考研英语模拟49_第1页
考研英语模拟49_第2页
考研英语模拟49_第3页
考研英语模拟49_第4页
考研英语模拟49_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩23页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

[模拟]考研英语模拟49

多项选择

3

第1题:

Thestorytoldinthepassageismostpossiblyastoryfrom

A.aShakespeare'swork

B.AncientGreece

C.theHolyBible

D.AncientChina

参考答案:C

答案解析:

第2题:

Thepurposeofsuchastorywasto.

A.warnpeopleagainsttalkingtoomuchwhileworking

B.explainthereasonwhydifferentlanguagesexistintheworld

C.tellthereasonwhycooperationisimportant

D.warnpeopleagainstworkingtogethertoomuch

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第3题:

Accordingtothestory,Godwasangrywithmenbecausehethoughtthey

weretoo.

A.lazy

B.greedy

C.stupid

D.arrogant

参考答案:D

答案解析:

1

3

第4题:

Whichofthefollowingfactsaboutgiantpandasisnottrue?

A.Thereareonlyabout1,000pandasalive.

B.GiantpandaslivemostlyinSouthwestChina.

C.Malepandasweighlessthanfemaleones.

I).Malepandasweighmorethanfemaleones.

参考答案:C

答案解析:

第5题:

Wildpandasareindangerofbecomingextinctbecause.

A.theirbreedingcapacityhasbeenaffectedbyairpollution.

B.theyaresufferingfromtheproblemoffoodshortage.

C.theyarebeingkilledbypoachersfortheirvaluablefur.

D.theyarenotsoadaptabletoclimatechange.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第6题:

Whatisthewomandoinginherresearchprogram?

A.Sheislookingatwaysofprotectingwildpandas.

B.Sheislookingatwaysofhelpingpandastobreed.

C.Sheislookingatwaysoffeedingpandas.

D.Sheislookingatwaysofnursingpandas.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第7题:

2

Whichofthefollowingthingswasnotwhatthesmallgroupofexplorers

did?

A.Theygatheredaroundacampfire.

B.Theydecidednottoclaimtheland.

C.TheynamedthelandYellowStone.

D.Theycampaignedforpreservingtheland.

参考答案:c

答案解析:

第8题:

WhatdowelearnaboutYellowStoneNationalParkfromthetalk?

A.Itwasthesecondlargestnationalparkintheworld.

B.Itwasmadeanationalparkintheearly19thcentury.

C.ItwasmadeanationalparkbyanactoftheCongress.

D.Itconsistsofmanysmallparks.

参考答案:C

答案解析:

第9题:

TheservicesofferedbytheYellowStoneNationalParkinclude

A.campfireconcertsandnaturewalks.

B.naturewalks,speeches,concerts,andguidedtours.

C.guidedtours,campfiredances,andconcerts.

D.naturewalks,guidedtoursandcampfiretalks.

参考答案:D

答案解析:

第10题:

Thetalkisconcernedwithclimateadaptationby.

A.plantsandseaanimals

B.plants,animalsandhumanbeings

C.plants,animalsandhumanbeings

D.birds,plantsandseaanimals

3

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第11题:

InharshconditionsoftheTundra,lowgrowingmossesallhugtheground

forshelter.

A.fromicywinds

B.fromsnowstorms.

C.fromhurricanes

D.fromheavyrains.

参考答案:A

答案解析:

第12题:

Whatanimalsthatarementionedinthetalkhaveanextremelylimited

distribution?

A.thecamelandthebear

B.thecamelandthepenguin

C.thepenguinandthepigeon

D.thepigeonandthebear

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第13题:

Whatdowelearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?

A.Sheenjoyscooking.

B.Sheenjoysshopping.

C.Sheenjoyswashing.

D.Sheenjoysbargaining.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

4

第14题:

WhatdoSingaporeansmeanbymarketing?

A.Sellingthingstocustomers

B.Shoppinginthemarket.

C.Bargainingwiththeseller.

D.Negotiatingpricewiththebuyer.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第15题:

Forhowmanypeoplewasthewomanbuyingfood?

A.12.

B.20.

C.2.

D.22.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

第16题:

Accordingtotheconversation,itseemsthatMalayfoodis

A.sweet

B.salty

C.tasteless

D.spicy

参考答案:D

答案解析:

第17题:

Whatisahackeroriginallydefinedasinthecomputercommunity?

A.Ahighlyskilledcomputerprogrammerwhoiseagertostretchhis,

capabilities.

