Module4Unit2Whatisthebestwaytotravel？知识点课件英语八年级上册张

教材语境

I

am

planning

to

travel

from

London

to

Amsterdam.

我正打算从伦敦到阿姆斯特丹旅行。（教材P28）&1&

plan

v.

计划；打算She

originally

planned

to

be

a

doctor.她原本打算当医生。It

was

midnight,

but

he

was

still

awake

thinking

about

the

teaching

plan.午夜了，但是他仍然醒着，思考教学计划。（选自鸡西中考）语境串记I'm

planning（v.）

to

take

a

vacation

to

Huangshan

Mountain.

What's

your

plan（n.）

for

the

vacation?

我正打算去黄山度假。你的假期计划是什么？教材语境

How

long

does

the

journey

take

and

what

is

the

best

way

to

travel?

这趟旅程要花费多长时间？最佳的旅行方式是什么？（教材P28）&2&

how

long

多长时间；多长&3&

（1）此处用来询问时间长短，与延续性动词连用。回答常用"（For+）时间段"。—How

long

did

he

stay

here?

他在这儿待了多久?—About

two

hours.

大约两个小时。（2）还可以用来询问某物的长度，表示"多长"。—How

long

is

the

river?这条河有多长？—About

20

千米。&4&

含有how的其他特殊疑问短语：how

soon"多久"，主要用来对"in+时间段"进行提问。how

often"多久一次"，主要用来对"频度副词"或"一段时间内某事发生的次数"进行提问。how

far"多远"，

主要用来对"距离"进行提问。常用"...minutes'/hours'

walk"（步行……分钟/小时的路程）或"...minutes'/hours'

drive"（……分钟/小时的车程）等回答。&5&

journey/ˈdʒɜːni/

n.

旅行；旅程&6&

journey,

trip,

tour与traveljourney指从一地到另一地，通常指较长距离的陆路、海路或空中的旅行，并且是有预定地点的长途旅行。trip通常指短程往返的"旅行，出行"，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中有时可代替journey。tour主要目的是游览或视察，距离可长可短，常带有"最后回到出发地"的含义。travel作"旅行，游历"讲，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的"旅行"，尤指出国旅行。A

thousand-mile

journey

begins

with

the

first

step.

千里之行，始于足下。They

made

a

boat

trip

to

the

island

last

month

and

had

great

fun

there.他们上个月乘船去了那个岛，并且在那儿玩得很开心。I

want

to

make

a

tour

around

Europe.我想环游欧洲。I

am

reading

a

novel

about

the

travel

to

space.

我正在读一本关于太空旅行的小说。&8&

该句型是一种委婉的说法，表示礼貌地请求。可与"Will/Would

you

please...?"互相转换。教材语境

Could

you

please

tell

me

about

the

trains

or

ships

to

get

there?

请问你能告诉我去那儿的火车或轮船的情况吗？（教材P28）&7&

Could

you

please...?Could

you

please

give

us

a

short

answer?

请问你能给我们一个简短的答复吗？&9&

该句型的答语：肯定回答：Sure./Of

course./OK./All

right./...否定回答：Sorry./I'm

sorry./...—Could

you

please

tell

me

the

way

to

the

museum?

请问你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗？—Sure./Of

course./Sorry,

I'm

new

here.

当然可以。/当然可以。/对不起,

我刚来到这里。教材语境

A

journey

by

train

is

more

relaxing

than

by

coach，but

a

lot

more

expensive.

乘火车旅行比乘长途汽车旅行更令人放松，但是也贵得多。（教材P28）&10&

a

lot

的用法&11&

此处作副词短语，修饰形容词比较级。常见用法：典例1

(达州中考改编)—Which

country

has

a

________

population,

China

or

Canada?—China.

