandRoadInitiative9asithasgreatinfluenceontheworld'seconomy.

A.istofixonB.wasfixedon

C.hasfixedonD.isbeingfixedon

12.Itcameasagreattotheparentsthattheirsonfinallycamebacksafeandsound.

A.reliefB.sense

C.relaxionD.favor

13.—Doyoulikethebookyoufatherboughtyou?

—Verymuch.It'sexactlyIwanted.

A.whichB.that

C.whatD.how

14.Theyoungmanwhowasexpectedtohisfather'scompany,madeanunusualdecisionthathewouldstart

hisownbusiness.

A.handoverB.thinkover

C.gooverD.takeover

15.Infrontofthewholeaudience,PremiereLimadehispromisethegovernmentwouldtryitsbesttosolvethe

problemofpovertyinChina.

A.whatB.which

C.whetherD.that

16.Mostspendingthatresultsindebtislikeadrug:aquickhitofpleasurethat,onlytodragyoudownforyears

tocome.

A.takesoffB.wearsoffC.setsoffD.showsoff

17.Forathird-culturekid,itisofteneasiertoanewforeigncountrythantotheir"home"country.

A.movingB.tomoveC.moveD.moved

18.Difficultiesstrengthenthemind,labourdoesthebody.

A.ifB.as

C.forD.so

19.therequirementissethigh,itisablessingforChinesestudentsthatCambridgeUniversityusesscoreson

Gaokaoaspartofitsadmissioncriteria.

A.AsB.WhileC.OnceD.Where

20.Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningdaygetabigprize.

A.mustB.shall

C.wouldD.could

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild'slevelofconfidence.Therearesome

otherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeorpositive

choiceofwords.Forexample,wecansaytoachild"Don'trunintotraffic!"or"Stayonthefootpathclosetome.”In

usingthelatter;youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeof

situation,becausetheyknowwhattodo,andaren'tscaringthemselvesaboutwhatnottodo.

Actually,itisallinthewaythehumanmindworks.Whatwethink,weautomaticallyrehearse.Forexample,if

someoneofferedyouamilliondollarsnottothinkofabluemonkeyfortwominutes,youwouldn'tbeabletodoit

Whenachildistold"Don'tfalloffthetree,“hewillthinkoftwothings:"don't”and"falloffthetree”.Thatis,hewill

automaticallycreatethepictureoffallingoffthetreeinhismind.Achildwhoisvividlyimaginingfallingoffthetreeis

muchmorelikelytofalloff.Soitisfarbettertouse"Holdontothetreecarefully.”

Clearly,positiveinstructionshelpkidstounderstandtherightwaytodothings.Kidsdonotalwaysknowhowto

besafe,orhowtoreacttothewarningofthedangerinnegativewords.Soparentsshouldmaketheircommands

positive.wSam,holdonfirmtothesideoftheboat”ismuchmoreusefulthan"Don'tyoudaretofalloutoftheboat?”

orworsestill“HowdoyouthinkFilfeelifyoudrown?"Thechangesaresmallbutdifferenceisobvious.

Childrenlearnhowtoguideandorganizethemselvesfromthewayweguidethemwithourwords,soitpaystobe

positive.

1、Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidsto.

A.dothingscarefullyB.learnindifferentsituations

C.improvetheirimaginationD.builduptheirconfidence

2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?

A.Onecan'thelpimaginingwhatisheard.

B.Achildwillactonwhatisinstructed.

C.Achildwillfalloffthetreewhentoldnotto.

D.Onewon'tthinkofabluemonkeywhengivenmoney.

3、Whichofthefollowingcommandshelpskidstobesafe?

A.Fastenyourseatbelt.

B.Don'tplaybythelake.

C.HowdoyouthinkP1Ifeelifyougethurt?

D.Don'tyoudaretowalkthroughtheredlight?

4、Themainideaofthepassageisthat・

A.praisemakeskidsconfidentB.rightinstructionskeepkidssafe

C.positiveinstructionsguidekidsD.clearcommandsmakekidsdifferent

22.（8分）KillerwhalesinAlaska'sBeringSeahavefiguredoutaneasywaytogetfed.Insteadofseekingoutthe

fishthem-selves,thecleverwhaleschasedownfishingboatsandstealtheentirecatchoftheday,asmuchas20,000to

30,000pounds.

