2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 3 The world of science重点短语和句型学案（含答案）

Unit3Theworldofscience3.2重点短语和句型重点短语1.inaddition除此之外，另外【相关短语】inadditionto除……之外，还……(＝aswellas＝besides)except(＝but)除……外(其余都)apartfrom(＝except/besides)除……之外名师提醒inadditionto意为“加在……上”，其中to是介词，因此用inadditiontodoingsth，而不是inadditiontodosth。【经典例句】(教材P27)Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.此外，由于不断提高的计算机能力，医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.Inaddition,itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.该公司提供廉价的互联接入服务。此外，它还免费提供共享软件。【巧学助记】①______________hishomework，hedidmanyexercises.除了家庭作业外，他还做了许多习题。②__________________,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.除此之外，络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易而且方便了。【答案】1.Inadditionto2.Inaddition/Besides2.beusedtodo被用来做某事【相关短语】(1)usedto过去常常Thereusedtobe...过去常常有……(2)be/getusedto(doing)sth.习惯(做)某事【经典例句】(教材P27)Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.像3D打印机这样的新发明已经被用来制造心脏和骨头的替代品。Woodisoftenusedtomakedesksandchairs.木头常常被用来制作桌椅。【巧学助记】①Thereused____________(be)anoldtempleonthehill,didn't/usedn'tthere?②TheNileRiverused____________(flood)largeareasbutnowthewaterisused____________(produce)electricity.③Heisusedto____________(take)notesofeverythinghedid.【答案】1.tobe2.tofloodtoproduce3.taking3.intermsof根据……来说；依照……；就……而言【相关短语】inthelong/shortterm就长/短期而言beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人交情好/不好【经典例句】(教材P27)Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.就环境而言，现在有可能制造出一个可以走的智能屋。Intermsofmoneywe'requiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.从钱的角度说，我们相当富有，但就幸福而言则不然。【巧学助记】①Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironment____________________.从长期来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。②Wehavebeen____________________ourneighborsforalltheseyears.这么多年来我们一直和邻居的关系很好。【答案】①inthelongterm ②ongoodtermswith4.lookfor寻找【相关短语】lookthrough浏览lookafter照顾；照看lookout当心lookup查阅lookforwardto期盼lookdownon/upon轻视，看不起【经典例句】Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.(教材P32)一代又一代的学童对他的勇敢和寻找真理的科学方法感到惊讶。【巧学助记】①Weallneedtolook____________waystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.②Wouldyoupleaselook____________thepaperformeandseeifthereareanymistakes?③Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand，lookthem____________inadictionary.④It’swrongofyoutolookdown____________thepoor.⑤Thisisagreatplaceforcampingbutyouhavetolook____________forsnakes.【答案】1.for2.through3.up4.on/upon5.out5.takeplace发生【相关短语】taketheplaceof＝takeone’splace代替；就座inplaceof代替inplace在合适的位置，恰当outofplace不在合适的位置，不恰当名师提醒takeplace为不及物动词短语，无被动形式，多指预先计划、安排要发生的事情；突然发生则用happen或occur。【经典例句】AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace，morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.(教材P33)尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证实，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。Warmairisgoingup，heavycoolairmovesintotaketheplaceofit.热空气上升时，大量的冷空气填充了它的位置。Yourwordswerequiteoutofplaceonsuchaseriousoccasion.在这样严肃的场合里，你的话太不恰当了。【巧学助记】①Greatchanges___________________________inChinasincethe1980s.自从20世纪80年代以来中国发生了很大的变化。②ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’ll______________________________duringhisabsence.经理将要出差，他不在时我将代替他。③Someofthesebooksare________________,makingthewholeroommessy.You’dbetterputthesebooks________________.Otherwise，itwillbedifficulttofindthem.