北京市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语汇编：阅读表达（含解析）

北京市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试题分类汇编阅读表达北京市东城区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末统一测试英语试卷（含解析）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Smartphoneshavebecomeabigpartofpeople’slives.Whenwetemporarilycan’tfindthem,itcausesafeelingofanxietyorpanic.Somepsychologistshavecalledit“nomophobia”.Thankfully,Irodethroughthewithdrawalofmysmartphoneanditwasshort-lived.WhenIgotmyfirstsmartphoneoveradecadeago,Ilovedit.Itgavemeinstantaccesstomymusic,aworldofinformationandthousandsofphotosandvideos.Butovertime,Ibecameincreasinglyambivalentaboutitsroleinmylife.Iwouldrepeatedlyrefreshmyemail,shoponlineforstuffIdidn’tneedandconstantlyscrollthroughthelatestnews.I’doftencomplaintomyhusbandandtomyseven-year-oldson,Louis,thatIfelttrappedbyit.Then,onedaylastsummer,whileIwasplayingwithLouis,Iwasonceagaindistractedbydingsandpings.Hefinallyremindedmeofmycomplaints,butrephrasedthemasaplea:“Mommy,justgiveitupalready!”Idecidedtotry.Insteadofgoingcoldturkey—nocellphoneatall—Iboughtaflipphone.Withnotouchscreen,textingistime-consuming.Once,whiletryingtocatchupontextswithafriend,Ifinallygotfrustratedandcalledher.IrealizedIhadn’tspokentohersinceherbigmove.Itmadeadifferencetohearboththeexcitementinhervoiceasshedescribedseeingthenorthernlightsandhersadnessinbeingawayfromasickparent.Nowadays,peoplemayprefertext-basedcommunicationoverusingthephonebecausetheyfearthatthecallwillbeawkward.But,justasIlearned,whenwewereforcedtoconnectvoicetovoice,wewouldfindourselvesmorebondedtothatperson.WuyouSui,anexpertresearchingdigitalhealth,describesnomophobiaasareliancethat’sbeenplaceduponus.“Wheneversomethingisdesignedtomakeachoiceeasier,it’scalledabehaviouralnudge,”heexplains,addingthatthemorecentraltoourlivesthesmartphone’sfunctionsare,themoreprisonedwebecome.Ultimately,though,thatsenseofdependenceisfalse.AsI’vefound,youcandoallthethingsyouneedtodoinotherways.It’snotalwaysconvenient,butIknowI’mmuchcalmeronaregularbasiswithoutmysmartphone.40.Whatdoes“nomophobia”referto?_____________________________________________________________________________________41.Whydidtheauthordecidetogiveuphersmartphone?____________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.▶Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfinditawkwardtotalkwithafriendonthephone.____________________________________________________________________________________43.Apartfromthewaysmentionedinthepassage,whatcanyoudotoavoid“nomophobia”?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________北京市西城区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Ifyou’verecentlytakenaflightfromamajorUKairport,thenyoumayhavenoticedthatmorepeopleareprotestingairtravelexpansionandencouragingpeopletoflyless.ThisispartofalargerenvironmentalmovementsweepingacrossEurope.KnownasFlygskamor“flight-shaming”,themovementisencouragingpeopletostoptakingflightsasameansoftransportandusemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationwheretheycan.Theaviation(航空)currentlyaccountsforabout2%ofglobalemissions(排放)andisoneofthefastest-growingpolluters.Evenworse,unlikemostothersourcesofpollution,airtravelresultsinpollutantsreleasedhighupintheatmosphere.Earlierthisyear,theUKgovernmentpromisedtoreducetheUK’semissionsto“netzero”by2050.However,accordingtoprojectionsfromsomeresearchers,emissionsfromtheaviationcouldmorethandoublebythenevenifplanesbecomesubstantiallymorefuel-efficient.So,it’sunclearwhetherflyingwillbeincludedintheUK’starget.It’shardtosayexactlyhowbigthemovementisbecoming,butFlygskamhasbecomepopularinsocialmedia.ThenumberofSwedestakingthetrainfordomesticjourneyshasrisenby8%thisyearasplanejourneysinsidethecountryhavefallen.Clearly,Flygskamishavingameasurableimpactonpeople’stransportchoices.Somepeople,however,havebeencriticalofthemovementbecausetheysaythatitplacesblameorfeelingsofembarrassmentontothepassengerswhenitisreallytheairlinesandindustriesassociatedwithitwhoshouldfeelguiltyfortheimpactthattheyarehavingontheplanet.40.WhatisFlygskam?