Killerwhale“thieves”arenotanewphenomenon.Japanesefishermenhavereportedbeingfollowedbykiller

Whalessincethe1950s.However,theincreasingfrequencyofwhaleHshtheftintheBeringSea'scontinentalshelfisnow

threateningthelivelihoodoffishermen.

PaulClampitt,alocalfisherman,sayshiscrewtriedtokeepthewhalesawaywithloudsounds.Thoughthat

workedforashorttime,thewhalesnowconsiderthenoise“adinnerbell”.JayHerberttriedusingsonartokeepthe

whalesaway.Healsometwithlittlesuccess.Accordinglotheexperiencedfisherman,thesmartwhalesdeliberatelyseek

outlongliners（延绳钓渔船），and,allthefirstopportunitypresentedtothem,stealthefish,leavingbehindjustthelips

ofthefishcaught!

NOAAFisheriesbiologistJohnMoranisnotsurprisedatthewhales9thievingskill.Theexpertsayswhalesare

skilledhunterswhocandistinguishthesoundsofdifferentboatsandevenrecognizethesoundsoftheoperatingsystem

thatplacesthefishingequipmentintotheocean.Theexpertjokes,uGrabbingafishoffalineisnothing."Sincetheyare

socialanimals,itiseasyforwhalestopasstheirskillsontoothers.

Killerwhalesarenottheonlywhalespeciesthathavelearnedtostealfromhumans.IntheGulfofAlaska,sperm

whalesalsoconductsimilarthefts.LonglinefishermenoffWashington,Chile,Australia,Hawaii,andmanyother

countrieshavereportedsimilarincidents.Thereis,unfortunately,noeasyfixtothisproblem.Oneofthepossible

solutionsisusingpottrapssimilartotheonesusedtocatchcrabs.However,thecostofswitchingfromlonglinetopot

fishingistoohigh,especiallyforsmall-scalefisheries.Thereisalsonoguaranteethatthecatchwillbesafefromthe

intelligentwhaleswhich,manyfear,willeventuallyfigureouthowtoopenthepots!

1、WhatconcernsfishermeninAlaska?

A.Thekillerwhaleseatingtheirfish.B.Thedecreaseofnumbersofwhales.

C.Thekillerwhaleschasingtheirboats.D.Thehighcostofoperatingfishingboats.

2、Whatmaybethemeanstoprotectfishermen'scatchatpresent?

A.Loudsounds.B.Pottraps.

C.Sonar.D.Dinnerbells.

3、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Whalescanlearnfromeachother.

B・Whales'thievingskillssurpriseexperts.

C.Whalesareabletocommunicatewithfishermen.

D.Killerwhalesarethemostintelligentwhalespecies

4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FishermenFacingDangerB.WhalesTeasingFishermen

C.ThievesStealingfromFishermenD.WhalesLivingAllovertheWorld

23.（8分）Ittakesaspecialpersontotravelwithkids-aparent.Chiidrenhavetheirownneeds.Theirideaofa

vacationismore^adventurous^thanaparenfs.Theyneedconstantinspirationandtheycangetastiredastheyare

tiring.

Makesureyouhaveplentyofroomwhiletraveling

u,9

Ifyouaredriving,getamini-van.Sure9youmightbemoreofacartype,andyoumighthaveresistedbuyinga

mini—vansofar.Butpickuparentalvanforthevacationjusttogivethekidsalittlemoreroomforfighting.

Accommodationsalongthewaycanbetricky.Usuallyitinvolvesacrowdedmotelforjustlongenoughtosleep9then

backinthecrowdedcar.Thisisnotanybody'sideaofahomeawayfromhome.Anaccommodationalternativeisto

camp,butnoteveryoneenjoysagoodearlymorningwake-upwrestlewithabearasmuchasIdo,soamotelmightbe

required.

Makesureyouhaveplentyofroomwhenyouwgetthere”

Assumingyouareactuallyheadingforadestination9makesuretohavelotsofroomwhenyougetthere.Thispartis

easy.Butitrequiresthinkingoutsidethebox.Forgethotels,motels>andinns.Lookforprivaterentalhomes.

