西昌学院跨文化复习资料

Unit1CultureBehindLanguage请同学们认真学习教材第一章谚语局部P17-181).FillinBlanksDirections:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.a.Cultureb.Subgroupc.Culturalidentityd.Subculture(1)_A___isthedepositofknowledge,experience,beliefs,values,actions,attitudes,hierarchies,religions,notionsoftime,roles,spatialrelations,conceptsoftheuniverse,andartifactsacquiredbyagroupofpeopleinthecourseofgenerationsthroughindividualandgroupstriving.(2)__D__referstoaculturethatexistswithindominantculture,andisoftenbasedoneconomicorsocialclass,ethnicity,race,orgeographicregion.(3)__B__,usuallydoesnotinvolvethesamelargenumberofpeopleandisnotnecessarilythoughtofasaccumulatingvaluesandpatternsovergenerationsinthesamewayasculturedo.(4)___C_referstoone'ssenseofbelongingtoparticularcultureorethnicgroup.2).TrueorFalseQuestions:Directions:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearnedinthischapter.(1)___T_Theicebergmodelofcultureimpliesitisverydifficulttounderstandaculturethoroughly.(2)__F_Cultureisinnateassoonaspersonisborn.(3)__T__Peoplemaysometimesgettermconfusedabouthisorherculturalidentity.(4)_F___Scholarspreferthetermsubculturetoco-cultureindescribingaculturewhichexistswithinadominateculture.(5)__T__Apersoncouldbeamemberofseveraldifferentsubgroupsatthesametime.3)Translation:Directions:PutthefollowingproverbsintoChineseDiscontentisthefirststeponprogress.不知足是前进的第一步Workwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay.工作时工作，玩耍时玩耍Welldoneisbetterthanwellsaid说得好不如做得好Lifeisbutacandlebeforethewind.人生好比风中烛Thereisnothingtofearbutfearitself.最大的恐惧是恐惧本身Timelostcannotbewornagain.时间一去不复返Keystoassessment:1).(1)a(2)d(3)b(4)c2).(1)T(2)F(3)T(4)F(5)T3).(1)不知足是前进的第一步。(2)工作时工作，玩耍时玩耍。(3)说得好不如做得好。(4)人生好比风中烛。(5)最大的恐惧是恐惧本身。〔6〕时间一去不复返。请讲解第一章谚语并进展相应复习。Unit2CommunicatingInterculturally请教师们讲解教材P38-41页练习题FillinBlanksDirections:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.Channelb.Senderc.Receiverd.InterculturalCommunication(1).______B_____referstothepersonwhotransmitsamessage.(2).____A_____(sometimescalledthemedium)isthemethodusedtodeliveramessage.(3).____C_____isanypersonwhonoticesandgivessomemeaningtoamessage.(4).____D_____iscommunicationbetweenpeoplewhoseculturalperceptionandsymbolsystemaredistinctenoughtoalterthecommunicationevent.TrueorFalseQuestionsDirections:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orFalse(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearntinthischapter.(1).____F_____intraculturalcommunicationoccurswhenthesenderandthereceiverfromdifferentracesexchangemessages.(2).____T_____Communicationandcultureareinseparableandstronglyconnected.(3).____F_____Thesendermustchoosecertainwordsornonverbalmethodstosendanintentionalmessage.Thisactivityiscalleddecoding(4).____F_____Theprocessofcommunicationhasninecomponents:sender,encoding,message,channel,noise,receiver,decoding,feedback,andcontext.CaseanalysisWeandThey--RudyardKiplingFather,Mother,andMe,SisterandAuntiesayAllthepeoplelikeusareWe,AndeveryoneelseisThey.AndTheyliveovertheseaWhileweliveovertheway,But-wouldyoubelieveit-TheylookuponWeAsonlyasortofThey!WeeatporkandbeefWithcow-horn-handledknives.TheywhogobbleTheirriceoffaleafArehorrifiedoutTheirlives;WhileTheywholiveupatree,Feastongrubsandclay,(Isn'titscandalous)LookuponWeAsasimpledisgustingThey!Weeatkitchenfood.Wehavedoorsthatlatch.TheydrinkmilkandbloodUnderanopenthatch.Wehavedoctorstofee.TheyhaveWizardstopay.And(impudentheathen!)TheyLookuponWeAsaquiteimpossibleThey!Allgoodpeopleagree,Andallgoodpeoplesay,Allnicepeople,likeus,areWeAndeveryoneelseisThey:Butifyoucrossoverthesea,Insteadofovertheway,Youmayendby(thinkofit!)lookingonWeAsonlysortofThey!Answerthefollowingquestions:Whodoyouthink“We〞and“They〞refertointhispoemCompareandcontrast“We〞and“They〞.Whatdoesthepoetwanttotellusabouttheworld答案：1.“We〞herereferstopeoplewhoarethesamerace/nationalities;“They〞referstopeoplewhoarenotthesamewith“We〞,and“They〞arethedifferentraces2.“We〞eatporkandbeefwithcow-horn-handledknives,eatkitchenyfood,havedoorsthatlacth“They〞whogobbletheirriceoffaleaf,drinkmilkandblood.3.Thepoetwantstotellusthat“we〞and“They〞shouldknoweachothermore,andavoidsomeculturebarrierstohaveeffectiveinterculturalcommunication.跨文化沟通P41-42作为参考范围，详情请参考书籍。Unit3BarriersinInterculturalcommunicationI．NonverbalcommunicationRacismStereotypingPrejudiceEthnocentrismreferstonegativelyjudgingaspectsofanotherculturebythestandardsofone’sownculture.2._Prejudice__referstotheirrationaldislike,suspicion,orhatredofaparticulargroup,race,religion,orsexualorientation.Nonverbalcommunication__isthestudyofnonverbalcommunicationsentbytheeyes.Racism_isanypolicy,practice,belief,orattitudethatattributescharacteristicsorstatustoindividualsbasedontheirrace.Stereotyping_isusedtorefertonegativeorpositivejudgmentsmadeaboutindividualsbasedonanyobservableorbelievedgroupmembership.=2\*ROMANII.TrueorFalseQuestions1.TThepsychologicalfiltersrefertothepsychologicalfactors,includingtheattitudes,beliefs,anddispositionsoftheindividual.2.