Canada

is

a

lot

________

crowded

than

China.(

)AA.bigger;

less

B.bigger;

muchC.smaller;

less

D.smaller;

little【解析】句意：——哪个国家的人口更多，中国还是加拿大？——中国。加拿大没中国那么拥挤。根据常识可知，中国人口更多。问句是询问哪个国家的人口更多，故第一空填bigger；答句中的a

lot和than提示第二空应与crowded一起构成比较级，故填less。

选A。教材语境

You

can

go

by

car

and

by

ship

across

the

North

Sea.

你可以坐车和乘船穿过北海。（教材P28）&12&

across

prep.

穿过；横过&13&

&14&

across，through与over三者都含有"从……一边到另一边"之意,但用法有所区别。across指从事物表面的一边到另一边，如：过河、过马路等。through指从事物的内部穿过，如：穿过洞穴、隧道、森林等。over指翻过一个高的障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）到另一侧的动作。语境串记Jim,

if

you

want

to

climb

over

the

mountain,

you'll

have

to

swim

across

the

river

first,

and

then

walk

through

the

forest.吉姆，如果你想翻过那座山，你得先游过这条河，接着穿过那片森林。典例2

(连云港中考)The

traffic

light

is

green.

Let's

go

___

the

road.C

【解析】against"反对，违背"；among"在……之中"；across"穿过，横过"；above"在……上方"。根据前句句意"交通灯是绿灯"可知，此处是说"我们过马路吧"。故选C。&15&

book/bʊk/

v.

预订&16&

教材语境

Book

your

ticket

before

you

book

your

hotel.

预订旅馆之前先订好票。（教材P28）&17&

此处作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。And

try

to

book

a

non-stop

flight.

试着预订直达航班。（选自辽阳中考）（及物动词）Book

early，or

the

tickets

will

sell

out.

提早预订，否则票就卖完了。（不及物动词）&18&

book与orderbook指预订旅馆的房间、饭店席位或出行的车票、机票等。order通常指订购、订货，尤指书面下订单，也可指就餐时点酒、点菜等。语境串记I

booked

a

table

for

four

for

7

pm，

and

I

ordered

asandwich

specially

for

you.

我预订了晚上七点的四人桌,并且我专门给你点了个三明治。典例3

(安徽中考)—Hello,

Beijing

Hotel.

Can

I

help

you?—Yes,

I'd

like

to

___

a

single

room

for

two

nights.C

【解析】句意：——您好，北京酒店。请问您需要什么服务吗？——是的，我想预订两个晚上的单人房间。enter"进入"；move"移动"；book"预订"；provide"提供"。根据语境可知此处表示"预订房间"，应用book。故选C。&19&

outside/ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/

prep.

在……之外

adv.

在外面；朝户外

n.

外面；外部

adj.

外部的；外表的教材语境

Remember

that

parking

in

Amsterdam

isvery

expensive，so

stay

outside

the

city

centre

and

travel

in

by

bus

or

by

train.

记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，所以（最好）住在市中心外面，再乘公共汽车或火车进入市中心。（教材P28）You

can

park

your

car

outside

our

house.你可以把汽车停在我们家外面。Go

outside

and

see

if

it's

是否在下雨。It's

cold

outside.

You'd

better

put

on

your

coat

when

you

go

out.外面冷，你出去的时候最好穿上外套。（选自恩施州中考）You

can't

open

the

door

from

the

outside.

你从外边打不开这扇门。

The

outside

walls

are

red.

外墙是红色的。&20&

park/pɑːk/

v.

停放（车）；泊（车）&21&

此处作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。You

can't

park

here.此处不准停车。（不及物动词）He

showed

me

where

to

park

the

car.

他给我指了指在哪里停车。（及物动词）&23&

该固定句型表示"做某事花费某人多长时间"

。其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是to

dosth.,take意为"花费"。教材语境

And

it

takes

you

about

twelve

hours

to

get

there.

并且到那里要花费你大约12个小时。（教材P28）&22&

.