B.Ahighlyskilledcomputerprogrammerwhocommitscomputercrimes.

5

C.Ahighlyskilledcomputerexpertwholikestoprovideservicefor

customers.

D.Ahighlyskilledcomputerexpertwhoenjoysdoingeverythingona

computer.

参考答案:A

答案解析:

第18题:

Allofthefollowingthingsarementionedasacomputercrimeexcept

A.conductinganantisocialactoftheft.

B.transferringmoneyfromacompanyforone'sownbenefits.

C.providinginaccurateinformationontheInternet.

D.makingdestructiontocomputerprogramsorcomputerfiles.

参考答案:C

答案解析:

第19题:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrineaboutcomputercrimes?

A.Thenumberofcomputercrimeshasincreased.

B.Lawshavebeenmadetocombatcomputercrimes.

C.Computercrimeshavecausedmanyconcerns.

I).Newlyevolvedcomputercrimescanbetimelystopped.

参考答案:C

答案解析:

第20题:

Tohackintoacomputersystem,hackers.

A.needtosendasignaltotheremotecomputersystem.

B.needtohaveacomputerequippedwithamodem.

C.needtoperformnumerousbusinessfunctions.

D.needtoestablishhisownwebsite.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

6

多项选择

AtsixteenRonMackiemighthavestayedatschool,butthefuture

calledtohimexcitedly."Getoutoftheclassroomintoajob,“itsaid,

andRonobeyed.Hisfather,supportingthedecision,foundaplacefor

himinasupermarket."You'relucky,Ron,"hesaid.uForeveryboywith

ajobthesedays,there'sadozenwithout."SoRonjoinedtheworkingworld

attwentypoundsaweek.

Forayearhespenthisdaysfillingshelveswithtinsoffood.

Bytheendofthattimehewaslookingbackonhisschooldaysasatime

ofgreatvarietyandsatisfaction.Hesearchedforaninterestinhiswork,

withlittlesuccess.However,Fridayscamearoundunfailinglyandwith

themRon,spay;butthebestthingabouttheplacewasJudyonthecash

desk.Rongotonwellwithallthegirlswhenthemanagerwasnotaround.

Theylikedhimtoo,thoughhedidnotseethat.

OnefinedayinsteadofgoingtoworkRongotaliftonalorry

goingsouth.Withninepoundsinhispocket,afullheartandagreat

longingforthesea,hesetouttomakeabetterwayforhimself.That

evening,inBournemouth,hehadasandwichandadrinkinacaferunby

anelderlymanandhiswife.Beforehehadfinishedthesandwich,thewoman

hadtakenhimonfortherestofthesummer,attwentypoundsaweek,a

roomupstairsandthreemealsaday.Theeaseandspeedofitrathertook

Ron,sbreathaway.AtquiettimesRonhadtochecktheoldman,sarithmetic

intherecordsofthebusiness.

Attheendoftheseason,hestayedonthecoast.Hewasagain

surprisedhowstraightforwarditwasforaboyofseventeentomakea

living.Heworkedinshopsmostly,butoncehetookajobinahotelfor

threeweeks.LateinOctoberhewastakenonbythesickmanagerofashoe

shop,whereawomanandtwogirlsalsoworked.Ronsoonfoundhimselfin

chargethere;hewastheonlyonewhocouldkeepthebooks.Heandthe

girlssharedaflatabovetheshop.Bythistimeheknewtherewassomething

abouthimthatwomenofallagesliked.Hewasnotsurewhatitwas,except

thathefeltwarmandplayfulandsensitivetowardsthem.(415)

3

[听力原文]

