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天津外国语学院
年攻读英语语言文学专业硕士学位
研究生入学考试样题
考试科目:基础英语+汉语
(考试时间180分钟总分150分)
I.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestexplainstheunderlinedwordorphraseinthe
sentence.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(20pointsfor20
questions)Thefollowingarefivesamplequestions.
l.Youtalkaboutitasifitwereagrammarschoolinsteadofaleadinguniversity.
A.verylarge
B.veryserious
C.veryprestigious
D.veryfundamental
2.1attendedthegreatpoet9spriorlectureandwasnotabouttomisshisencore-even
thoughIwasquartered110milesnorthoftheuniversity.
A.lived
B.wasseparated
C.wasinformed
D.wasarrested
3.AtthatmomentMr.Frost'shostmaterializedbehindhimtoremindhimofhis
schedule.
A.appeared
B.handedhimsomething
C.spoke
D.told
4.Companieswilladdressthissituationthroughmethodslikeon-sitecounselingand
thedevelopmentofspecialprograms.
A.gotothespot
B.remember
C.record
D.dealwith
5.1gotoutthankstoacollegescholarshipandbecauseIwasalittlemorearticulate
thantheaverage.
A.abletodoadditioneffectively
B.abletoexpressone'sthoughtseffectively
C.abletowriteeffectively
D.abletoinitiatethingseffectively
ILReadcarefullythefollowingpassage(s)andthenanswerthequestions.(20
pointsfor20questions).Thefollowingisasamplepassagewithfivesample
questions.
Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunning
toolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.
Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics-thescienceofconferringvarioushuman
capabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversion
ofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.Asaresult,themodernworldis
increasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebut
whoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.
Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Our
bankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanical
politenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobo-
drivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsand
micro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsof
brainandbonesurgerywithsubmillimeteraccuracy-fargreaterprecisionthan
highlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.Butifrobotsareto
reachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshuman
supervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves-goalsthat
posearealchallenge.
“Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror/9saysDave
Lavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,“wecan*tyetgivearobotenough
'commonsense'toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld.”Indeedthequestfor
trueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitial
optimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsand
microprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear
2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnot
centuries.Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehuman
brain*sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented-andhuman
perceptionfarmorecomplicated-thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobots
thatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterina
controlledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidly
changingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,
instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthe
singlefaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan't
approachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon'tknowquitehowwedoit.
1.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin.
A.theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction.
B.thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry.
C.theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork.
D.theelite'scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork
2.Theword“gizmos”(line1,paragraph2)mostprobablymeans.
A.programs.B.experts.C.devices.D.creatures.
3.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman'sabilitynowistodesignarobotthat
can.
A.fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery.
B.interactwithhumanbeingsverbally.
C.havealittlecommonsense.
D.respondindependentlytoachangingworld.
4.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso.
A.makeafewdecisionsforthemselves.
B.dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention.
C.improvefactoryenvironments.
D.cultivatehumancreativity.
5.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare.
A.expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure.
B.abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately.
C.farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation.
D.bestusedinacontrolledenvironment.
ILLFillineachblankwithanappropriatewordorphrasetocompletethe
followingpassage.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Asadoctorwhotravelsquitealot,Ispentalotoftimeonplaneslisteningfor
thatdreaded“Isthereadoctoronboard?^^announcement.Ilavebeencalledonlyonce
forawomanwhohadmerelyfainted.Butthe_1__mademequite___2_howoften
thiskindofthinghappens.IwonderwhatIwoulddoifconfrontedwitharealmidair
emergencywithoutaccessbyahospitalstaffandtheusualemergencyequipment.So
whentheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinelastweekpublishedastudyaboutin
flightmedicalevents,Ireaditwith_3—.
Thestudyestimatedthatthereareanaverageofthirtyin-flightmedical
emergenciesonUSflightseveryday.Mostofthemarenot_4—.—5—13%of
themareseriousenoughtorequirethepilottochangecourse.Themostcommon
emergencies_6—hearttrouble,strokeanddifficultyinbreathing.