TEthnocentrism,stereotyping,prejudiceandracismarelearned.3.

TAlthoughstereotypesareconsideredasbeingnegativejudgments,theycanalsobepositive.4.

TWhencommunicatingwithpeoplefromothercultures,anindividualsometimesislikelytotreatthemas〞hispeople〞andtoassumethereisonlyonewayofdoingthings:thatis〞hisway〞.5.

FAssumptionofsuperioritymayleadtoassumingsimilarityinsteadofdifference.答案：1-5TTTTF6.TAbigdinnerwasarrangedbyHongandheruniversitytowelcomeJoe.T提示：case207.FAttheendofthevisitJoetreatedHongandtheChairoftheDepartmenttodinnertothankthem.F提示：case208.THongdidn’trealizethatherarrangementmadeJoefeellikeaprisoner.T提示：case209.TJoehasaChinesefriendwhoisworkinginaChineseuniversity.T提示：case2010.TWhencommunicatingwithpeoplefromothercultures,anindividualsometimesislikelytotreatthemas“hispeople〞andtoassumethereisonlyonewayofdoingthings:thatis“hisway〞.T提示：Ethnocentrism11.FJoewouldliketohavesometimetoexplorethecityandthearea,andtheitinerarywouldleavehimsomefreetime.F12.FAttheendofthevisitJoetreatedHongandtheChairoftheDepartmenttodinnertothankthem.F13.TJoefeltannoyedbecausealltheplansweremadewithoutconsultinghim.T答案6-13TFTTTFFT〔该局部判断题的案例来自于参考教材第四章P104case20ChineseHospitality--Overdone〕II.MultipleChoiceQuestions1.Anxietyhappensoutofbeingafraidoffailureincommunicationevents,while__________happenswhenweareunabletopredictothers'ideasandbehaviors.A.prejudiceB.racismC.uncertaintyD.stereotype提示：anxietyandcertainty,2._____________dealswithhowwellacceptedorwellknowncertainstereotypesarewithinacommunity.A.DirectionB.IntensityC.SpecificityD.Consensus提示：Stereotyping3.__________isthestateoffeelingnervous,whichcanaffectcommunicationwhenonefocusessomuchonhisownfeelings.A.AmbiguityB.AnxietyC.UncertaintyD.Prejudice提示：anxietyandcertainty4.Whenyoudiscloseyourpersonalinformationtoyourcounterpart,hopingtheyfeelobligedtorevealsomethingequallyimportantaboutthemselvestous,youareusingthe__________strategy.A.activeB.passiveC.interactiveD.Alloftheabove.提示：strategiestoovercomeanxietyanduncertainty,5._____________cantakemanyforms,includingirrationalfeelingsofdislikeandevenhatredforcertaingroups,biasedperceptionsandbeliefsaboutthegroupmembers.A.EthnocentricattitudeB.StereotypedattitudeC.PrejudicedattitudeD.Racialattitude提示：Prejudice,6.Anxietyhappensoutofbeingafraidoffailureincommunicationevents,while__________happenswhenweareunabletopredictothers’ideasandbehaviors.A.prejudiceB.racismC.uncertaintyD.stereotype提示：anxietyandcertainty,7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforthepersistenceofethnocentrism,stereotyping,prejudiceandracismA.Socialization.B.Economicbenefits.C.Psychologicalbenefits.D.Acculturation.提示：reasonsforthepersistenceofethnocentrism8.