山东省滨州市惠民县2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1山东省滨州市惠民县2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Whatdidthewomandoyesterday?A.Sheplayedfootball. B.Shewatchedagame. C.Sheworkedinthelab.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Ourschoolfootballteamplayedverywell.Didyouwatchityesterday?W:No,Icouldn’tmakeit.Iwasstuckinthelaboratory.2.WhereisJohn’sfather?A.Inthediningroom. B.Inthelivingroom. C.Inthegarden.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:John,askyourfathertocometohavedinnernow.M:Alright.Butwhereishe?Isheinthelivingroom?W:No,hemustbewateringthevegetablesinthegarden.3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecourse?A.Itistough. B.Itisbad. C.Itiseasy.〖答案〗A〖解析〗M:Isthatphysicscoursereallyashardaseverybodysays?W:Worse,believeitornot.4.Whenwillthemanleavefortheairport?A.At2:30pm. B.At4:30pm C.At6:30pm.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Steven,whattimeisyourflight?M:Itleavesat6:30thisevening.I’mstartingoffat4:30toavoidrush-hourtraffic.W:OK,butdon’tforgetyourvideoconferencewithMr.Brownat2:30pm.5.Howwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.Bybicycle. B.Bysubway. C.Bycar.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:Youknowwhat?AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheldintheArtGallery.Doyouwanttogowithme?M:HowcanImissit?Butitisburninghot.Wewillmeltifwecyclethere.W:Sowehavenochoicebuttotakethesubway.Ifonlywehadacar!第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anactivityholiday. B.Theirhobbies. C.Theteamworkspirit.7.Whatdidthewomangetaprizefor?A.Climbing. B.Walking. C.Sailing.〖答案〗6.A7.B〖解析〗M:Howwastheactivityholiday?W:Itreallyworemeout.Thereweremanyactivities:climbing,walking,sailingandsoon.Everydaywassomewhatdifferent,andthenonthelastdaytheygaveoutprizestothebestpeopleateachactivity.M:Didyougetone?W:Yeah.Iwassurprisedtogetone.Climbingwasawful—Icouldn’treachthetopofthewall.Myteamwasthebestatthewalking,though.Wewereleftinaplaceandhadtofindourwayback.WewerefirstbecauseluckilyIcouldreadthemap.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebook?A.Itisboring. B.Itissuperb. C.Itisserious.9.Whowrotethebook?A.LoriGottlieb. B.AaronEsterson. C.ErikErikson.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Readthebook. B.Recommendthebook. C.Findsomeonetoconsult.〖答案〗8.B9.A10.A〖解析〗M:Whatareyouuptolately?W:IhavebeenreadingabooknamedMaybeYouShouldTalktoSomeone.M:Howdoyoufeelaboutit?W:Itiswonderful.Igottothisbookbychance.ThenIwasattractedfromtheveryfirstpage.M:Tellmemore!W:LoriGottlieb,thewriter,helpsthereadersbecomeawareofhisorherownbarriersandstrengths.Icouldevenrelatetosomeofthesituationsinthebook.Itisveryrealandnotboringatall.M:SoitisnothingliketheseriousbookswrittenbyAaronEstersonorErikErikson.W:Youbet!LoriGottliebisanexcellentstoryteller.Plus,thechaptersarebite-sized,bothlaughout-loudfunnyandinspiring.M:Soundsgood.Iwillgiveitashot.W:Iamsureyouwillfindsomeonetotalktoafterreadingthebook.