Let'sfaceit:planeridesarestressful.Forstarters,cabinpressuresathigh
altitudearesetroughlywhattheywouldbeifyoulivedat5000to8000feetabovesea
level.Mostpeoplecan_7—thesepressures,butpassengerswithheartdisease_8—
experiencechestpain.Anotherproblemisdeepvenousthrombosis-theso-called
economicclasssyndrome.___9_happens,donotpanic.Thankstomorerecent
legislation,_10___withjustoneattendantarestartingtoinstallemergencymedical
kitstotreatheartattacks.
IV.Paraphrasetheunderlinedsentences.WriteyouranswersontheANSWER
SHEET.(10points)
1.Warornowar,asthegenerationspassed,itbecameincreasinglydifficultforour
youngpeopletoacceptstandardsofbehaviorthatborenorelationshiptothe
bustlingbusinessmediuminwhichtheywereexpectedtobattleforsuccess.The
waractedmerelyasacatalyticagentinthisbreakdownofVictoriansocial
structure.
2.Forthegreatmajorityofautomobileworkers,theonlymeaningofthejobisin
thepaycheck,notanythingconnectedwiththeworkortheproduct.Workappears
assomethingunnatural,adisagreeable,meaninglessandstultifyingconditionof
gettingthepaycheck,devoidofdignityaswellasofimportance.
V.Therearetwosectionsinthispart.ForSection1,youareaskedtotranslate
twoofthethreeunderlinedsentencesinthepassageintoChinese.ForSection
2,youareaskedtotranslatetheunderlinedfivepartsintheparagraphinto
English.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(30points)
Section1
[1]Itisaithoughsomegiant'shandweresqueezingthetrunksofthetrees,forcing
thesapupandalongthebranches,fortheblossomseemstosquirtintotheair.
TherehavebeenotherMaysinotheryears,butneverhastherebeensomuch
blossom.Thebeesarebewilderedbyit.Afewsmallbush-appleswhichwereas
austereaswalkingstickswhenIplantedthemonlytwomonthsagoarenowinfull
flower,andlooklikelittlegirlsjustofftoacarnival.
Peach,cherry,plumandapplestrainintotheair;[2]allthetreesintheorchardare
outtogether,andforonce,noclumsywindhasshornorrainwashedtheirfrail,
enameled,finepetalsdownintothelecheroushandsofgrass.
[3]Whatfloweristhereasdelicateasthisflnwerthatgrowsoutofagnarledoldtree
withitstrunkalltwistedanditsbarkallblistered?Itisaparadox.Beautyisalwaysa
paradox.
Vocabulary
blister:ahumporswellingappears
enamel:asubstancelikeglassthatcanbeheatedandputontometal,glassor
potteryinordertodecorateorprotectit.
lecher:amanwhoiscontinuallythinkingaboutsex
Section2
[11西方文化以宗教为本,从希腊神话到拉美神话的叙事传统,⑵人界之外
还有神界的深厚资源和广阔空间,魔幻的力量诱人至深,⑶今天风靡天下的
