们在上发现没有邻居说明种情况手动配置如下路由模块network type

R2和R3的基R2和R3的基本interfaceipaddress2.2.2.2!interfaceipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relayserialrestart-delayframe-relaymapip12.1.1.3101broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!routerospfrouter-idnetwork2.2.2.00.0.0.255area0network12.1.1.00.0.0.255areainterfaceinterfaceipaddress3.3.3.3!interfaceipaddress12.1.1.3255.255.255.0encapsulationframe-relayserialrestart-delayframe-relaymapip12.1.1.2102broadcastnoframe-relayinverse-arp!routerospfrouter-idnetwork3.3.3.00.0.0.255area0network12.1.1.00.0.0.255areaType1Non_Broadcast（默认我们在R2上showipospfneighbor，发现没有邻居。说明在这种情R2(config)#routerospfR3(config)#routerospfR3(config- 此时在R2上查看邻居R2#sho此时在R2上查看邻居R2#shoipospfDead1发现邻居已经形成并且有DR与BDR在R2上查R2#showipospfinterfaceSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,AreaProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypeNON_BROADCAST,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateBDR,PriorityDesignatedRouter(ID)3.3.3.3,Interfaceaddress12.1.1.3BackupDesignatedrouter(ID)2.2.2.2,InterfaceaddressFlushtimerforoldDRLSAdueinRetransmit在这种网络类型中，hello的间隔是30s打开debug信息，我们可以看到在这种网络类型中，OSPF的数据包是单播传送的。*Aug1414:52:52.819:OSPF:Sendhelloto12.1.1.3area0Serial1/0fromSerial1/0from*Aug1414:52:57.087:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1414:52:57.091:OSPF:Endofhello 首先去掉刚才手动配置的邻居关R2(config)#routerospfR3(config)#routerospfR2(config-router)#ints1/0R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkbroadcastR3(config-router)#ints1/1R3(config-if)#ipospfnetwork一会我们就看到了如下*Aug1414:59:52.823:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading这说明了在这种网络类型下是不需要手动配置邻居关系R2#showipospfDead1Dead1有DR与BDR的选举R2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypeBROADCAST,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateBDR,PriorityDesignatedRouter(ID)3.3.3.3,Interfaceaddress12.1.1.3BackupDesignatedrouter(ID)2.2.2.2,InterfaceaddressRetransmit*Aug1415:02:20.443:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0Serial1/0from*Aug1415:02:20.959:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:02:20.963:OSPF:Endofhello使用224.0.0.5这个组播地址传送数据包 Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetpoint-to-pointR3(config-if)#ipospfnetpoint-to-pointR3(config-*Aug1415:06:07.559:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading说明这种网络类型也不需要手动指定R2#shoipospfDead 0-没有DR/BDR的选R2#shipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_POINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StateRetransmit5*Aug1415:08:25.311:OSPF:Sendhelloto*Aug1415:08:25.311:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0*Aug1415:08:30.259:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:08:30.263:OSPF:Endofhello同样也是使用224.0.0.5这个组播地址传送 Point-to-将接口改为Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointR3(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipoint*Aug1415:10:51.739:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,2.2.2.2onSerial1/1fromLOADINGtoFULL,Loading同样也不需要手动指定R2#shoipospfDead 0-没有DR和BDRR2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisInternetAddressInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,AreaProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello30,Dead120,Wait120,Retransmit*Aug1415:12:49.759:OSPF:Sendhelloto224.0.0.5area0*Aug1415:12:57.443:OSPF:Rcvhellofrom3.3.3.3area0Serial1/0*Aug1415:12:57.447:OSPF:Endofhello以224.0.0.5这个组播地址发 Point-to-R2(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointnon-R3(config-if)#ipospfnetworkpoint-to-multipointnon-这个时候邻居没有被自动发现。我们在R2上手动指R2(config-if)#routerospfR2(config- R2(config-*Aug1415:18:38.955:R2(config- R2(config-*Aug1415:18:38.955:%OSPF-5-ADJCHG:Process10,3.3.3.3onSerial1/0fromLOADINGtoFULL,LoadingDoneR2#shoipospfDead 0-同样没有DR和BDR的选R2#shoipospfSerial1/0isup,lineprotocolisupInternetAddress12.1.1.2/24,Area0ProcessID10,RouterID2.2.2.2,NetworkTypePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Cost:64TransmitDelayis1sec,StatePOINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,Timerintervalsconfigured,Hello30,Dead120,Wait120,R