有些书放的地方不对，这使得整个房间乱七八糟的。你最好把这些书放在适当的地方，否则，找到它们很困难。【答案】1.havetakenplace2.takehisplace/taketheplaceofhim3.outofplaceinplace6.diefrom死于【相关短语】diefrom 由外部原因造成的死亡dieof 用于死因存在于人身体之内dieaway逐渐减弱；逐渐消失dieof死于dieoff相继死去dieout灭绝；消失diedown减弱，平息【经典例句】ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.但是科学家们都认为如果富兰克林接触了钥匙,他早就可能死于电击了。Fortythousandchildrenadaydiefrompreventablediseases.每天有4万个孩子死于本可以预防的疾病。Takethecaseofthatpatient;hedidnotdiefromit.以那个病人为例,这并不是他的死因。【巧学助记】①Thesheerhaddied________andtherewasamomentofabsolutesilence.②Elephantswoulddie_______ifmencouldshootasmanyastheywished.③Theseanimalsdied______onebyoneshortlyaftertheIceAgecametoanend.④Thespeakerwaiteduntilthelaughterhaddied__________.⑤Atthesametimelackofsleepandfoodsituation，youwilldie________lackofsleep.【答案】1.away2.out3.off4.down5.from7.apartfrom除……之外【相关短语】apartfrom具有双重含义，既相当于except/but(除……之外)，又相当于besides/inadditionto(除……之外还有)。apartfrom 具有多重意义，既可代替besides，也可代替except或exceptforbesides “除了……之外(还有)”，即把除去的部分也包括在整体之内except “除了……之外”，表示在整体中减去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整体之内【经典例句】(教材P32)Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他不仅是一位成功的政治家，还是美国著名的作家、印刷家和出版商、成功的外交家、创造性的科学家和发明家。Theofficeisemptyapartfromthedustmanafterworkeveryday.每天下班后办公室里除了清洁工，什么人也没有。【巧学助记】选词填空(apartfrom/except/besides)①____________________beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.②It'sreallyagoodfilm____________theending.③Theshopisopeneveryday____________onSundays.【答案】1.Apartfrom/Besides2.apartfrom3.eupwith想出；提出【相关短语】comeup走近;上来;发芽;发生;被提出comeabout发生comeacross穿过(路、桥);(偶然)遇见;发现comeout出来;(书等)出版;发行cometo苏醒;总计;达到;谈到whenitcomesto...当谈到……【经典例句】Severalofthemembershavecomeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.有几位成员提出了自己的建议。Thepresidentwasmovedtocomeupwiththesesuggestionsafterthehearings.听证会促使总统想出了这些建议。I’msureitwillallcomeoutallrightintheend.我敢肯定最后结局会很好。Newshootsofbamboowillcomeupfromaroundtherootsoftheoldones.新的竹笋将从旧根的周围长出来。Icameacrossmyoldcollegeclassmateintheparktoday.今天在公园遇到我大学的老同学。【巧学助记】——单句语法填空①Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_________?②Icame____________thisoldphotographwhenlookingforabookyesterday.③Whenitcomes________computergames,heisalwaysveryexcited.——完成句子④Alotofnewquestions____________atthemeeting.＝People________________alotofnewquestionsatthemeeting.在此次会议上，许多新问题被提了出来。【答案】1.about2.across3.to4.cameup5.cameupwith重点句型9.(教材P26)Itsuggeststhatthepresentdayisanewageforinventions,butmanypeoplemightthinkthatthegreatageofinventionisover.这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束。【用法】句式分析：句中“Itsuggeststhat...”结构中的it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。suggest意为“表明”。suggest表示“暗示或表明”等意思时，其后接的that从句要用陈述语气。(2)suggest作动词，表示“提议，建议”，后面可以跟名词、代词、动名词和that从句作宾语。其中that从句谓语通常用“(should)＋动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式。【经典例句】Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.她的表情说明她生气了。Isuggestedhimthatheshouldjoinintheclubactivities.我建议他参加俱乐部的活动。【巧学助记】①Itissuggestedthattheworkreferredto____________________(finish)atonce.②Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill，andherparentssuggestedthatshe______________(have)amedicalexamination.③Isuggest_______(go)outforawalkaftersupper.【答案】(should)befinished2.was(should)have3.going10.(教材P33)Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实是受到了一个掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。【句式剖析】本句为复杂的主从复合句。句中that引导的是同位语从句。Thenewsthattheyha