《哈利•波特》和《星球大战》,更把这一传统在高科技的参与下发挥光大。
141中国文学中六月飞雪,梁祝化蝶,白发三千丈,倒拔垂杨柳等,是介乎浪漫
与魔幻之间的想象夸张,即便偶有神幻的点缀,也用之极慎。|5|撇开佛家道家
的传统不谈,中国儒家主流强于人本视角而弱于神本视角。
VLPleasewriteinEnglishanessayofapproximately300wordsononeofthe
titlesgivenbelowontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)
1.TheRoleofLearner5sNativeLanguageinhis/herLearningProcessofEnglishas
aForeignLanguage
2.TheRoleofDictionariesintheLearningProcessofEnglishasaForeign
Language
汉语部分(40分)
(注:英语教育和英语翻译专业的考生答一、四、五题,其他专业的考生答
一、二、三、四题。)
一、填空题(每空1分,共10分)
1.《诗经》中的诗歌创作年代是从至春秋中叶。
2.战国散文按其内容可分为两大类:一类是;一类是先秦
3.南朝出现了文学批评史上罕有其匹的巨著《》o
4.魏晋南北朝诗歌时期的创作最为辉煌,其代表作家是三曹,即
、、和女诗人。
5.“楼船夜雪瓜洲渡,”是陆游《》中的名句。
二、单项选择题(在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确答案,每小题1
分,共20分)
1.以语录体形式记述的先秦诸子著作是()。
A、老子B、论语C、孟子D、荀子
2.按照班固的解释,“离骚”的意思就是()。
A、遭受忧患B、离别的忧愁C、发牢骚D、被离间骚扰
3.“建安”这一年号属于()。
A、汉B、魏C、蜀D、吴
4.宋代文人中,文章有战国纵横家之风的是《六国论》的作者(
)O
A、王安石B、苏轼C、苏洵D、欧阳修
5.清诗人中以七言歌行《圆圆曲》而名满一时的是(
)O
A、钱谦益B、顾炎武C、龚自珍D、吴伟业
6.《望岳》:“岱宗夫如何,齐鲁青未了。”“岱宗”指(
)。
A.华山B.嵩山C.泰山D.恒山
7.下列作品中属于新乐府诗的是()。
A.《卖炭翁》B.《琵琶行》
C.《长恨歌》D.《钱塘湖春行》
8.“斜阳草树,寻常巷陌,人道寄奴曾住。”“寄奴”是指(
)O
A.孙权B.刘备C.周瑜D.刘裕
9..盛唐诗风形成的标志是()□
A.讲究声律辞藻B.抒写慷慨情杯
C.诗情画意结合D.声律风骨兼备
10•.最早以“赋”作为文体名称的作品是()o
A.《高唐赋》B.《吊屈原赋》
C.《柳赋》D.《赋篇》
三、多项选择题(在每小题的备选答案中选出二个至三个正确答案,每小题2
分,共10分)
1.《西洲曲》“低头弄莲子,莲子青如水”二句运用的修辞手法有()
()。
A.比喻B.拟人C.顶真D.谐音E.夸张
2.下列作家属于桐城派的有()()()。
A.方苞B.刘大楣C.归有光D.姚鼐E.袁枚
3.“春秋三传”包括的著作有()()()。
A.《左传》B.《公羊传》C.《穆天子传》
D.《谷梁传》E.《春秋外传》
4.屈原利用楚国民歌形式,运用楚国方言,创造了“楚辞体”,他的作品有
()()()。
A.《离骚》B.《天问》C.《九辩》
D.《对楚王问》E.《九歌》
5.“黄河远上白云间,一片孤城万仞山,羌笛何须怨杨柳,春风不度玉门
关。”这首脍炙人口的绝句是A()B()C()o
A.1初唐、2盛唐、3中唐
B.1王之涣、2王翰、3王昌龄
C.1律诗、2七绝、3小令
四、指出下列带点的词性和特殊用法(每题1分,计10分)
1.何去何从()
2.王见心0:“牛何之?”()()
3.考吾老,以及人之考()()
4.王贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也()()
5.六王毕,四海:()
6.其号之渭乎()()
五、阅读文章,写一篇短文(20分)
语言间的文化差异客观存在。现代社会的进步使人感觉到世界变得越来越
小,然而并不能使人们的心理距离缩小。不同民族和不同国家的人接触越多,
越会感到文化差异的存在。比如,人们在文化取向、风土人情、传统习俗、生
活方式、行为规范、价值观念、社会规范、思维方式等方面存在差异,而方方
面面的差异必然反映到语言上。
语言是文化系统的一部分,不同语言具有不同的文化意义。人们在使用不
同语言描写同一客观事物时,表现出不同的文化底蕴。学习和使用非母语语言
时,负载的文化知识必然产生认知差异,人们在选择词语进行跨文化交际中,
常常因为误解和误用词语,导致一些跨文化交际的不协调。
跨文化交际冲突的语言原因有:词汇空缺(wordlacuna,两语中找不到相对
应相契合的词)、词义错位(misplacingofmeaning,两语中相对应的词在不同
文化背景中引起不同联想)、词义空缺(semanticlacuna,某一词项的含义在此
语言中比在彼语言里宽广)、句法差异(syntacticdifferencials)、语用失误
(pragmaticfailure)、非语言失误(failuresinmisusingnon-verbals)等方面。
要求:
1、攻读英语教育专业硕士学位的研究生,根据你的理解和认识,从英语教学的
角度写一篇短文;攻读英语翻译专业硕士学位的研究生,根据你的理解和认
识,从英语翻译的角度写一篇短文。
2、字数要求400—500字。