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatisthewomandoinginSydney?A.Traveling. B.Studying. C.Teaching.12.Whatispurposeofthecourse?A.Toevaluatestudents’readingdifficulty.B.Toenhanceteachers’readingtechniques.C.Toimproveteachers’abilitytoteachreading.13.Whydoesthewomanchoosethecourse?A.Itismulti-task. B.Itiscost-effective. C.Itistime-consuming.〖答案〗11.B12.C13.B〖解析〗M:AreyoutravelinginSydney,too?W:No.I’mheretoattendathree-weekcourse.M:Whatareyoustudying,then?W:It’smorelikeatrainingcourse.I’maschoolteacher,andthecourseisaboutaspecialteachingmethod.It’sforhelpingchildrenwhohavedifficultyinreading.M:Whatdoesthatmean?W:Well,it’snotthattheydon’tknowhowtoread,butrather,theycan’tunderstandwhattheyread.M:Okay.Ithoughtitwasforkidswhocan’tseeclearly.Anyway,itsoundsverymeaningful.W:Thanks.M:IsSydneytheonlyplacewhereyoucantakethiscourse?W:No,butit’smuchcheaperhere.Italsolastslonger,whichmeansitprovidesmoreinformation.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Trainerandtrainee. B.Bossandadvisor. C.Hostandguest.15.Whydoesthewomanmentionlosingweight?A.Toshowhowtoachieveagoal.B.Tostresstheimportanceofhealthyfood.C.Toexpressherwishtoimproveherhealth.16.Whatcanfriendsdotohelpingoal-setting?A.Findproblems. B.Tellthetruth. C.Givesupport.17.Whatmakesmostpeopledobadlyatreachinggoals?A.Failingtokeepfocused.B.Havingmanymissions.C.Losingtheirway.〖答案〗14.C15.A16.C17.A〖解析〗M:Goodmorning.Todaywe’lltalkaboutgoal-settingandwehaveaspecialguesthere,KateWarwick.Welcometoourprogram,Mrs.Warwick.W:Thankyou!M:SoMrs.Warwick,canyoutellusaboutyourworkingoal-setting?W:Well.Whenitcomestogoal-setting,I’mreallyfocused.Forexample,ifIwanttoloseweight,IwillgetagroupofclosefriendsaroundmeandtellthemIwanttoloseweightandincreasemyhealth.ThenI’lltakeactiontoachievethisgoalbystoppingeatingunhealthyfoods,etc.M:Whydoyougathersomeclosefriendstogether?W:ItisimportantformebecauseIneedsupport.IknowIcan’tdoitonmyown.Alsoithelps,becauseIamabletosharemyproblemswiththem.Andbytellingotherpeople“IreallywanttodothisandIseekyourhelp”,theycankeepyouhonest,Isuppose.M:Andwhyisitthatmostpeopledosobadlyatreachinggoals?W:Theylosefocus.Everybody’slifeisbusy.Thereissomuchhappeningineverybody’slifethatwhathappensisthattheymighthaveagoal,andthensomethingwillgetintheroadofthat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.WhatmadeChaiLingethisfirstbike?A.Hisownefforts. B.Hisfamily’shelp. C.Hissuccessfulbusiness.19.Whatisthemuseumintendedfor?A.Education. B.Fame. C.Entertainment.20.WhatdoesChaiLinexpecttodo?A.Collectmoreantiques. B.Producenewbrandbikes. C.Expandtheexhibitionarea.〖答案〗18.B19.A20.C〖解析〗Howmanybicyclesdoyouneedinyourlife?For67-year-oldChaiLin,theansweris1,300.Chai’spassionforbicyclesdatesbacktothe1960s.However,abicyclewasveryexpensivethen.Thankstoalltheeffortsandsupportinhisfamily,Chaigothisfirstbikein1980.Afterbecomingasuccessfulbusinessmanyearslater,Chaibegantocollectbikesofvariousbrandsandages,especiallyantiques,fromaroundtheworld.Hard-wonitemshavebroughtChaigreatsatisfaction.Withhiscollectiongrowing,therewasnospacebigenoughtokeepit.In2009,heinvested