_______________________________________________________________________41.Howdoesflyinginfluencetheenvironment?_______________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Flygskamhasattractedsocialattentionandsomepeoplehavealreadyparticipatedinthiscampaign,soitiswidelyaccepted._______________________________________________________________________43.Besideswhatismentionedinthepassage,whatdoyouthinkofthemovementofFlygskam?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________北京市石景山2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。WhenIwasinmysecondyearinseniorhighschool,Ifounda16-dollar-an-hourpart-timejobatLakewoodPizza.Likemanyteens,Ilongedtoearnincomeaswellasaddexperienceforthetimetoentertheworkforce.JustoneweekafterIworkedthere,DavidRoss,themanagercalledmeintohisoffice.Asthesayinggoes,“lifeisn’talwaysabedofroses”.Myfirstjobendedinfailure.HisreasonwasthatIshoweduplatetwiceandtookmorebreaksthanothers.“Oh,I’maloser.”Ithoughttomyself.Ibelievedthatthoughtwassharedbymybrothers,neitherofwhomhadeverbeenfired,andmymother,thoughshewouldneverexpressitinthoseterms.“Iamtoosadtodoanything.”Icomplainedtomyfather.Afterlisteningtomywords,helaughed.“It’snotfunny;I’maloser.”Isaid.“No,you’renot.Thisisapartofgrowingup.Youwillbeallright,myson,”hesaid,pattingmyshoulder.“Trustme.Youaregoodenough.”Ilookedintomyfather’seyesandIcouldseehereallytrustedme.AndIbelievedhim.Sincethen,“Trustme.Youaregoodenough.”aretheonlywordsIhaverepeatedtomyself.Ihaveworkedhardtobeabetterpersonandcherished(珍惜)everymomentIhavegot.Finally,Isucceededinenteringagooduniversity.AftergraduationIfoundmydreamjob.40Howmuchdidtheauthorearnathispart-timejob?____________________________________________________________________________________________41Whydidtheauthorlosehisfirstjob?____________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.____________________________________________________________________________________________43.Whatcanyoulearnfromtheauthor’sstory?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________________北京昌平区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Whenadvisingchildrenandadolescentswhoarelearningtoregulatetheiremotions,expertsexplainthathowtheythinkaffectshowtheyfeel.Afterchildrenlearntousesomebasictechniquestoregulatetheiremotions,agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.Thereafter,peoplestarttonoticethepowertheycanfeelintheirmindsbychangingtheirthoughtpatterns.“Ibelievethatchangingourthinkingpatternshelpsengagedifferentpartsofthebrain,”saidRanD.Anbar,theauthorofChangingChildren’sLiveswithHypnosis:AJourneytotheCenter,“Forinstance,wemayfindourselveshabituallythinkinginaparticularwaythatpredictablymakesusfeelpoorly,forexampleangry,anxious,orsad.Peoplecanbecomeangrywhentheyfeelthattheyhavebeentreatedpoorlyorhavenotgottentheirway.Theangeroccursbecausethepersonfocusesontheperceived(察觉到的)injustice.Whenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatenew,healthierthoughtpatterns.”Forinstance,14-year-old“Sarah”becameangrywithherparentsforrestrictingheruseofsocialmedia.Whilediscussingwhyherparentsdidso,Sarahrecognizedthattheywereattemptingtoprotectherfromsomeoftheilleffectsofoverusingsocialmedia.Sarahletgoofheranger.Sheswitchedfromthinkingaboutherfrustrationwithherparents’restrictionsandinsteadfocusedherthoughtsonhowtosolvethedilemma(困境)regardingheroveruseofsocialmedia.Shewasabletorecognizethatherparentswerehervaluablefriendsratherthanheropponents.Frequently,peopleexplaintothemselvesandothersthattheirpoormoodisrelatedtounfortunatecircumstances.Whileholdingsuchabelief,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakechargeofimprovingtheirfeelings.However,asdemonstratedinthispost,ouremotionalresponsetounfortunatecircumstancescanbebroughtunderourcontrolandimprovedthroughachangeinourthinkingpatterns.Sometimes,thatchangecanevenhelpusfigureoutnewwaystoactthatalsowillimproveoursituation.40.Whathappensafterchildrenregulatetheiremotion?