3、观点明确,论述集中,不要面面俱到。
天津外国语学院
2007年攻读英语语言文学专业硕士学位
研究生入学考试样题
考试科目:英语语言文学
(考试时间180分钟总分150分)
注:本试卷共五项,I、II、HI、IV项(共100分)为所有报考我校英语专业
硕士研究生的必答题,主要考查考生的英语水平和专业知识结构,内容涉及英
语专业本科教学主要课程,包括英语国家概况、英美文学史、语言学、翻译、
教育、高级英语和英语写作;第V项(50分)分为若干专业方向模块,主要考
查考生对所报考专业方向知识了解的深度和学术发展潜力,考生根据自己所报
考的专业方向选择答题。
LChoosetheoneanswerthatbestanswerthequestionorcompletes/explainsthe
sentence.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(20pointsfor20
questions)Fiveexamplesaregivenbelowassamplequestions.
1.WhichofthefollowingAmericanauthorsmadecolloquialspeechanaccepted,
respectableliterarymediumintheliteraryhistoryofAmerica.
A.MarkTwain
B.WashingtonIrving
C.HermanMelville
D.EzraPound
2.OfthefollowingplaysbyShakespeare,whichoneisnotacomedy?
A.KingLear
B.TheMerchantofVenice
C.AsYouLikeIt
D.MuchAdoAboutNothing
3.IfyoumeetastrangerfromBritain,whichofthefollowingquestionscanyouask
him?
A.Howoldareyou?
B.Whendidyoubuyyourwatch?
C.Howoftendoyoutravelabroad?
D.Whatisyoursalary?
4.About40millionAmericanschangeresidenceseveryyearbecauseofthe
followingreasonsexcept.
A.theneedforbiggerorsmallerlivingquartersasfamilysizechanges.
B.thedesiretostartanewlifeinanewplace.
C.deterioratingpollutionaroundtheircommunities.
D.jobopportunities.
5.Whichofthefollowingisanaffricate?
A.[g]
B.[z]
C.[0]
D.[dr]
ILFillineachblankwithanappropriatewordorphrasetocompletethe
followingpassage.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.(30points)Five
examplesaregivenassamples.
1.waskeenlyawareofthemisdeedsofhisPuritanancestors,andthis
awarenessledtohisunderstandingofevilbeingatthecoreofhumanlife,atheme
hesuccessfullydealtwithinhismasterpieceTheScarletLetter.
2.In'sTessoftheD"urbervilles,Tess,apurewomanbroughtup
withthetraditionalideaofwomanlyvirtues,isabusedanddestroyedbybothAlec
andAngel,agentsofthedestructiveforceofthesociety.
3.“AHmenarecreatedequal“isafamousstatementwhichappearsin
4.ThepersonwhoestablishedthetranslationtheoryofFidelity,Fluencyand
Eleganceis.
5.Thetermisdefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.
III.Brieflyexplaineachofthefollowingsixterms.Writeyouransweronthe
ANSWERSHEET.(30points)
1.sonnet
2.paradox
3.theLostGeneration
4.ColdWar
5.discourseanalysis
6.fbreignization
IV.PleasewriteinEnglishanessayofapproximately300wordsonthetitlegiven
belowontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)
WhichisyourfavoriteShakespearianplay?Why?