200millionyuanforamuseumjustforhisbikes.After10years’efforts,theGansuSanmuBicycleMuseumfinallyopenedtothepublicinJanuary2019freeofcharge.Themuseumstoresnotonlybikes,some200yearsold,butalsosome13,500bike-relatedparts,booksandphotos.Themuseumhasbeenusedasanoff-campusresearchcenterforlocalprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsandisalsopopularwithtourists.Chaihasequippedthemuseumwiththelatesttechnology.Duetolimitedspace,alargepartofChai’scollectionisnotyetexhibited.Chaihopestoenlargethedisplayingarea.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AConsideringthefast-changingworld,it’sgreattoknowthepossiblejoboptionsinthefuture.Theoccupationsbelowareprobablysomeofthemostpromisingfuturecareers.PersonaleducationguideComparedwithonlineprogramstoday,educationcouldbettermeetindividualneeds,evenwithimprovedconvenience.Likeanadviser,apersonaleducationguidemayassistpeoplewithon-demandcourseselectionortheplanningofpersonalizedtraining.IndividualizedbodypartmakerDoctorsmayexpectindividualizedorgansgrownor3Dprintedusingtheirpatients’owncells.Afterall,scientists’creationofhearts,kidneys,andlivershasalreadyhadsomesuccessinthelabs.Evenexternalbodypartsincludingskinandearshavebeengrown.Pharmaceuticalartisan(制药师)Theincreasingpopularityof3Dprintingmayenablethequickproductionofthemedicinebasedonindividualneeds.It’spossiblethatartisanaldrugswouldbecreatedaccordingtoone’suniquegenes,habits,andmedicalhistory.BrainimplantspecialistWearemakinggreaterprogressinunderstandinghowthecomplexhumanbrainworks,soit’shighlypossiblethatwewouldcreatesomethingamazingbycombiningtherapidadvancesinneuroscience(神经科学)withtheadvantagesofcomputertechnology.Inthefuture,onecanhaveaspecializedcomputerchipputintohisbraintotreatcertainhealthissues,suchasdiseases,mooddisorders,andparalysis.21.Whocanhelpinapersonalizedcourseselection?A.Anindividualizedbodypartmaker. B.Abrainimplantspecialist.C.Apersonaleducationguide. D.Apharmaceuticalartisan.22.Whatdobrainimplantspecialistsmainlydo?A.Improvehumanintelligence.B.Changehowthebrainworks.C.Developmedicineforbraindiseases.D.Applycomputertechnologytobrainhealth.23.Whichisthecommonfeatureofthefourjobs?A.Onlinework. B.Personalizedservice.C.Artificialtechnology. D.Medicalknowledge.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个可能是最有前途的职业。〖答案〗21.C22.D23.B21．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据Personaleducationguide下的“Likeanadviser,apersonaleducationguidemayassistpeoplewithon-demandcourseselectionortheplanningofpersonalizedtraining.（像顾问一样，个人教育指南可以帮助人们按需选择课程或制定个性化培训计划。）”可知，个人教育指南能在个性化课程选择方面提供帮助。故选C。22．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据Brainimplantspecialist下的“Inthefuture,onecanhaveaspecializedcomputerchipputintohisbraintotreatcertainhealthissues,suchasdiseases,mooddisorders,andparalysis.（在未来，人们可以在大脑中植入一种专门的计算机芯片来治疗某些健康问题，如疾病、情绪障碍和瘫痪。）”可知，大脑植入专家主要是将计算机技术应用于大脑健康。故选D。23．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据Personaleducationguide下的“educationcouldbettermeetindividualneeds,（教育可以更好地满足个人的需求）”；Individualizedbodypartmaker下的“Doctorsmayexpectindividualizedorgansgrownor3Dprintedusingtheirpatients’owncells.