ProbablythebiggestdestinationforfamiliesisWaltDisneyWorldinFlorida.Goodnews—Orlando»Kissimmeeand

thesurroundingareaisfullofprivatevacationhomesforrent.InFloridatheycallthemvacationvillas»andtheyoffer

allthespaceofhome.

Bepreparedforuchildrenbeingchildren9,events

Sometimes,stresshitsyoufrombehindwhentheunexpectedhappens.Likeacutorascrape...orachildgetting

sick.SharonBaillietoldmethatiswhyshetellsallhervillarentalguestswherethefirst-aidcasecanbefound,and

exactlywheretogoformedicalattention.Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforhermanyguestsfromabroad,whoare

unfamiliarwiththeUShealthcaresystem.

Bookingticketstothemeparksandmakingreservationsforjustabouteverythinginadvancemakesthetripless

stressful.Tryhavingyourchildrenbaby-sat.Hirealocalbaby-sitteronceortwice.VacationHomeownerscansetthisup

foryou,andsomehotelsmightbewillingto,too.

1、Wheredoestheauthorprefertorestonthewaytothedestination?

A.Inacamp.B.Inamini-van.C.Atamotel.D.Inacar.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Bookingticketsinadvance.B.Hiringababy-sitter.

C.Makingreservationsaheadoftime.D.Lookingforatourguide.

3、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroducewaysoftravelling.

B.Toadvertisevacationhomesfortourists.

C.Toreducethestresswhiletravelingabroad.

D.Toshowhowtotravelcomfortablywithkids.

24.（8分）Everyyeararoundtheworld,humanswasteanestimated1.3billiontonsoffood.Thishappenseven

thoughmanypeoplegohungry.Sosomepeoplehavemadeittheirlife'sworkclaimingfoodbeforeitgoestowasteand

thengivingittopeoplewhoarehungry.

OneofthosepeopleisBrettMyers.In2011,MyersstartedNourishNow,afoodrecoveryandfoodbankintheU.S.

stateofMaryland.Thisnon-profitorganizationcollectsfoodandthengivesittothepoorandorganizationsthat

supportthem.

“NourishNowisafoodrecovery-basedfoodbankthatrecoversfoodfromrestaurants,cateringcompanies,grocery

stores,hotels,farmsandmore.Andthendonatesthatfooddirectlytofamiliesinneed,kidsinneedatlocalschools/5

Eachmonth,itrecoversmorethan20,000kilogramsoffoodandserves700needyfamilies,schoolsandsocial

organizations.Everyday,staffandvolunteersrepackagethedonationsanddistributethemtorecipients.

AwomannamedRhodaisoneoftherecipients.Shedescribesthequalityofthefooddeliveredtoherfamilyby

NourishNow."Itconsistsoffreshfood,fruitsandvegetables.Youwillgetbread.Sometimesyougetdairyproductssuch

asyogurtormilk.Andyouwillgetsomemeatitemsalso.Andifyougetluckyyoumightgetcookedfood,orprepared

salads,andstufflikethat.”

Thesuppliescanfeedafamilyforfivedays.Eachrecipientisabletoreceivefoodevery30days.Andthepackages

aremadetofitthedietaryneedsofeachfamily.

Besidesfamilies,theorganizationalsodonatessmallmealscalledsnackstoseveralnearbyschoolsandsocial

organizations.

NourishNowhasgrownconsiderablysinceitopened.Brendaisoneofthem.Partofherjobasavolunteeristo

makesurethatnoneofthefoodgoestowaste.

“Inthemorning,Imakesurethatallthethingsthatcamelateyesterday,getputawaysothatweusethatlast,and

weusedthethingsthatcamethedaybeforefirst,sothatwe'realwaysgivingfreshfoodandwe'renotthrowingout

anything.”

1、WhatdovveknowaboutNourishNow?

A.Itdonatesmoneytothepoor.

B.Itbenefitsfromcollectingfood.

C.Itgetsfoodfrommanyplaces.

D.Itdistributesfoodonlytothepoor.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto?

A.NourishNow.B.Thepoor.C.Foodbanks.D.Organizations.

3、WhatdoestheauthorwanttoclarifywiththeexampleRhodainParagraph5?

A.Therecoveredfoodisfreshandrich.

B.Sheisn'tsatisfiedwiththefoodsupplied.