.Ittakes/took

sb.

some

timeto

do

sth.It

took

us

about

half

an

hour

to

get

to

the

airport.=We

spent

about

half

an

hour

（in）

getting

to

the

airport.到机场花了我们大约半个小时。该句型可与"Sb.spends/spentsometime（in）doingsth."或"Sb.spends/spentsometimeonsth."相互转换。典例4

(龙东中考)It

___

Zhang

Guimei

many

years

to

help

about

1,800

girl

studentsin

poor

areas

realize

their

collegedreams.A

【解析】句意：张桂梅花了许多年的时间帮助贫困地区大约1

800名女学生实现了她们的大学梦。此处是"It

takes/took

sb.

some

time

to

do

sth."句型，意为"做某事花费某人多长时间"。故选A。教材语境

However，it

will

not

cost

as

much

as

goingby

train.

然而，它不会像乘火车那样花那么多钱。（教材P28）&24&

however/haʊˈevə/

adv.

然而；但是&25&

however与but两者都可表示转折，但用法上有区别。however作副词，位于句首、句中、句末均可。用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。but作并列连词，位于所引出的分句之首。but之后一般不用逗号。However,

lying

to

stay

out

of

trouble

can

lead

to

more

trouble

in

the

end.

然而，为了远离麻烦而撒谎最终会导致更多的麻烦。（选自安顺中考）We

make

a

living

by

what

we

get,but

we

make

a

life

by

what

we

give.

我们生存靠的是我们所得到的东西，但我们生活靠的却是我们所付出的东西。（选自荆门中考）However&28&

此处作及物动词，其主语一般为物。其过去式是cost。常用结构：物+cost（s）（sb.）+钱"某物花费（某人）多少钱"。&26&

cost/kɒst/

v.价钱为；花费n.价钱；成本；代价

&27&

The

training

shoes

cost

me

220

yuan.

这双运动鞋花了我220元。&29&

作名词，常见含义:（1）"价钱；费用"，作可数名词和不可数名词均可。It

is

reported

that

the

cost

of

living

has

been

rising

around

the

world

in

recent

years.

据报道，近年来世界各地的生活费用一直在上涨。（选自宜宾中考）（2）"成本"，通常以复数形式costs出现。We

have

to

raise

our

prices

because

of

rising

costs.

因为成本不断上涨，我们不得不提高价格。（3）"代价"，作不可数名词。She

saved

the

little

boy

from

the

fire

at

the

cost

of

her

own

life.

她以牺牲自己的生命为代价把小男孩从火中救了出来。&30&

cost，spend,

take与paycostspendtakepayThe

meal

cost

us

about

＄40.

这顿饭花了我们约40美元。You

spent

too

much

time

on

TV.=You

spent

too

much

time

（in）watching

TV.

你花了太多时间在（看）电视上。It

took

us

over

4

years

to

build

the

Metro

Line

1.

建地铁1号线花了我们四年多的时间。I

paid

＄40

for

a

skirt.

我花40美元买了条裙子。D

【解析】句意：这条裙子花了我妈妈300元。"物"作主语时用动词cost，故选D。教材语境

It

is

the

fastest

and

the

second

cheapest，but

you

may

have

to

wait

for

hours

at

the

airport

because

of

bad

weather.

它是最快的也是第二便宜的，但你可能会因为糟糕的天气不得不在机场等上几个小时。（教材P28）&33&

该结构意为"第……个最……的（……）"。&31&

the+

序数词+形容词最高级（+可数名词单数）

&32&

The

second

largest

rainforest

is

in

Western

Africa.

第二大雨林在西非。（选自宁波中考）Tea

is

the

world's

second

most

popular

drink

（after

water）.

茶是世界上第二受欢迎的饮品（仅次于水）。（选自滨州中）典例7

(丹东中考)As

we

all

know,

the

Yellow

River

is

___

longest

river

in

China.B

twice

second

【解析】句意：众所周知，黄河是中国的第二长河。根据常识可知，黄河是中国第二长的河流，此处表示顺序，且为"the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数"结构，意为"第…