（医生们可能期望用病人自己的细胞来培养或3D打印出个性化的器官。）”；Pharmaceuticalartisan(制药师)下的“basedonindividualneeds.（根据个人需求）”以及Brainimplantspecialist下的“aspecializedcomputerchipputintohisbraintotreatcertainhealthissues,（一个专门的电脑芯片植入他的大脑来治疗某些健康问题，）”可推知，这四种工作的共同特点是都具有个性化服务。故选B。BHangzhou,China—astunningopeningceremonyladenwithHangzhoucharacteristicsamazedtheworldonSaturday,asPresidentXiJinpingdeclaredthe19thAsianGamesopen.Withthecity’sprofoundhistory,cultureanditsmodernimagepresentedinaneye-catchingandhigh-techfashion,theopeningshowhelpedtoexpressthehost’swarmhospitalityanditswishtounitetheworldthroughsports.Followinganopeningperformancedepictingtheautumnequinox(秋分),oneofChina’s24solartermsthatcelebratestheharvestseason,over50,000spectatorsburstintocheersasXiannouncedtheopeningoftheHangzhouGames,makingtheZhejiangprovincialcapitalthethirdChinesecitytohostthecontinentalsportinggala,followingBeijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.WangHao,presidentofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhouOrganizingCommittee,saidHangzhouishonoredtoplayhosttosuchagrandevent,whichstartedonSeptember23rd.RajaRandhirSingh,theactingpresidentoftheOlympicCouncilofAsia,showedappreciationfortheChinesehost’smeticulous(细心的)organizationinhisspeech.“YouhavedoneafantasticjobinpreparingfortheAsianGames.Theone-yearpostponementduetothepandemicwasunprecedentedinOCAhistory,butyourdiligenceanddeterminationwillbearfruitoverthenext16daysandyouwillberewardedwiththemostmagnificentandsuccessfulAsianGamesever,”saidSingh.Supportedbynewtechnologies,theHangzhouceremonyboastedmanyhistoricfirsts.ForthefirsttimeinChina,organizersswitchedfromatraditionalfireworksshowtoavirtualdisplay,projected(放映)ontoagiantcurtainscreenthesizeofnineIMAXscreens.ToadheretotheprincipleofdeliveringthegreenestpossibleGames,zero-emissionmethanolwasusedtofuelallofthetorchesandthemaincauldron.Forthefinale,hundredsofmillionsofvirtualsparks,eachrepresentingaparticipantoftheonlinetorchrelay,formedtheshapeofahumantorchbearer,whoranintothestadiumtolightthemaincauldrontogetherwiththephysicalrelay’sfinalbearer—ZhejiangnativeandOlympicchampionswimmer,WangShun.24.WhywastheautumnequinoxdepictedatthebeginningoftheHangzhouAsianGamesOpeningCeremony?A.BecauseHangzhouwantstoshowitswarmhospitality.B.BecauseHangzhouwishestounitetheworldthroughsports.C.BecauseHangzhouhighlightsthehistoryofChina.D.BecauseHangzhouwishesparticipantsagoodharvestinthegame.25.WhatistrueabouttheHangzhouAsianGamesaccordingtothesecondandthirdparagraphs?A.ItisthefourthtimethatChinahashostedtheAsianGames.B.TheAsianGameswassupposedtobeheldin2022.C.WangHaosanghighpraisefortheorganizationofthegame.D.RajaRandhirSinghwasresponsiblefortheorganizationofthegame.26.HowdotheHangzhouAsianGamesattempttocutthecarbonfootprints?A.Byfuelingalltorchesandthemaincauldronwithcoal.B.Bydisplayingvirtualfireworksanddemonstratingthehistoryofthecity.C.Byemployingzero-emissionmethanolandinstallingagiantcurtainscreen.D.Byrepresentingaparticipantoftheonlinetorchrelay27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TechnologyandTraditionCombinefortheHangzhouOpeningGalaB.HistoryGoesDownintheHangzhouOpeningGalaC.MeticulousOrganizationisPraisedbytheWorldD.BestWishesareConveyedintheHangzhouOpeningGala【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。