_________________________________________________________________________________41.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofSarahinthe3rdparagraph?_________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Peoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstancessotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood.43.Besideschangingthinkingpatterns,doyouhaveotherway(s)tocontrolyouremotions?(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________________________________北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。There’sadifferencebetweenbeingniceandbeingkind.Beingniceinvolvesbeingpoliteandpleasingtoothers.Ifyou’repeoplepleasing,you’replacinganexpectationonthepersonyou’rebeingnicetothattheyrespondtoyouinacertainway.Beingkindislessself-serving.Ontheonehand,kindnessinvolvesbeinggenerouswithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.Theotherhalfisthepurposebehindtheaction.Akindpersonisactingoutofsympathyandgenuineconcernforanother.Thedifferenceisintentionality,saidDr.CatherineFranssen,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatLongwoodUniversityinVirginia,notingthatakindpersontriestoreallyunderstandwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Practicingkindnessratherthannicenessallowspeopletodevelopdeepergenuineconnectionswithothers,saidFranssen.Themoreyoudoit,theeasieritwillgettorelatetoothersandbuildmoremeaningfulrelationshipsinallaspectsoflife.Thewarmfeelingyougetfromperforminganactofkindnessisyourbrainreleasingatonoffeel-goodchemicals.Franssensaidbeingkindboostsproductionofserotonin,aneurotransmitter(神经传递素)involvedinmood,includinghappiness.Kindnessalsoreleasesdopamine,abrainchemicalinchargeofrewardandpleasure.It’sthereasonwhydoingoneactofkindnessfeelssogoodthatyouwanttodoanother.Beingkindgivesthesamehealthbenefits,regardlessofhowbigorsmallthegesture.Actsofkindnessmightfeelstrangeandout-of-characteratfirst.However,thisfeelinggoesawaythemoreyoukeeppracticing.Soonenough,itbecomessofamiliaryou’llnoticethebenefitsonyourselfandothers.40.Whatdoesbeingkindinvolve?_____________________________________________________________41Whydoyougetwarmfeelingwhenshowingkindness?_____________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Themoreyoupracticeniceness,theeasieryouwillconnectwithothersandestablishmoremeaningfulrelationshipsinallaspectsoflife._____________________________________________________________43.Inyourdailylife,whatcanyoudotoshowkindness?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________参考答案北京市东城区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末统一测试英语试卷（含解析）【答案】40.Itreferstoafeelingofanxietyorpanicthatwehavewhenwetemporarilycan’tfindoursmartphones.41.Becauseshefelttrappedbyhersmartphoneandhersonaskedhertogiveitup.42.▶Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfinditawkwardtotalkwithafriendonthephone.Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfindourselvesmorebondedtothefriendwhentalkingwithhim/heronthephone.43.Toavoidnomophobia,onecanconsidertakingregularbreaksfromtechnologyandengaginginofflineactivities.Besides,youcanturnoffyourphoneorleaveitathomewhenyoudon’tneedit,andfocusingonthepeopleandthingsaroundyou.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章说明了什么是“无手机恐惧症”以及作者因为感觉被智能手机困住，而听从儿子的建议，戒掉了手机的经历。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段“Whenwetemporarilycan’tfindthem,itcausesafeelingofanxietyorpanic.Somepsychologistshavecalledit“nomophobia”.(当我们暂时找不到它们时，就会产生焦虑或恐慌的感觉。一些心理学家称之为“无手机恐惧症”)”可知，“无手机恐惧症”指的是我们暂时找不到智能手机时产生的焦虑或恐慌感。故答案为Itreferstoafeelingofanxietyorpanicthatwehavewhenwetemporarilycan’tfindoursmartphones.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段“I’doftencomplaintomyhusbandandtomyseven-year-oldson,Louis,thatIfelttrappedbyit.