马克找工作

让・马克十六岁时本来可以留在学校,但是未来令人兴奋地呼唤他。''离

开教室去工作吧”,它这样说,他也就服从了。他的父亲支持他的决定,为他在

超市找到一份工作。他说:“让,你真幸运,现在男孩子找工作不容易,十来个

人才能有一个人找到。”这样让就参加了劳动大军,每周20镑。

有一年时间他白天作食品罐头的上架工作。到年底当他回想学校生活时觉

7

得那是一段充满多样性和令人满意的日子,他设法在工作中寻找趣味,但收效很

少。然而,星期五总是会来的,而且会得到他的工资;但是这个地方最让他开心

的事是在收款台工作的朱娣。当经理不在时,他和所有女孩子关系都不错。她们

也喜欢他,而他并未察觉。

有一天很晴朗,他没上班,而是搭上一个卡车去了南方。他口袋里装着九

镑钱,心中充满对大海的渴望,就这样上路去找自己的好日子。那天晚上,在伯

尼茅斯,他在一个老人和他的妻子开的咖啡店吃了个三明治,并喝了饮料。他还

未吃完三明治,老太太就让他在这个夏天为他们工作,每周20镑,还提供楼上

住房和一日三餐。如此轻易和快地找到工作令他大吃一惊。在静下来的时候,他

还要检查老头子所记下的帐。

夏季结束时,他仍留在海边。他又一次感到惊奇的是一个17岁的男孩可

以竟然这样爽快地自谋生活。他大都在商店工作,但有一次他在一个宾馆工作了

三周。十月下旬他在一个患病的鞋店老板处工作,在这里还有一个妇女和两个女

孩工作。他很快发现他成了那里的主管,因为他是唯一能记帐的人。他和两个女

孩同住一套店铺楼上的公寓。这时他认识到他身上有某种东西能让所有年龄段的

妇女喜欢。他还不清楚,除了他让人感到亲切和幽默以及对她们的体贴以外,还

有什么让她们喜欢的呢。

第21题:

IttookaboutayearforRontorealizethat.

A.heworkedwel1becausehewasinterestedinthejob.

B.hisworkatthesupermarketwasdull.

C.beingatworkwasmuchbetterthangoingtoschool.

D.thestoremanagerwantedtogetridofhim.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

B他在超市的工作很乏味。细节题。见2段3句。A和C与文相反,D文中未提

到。

第22题:

WhydidRonleavethesupermarket?

A.HeknewhewouldfindworkinBournemouth.

B.Hetookajobasalorrydriver.

C.Hegaveupthejobbecausehefeltunwe11.

D.Hewantedtoworkattheseaside.

参考答案:D

答案解析:

D他想在海边工作。推理题第三段第二句表示他对海有很大的向往。其他各项有

很大迷惑性,其中许多词都提到,但全句意思与文不符。如B,文中说他搭上一

个卡车并非找到卡车司机的工作,C文中说他放弃了工作但并非因为生病。

第23题:

Atthecafd,Ronwasverysurprisedwhen.

8

A.hewassentupstairstoeathismeal.

B.hefoundhecoulddotheoldman,sarithmetic.

C.thewomantookthesandwichawayfromhim.

D.thewomanofferedhimajob.

参考答案:D

答案解析:

D那妇女给他一份工作。细节题,见2段4句其他各项都是部分词形相同,但全

句意非。

第24题:

Sofarasemploymentwasconcerned,Ronexpected.

A.morehelpthanheactuallygot.

B.tobethemanagerofashop.

C.theproblemstobemuchharder.

D.thewintertobeaneasytime.

参考答案:C

答案解析:

C问题难得多。属推理题。从最后一段第二句看出,他对找到工作又一次感到惊

讶,说明是出乎意外,而原先想得要难。A与文不符。B与D皆未提及。

第25题:

Ronwasabletotakeovertheshopbecause.

A.hegotonwellwiththewomenthere.

B.heunderstoodtheaccountsofthebusiness.

C.hehadexperienceofsellingbooks.

D.hehadaflataboveit.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

r他懂商业的账目。细节题末段第五句说到此意。A是迷惑项,文中虽提到他和

那里的女人们关系好,但他能主管商店的主要原因是他是唯一能管帐的人。C、D

项皆与文不符。

Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:

theneedtomakeeverycomponentasreliableaspossibleandtheneedto

buildeverythingaslightaspossible.Thefactthatanaeroplaneisup

intheairandcannotstopifanythinggoeswrong,makesitperhapsamatter

oflifeordeaththatitsperformanceisabsolutelydependable.

Givenacertainpowerofengine,andconsequentlyacertainfuel

consumption,thereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofaircraft

thatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswanted

forfuel,radionavigationalinstruments,passengerseats,orfreight

9

room,and,ofcourse,thepassengersorfreightthemselves.Sothe

structureoftheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetyand

efficiencywillallow.Thedesignermustcalculatethenormalloadthat

eachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledtheustressman”.Hetakes

accountofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasaprecaution

againsterrorsinmanufacture,accidentaldamage,etc.

Thestressman'scalculationsgotothedesignerofthepart,

andhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.One

ortwosamplesarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthe

designerintended.Eachseparatepartistested,thenawholeassembly

----forexample,acompletewing,andfinallythewholeaeroplane.When

anewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmade,normallyonlyoneofthefirstthree

madewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.

Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.