本文报道了第19届亚运会开幕式，一场充满杭州特色的令人惊叹的开幕式震惊了世界。〖答案〗24.D25.B26.C27.A24．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段“Followinganopeningperformancedepictingtheautumnequinox(秋分),oneofChina’s24solartermsthatcelebratestheharvestseason,over50,000spectatorsburstintocheersasXiannouncedtheopeningoftheHangzhouGames,makingtheZhejiangprovincialcapitalthethirdChinesecitytohostthecontinentalsportinggala,followingBeijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.(在一场描绘秋分(中国24节气之一，用来庆祝丰收的季节)的开场表演之后，当习宣布杭州奥运会开幕时，超过5万名观众爆发出欢呼声，使浙江省省会成为继1990年的北京和2010年的广州之后，第三个举办大陆体育盛会的中国城市)”可知，秋分是用来庆祝丰收的季节，所以秋分画在杭州亚运会开幕式的开头是因为杭州希望参与者在比赛中获得好收成。故选D项。25．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段“RajaRandhirSingh,theactingpresidentoftheOlympicCouncilofAsia,showedappreciationfortheChinesehost’smeticulous(细心的)organizationinhisspeech.“YouhavedoneafantasticjobinpreparingfortheAsianGames.Theone-yearpostponementduetothepandemicwasunprecedentedinOCAhistory,butyourdiligenceanddeterminationwillbearfruitoverthenext16daysandyouwillberewardedwiththemostmagnificentandsuccessfulAsianGamesever,”saidSingh.(亚洲奥林匹克理事会代理主席拉贾·兰迪尔·辛格在讲话中对中国东道主精心组织奥运会表示赞赏。“你们为亚运会做了出色的准备工作。由于疫情而推迟一年在亚奥理事会历史上是前所未有的，但你们的勤奋和决心将在未来16天结出果实，你们将获得有史以来最宏伟、最成功的亚运会。”)”可知，亚运会由于疫情而推迟一年，所以B项“亚运会原定于2022年举行”正确。故选B项。26．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ForthefirsttimeinChina,organizersswitchedfromatraditionalfireworksshowtoavirtualdisplay,projected(放映)ontoagiantcurtainscreenthesizeofnineIMAXscreens.(在中国，组织者第一次从传统的烟花表演转变为虚拟表演，投影在一块有9块IMAX银幕那么大的巨型幕幕上)”以及最后一段“ToadheretotheprincipleofdeliveringthegreenestpossibleGames,zero-emissionmethanolwasusedtofuelallofthetorchesandthemaincauldron.(为了坚持举办最环保奥运会的原则，所有火炬和主火炬都使用了零排放的甲醇)”可知，杭州亚运会通过使用零排放甲醇和安装一个巨大的帘幕来减少碳足迹。故选C项。27．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hangzhou,China—astunningopeningceremonyladenwithHangzhoucharacteristicsamazedtheworldonSaturday,asPresidentXiJinpingdeclaredthe19thAsianGamesopen.(中国杭州，周六，当主席宣布第19届亚运会开幕时，一场充满杭州特色的令人惊叹的开幕式震惊了世界)”可知，本文主要介绍了杭州亚运会的开幕式，以及第二段“Withthecity’sprofoundhistory,cultureanditsmodernimagepresentedinaneye-catchingandhigh-techfashion,theopeningshowhelpedtoexpressthehost’swarmhospitalityanditswishtounitetheworldthroughsports.(开幕式以一种引人注目的高科技方式展示了这座城市深厚的历史、文化和现代形象，表达了东道主的热情好客和通过体育团结世界的愿望)”可知，开幕式以一种引人注目的高科技方式展示了这座城市深厚的历史、文化和现代形象，所以A项“TechnologyandTraditionCombinefortheHangzhouOpeningGala(科技与传统的结合——杭州开幕盛典)”是本文最好的标题。故选A项。