(我经常向我的丈夫和我七岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。)”和第三段“Then,onedaylastsummer,whileIwasplayingwithLouis,Iwasonceagaindistractedbydingsandpings.Hefinallyremindedmeofmycomplaints,butrephrasedthemasaplea:“Mommy,justgiveitupalready!”(然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯一起玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮当当的声音分散了注意力。他终于提醒了我我的抱怨，但他用恳求的语气说：“妈妈，快放弃吧!”)”可知，作者决定放弃她的智能手机是因为她觉得自己被智能手机困住了，儿子让她放弃。故答案为Becauseshefelttrappedbyhersmartphoneandhersonaskedhertogiveitup.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“But,justasIlearned,whenwewereforcedtoconnectvoicetovoice,wewouldfindourselvesmorebondedtothatperson.(但是，正如我所学到的，当我们被迫通过声音与声音进行交流时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更加紧密)”可知，错误的部分是“wewillfinditawkward”，根据作者的说法，当我们和朋友打电话时，我们会发现自己和他/她更亲近。故答案为▶Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfinditawkwardtotalkwithafriendonthephone.Accordingtotheauthor,wewillfindourselvesmorebondedtothefriendwhentalkingwithhim/heronthephone.【43题详解】考查开放答题。根据“除了文中提到的方法，你能做些什么来避免‘无手机恐惧症’？”可知，为了避免“无手机恐惧症”，人们可以考虑定期远离科技产品，参加线下活动。此外，当你不需要手机的时候，你可以关掉手机或把它放在家里，把注意力集中在你周围的人和事上。故答案为Toavoidnomophobia,onecanconsidertakingregularbreaksfromtechnologyandengaginginofflineactivities.Besides,youcanturnoffyourphoneorleaveitathomewhenyoudon’tneedit,andfocusingonthepeopleandthingsaroundyou.北京市西城区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）【答案】40.Itisamovementthatencouragespeopletostoptakingflightsasameansoftransportandusemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationwheretheycan.41.Itcurrentlyaccountsforabout2%oftheglobalemissionsandisoneofthefastest-growingpolluters.Evenworse,airtravelresultsinpollutantsreleasedhighupintheatmosphere.42.Flygskamhasattractedsocialatentionandsomepeoplehavealreadyparticipatedinthiscampaign,soitiswidelyaccepted.Accordingtothepassage,itistruethatFlygskamhasbecomepopular,butsomepeoplearestillcriticalofthemovement,soitisnotwidelyaccepted.43.Ithinkthemovementmaynotbefeasibleforthoseindividualswhohavenoviablealternativestoairtravel.Noteveryonehasaccesstoefficientandaffordablealternativemodesoftransportation,especiallyforlong-distanceorinternationaltrips.(言之有理即可)【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了环保人士目前发起的一项“飞行羞耻”运动，包括该运动的内涵、针对的问题、未来航空业的发展走势，以及人们对该运动的反应。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“KnownasFlygskamor“flight-shaming”,themovementisencouragingpeopletostoptakingflightsasameansoftransportandusemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationwheretheycan.(这项运动被称为Flygskam或“飞行羞耻”，它鼓励人们停止将飞机作为交通工具，尽可能地使用更环保的交通工具)”可知，Flygskam是一项鼓励人们停止将飞机作为交通工具，尽可能地使用更环保的交通工具的运动。故答案为：Itisamovementthatencouragespeopletostoptakingflightsasameansoftransportandusemoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportationwheretheycan.【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theaviation(航空)currentlyaccountsforabout2%ofglobalemissions(排放)andisoneofthefastest-growingpolluters.Evenworse,unlikemostothersourcesofpollution,airtravelresultsinpollutantsreleasedhighupintheatmosphere.(航空业目前约占全球排放量的2%，是增长最快的污染源之一。更糟糕的是，与大多数其他污染源不同，航空旅行导致污染物被释放到大气层的高处)”可知，飞行对于环境的影响在于它目前占全球排放量的2%左右，是增长最快的污染源之一。更糟糕的是，航空旅行导致污染物被释放到大气层的高处。故答案为：Itcurrentlyaccountsforabout2%oftheglobalemissionsandisoneofthefastest-growingpolluters.Evenworse,airtravelresultsinpollutantsreleasedhighupintheatmosphere.【42题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’shardtosayexactlyhowbigthemovementisbecoming,butFlygskamhasbecomepopularinsocialmedia.ThenumberofSwedestakingthetrainfordomesticjourneyshasrisenby8%thisyearasplanejourneysinsidethecountryhavefallen.(很难说这场运动到底有多大，但Flygskam已经在社交媒体上很流行。今年乘坐火车进行国内旅行的瑞典人增加了8%，而国内飞机旅行的人数则有所下降)”和“Somepeople,however,havebeencriticalofthemovement(然而，一些人对这一运动持批评态度)”可知，Flygskam确实很流行，有些人已经参与其中，但有些人仍然对这项运动持批评态度，所以它没有被广泛接受。