__________referstotheideathatpeoplecomingfromanotherculturearemoresimilartoyouthantheyactuallyareorthatanotherperson’ssituationismoresimilartoyoursthanitactuallyis.A.AnxietyB.UncertaintyC.StereotypeD.Assumingsimilarityinsteadofdifference提示：AssumingSimilarityInsteadofDifferenceSectionD.填空题Directions:Chooseonewordorexpressionfromthoseintheboxbelowtofillintheblanksineachofthesentences.2.a.Racismb.Stereotypingc.Prejudiced.Ethnocentrism(1)Dreferstonegativelyjudgingaspectsofanotherculturebythestandardsofone'sownculture.(2)Creferstotheirrationaldislike,suspicion,orhatredofaparticulargroup,race,religion,orsexualorientation.(3)Aisanypolicy,practice,belief,orattitudethatattributescharacteristicsorstatustoindividualsbasedontheirrace.(4)Bisusedtorefertonegativeorpositivejudgmentsmadeaboutindividualsbasedonanyobservableorbelievedgroupmembership..SectionE.翻译题A.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseorEnglish.Payattentiontothewordsinboldface.提示:Lackofvocabuaryequivalence1.Heisgreen-eyed.他眼红/妒忌别人。2.Sheturnedwhitewithfear.他因恐惧而发狂。3.Tomgavemeablacklook.汤姆恶狠狠地冲我瞪了一眼。4.Hebecamepurplewithrage.他脸色气得发紫/铁青。B.TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoEnglish.Payattentiontothequantifiers.一连串络绎不绝的访问者acontinuous/endlessstreamofvisitors一队骆驼aprocessionofcamels一群鱼ashoaloffish一群蜜蜂aswarmofbees一群鸟aflockofbirdsUnit7CmmunicatingNoverbally1.a.Proxemics

b.Chronemics

c.Kinesics

d.verbalcommunication

e.Oculesics(1)Dreferstothemessagessentwithoutusingwords.(2)Eisthestudyofnonverbalcommunicationsentbytheeyes.(3)Aisthewayweusefixedspaceandpersonalspace.(4)Cincludesgestures,bodymovementandfacialexpressions.(5)Bisthestudyofhowpeopleperceiveandusetime.d,e,a,c,b2.TrueorFalseQuestionsDirection;decidewhetherthefollowingstatementaretrue(T)or(F)accordingtowhathasbeenlearntinthischapter.(1)___F_____Speakingistheonlymodeofeffectivecommunication.(2)___F_____TheThaisliketotouchbabiesorsmallchildren,especiallytheylikeotherstopattheirchildren'shead.(3)___T_____SaudiArabsbelongtotouchculture.(4)____T____Theappropriatenessofeyecontactvarieswithdifferentcultures.(5)____T____Paralanguagemayimplythecommunicationoftheactualwords.(F,F,T,T,T)4.functionsofnonverbalcommunication:_repeating,complementing,substituting,___regulating,contradicting______5.considerthevariousmeaningsofawideningofeyes(见第四章PPT)案例参考题跨文化沟通案例分析参考1.Explainthesentenceinyourownwordsandthenanalyzeit.SomepeopleoftensaytoAmericans---YouAmericansdonotevenknowwhoyourgrandfatheris!提示：从美国成立比拟晚，历史短。2.Richard,anengineerfromtheUnitedStates,wasinvitedtotaketeawithoneofhisBritishcolleagueswhilehewasinEngland.Thiswasapurelysocial,relaxedoccasion.Teawasservedalongwithsugarandcream.Ashehelpedhimselftosomesugarandcream,hesensedhehaddonesomethingwrong.Canyoutellwhatwentwrong提示：tobeaguest与helpyourself的区别3.AyoungChineseofficer,togetherwithhiswife,wasmeetinganAmericanconsultantatanairport.Afterphaticc