CWhenwedon’tregularlygetenoughsleeponweeknights,manyofushopetorepayoursleepdebtbysleepinglateonweekends.Scientistshavepreviouslyfoundthatalackofsleepincreasestheriskofbeingoverweight.However,itwasnotclearwhethersleepingmoreontheweekendcouldbalancethebooksandpreventsuchanincrease.AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofColoradoBouldersetouttofindhowaweekendofrecoverysleepmayinfluenceanindividual’shealth.Thestudyfocusedon36healthyyoungadults,whoweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirstgroupgotplentyofsleepeachnightfor9nights,whilethesecondgroupgotjust5hoursofsleepeachnightfor9nights.Thethirdgroupofpeopleslept5hoursfor5nights,sleptasmuchastheywantedovertheweekend,andthenreturnedto2moredaysoflimitedsleep.Allpeoples’eatingpatterns,weightgain,andchangesininsulin(胰岛素)sensitivityaretrackedthroughout.Comparedtopeoplewhosleptnormally,thosewhoonlyslept5hoursanightsnackedmoreafterdinnerandgainedanaverageofabout3poundsduringthestudy.Theirbodies’sensitivitytoinsulindecreasedby13%overthetwo-weekperiod.Peopleinthethirdgroupexperiencedsomemildimprovementduringtheweekend:theywerelesslikelytosnackatnightduringtherecoveryperiod.Butthosebenefitsdiedoutwhentheyreturnedtotheirweekdaysleep-restrictedschedule.Theyalsogainedanaverageofabout3poundsduringthestudyandexperienceda27%decreaseininsulinsensitivity.Furthermore,duringtheweekend,totalsleepdurationwaslowerinwomenthaninmen,andenergyintakedecreasedtobaselinelevelsinwomenbutnotinmen.Thestudysuggeststhatweekendrecoverysleepisnotlikelytobeaneffectivemeasureregardingmetabolic(新陈代谢)health.Inthefuture,theresearchteamaimstoexplorefurtherwhetherornotcatchinguponsleep,includingdaytimenapping,cancompletelychangethedamageofsleeploss,andifso,towhatextentandunderwhatconditions.28.Howdidtheresearchersarriveattheirconclusions？A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.Bycomparingexperimentdata.C.Bycollectingpeople’ssleeprecords.D.Byinterviewinghealthyyoungadults.29.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultsofthestudy？A.Sexdifferenceswereobservedinrecoverysleep.B.Lessfoodwaseatenaftertherecoveryperiod.C.Recoverysleepcontributedtolessweightgain.D.Insulinsensitivitygothigherinmostofthepeople.30.Whichofthefollowingisthefocusoffuturestudies？A.Theeffectivemeasuresagainstsleeploss.B.Thespecificeffectsofrecoverysleepstrategies.C.Thedamageofsleeplosstometabolichealth.D.Thesleepstudyamongvariousagegroups.31.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage？A.Weekendcatch-upsleepisimportant.B.Sleepdebtonweekendscanbepaidback.C.Weekendlie-insdon’tmakeupforsleeploss.D.Weekendrecoverysleepdoesdamagemetabolichealth.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究发现通过周末的睡眠来补偿一周睡眠缺失所带来的影响是不可能的。〖答案〗28.B29.A30.B31.C28．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstgroupgotplentyofsleepeachnightfor9nights,whilethesecondgroupgotjust5hoursofsleepeachnightfor9nights.Thethirdgroupofpeopleslept5hoursfor5nights,sleptasmuchastheywantedovertheweekend,andthenreturnedto2moredaysoflimitedsleep.Allpeoples’eatingpatterns,weightgain,andchangesininsulin(胰岛素)sensitivityaretrackedthroughout.(第一组连续9晚每晚都有充足的睡眠，而第二组连续9晚每晚只睡5个小时。第三组人连续5个晚上睡5个小时，周末想睡多久就睡多久，然后再继续两天的有限睡眠。所有人的饮食模式、体重增加和胰岛素敏感性的变化都被全程跟踪。)”可知，研究者通过跟踪、分析不同睡眠时间小组成员的饮食模式、体重增加和胰岛素敏感性的变化来获得结论,由此可知，研究者采用了比较研究数据的方法。