英语职称(卫生类)考试题

英语职称（卫生类）考试题1

1、词汇选项

1、Thegovernmenthaslaunchedamassivecampaignagainstcrimesinthebig

cities.

A.proposed

B.decided

C.begun

D.studied

2、Itisveryconsiderateofyoutoremembermybirthday.

A.thoughtful

B.considerable

C.careful

D.concerned

3^IwasamazedatthebeautyofthemountainwhenIreachedthetop.

A.excited

B.astonished

C.happy

D.shocked

4、ThewidespreaduseofX-raysposestheriskofoverexposuretoradiation.

A.medical

B.spacious

C.experimental

D.general

5、Mylifeismoreprecioustomethanmyproperty.

A.valuable

B.profitable

C.dear

D.noble

6、Hemadeagreatshowofreluctance,butfinallyacceptedmyoffer.

A.emotion

B.unwillingness

C.anger

D.postpone

7、Hissuccessinworkhastemptedmanytotrythisnewmethod.

A.attracted

B.called

C.inspired

I),implied

8、Shecouldfixthemachinewithoutreferringtotheinstructions.

A.understanding

B.observing

C.consulting

D.obtaining

9^Ididn'thavemuchconfidenceinmytalentasanactor.

A.wisdom

B.gift

C.performance

D.show

10、HerdeathwasagreatgrieftohimandIdoubtifheeverrecovered

afterwards.

A.gotby

B.gotthrough

C.goton

D.gotoff

11、RevolutionarydevelopmentsinChina'sastronomytookplaceintheI960's.

A.commenced

B.occurred

C.weredisputed

D.wereexchanged

12^Thepolarlights,oneofthemostunusualphenomenainnature,isbeautiful

tobehold.

A.view

B.relate

C.sketch

D.withhold

13>Asupernova（超新星）isastarthatexplodesandthenslowlyfadestoless

thanitsoriginalbrightness.

A.size

B.weight

C.radiance

D.importance

14、

oversixmillioncitizensoftheUnitedStatesbenefitfromprivatepensionp

Ianseachyear.

A.unauthorized

B.confidential

C.nontransferable

D.nongovernmental

15、

Sincethe1950's,literarycriticshaveattemptedtoanswerthequestion:Whe

ndidchildren，sliteraturefirstemergeasadistinctliterarygenre?

A.improve

B.appear

C.conform

D.respond

2、阅读判断

Theimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcast

journalistarereflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthese

books,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin.butnotlimitedto,journalismand

broadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe“howto“aspectsofjournalistic

interviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,and

implications.Muchofthe“howto“materialisbasedonpersonalexperiencesandgeneral

impressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthe

systematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhich

generalizedprinciplescanhedeveloped.

Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismand

broadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyofthe

interviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearch

articlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthese

booksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswe11as

thetrainingoftheinterviewers.Unhappy,thisplentifulgeneralliteratureabout

interviewingpayslittleattentiontothejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfor

tworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremore

familiar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthananyotherform

ofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,such

asthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessional

personorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisand

treatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfami1iarsituationisthejobinterview.

However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,

particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalistic

interviewbyvirtueofourrolesasreaders,listeners,andviewers.Evenso,the

understandingofthejournalisticinterview,especiallytelevisioninterview,requires

thoughtfulanalysisandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.

1、

Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthatimportanceshouldbeattachedto

thesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewing.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

2、

Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral,sothetrainingofjourn

alisticinterviewershaslikewisebeenstrengthened.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

3、

Westernersarefamiliarwiththejournalisticinterview,butmostofthemmay

nothavebeeninterviewedinperson.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

4>Thepatientistheintervieweeinaclinicalinterview.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

5、Thepassageismostlikeapartofajournalisticinterview.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

6、Weshouldpayattentiontotheinterviewinaclinicalinterview.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

7、Thetelevisioninterviewsdon'trequirethoughtfulanalysis.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

3、概括大意与完成句子

Medicineisthescienceandartofhealing.Itisasciencebecauseitisbasedon

knowledgegainedthroughcarefulstudyandexperimentation.Itisanartbecauseitdepends

onhowskillfullydoctorsandothermedicalworkersapplythisknowledgewhendealingwith

patients.

