初中八年级英语课件GrammarSimplepasttenseandpresen

Grammar:SimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttenseUnit3OnlinetoursGrammarSimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttensebyLilinging1.Beabletounderstandthedifferencebetweenthesimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttense.(了解一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。）2.Beabletounderstanddifferentusesofthepresentperfecttense.(了解现在完成时态的三种不同用法。）3.Beabletounderstandandusethetimeexpressionswiththesimplepasttenseandpresentperfecttense.（理解并运用常和一般过去时和现在完成时连用的时间状语。）4.Beabletousethetwotensescorrectlytotalkaboutsomethinginsituations.（在情景中正确使用两种时态去讨论事情。）Teachingaims概念区别用法区别时间表达Iwashedmyshoesyesterday.我昨天洗了鞋。Ihavewashedmyshoes.我已经洗了鞋。Ileftmyhometownin2000.我是2000年离开家乡的。Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownfor19years我离开家乡已经19年了。IwenttoShanghaitwoyearsago.我两年前去上海的。IhavebeentoShanghaitwice.我已经去上海两次了。Comparethesesentences.影响现在持续到现在经历过一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。不表示与现在的关系，只着眼于过去。经常与yesterday,lastyear,in1998,justnow,inthepast等时间状语连用。现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的影响和结果，或表示过去发生的动作持续到现在甚至还将持续下去。强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，属于现在的范畴。

概念区别一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系，表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的动作对现在产生的结果或影响等。这种情况下，常与just,already,yet,notyet,等连用或不用时间状语。Ihadmybreakfast.我吃过早饭了。（只表明吃过了，至于现在饿不饿，还想不想吃点别的，情况不明。）Ihavehadmybreakfast.我已经吃过早饭了。（表明我已经吃过了，言外之意就是：我现在不饿，我现在不想吃别的了。）LiMinghasjustturnedoffthelight.李明刚刚把灯关了。（表示现在灯是关着的。）用法区别影响性现在完成时还可以表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，并且还会持续下去的某个动作或状态，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：today,thisweek,since,sinceyesterday,foralongtime,sofar,uptonow,tillnow等。WhendidyoustudyEnglish?你什么什么学英语的？（问开始学英语的时间）HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish?你学习英语多久了？（说明现在还在学）Thefilmbeganat8:00.电影八点开始的。Hurryup,thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.快点，电影已经开始十分钟了。Myfatherboughtthecarin2010.Myfatherhashadthecarsince2010.当现在完成时态中表示一个动作和状态持续时，我们要用延续性动词来替换瞬间动词。Ihaven'tleftheresince1997.Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.

瞬间动词在现在完成时的否定句中，己变成一种可以延续的状态。因此它可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。用法区别持续性现在完成时还可以表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历的事情，一般译为“过”，常和often,ever,never,once,twice,before,since等连用。IhavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.我去过颐和园两次。Wehavevisitedyourschoolbefore.我们以前去过你的学校。HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他从没去过北京。用法区别经历性justnow,yesterday,yesterdayevening，thismorning,last+时间(lastweek,lastmonth,lastyear，lastnight)

"一段时间+ago”表示“……前”如：threedaysago，amomentagoin+过去时间如：in1998just,yet,not...yet,already,...不用时间状语for+时间段如：for3dayssince+时间点如：since1998,sincethen,since3daysagaosince+从句如：sincehewasborn,sincehemovedheresofar,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,tillnow...often,ever,never,once,twice,before...时间表达一般过去时态现在完成时态影响性持续性经历性1.Mother______meanewcoatyesterday.I_______iton.Itfitsmewell.A.hadmade;havetiredB.made;havetriedC.hadmade;havetriedD.made;tried2.--He_____todrawhorsesalready.--When_____hedoit?--Lastyear.A.learned;hasB.learned;didC.haslearned;hasD.haslearned;did3.--_____you_____thetextyet?--Yes,we_____ittwohoursago.A.Did;copy;didB.Have;copied;haveC.Have;copied;didD.Did;copy;had4.--Why_____she_____angry?--Becausehe_____atherjustnow.A.did;get;shoutedB.has;got;hasshoutedC.did;get;hasshoutedD.has;got;hasshouted5.--HaveyoureadabookcalledJaneEyre?--Who_____it?A.writesB.haswrittenC.waswritingD.wrotePractise1.I_____never________(speak)toaforeignerbefore.Whataboutyou,LiLei?2.--______you______(be)totheUnitedStates?--Notyet.ButI________(go)toCanadaafewyearsago.3.I_____(get)toknowmyfriendJimtenyearsago.We___________(be)friendssincethen.4.Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyschoolinthepastfewyears.______(come)andseeitwithyourowneyes.5.--Areyousureyou_______(lose)thebook?--Yes,I____________(look)foriteverywhere,butIstillcan'tfindit.havespokenHavebeenwenthavebeengothavetakenComelosthavelookedPractise下列每句各有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.IhaveheardofHongKongalot,butIhaveneverbeentothere.2.BillhasleftRussiafortwoyears.been3.Thetravelerhascomehereforaweek.4.Oh,Jim.Hownicetomeetyou!Ihaven'tseenyousincealongtime.5.Ithasbeentwoyearssincehisfatherdied.单纯表示一段时间或强调一段时间时，虽然有since引导的从句，主句也不必用完成时态。类似特殊句型有：Thisisthe...that+句子

ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.Itisthefirst/secondtimethat+句子

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.beenawayRussiafortwoyears.beenforishave/hasbeento+名词have/hasbeen+副词（here,there,home)PractiseReadtheconversationandfillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthewordsgiven.A:Dad,______you______(have)yourbreakfast

yet?B:Yes,I______somebreadfiveminutesago.Whataboutyou?You_________________(finish)yourhomeworkalready,right?A:No,I______still__________(write)mycomposition.ButI____________(finish)itsoon,inabouttenminutes.Wecangotothecinemaatnine.B:Nohurry.Usually,thecinemadoesn'topenbefore9:30.Bytheway,_______you________(call)Wendyyet?Isshegoingwithus?A:Icalledheryesterday.Sheisn'tgoingwithusbecauseshe___________(s