故答案为：Flygskamhasattractedsocialatentionandsomepeoplehavealreadyparticipatedinthiscampaign,soitiswidelyaccepted.Accordingtothepassage,itistruethatFlygskamhasbecomepopular,butsomepeoplearestillcriticalofthemovement,soitisnotwidelyaccepted.【43题详解】开放性试题。本题的答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，对于那些没有可行的替代航空旅行的人来说，这项运动可能不可行。不是每个人都能使用高效且负担得起的替代性交通方式，特别是长途或国际旅行。故答案可为：Ithinkthemovementmaynotbefeasibleforthoseindividualswhohavenoviablealternativestoairtravel.Noteveryonehasaccesstoefficientandaffordablealternativemodesoftransportation,especiallyforlong-distanceorinternationaltrips.北京市石景山2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）【答案】40.16dollarsanhour.41.Becauseheshoweduplatetwiceandtookmorebreaksthanothers.42.Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.或Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.理由：Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfatherencouraged(comforted/believedin,etc.)him.43.Nomatterwhatsetbacksyouencounterdon’tbediscouraged.Believethatyouaregoodenoughandworkhardtobecomeabetterperson.【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个失败者，但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信自己足够好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“WhenIwasinmysecondyearinseniorhighschool,Ifounda16-dollar-an-hourpart-timejobatLakewoodPizza.(当我读高二时，我在LakewoodPizza找到了一份每小时16美元的兼职工作。)”可知，作者的兼职每小时16美元，故填16dollarsanhour.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Myfirstjobendedinfailure.HisreasonwasthatIshoweduplatetwiceandtookmorebreaksthanothers.(我的第一份工作以失败告终。他的理由是我迟到两次并且休息时间比其他人多。)”可知，作者失了第一份工作是因为他迟到两次并且休息时间比其他人多，故填Becauseheshoweduplatetwiceandtookmorebreaksthanothers.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中““No,you’renot.Thisisapartofgrowingup.Youwillbeallright,myson,”hesaid,pattingmyshoulder.“Trustme.Youaregoodenough.”Ilookedintomyfather’seyesandIcouldseehereallytrustedme.(“不你不是。这是成长的一部分。你会没事的，我的儿子，”他拍着我的肩膀说道。“相信我。你已经够好。”我看着父亲的眼睛，我可以看出他真的信任我。)”可知，作者的父亲在知道作者丢了工作后，并没有抱怨和嘲笑他，而是鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，由此可知，句子“Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.”中hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim./complainedandlaughedat是错误的，理由是在得知儿子丢了工作后，父亲鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，故填Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.或Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfathercomplainedandlaughedathim.理由：Afterknowingtheauthor’sfailure,hisfatherencouraged(comforted/believedin,etc.)him.【43题详解】开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个失败者，但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信自己足够好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。从作者的故事中，我们可以得知，无论受到什么挫折，都不要气馁，要相信自己足够好，努力成为一个更好的人。故填Nomatterwhatsetbacksyouencounter,don’tbediscouraged.Believethatyouaregoodenoughandworkhardtobecomeabetterperson.北京昌平区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）【答案】40.Agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.41.Toshowwhenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatenew,healthierthoughtpatterns.TheauthormentionstheexampleofSaratoshowwhenweshiftourthinkingwecanmoreeasilycreatenew,healthierthoughtpatterns.42.Peoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstances,sotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood.Accordingtothepassage,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakechargeofimprovingtheirfeelings.43.Engaginginexercisingisanothergoodwaytocontrolmyemotion.Itcanreleasenaturalgoodchemicalsinbrain,whichcanhelpmerelievetensionandreducefeelingsofsadness.Additionally,Exercisingserveasadistractionfromnegativethoughtsandemotions,allowingmetotemporarilyescapeandfindrelief.(请根据学生答题情况酌情给分)【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是改变思维模式可以帮助我们更好地应对困境，并改善情绪和处境。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Afterchildrenlearntousesomebasictechniquestoregulatetheiremotions,agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.