C.Eatingbettercankeeppeoplehealthier.

D.Shecangetfooddonationseveryfivedays.

4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.PeopleShouldTakeCareoftheWeak

B.ThePoorAreSufferingfromStarvation

C.NourishNowCallsonPeopletoSaveFood

D.GroupUsesLeftoverFoodtoFeedtheHungry

25・（10分）AnewstudysuggestsclimateconditionsintheSaharaDesert,oneofhottest,driestandmost

desertedareasintheworld,havechangedfromwettodryaaboutevery20,000years.

ButpreviousevidencehassuggestedtheSaharadidnotalwaysexperiencesuchextremeheatanddryconditions.At

times,theSaharaRangedtoaverywetclimate.Thispermittedplantsandanimalstodevelopandgrowandledtothe

creationofhumansettlements.Now,theyhavediscoveredmoreevidence,which,theleadresearcherDavidMeGeesays,

supportstheideathattheSahara'sclimatekeptchangingbetweenwetanddryaboutevery20,000,years.

McGeereportedtheseclimatechangesweremainlydrivenbychangesintheEarth's（地轴）astheplanettravels

roundthesun.Thisprocessaffectstheamountofsunlightbetweenseasons.Every20,000yearstheEarthreceivesmore

strongsummersunlight.WhentheEarth'saxischangesagain,theamountofsunlightisreduced.Thisseasonchange

happenedcontinuouslyevery20,000years.Theotherpartoftheseasonproducedrainyconditions,resultinginawetter;

greener,plant-richenvironment.Whentherainyactivityweakens,theclimatebecomeshotanddry,liketheSahara

remainstoday.

Thescientistsbasedtheirresearchondustcollectedfromoceansediment（沉积物）intheAtlanticOceanbottomoff

thecoastofWestAfrica.Thedustcontainedlayers（层）ofancientsedimentbuiltupovermillionsofyears.Eachlayer

couldcontaintracesofSaharandustaswellastheremainsoflifeforms.Thisinformationwasusedtoassessoverwhat

timeperiodthedusthadbuiltup.ThisledtotheoverallfindingthattheSaharanchangesfromwettodryclimates

happenedevery20,000years.

DavidMcGeesaidthattodayweonlyseetheSaharaDesertasanextremelydesertedand^inhospitable^place.The

newstudysuggeststhatthearea'sclimatehaschangesbetweengrasslandsandamuchwetterenvironment,andbackto

dryclimates,evenoverthelastquartermillionyears.McGeesayshethinksthelatestresearchcanbevaluablein

studyingtheSahara'shistoryasitrelatestohumansettlement.

1、WhatdoesthenewstudyfindabouttheSaharaDesert?

A.Itisoneofthehottest,driestandmostdesertedareasinAfrica.

B.Italwaysexperiencesextremeconditionsbecauseofitsposition.

C.Itsclimatechangesbetweenwetanddryaboutevery20,000years.

D.Itsenvironmentalconditionsstopplantsandanimalsfromsurviving.

2、WhatisthedirectreasonforSahara'sclimatechanges?

A.Rainyactivity.B.Solarradiation.

C.Humanactivity.D.Globalenvironment.

3、Howdidtheresearchersacquiretheevidence?

A.Byanalyzingoceanlife.

B.BystudyingSahara'shistory.

C.Bycollectingdustonthecoast.

D.Byexaminingmeansediment.

4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhospitable"probablymean?

A.Unsuitabletolive.B.InsignificantIostudy.

C・Unabletoexplore.D.Impossibletochange.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）Doyoueverfeellikeyouarestudyingamadrushofonesubjectafteranother?Whenthings

happenatsucha]pace,itiseasytolosesightofwhatyouarelearning.Itisimportantto2everynow

andthentothinkaboutwhatyouhavebeenlearning.

Selfreflection（反思）meansstoppingthemadrushand3yourselfsothatyourbraincanevaluatewhatit

hasalready4Somepeopleprefertodotheirselfreflections5,whileotherskeepajournal.Either

methodcanwork,dependingonwhatyourownpersonal6is.