Twokindsofgroundstrengthtestsarecarriedout.Thefirst

istofindtheresistancetoloadingofthewings,tail,etc.untilthey

reachtheirmaximumloadandcollapse.Theothertestisforfatigue

strength.Relativelysmallloadsareappliedthousandsoftimes.Eachmay

bewellunderwhatthestructurecouldstandasasingleload,butmany

repetitionscanresultincollapse.Oneformofthistestisdoneonthe

passengercabin.Itisfilledwithairathighpressureasforhigh一

altitudeflyingandcompletelysubmergedinalargetankofwaterwhile

thetestisgoingon.Thesurroundingwaterpreventsthecabinfrom

burstinglikeabombifthereisafailure.

Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernment

certificateofairworthiness,withoutwhichitisillegaltofly,except

fortestflying.(433words)

3

[听力原文]

航空工程

有两件使航空工程感到艰难的事:需要让每个部分尽可能可靠以及需要把

一切造得尽可能轻。因为飞机在空中,一旦有故障无法停止,所以它的性能要绝

对可靠,这也许是与生死相关的事。

设发动机的功率为定数,因此燃料耗量也为定数,那么能飞行的飞机的总

重量也有实际的限量。在这个重量中要有尽可能多的燃料,无线电航空仪器、乘

客坐椅、或货舱,当然还有乘客或货物本身。因此,飞机结构的体积和重量应该

依据安全和效率的要求。设计者必须标出每个部件所能承担的负载。这种专家叫

作“应力专家”。他列出所有可能在部件产生的不正常的应力以预防制造、事故

损坏等情况下的误差。

应力专家的计算送到部件的设计师那里,他必须使部件的强度符合应力专

10

家的要求。总是要测试一两个样品以证实它们的强度和设计师所要求的一样。先

测试每一个部件,然后整个集成件,如整个翼,最后整个飞机。当制造新飞机时,

通常只有前三个中的一个去飞行。两个将在结构试验时在地上毁坏。第三个将在

空中测试。

有两种地面强度测试。第一个是找出翼、尾等对负载的阻力,直到它们达

到它们最大的破坏和负载值。另一个是测试疲劳强度。较小的测试要进行数千次。

一个结构经受一次负载测试可能很好,但经多次重复后就会破坏。一种测试是在

客舱进行的。它充满象在高空飞行时一样的高压空气,在测试进行时完全放入一

大水箱中,周围的水会保护客舱在出事时不会象炸弹一样爆炸。

当飞和通讨所有这些测试时,它会得到政府的飞行证书。无此证飞行是非

法的,试飞例外。

第26题:

Thetwomainrequirementsofaircraftdesignare.

A.speedandcheapness

B.reliabilityandpassengercomfort

C.makingthingsbothlightanddependable

D.abilitytostayupintheairandavoidbreakdowns

参考答案:C

答案解析:

C使部件既轻又可靠。从首段1句可推出此答案。系推理细节题。与原文用词有

异。但是异曲同工。A速度和便宜。B可靠性及旅客的舒适。D停在空中并可避

免破坏的能力。此三项皆为迷惑项。凡想当然者必上当。要在文中找出证据。

第27题:

Themaximumpossibleweightofanaircraftisdeterminedby.

A.theenginepower

B.theamountoffreightroom

C.thenumberofpassengers

D.internationalregulations

参考答案:A

答案解析:

A发动机功率。为推理题。从2段1句可推出此答案。由功率决定油耗量以飞机

总重量。B货仓量及C旅客人数都取决于A。D国际规定,文中未提。

第28题:

Thestressman,sjobistocalculate.

A.howsafetheplaneis

B.howstrongeachpartmustbe

C.whatheighttheplanewillflyat

D.theamountofluggageeachpassengermaycarry

参考答案:B

11

答案解析:

B每个部件应有多大强度。为词义猜测及细节题。2段4、5句说明应力专家要

算出每个部件能承受多大负载,即是有多大强度之意。A飞机有多安全。C飞机

能飞多大高度。D每位乘客可带多少行李。这三项似乎有理,但不是应力专家的

工作。

第29题:

Thefirstthreeaeroplanesofanewtype.

A.arealldestroyed

B.donotfly

C.arelaterbrokenupforspareparts

D.areusedfortestingpurposes

参考答案:D

答案解析:

D用于试验目的,推理题。见3段最后3句。2个毁于地面结构测试,第3个在

空中测试,都用于试验。A都被毁。B不飞行。C后都因部件而毁。此3项皆与

文不符。

第30题:

Thepassengercabintestinwaterisdesignedto______.