故选B项。29．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Furthermore,duringtheweekend,totalsleepdurationwaslowerinwomenthaninmen,andenergyintakedecreasedtobaselinelevelsinwomenbutnotinmen.(此外，在周末，女性的总睡眠时间比男性短，女性的能量摄入量降至基线水平，而男性则没有。)”可知，在研究中，女性总睡眠时间比男性短，女性能量摄入量降低，而男性没有降，由此可知，在研究中研究者得出的结论存在着男女性别差异。故选A项。30．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据尾段“Thestudysuggeststhatweekendrecoverysleepisnotlikelytobeaneffectivemeasureregardingmetabolic(新陈代谢)health.Inthefuture,theresearchteamaimstoexplorefurtherwhetherornotcatchinguponsleep,includingdaytimenapping,cancompletelychangethedamageofsleeploss,andifso,towhatextentandunderwhatconditions.(该研究表明，周末恢复性睡眠不太可能是一种有效的代谢健康措施。未来，研究小组的目标是进一步探索补充睡眠，包括白天小睡，是否可以完全改变睡眠不足的损害，如果可以，在多大程度上，在什么条件下。)”可知，在未来研究团队的目标是进一步探索补偿性睡眠是否可以完全改变睡眠不足带来的损害，以及在多大程度上改变睡眠不足，由此可知，接下来研究的重点是恢复性睡眠策略的具体效果。故选B项。31．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据首段中的“Scientistshavepreviouslyfoundthatalackofsleepincreasestheriskofbeingoverweight.However,itwasnotclearwhethersleepingmoreontheweekendcouldbalancethebooksandpreventsuchanincrease.(科学家此前发现，睡眠不足会增加超重的风险。然而，目前尚不清楚周末多睡一觉是否能平衡收支，防止这种增长。)”可知，在首段提出周末多睡是否能平衡平时睡眠不足的问题，结合尾段中的“Thestudysuggeststhatweekendrecoverysleepisnotlikelytobeaneffectivemeasureregardingmetabolic(新陈代谢)health.(该研究表明，周末恢复性睡眠不太可能是一种有效的代谢健康措施。)”可知，研究结果表明睡眠缺失不能通过睡眠周末睡眠补偿，所以文章的出的结论是周末睡懒觉并不能弥补睡眠不足。故选C项。DArtificialIntelligence(AI)adviceisasinfluentialashumans’,butpositivecrowdviewsstilloverpower.Inastudy,researchersfoundthatmachinesthatmakerecommendationsorAIexpertswereasinfluentialashumanexpertswhentheAIexpertsrecommendedwhichphotousersshouldaddtotheironlinebusinessprofiles.However,bothAIandhumanexpertsfailedtobudgethemifthefeedbackofbothAIandhumanexpertswasnegativeandwentagainstpopularviewsamongotherusers,saidSundar,aprofessorofMediaEffects.Becausepeopleareincreasinglyusingsocialmediatolookforfeedback,studiessuggestthatexpertopinionsandthebandwagoneffect(从众效应)maybeimportantfactorsininfluencingdecisions.“Nowadays,weoftenturntoonlineplatformsforopinionsfromotherpeople-likeourpeersandexperts-beforemakingadecision,”saidJinpingWang,adoctoralcandidateinmasscommunicationandfirstauthorofthestudy.AIexpertsareoftenlessexpensivethanhumanexpertsandtheycanalsowork24hoursaday,which,Wangsuggests,mightmakethemappealingtoonlinebusinesses.TheresearchersalsofoundthattheAI’sgroupstatus(群体地位)-inthiscase,nationaloriginwaspointedout-didnotseemtoaffectaperson’sacceptanceofitsrecommendation.Amonghumanexperts,however,anexpertfromasimilarnationaloriginwhoofferedanegativeopinionofaphotographtendedtobemoreinfluentialthanahumanexpertfromanunknowncountrywhoofferedasimilarnegativeratingofaphotograph.WhilefindingsthatsuggestgroupstatusmaynotaffectwhetherapersonvaluestheviewofAIexpertssoundlikegoodnews.Sundarsuggeststhatthesameculturalbiases(偏见)mightstillbeatworkinAIexpertsfortheycouldbehiddenintheprogrammingandtrainingdata.