Schooltextbooksareoftendividedintounits.Thiscanmakeit7forsomeonetobegintheprocessofself

reflection.Watchforthetimeswhenyoucompleteaunitofstudy.Sometimesyouareremindedthattheunitis8

becausethereissomekindoftestorquiz.Usethesenatural9asopportunitiestostopandreflect.

Youshouldfinda10place—anywherewithoutnoiseisOK.Thiscanevenbesittingatyourdeskatschool

whenyoufinishsomething11andtheotherstudentsarestillworking.Ifyouaregoingtotakenotes,takeout

yourjournalandwritedownsomenotesonthingsthatyou12learnedinthisunit.Letyourmindthinkaboutthe

notesyouhavewrittenandmakesome13,

Sometimesjustpausingtothinkdeeplyallowsyourbraintomakeconnections14newinformationcan

quicklyappearwhenyou15itagain.Next,thinkaboutthingsthatyoustillwonderabout.16,maybe

youlearnedaboutacertainbodysystem,butyoudon't17howitworkswiththeotherbodysystems.Maybe

youlearnedanewwaytosolveamathproblem,butyouarenotsurewhentouseit.Writingdownyour18will

helpyouremembertocontinueseekinganswersthenexttimeyou19thesametopic.

Selfreflectionisanessentialskillfora20student.Ifyouhavenevertakenthetimetoreflect,tryitnow.

1、A.fastB.steadyC.relaxingD.unique

2、A.changeB.checkC.stopD.exercise

3、A.calmingB.enjoyingC.behavingD.helping

4、A.dealtB.forgottenC.foundD.received

5、A.personallyB.mentallyC.slowlyD.directly

6、A.paceB.gradeC.styleD.skill

7、A.quickB.possibleC.suitableD.easy

8^A.finishedB.dividedC.interruptedD.covered

9、A.unitsB.testsC.breaksD.periods

10、A.quietB.familiarC.safeD.remote

11、A.earlyB.correctlyC.finallyD.independently

12、A.activelyB.newlyC.rapidlyD.carefully

13、A.choicesB.decisionsC.connectionsD.improvements

14、A.sothatB.incaseC.evenifD.asthough

15、A.seekB.shareC.showD.need

16、A.IngeneralB.OfcourseC.ForexampleD.Asusual

17、A.knowB.doubtC.believeD.remember

18、A.opinionsB.questionsC.worriesD.methods

19、A.comeacrossB.getthroughC.thinkofD.takeaway

20、A.talentedB.youngC.seriousD.successful

第二节（每小题1・5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）OnceJamesThornhill,afamousEnglishpainter,wasaskedL_（paint）somepicturesonthewallsofthe

king'spalaceinEnglish.Thenworkersweresentforand22_bigplatformwasmade.3.thehelpofaworker,Thornhill

startedpaintingontheplatform.Theyworkedforawholeyear4.atlastthepictureswereready.

Thornhillwashappywhenhelookedatthepictures,fortheywere52_（real）beautiful.Helookedatthemforalong

time,andthentookonestepbackandlookedagain.Nowthepictureswereeven6・（much）beautiful.Hetookanother

step,thenanother.Finallyhewasattheveryedgeoftheplatform,buthedidnotknowitbecausehe7.（think）ofhis

pictures.

Theworkersaweverything.M8.shouldIdo?”hethought.^Thornhillisattheveryedgeoftheplatform.IfIcry

out,hewilltakeanotherstep,fallofftheplatformandsurelybekilled."Sotheworkerquicklytooksomepaintand

threw9,atthepicture.uWhatareyoudoing?”criedthepainter,10・（run）quicklyforwardtohispictures.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有1（）处语言错误，

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Thepersonwhotouchedmemostisanunknownlady、Istudyinacityschoolbutlivesinavillage15kilometersaway、

Oneafternoon,Ireceiveacallfrommyfamilysayingmymomwasseriousill>Ihurriedtothebusstation,onlyfindthe

lastbushadleft、Feelanxious,Idecidedtowalkhome>OnthewayacarstoppedandthedriveraskedmethatI

neededhelp>Worriedaboutbeingcheated,Isaidanything、ButshewassuchsincerethatIfinallyacceptedheroffer>

Whenwereachedmyvillage,itwasdark、Seeinghercaroutofthesight、Iwasintear、WheneverIthinkofher,I

alwaysfeelgratefuR

第二节