A.makesuretheplanewouldbesafeifitlandedinwater

B.testfatiguestrength

C.seeifthecabinwillburst1ikeabomb

I),keepthecabincool

参考答案:B

答案解析:

B测试疲劳强度。为推理细节题。从4段3句及6句可推出这一细节。3句说另

一种是测试疲劳强度的。6句说一种形式的这种测试是在客舱进行的。A确保飞

机落水时的安全,为一迷惑项,恁想当然就会错。C看是否客舱会象炸弹一样爆

炸,为一干扰项。似与4段末句有关,但意思两样。原文说会保护客舱如出事会

象炸弹一样爆炸。D保护客舱凉爽。也是想当然的推测。文中未提。

Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices"active”

euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyill

patientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,

life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohope

thatitcaneffectanultimatecure."Active“euthanasiaremainsacrime

ontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.①[Buta

seriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthata

competentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.]

Euthanasia,oftencalledamercykilling,isacrimeeverywhere

inWesternEurope.Butmore

12

andmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,WestGermany,Hollandand

elsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”

formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmering

euthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublic

debate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.

Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselves

up-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavor

raisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,the

advocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat

72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.

Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyear

inFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercy

killings.

Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenot

hardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.The

averageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womentoalmost80.As

DerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”

says,“lingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessesasthe

primarycauseofdeath.”

Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewith

greaterforce.②[Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetheright

to“diewithdignity,“bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethe

horrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.]Mostadvocatesof

voluntaryeuthanasiahasarguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccorded

onlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludes

asmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationally

decidestotakehisownlife.

Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthe

nearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliament

wouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurround

eventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.

注释

lethal[adj.]致死的,致命的prosecute[v.]起诉,控诉

mantle[n.]盖,罩;保护simmering[adj.]沸腾的,热烈的

第31题:

AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.”Active“euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.

B.Thedoctorwhocarriedouteuthanasiawillbecharged.

C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.

D.”Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12years

13

imprisonment.

参考答案:B

答案解析:

这是一篇有关安乐死的文章。作者从正反两方面反映了人们对安乐死的观点。反

对实施安乐死术的人认为必须尊重生命的神圣原则,而主张实施安乐死的人则认

为每个人都有权利“体面地死去”。酝酿已久的安乐死术问题在欧洲进行了激烈

的公开辩论。B这是一道细节题。根据第一段表达的意思,实行安乐死在荷兰

法律上是有罪的,但实际情况是,称职的执行“积极”安乐死术的医生是不会受

到起诉的。故A、C、D表达的内容确,选择B。

第32题:

Euthanasiaisoftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat.

A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatient

B.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercy

C.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequired

D.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon'twant

toliveon

参考答案:C

答案解析:

C这是一道推断题。根据第二段所表达的意思,“怜悯致死术”的主张者认为应

高举人道对待病人的大旗,使病人无痛苦,体面地离开世界。A、B项则从“mercy

killing"的表面含义来理解,故错误。D在文中没有提及,不能确定为正确答

案。

第33题:

Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdtheopinionthat.

A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasia

B.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhave

euthanasia

C.peopleshouldrespectforlife

D.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,they,11carryouteuthanasia

topatients

参考答案:A

答案解析:

A这是一道细节题。文中第四段说明了多数安乐死术倡导者主张,死亡权应只给

那些晚期不治之症患者,故A符合其含义。B项只表达了主张安乐死的人中少数

派的观点,不能代表全体。C项表达了反对安乐死的人的观点。D项则未在

patients前加以限定,属明显错误。

第34题:

Theauthor'sattitudestowardseuthanasiais.

14

A.positive

B.negative

C.objective

D.uncertain

参考答案:C

答案解析:

C这是一道综合推断题。在全文中,作者只是非常客观地介绍了安乐死术的情况

及其支持者和反对者的观点。没有渗入个人感情,故C正确。

第35题:

InParagraph2,“boiledovernmeans.

A.burst(into)

B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboil

C.causegreatanger

D.fightoneanother

参考答案:A

答案解析:

A此为一道词汇猜测词。根据原句"Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehas

latelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,・・.“判断出

boiledover为“爆发了”之意。B项则使理解停留在词汇表面,未能深挖内涵。

C、D项则偏离主题。

Ourbasicneedsaresimple,butouradditionalindividualwantsare

oftenverycomplex.Commoditiesofdifferentkindssatisfyourwantsin

differentways.Abanana,abottleofmedicineandatextbooksatisfyvery

differentwants.Thebananacannotsatisfythesamewantsasthetextbook.