“ItcanbebothgoodandbadbecauseitalldependsonwhatyoufeedAI,”saidSundar,“WhileitisgoodtobelieveinAI’sabilitytotranscend(超越)culturalbiases,wehavetokeepinmindthatifyoutraintheAIonpicturesfromoneculture,theycouldgivemisleadingrecommendationsonpicturesmeantforuseinotherculturalcontexts.”32.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“budgethem”inparagraph2mean？A.Raiseusers’spirits. B.Satisfyusers’needs.C.Changeusers’ideas. D.Fireusers’imagination.33.WhydousersoftenturntoAIexperts？A.AIexpertsaremoreknowledgeable.B.AIexpertsarelessinfluencedbyfeelings.C.AIexpertsaresonewastobemoreattractive.D.AIexpertsareonhandandcostless.34.Whichexpert’snegativeassessmentsisapersonmorelikelytobelieve？A.Anexpertfromcountrieswithsimilarculturestohis.B.Anexpertwhohasgreatachievementsinarts.C.Aforeignexpertwhoisverypopularworldwide.D.Anexpertwithbetterpersonalityandattitude.35.WhatdidSundarmeanbythelastparagraph？A.Peopleshouldhaveamindoftheirown.B.Peopleshouldbeabletotellgoodfrombad.C.PeopleshouldknowAI’shiddenculturalbiases.D.PeopleshouldbetrainedhowtouseAIproperly.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在进行推荐建议时，AI专家和人类专家的影响力一样有效。AI专家由于便捷性、低成本受到广泛欢迎，但我们不应该忘记其中隐藏的文化偏见，这取决于人类如何灌输和训练它。〖答案〗32.C33.D34.A35.C32．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Inastudy,researchersfoundthatmachinesthatmakerecommendations-orAIexperts-wereasinfluentialashumanexpertswhentheAIexpertsrecommendedwhichphotousersshouldaddtotheironlinebusinessprofiles.(在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人工智能专家建议哪些照片用户应该添加到他们的在线商业资料中时，提出建议的机器——或人工智能专家——的影响力与人类专家一样大。）以及However...ifthefeedbackofbothAIandhumanexpertswasnegativeandwentagainstpopularviewsamongotherusers（但是……如果人工智能和人类专家的反馈是负面的，并且与其他用户的流行观点相悖）”可知，当反馈是负面的情况下，人工智能和人类专家都不能打动他们，即改变不了用户的观点，因此budgethem的意思为“改变用户的观点”。故选C项。33．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AIexpertsareoftenlessexpensivethanhumanexpertsandtheycanalsowork24hoursaday,which,Wangsuggests,mightmakethemappealingtoonlinebusinesses.（王表示，人工智能专家通常比人类专家更便宜，而且他们可以一天24小时工作，这可能会让他们对在线企业有吸引力。）”可知，用户经常寻求AI专家的帮助是因为AI专家便捷并且花费少。故选D项。34．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Amonghumanexperts,however,anexpertfromasimilarnationaloriginwhoofferedanegativeopinionofaphotographtendedtobemoreinfluentialthanahumanexpertfromanunknowncountrywhoofferedasimilarnegativeratingofaphotograph.（然而，在人类专家中，来自相似国家的专家如果对照片给出负面评价，往往比来自未知国家的专家给出相似负面评价的照片更有影响力。）”可知，来自相似文化背景的专家的负面评价更容易让人相信。故选A项。35．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhileitisgoodtobelieveinAI’sabilitytotranscend(超越)culturalbiases,wehavetokeepinmindthatifyoutraintheAIonpicturesfromoneculture,theycouldgivemisleadingrecommendationsonpicturesmeantforuseinotherculturalcontexts.（虽然相信人工智能能够超越文化偏见是件好事，但我们必须记住，如果你用一种文化的图片来训练人工智能，它们可能会对其他文化背景下使用的图片给出误导性的建议。）”可推知，Sundar的意思是人们应该知道人工智能隐藏的文化偏见。故选C项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheImportanceofHandwritingisBecomingBetterUnderstoodAsprimary-schoolpupilsandPhDhopefulsreturnforanewschoolyear,manywillstudywithrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers._______36_______Universityprofessorscomplainoframpantdistractionsinclassroo