过去分词 讲义 2022届高考英语语法（学生版）

PAGE12022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（过去分词）学生版考点清单一：过去分词作状语要点精讲1：过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语,用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，表示与句子主语之间的被动关系。例1：Clearlyandthoughtfullywritten,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.例2：Pressedfromhisparents,andrealizingthathehaslittletimeleft,theboyisdeterminedtofocusonhisproject.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(encourage)bythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.2._____________(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiswalletathome.要点：2.“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语。如beabsorbed/dressed/trapped/occupiedin,beequipped/loaded/burdenedwith,beaccustomed/devoted/committed/addictedtodoing。例3：Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,bathedinthemountainingoldenlight.例4：Absorbedinreading,Tomdidn’tevennoticehismomcomein.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.(trap)intheriverforfivehours,thethieflookedverypaleandexhausted.4.(trap)intheriverforfivehoursmakesthethieflooksverypaleandexhausted.5.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,helookedverypaleandexhausted.6.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,sohelookedpaleandexhausted.要点精讲2：用于“连词+过去分词”结构，构成状语从句省略句式，表示从句谓语与句子主语之间的被动关系。例5：Oncemarried,Joedevotedherlifetobeingafull-timehomemaker.

例6：Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,whennottreatedintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.例7：Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。7.Nomatterhowfrequently(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.8.When____________(compare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.考点清单二:过去分词作宾语补足语要点精讲1：过去分词作补足语，逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语,用作观感使役类动词的宾补，如see,watch,hear,notice,have,make,leave,keep,find。例8：Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashed.例9：Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。9.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.10.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go/steal/miss/go/lose)11.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes(fix)onthescreen要点精讲2：用于“with+名词/代词+过去分词”结构作宾补；省略with则转化为“名词/代词+过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。例10：Withallthemoneyusedup,themanhadtomakealivingbybegging.例11：Muchtimespentsittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.He

rushed

into

the

room,

withhis

face

(cover)

with

sweat.13.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons______________(finish)fortheday.14.Withthedifficultproblem_________(settle),hethrewhimselfinthesofainrelief.考点清单三:过去分词作定语要点精讲2：过去分词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词.单个分词常作前置定语，分词短语多作后置定语；过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。例12：Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.例13：Anumberofroadshaveblockedbyfallentreesbecauseoftheheavyrain.例14：ManywordsassociatedwithlifeintheWestareSpanish.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。15.Fromthedates(mark)onthegoldcoin,wedecideditwasmadefivehundredyearsago.16.Canthose/(sit/seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?考点清单四:过去分词作表语要点精讲：过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain,sound,feel等系动词之后；“get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。例15：Thoughhewasanewman,hegotaccustomedtothewayoflifehereverysoon.例16：Tomsoundsveryinterestedinthejob,butI'mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。17.Thestorywasso(move)thatallofuswere(move)totears．18.Pleaseremain(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.19.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.考点清单五：过去分词用于谚语、插入语例17：Comparedwithtraditionaleducation,onlineeducationhasmanyadvantages.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20.Unitedwestand;(divide)wefall.21.Well(begin),halfdone.22.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan(keep).好题再练（一）高考真题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2021·全国乙)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome________(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.2.(2021·新高考全国)Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus(astonish).3.(2020·全国II)Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.4.(2020·江苏改编)Technologicalinnovations,____________(combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.5.(2020·天津改编)___________(complete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.6.(2018·全国III)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel________(challenge).7.(2018·北京改编)Ordinarysoap,_________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.8.(2018·天津改编)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographs___________(take).9.(2017·浙江)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden.10.(2017·北京改编)Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytime___________(spend)withhisstudents.好题再练（二）模拟试题用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。12.Withthegovernment’said,those_________(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.13.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_______(remind)ofhisowndreams.14.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload(take)offmymind.15.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?16._______(face)withsomuchtrouble,Chinahassucceededcontrollingthespreadofcovid-19.17.Thepolicerecommendedthatthe(injure)intheaccident(take)tothehospital.18.Unless_____________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.19._______(locate)inthecenterofthecity,theparkisagoodplaceforarestatweekends.20.Whenhecamebacktolife，hefoundhimselflyingonthefloor,withhishands__________(tie)behind.好题再练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.(2020·全国I)Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.22.Withtheboyledtheway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.23.Concernin