Thischaracteristicofsatisfyingawantisknownineconomics

asits“utility”.Utility,however,shouldnotbeconfusedwithusefulness.

Forexample,asubmarinemayormaynotbeusefulintimeofpeace,but

itsatisfiesawant.Manynationswantsubmarines.Economistssaythat

utilitydetermines“therelationshipbetweenaconsumerandacommodity”.

Utilityvariesbetweendifferentpeopleandbetweendifferent

nations.Avegetariandoesnotwantmeat,butmayratetheutilityof

bananasveryhighly,whileameat-eatermayprefersteak.①[A

mountain-republiclikeSwitzerlandhaslittleinterestinsubmarines,

whilemaritimesnationsratethemhighly.]

Inmosteconomicsystems,thepricesofthemajorityofgoods

andservicesdonotchangeovershortperiodsoftime.Insomesystems

itisofcoursepossibleforanindividualtobargainoverprices,because

theyarenotfixedinadvance.Ingeneralterms,however,theindividual

cannotchangethepricesofthecommoditieshewants.Whenplanninghis

expenditure,hemustthereforeacceptthesefixedprices.Hemustalso

15

paythissamefixedpricenomatterhowmanyunitshebuys.Aconsumer

willgoonbuyingbananasforaslongashecontinuestobesatisfied.

Ifhebuysmore,heshowsthathissatisfactionisstillgreaterthanhis

dislikeoflosingmoney.Witheachsuccessivepurchase,however,his

satisfactioncompensateslessforthelossofmoney.

Apointintimecomeswhenthefinancialsacrificeisgreater

thanthesatisfactionofeatingbananas.Theconsumerwillthereforestop

buyingbananasatthecurrentprice.Thebananasareunchanged;theyare

nobetterorworsethanbefore.Theirmarginalutilitytotheconsumer

has,however,changed.Ifthepricehadbeenhigher,hemighthavebought

fewerbananas;ifthepricehadbeenlower,hemighthaveboughtmore.

Itisclearfromthisargumentthatthenatureofacommodity

remainsthesame,butitsutilitychanges.②[Thischangeindicatesthat

aspecialrelationshipexistsbetweengoodsandservicesontheonehand,

andaconsumerandhismoneyontheotherhand.]Theconsumer'sdesire

foracommoditytendstodiminishashebuysmoreunitsofthatcommodity.

EconomistscallthistendencytheLawofDiminishingMarginalUtility.

注释

marginalutility[n.]边际效应

第36题:

Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.EconomicSystems

B.UtilityandPrices

C.ComplexIndividualDemands

D.UtilityandtheNatureofaCommodity

参考答案:B

答案解析:

我们的基本要求是简单的,可是我们额外的个人需求往往是极为复杂的。各种不

同的商品以不同的方式满足我们的需求。这种满足需求的属性在经济学中被称为

“效用”。效用不等于有用性。效用在不同的人之间与不同的国家之间是不相同

的。效用与价格之间既有联系又有区别。B这是一道综合判断题。作者主要写

了效用的定义及与价格之间的关系,故B项正确,D项错误。A项波及范围太广

泛,“utilityandpricesv只是其中一方面。C则表示复杂的个体需求,是

“utilityandprices”中的一部分。

第37题:

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Usefulnesscan,tbeexpressedbyutility.

B.Asubmarine,whichmaynotbeusefulinpeacetimebutusefulduring

16

thewartime.

C.Asubmarinemaynotbeusefulbutitmeetspeople'sneeds.

D.Alltheabovementioned.

参考答案:D

答案解析:

D这是一道细节题。文中第二段提到,不应该把效用和有用性混为一谈。例如,

一般潜水艇在和平时期可能有用也可能没有用,但它满足一种需求,很多国家需

要水艇。选项中A、B、C皆符合上述内容,故全都正确。

第38题:

Underwhatcircumstancewilltheconsumernotgoonbuyingbananas?

A.Theconsumerisnotsatisfiedwiththebananas.

B.Theconsumerloseshismoney.

C.Thepriceofbananasgetshigher

D.Thefinancialsacrificeis,greaterthanthesatisfactionofeating

bananas.

参考答案:D

答案解析:

D这是一道细节题。根据作者在文中第六、七段表达的意思、,一个消费者买香蕉,

只要他还是满意的,他就会一直买下去。如果他继续买香蕉,那就表明他满意的

心情仍大于他舍不得在金钱上受损失的心情。然而当金钱

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论