V.Answerthequestions,ordothetranslation,undertheareaofstudyforwhich
youaremakingtheapplication.Writeyouranswersoryourtranslationonthe
ANSWERSHEET.(50points)
(American&BritishLiterature)
Answerthreeofthefollowingessayquestions:
1.InTheScarletLetter.HesterPrynneishumiliatedinthemarketplace,shethen
choosestoliveinasmallthatchedcottageon"theoutskirtsofthetown,withinthe
vergeofthepeninsula,butnotinclosevicinitytoanyotherhabitation,andseven
yearslater,shemeetsDimmesdaleintheforest.Commentonthesettingofthe
novel.
2.DramaticissuesinsomeofWilliams'splaysrevolvearoundthe“imposition”of
an“other”imposinghis/hersenseof64whatshouldbe”onanotherinrelationto
personalorsocietalexpectations.IllustratethispointwithevidencefromThe
GlassMenagerieOrAStreetcarNamedDesire.
3.CommentonWaltWhitman'suseofimageryOrrhythmin3rleofthefollowing
poems:
"ThereWasaChildWentForth”
“IHearAmericaSinging”
“OCaptain,MyCaptain”
“WhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom'd"
4.WhydomostofthecriticscallShakespeare5ssonnetsastory?
5.Englishromanticismisseenasastrongreactiontoneoclassicismofthe18th
century.Couldyoutellusthedifferencebetweenromanticismandclassicismin
termsoftheconceptofpoetryandthepoet?
6.WiththeinfluenceofIbsen,agreatNorwegianplaywright,G.B.Shawmade
greatcontributionstothemodernEnglishtheatre.Inhislongliterarycareer,Shaw
wrotemanyplays.Pleasnameatleast5ofhisfamousplaysandtellusthemain
artisticfeaturesofhisdramaturgy.
(AmericanSocietyandCulture)
1.HowdidtheblackssufferinAmericanhistory?Whatisthecurrentsituation?
2.HowdidtheAmericanslosetheirnationaloptimismin1960s?
3.Whatisyourcommenton"WhitherChina:FromMembershiptoResponsibility”
byRobertB.Zoellick,DeputySecretaryofStateattheNationalCommitteeon
US-ChinaRelations,NewYorkCityonSeptember21,2005.
(Linguistics)
1.Asoneofthesemantictheoriesthatusethenotionof“concept”,Ogdenand
Richards5semantictriangle(1923)treatstherelationbetweenawordandathing
asbeingmediatedbyconcept.Discussthroughexampleshowthistheorymay
work.
2.NameandcommentonthefourcategoriesofmaximsinGrice'sCPanddiscuss
thepossibilityofviolatingtherules.
3.Discussthedifferencesbetweenlearningalanguageandthestudyoflanguage.
(TranslationandInterpretation)
汉译英
开发利用生物质能资源是未来能源发展的主流趋势。我国生物质能资源丰富,
年总量约为7.5亿吨标煤。其中绝大多数集中在农村,仅农作物秸秆、薪柴和
人畜粪便即达5亿吨标煤,可作能源利用的秸秆有3.7亿吨。利用生物质能具
有分散性、小型化和就地取材等多方面优势,不仅能够适应我国农村的特点和
需要,而且还能为“三农”开辟了一条新的生产和致富门路,是农村的一种多
功能战略性能源。目前应积极调整能源发展战略,突出农村生物质能源的开发
和利用,启动“生物质能源开发工程”,重点在“能源植物”的培育,加快生
物质新能源、新材料的开发与利用等方面加快研究、试点、示范和推广应用,
多渠道开发和利用生物质能源,发展能源农业。
英译汉
WHATmakesasuicide-bomber?Longbeforetheattacksthatkilled52peoplein
LondononJuly7th,Britain'ssecurityserviceshadaclearpatternintheirminds.A
manwhomaydrinkbeer,playfootball,chasegirlsandleadalifethatis
indistinguishablefromthoseofmostotheryoungBritonsstartslookingaroundfbr
somethinglessordinary.Atthatpoint,hecomesundertheinfluenceofacharismatic
imam,whorailsagainsttheill-treatmentofMuslimsaroundtheworldandsuggestsa
straightforwardroutetoself-fulfilment.HemayeventuallyboardaplanetoIsraelora
traintoLondon,withtheintentionofkillingasmanyciviliansaspossible.
Tryingtopreventrebel
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