2021新高考英语一轮复习课时作业28选修6Ahealthylife

课时作业28AhealthylifeⅠ.阅读理解ADoyouliketoflauntyourexpensiveitems?Youcouldfindyourselfwithoutfriends!Scientistsprovethatexpensivestatussymbolsmakeyoulooklesssociallyattractive.ItemssuchasafancycarandaRolexwatchareoftenthoughttoincreaseoursocialstandingandoftenewithahighpricetag(标签).Accordingtothelatestresearch,however,ithastheoppositeeffectandpeoplewouldprefertobefriendswithsomeonewhoplaceslessvalueonmaterialobjects.“Oftenwethinkthatstatussymbolswillmakeuslookmoresociallyattractivetoothers，”saysStephenGarcia,thestudy'sleadauthorfromtheUniversityofTheresearchersconductedsixstudieswhichassessedhowpeoplepresentedthemselvesandhowpeopleviewedstrangers.Peoplewhochosetowearhigherstatusitemstendedtogetanegativeresponse,butpeoplewantedtobefriendswithpeoplewhopreferredlowerstatussymbols.Thestudytooktheroleoftheluxuryitemtoseeifitwaspossiblethattheexpensiveitemitselfplayedapartinpeople'sreactions.Thedefinitionofastatussymbolchangedbasedonaperson'ssocioeconomicstatus,butthesameeffectofkeepingoffpotentialfriendswasseenregardlessofsocialposition.“Atasociallevel,wemaybewastingbillionsofdollarsonexpensivestatussymbolsthatfinallykeepothersfromwantingtoassociatewithus，”saysKimberleeWeaverLivnatattheUniversityofHaifa.Shesays,“However,PatriciaChenoftheNationalUniversityofSingaporesaidthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanstatussymbolsareabadthing.Shesays,“Ourfindingsrightnowonlyapplytotheformationofnewfriendships.Statussymbolsmaybebeneficialatothertimesandinothersettings,suchaswhentryingtoestablishnewbusinesscontacts.”本文是一篇说明文。研究表明昂贵的身份标志性的物品不一定会有利于提高人的魅力，反而会妨碍人结识新的朋友。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaunt”inParagraph1mean?A．Showoff. B．Getridof.C．Giveaway. D．Handin.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据下文Scientistsprovethatexpensivestatussymbolsmakeyoulooklesssociallyattractive.(科学家证明，昂贵的身份象征会让你在社交上显得不那么有吸引力。)可知，昂贵的身份标志性的物品不利于交友，而喜欢炫耀的人可能会没有朋友。故可知画线部分单词意思为“炫耀”。2．Whichisthenegativeinfluenceofexpensivestatussymbols?A．Loweringpeople'ssocialstatus.B．Preventingpeoplefrommakingfriends.C．Doingharmtopeople'shealthabsolutely.D．Changingpeople'sconsumptionconcept.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中ItemssuchasafancycarandaRolexwatchareoftenthoughttoincreaseoursocialstandingandoftenewithahighpricetag.Accordingtothelatestresearch,however,ithastheoppositeeffectandpeoplewouldprefertobefriendswithsomeonewhoplaceslessvalueonmaterialobjects.(像豪车和劳力士手表这样的物品通常被认为可以提高我们的社会地位，而且往往价格不菲。然而，根据最新的研究，它有相反的效果，人们更愿意和那些不太重视物质的人交朋友。)可知，昂贵的地位象征的负面影响是会阻止人们交朋友。3．Whomaybemorepopularamongfriendsaccordingtothetext?A．Peoplewhoareveryrich.B．Peoplewithhighsocialstatus.C．Peoplewhokeepalowprofile.D．Peoplewithcharmingappearance.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Peoplewhochosetowearhigherstatusitemstendedtogetanegativeresponse,butpeoplewantedtobefriendswithpeoplewhopreferredlowerstatussymbols.(那些选择穿显示地位高的衣服的人往往会得到负面的回应，但人们希望与那些更喜欢低地位象征的人交朋友。)可知，低调而不喜欢炫富的人会更加受欢迎。BForyearstheItaliancityofVenicehasbeenstrugglingwithafewconcerns.SaintMark'sSquareisoftenflooded.Venice'swaterwaysrequirerepairs.But,byfar,thebiggestproblemistherapidlygrowingnumberofvisitorstothecity.SocityofficialshavedecidedtorequireallvisitorstopayafeetoenterVenice.Themoneywillhelptopayforcleaningandotherservicesthathelptokeepthecitybeautiful.Venice'sMayorLuigiBrugnaroexplainedthedecisiontointernationalmediaduringavisittoRomelastweek.“Veniceisawonderoftheworldandonlyinthiswaycanitbesaved，”themayorsaid.