(在孩子们学会使用一些基本的技巧来调节他们的情绪之后，一种更大的内在控制感就会产生。)”可知，孩子们调节情绪后一种更大的内在控制感就会产生，故填Agreatersenseofinternalcontrolarises.【41题详解】考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Forinstance,14-year-old“Sarah”becameangrywithherparentsforrestrictingheruseofsocialmedia.Whilediscussingwhyherparentsdidso,Sarahrecognizedthattheywereattemptingtoprotectherfromsomeoftheilleffectsofoverusingsocialmedia.Sarahletgoofheranger.Sheswitchedfromthinkingaboutherfrustrationwithherparents’restrictionsandinsteadfocusedherthoughtsonhowtosolvethedilemmaregardingheroveruseofsocialmedia.Shewasabletorecognizethatherparentswerehervaluablefriendsratherthanheropponents.(例如，14岁的“莎拉”对父母限制她使用社交媒体感到愤怒。在讨论父母这样做的原因时，萨拉意识到他们是在试图保护她免受过度使用社交媒体的一些不良影响。萨拉不生气了。她不再去想父母的限制给她带来的挫败感，而是把注意力集中在如何解决自己过度使用社交媒体的困境上。她能够认识到她的父母是她宝贵的朋友，而不是她的对手。)”可知，莎拉通过改变自己思考问题的方式和角度使自己消除了消极情绪，因此作者在第三段中提到了Sarah的例子是为了表明当我们改变思维时，我们可以更容易地创造新的、更健康的思维模式。故填Toshowwhenweshiftourthinking,wecanmoreeasilycreatenew,healthierthoughtpatterns.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段的“Frequently,peopleexplaintothemselvesandothersthattheirpoormoodisrelatedtounfortunatecircumstances.Whileholdingsuchabelief,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakechargeofimprovingtheirfeelings.(人们经常向自己和他人解释，他们的坏心情与不幸的环境有关。在持有这种信念的同时，人们有时会从这样的想法中得到安慰：既然他们无法改变自己的环境，就不应该期望他们负责改善自己的感受。)”可知，人们有时会认为既然他们无法改变自己的环境，这样想的话就会得到安慰，因此就不应该期望他们负责改善自己的感受，则所给句子中的“sotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood(所以他们会试图改变他们的情况，以便有一个好心情)”这个描述是错误的，故填Peoplealwaysbelievetheirpoormoodisduetounfortunatecircumstances,

sotheywilltrytochangetheirsituationinordertohaveagoodmood.Accordingtothepassage,peoplesometimestakecomfortintheideathatsincetheycannotchangetheircircumstances,thereshouldbenoexpectationthattheytakechargeofimprovingtheirfeelings.【43题详解】开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，文章讲述的是情绪调节和思维模式的关系。它强调了人们的思维如何影响情绪，并提出通过改变思维模式可以更好地控制情绪，并找到解决问题的新途径。文章通过一个案例展示了这一点，告诉读者改变思维模式可以帮助我们更好地应对困境，并改善情绪和处境。此外，也可以通过运动的方式来调节情绪，锻炼是控制情绪的另一个好方法。它可以在大脑中释放出天然的好化学物质，帮助我缓解紧张情绪，减少悲伤情绪。此外，锻炼可以分散我对负面想法和情绪的注意力，让我暂时逃离并找到解脱，故填Engaginginexercisingisanothergoodwaytocontrolmyemotion.Itcanreleasenaturalgoodchemicalsinbrain,whichcanhelpmerelievetensionandreducefeelingsofsadness.Additionally,Exercisingserveasadistractionfromnegativethoughtsandemotions,allowingmetotemporarilyescapeandfindrelief.北京市顺义区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题（含解析）【答案】40.Beingkind/Kindness/Itinvolvesbeinggenerouswithoutexpectinganythinginreturn.41.(Because)Whenshowingkindness,yourbrainreleasesatonoffeel-goodchemicalssuchasserotoninanddopaminewhileshowingkindness.Thewarmfeelingyougetfromperforminganactofkindnessisyourbrainreleasingatonoffeel-goodchemicals.42.Themoreyoupracticeniceness,theeasieryouwillconnectwithothersandestablishmoremeaningfulrelationshipsinallaspectsoflife.(Accordingtothepassage,)themoreyoupracticekindness,theeasieryouwillconnectothersandbuildmoremeaningfulrelationshipsinallaspectsoflife./Themoreyoupracticekindness,theeasieritwillge