“Thefeeprocesswillbeexperimentalatfirst，”headded.Aone­dayvisitwillcostabout$7.Cityofficialshaveyettodecidewhenthefeecollectionwillbegin.ThemoneywillbecollectedbytransportpaniesthatbringthetouriststoVenice.Thecitywillsetupcamerasforthosearrivinginprivatecars.Andtherewillbefinesforthosewhodonotpaythefee.Students,someworkersandchildrenundertheageofsixwillnothavetopay.Naturally,anyonebornorlivinginVeniceisexempt.Cityofficialshopethiswillpreventtheovercrowdingthatofteneswithlargenumbersoftourists.SomepeoplelivinginVenicesaytheydonotbelievethefeeplanwillwork.LawyerRobertaPierabonsaysitwillbeimpossibletocollectthemoneyfromeveryonewhovisitsthecity.Visitorsarrivefromallsides.Shedoesnotbelievetouristscanbecontrolledandaddsthatshedisapprovesoftheplan.OtherVenetiansliketheidea.Theysayitwillmaketourismlessaggressive.Venetianslovetheircityandknowitwillneverstopappealingtovisitors.Veniceissospecial,theysay,thatitbelongstothewholeofhumanity.由于水城威尼斯的旅游人数暴增，政府决定游客需付费才能进入威尼斯，对于这一决定，人们看法不一。4．WhatisthebiggestproblemthatarisesinVenice?A．Thevisitorboom. B．Thepoorcityservice.C．Thefrequentflood. D．Thewaterwayrepair.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But,byfar,thebiggestproblemistherapidlygrowingnumberofvisitorstothecity”可知，威尼斯当前面临的最大问题是旅游人数暴增。故A项正确。5．Howwillcityofficialsdealwiththebigproblem?A．Byeducatingcitizens.B．Bychargingfees.C．Bydoingexperiments.D．Byturningtothemedia.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“SocityofficialshavedecidedtorequireallvisitorstopayafeetoenterVenice”可知，威尼斯市官员们决定，游客需要付费才能进入威尼斯。故B项正确。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exempt”probablymeaninParagraph4?A．Askedtostay. B．Permittedtosettle.C．Requirednottoenter. D．Allowednottopay.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Students,someworkersandchildrenundertheageofsixwillnothavetopay.Naturally,anyonebornorlivinginVenice”可知，学生、一些职工和六岁以下的儿童将不用付费。由此推知，当然，出生或者居住在威尼斯的人也不用付费。故D项正确。7．Whoopposedthefeeplan?A．MayorLuigiBrugnaro. B．AllVenetians.C．LawyerRobertaPierabon. D．Cityofficials.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“LawyerRobertaPierabon...Shedoesnotbelievetouristscanbecontrolledandaddsthatshedisapprovesoftheplan”可知，LawyerRobertaPierabon认为游客不会被控制，她还补充说她不赞成这个计划。故C项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空Lastweek26­year­oldZiontookaseatandputhisfoodonatableataMcDonald's.Hewasintendingto__1__breakfastbyhimselfwhen70­year­oldJane,whoislivingalone,__2__Zion.Thensheaskedinaweakvoiceifshecouldsharethetablewithhim.Zionsaid“yes”__3__.Zionintroducedhimselfandshookthelittlelady's__4__hand.Theydidn'tknoweachother,andtheycouldn'tbemore__5__.Buttodaytheyhadamealtogetherandspentthenext45minutesenjoyingeachother's__6__andsharingstoriesabouttheirlives.Liketheywerefriends,theytalkedand__7__together.Whentheirtimetogethercametoanend,Zion__8__hertohercarandtheyexchangednumberswiththeintentionofhavingabreakfastagainsoon.“Sheissucha__9__woman，”Zionrecalled.“Shementionedmanytimeshowweallshouldloveoneanotherandhowweshouldnot__10__anyonebecauseyouneverknowhowtheirdayisgoingandwhattheyhavegonethrough.”Zionisgladthathis__11__conversationwithJanecouldinspiresomanypeople,buthesaysthatheismostlyjusthappytohaveanew__12__.Hesaysthatheisveryexcitedtosetupanotherbreakfastdate.“I'll__13__trying，”saidZion.“Iknowifwehadforevershewouldhavea__14__formeforeveryday.”Everystrangerhasthepotentialtofosteranewfriendship.Their__15__storyhasbeenpostedonsocialmediaanditmeltsourhearts.NowtheyareInternetfamous.Zion在吃早饭的时候，偶然遇到了70岁的Jane，他们在吃饭期间分享了自己的故事，双方都非常开心；吃完早饭后，他们互留联系方式希望再约一起吃早餐的时间。他们的故事让很多人深受鼓舞。1．A.prepare B．orderC．eat D．finish答案：C解析：根据前一句中的“puthisfoodonatableataMcDonald's”可知，Zion正准备吃早餐。故选C。2．A.invited B．approachedC．recognized D．greeted答案：B解析：根据后文中的“Thensheaskedinaweakvoice”可知，Jane先是靠近Zion所在的桌子，然后开始询问。故选B。3．A.enthusiastically B．casuallyC．nervously D．anxiously答案：A解析：根据第二段第一句可知，Zion介绍自己，并与Jane握手，由此可以推测出，Zion对Jane的请求的态度应该是积极的，故选A，意为“热情地”。casually“随便地”。4．A.delicate B．strongC．wrinkled D．skilled答案：C解析：根据第一段第二句中的“70­year­old”可以推测出，Jane的手应该是布满皱纹的，故选C。5．A.popular B．differentC．friendly D．admirable答案：B解析：他们一个26岁，一个70岁，彼此并不认识，也完全不同。故选B。6．A.success B．peaceC．freedom D．pany答案：D解析：根据该空前后的内容可知，今天他们可以共进早餐，并且还能分享彼此的故事。由此可以推测出，他们在接下来的45分钟里，彼此陪伴。故选D。7．A.laughed B．playedC．cheered D．teased答案：A解析：根据该空前的内容可知，他们像朋友一样，不断地交谈，哈哈大笑。故选A。8．A.carried B．ledC．walked D．drove答案：C解析：根据第一段内容可知，Jane已经70岁了，故在早餐结束后，Zion护送她上车。walk意为“陪伴……走，护送……走”，故选C。9．A.wonderful B．silentC．generous D．content答案：A解析