Thegoalsofmedicinearetosavelives,torelievesuffering,andtomaintainthe

dignityofillindividuals.Forthisreason,medicinehaslongbeenoneofthemost

respectedprofessions.Thousandsofmenandwomenwhoworkinthemedicalprofessionspend

theirlivescaringforthesick.Whendisasterstrikes,hospitalworkersrushemergencyaid

totheinjured;Whenepidemicsthreaten,doctorsandnursesworktopreventthespreadof

disease.Researchersinthemedicalprofessioncontinuallysearchforbetterwaysof

fightingdisease.

Humanbeingshavesufferedfromillnesssincetheyfirstappearedontheearth.

Throughoutmostofthistime,theyknew1ittleabouthowthehumanbodyworksorwhatcauses

disease.Treatmentwasbasedlargelyonsuperstitionandguesswork.

However,medicinehasmadetremendousprogressinthelastseveralhundredyears.Today,

itispossibletocure,control,orpreventhundredsofdiseases.Peoplelivelongerthan

theydidinthepastasaresultofnewdrugs,machines,andsurgicaloperations.Medical

progressinthecontrolofinfectiousdiseases,improvementsinhealthcareprogramsfor

mothersandchildren,andbetternutrition,sanitation,andlivingconditionshavegiven

peoplealongerlifeexpectancy.

Asmedicinehasbecomemorescientific,ithasalsobecomemorecomplicated.Inthepast,

doctorscaredforpatientsalmostsingle-handedly.Patientsreceivedtreatmentathomefor

mostkindsofillness.Today,doctorsnolongerworkbythemselves.Instead,theyhead

medicalteamsmadeupofnurses,laboratoryworkers,andmanyotherskilledprofessionals.

Thecareprovidedbysuchteamscannotgenerallybestartedathome.Asaresult,clinics

andhospitalshavebecomethechiefcentersformedicalcareinmostcountries.

1、Paragraph2

A.Inancienttribes,treatmentwasbasedlargelyonsuperstition.

B.Today,extensiveknowledgeandsophisticatedmedicaltechniquesmakepos

siblethecure,control,andpreventionofhundredsofdiseases.

C.Thegoalsofmedicine.

D.Controlofinfectiousdiseaseisgivenasareasonforalongerlife.

E.Schoolinfirmariesappearasaresultofincreasingcomplicatedmedical

work.

F.Medicalcareisnowprovidedforpatientsinhospitalsbyamedicalteam

consistingofdoctors,nurses,andlaboratoryworkers.

2、Paragraph3

A.Inancienttribes,treatmentwasbasedlargelyonsuperstition.

B.Today,extensiveknowledgeandsophisticatedmedicaltechniquesmakepos

siblethecure,control,andpreventionofhundredsofdiseases.

C.Thegoalsofmedicine.

D.Controlofinfectiousdiseaseisgivenasareasonforalongerlife.

E.Schoolinfirmariesappearasaresultofincreasingcomplicatedmedical

work.

F.Medicalcareisnowprovidedforpatientsinhospitalsbyamedicalteam

consistingofdoctors,nurses,andlaboratoryworkers.

3、Paragraph4

A.Inancienttribes,treatmentwasbasedlargelyonsuperstition.

B.Today,extensiveknowledgeandsophisticatedmedicaltechniquesmakeposs

iblethecure,control,andpreventionofhundredsofdiseases.

C.Thegoalsofmedicine.

D.Controlofinfectiousdiseaseisgivenasareasonforalongerlife.

E.Schoolinfirmariesappearasaresultofincreasingcomplicatedmedical

work.

F.Medicalcareisnowprovidedforpatientsinhospitalsbyamedicalteam

consistingofdoctors,nurses,andlaboratoryworkers.

4、Paragraph5

A.Inancienttribes,treatmentwasbasedlargelyonsuperstition.

B.Today,extensiveknowledgeandsophisticatedmedicaltechniquesmakeposs

iblethecure,control,andpreventionofhundredsofdiseases.

C.Thegoalsofmedicine.

D.Controlofinfectiousdiseaseisgivenasareasonforalongerlife.

E.Schoolinfirmariesappearasaresultofincreasingcomplicatedmedical

work.

F.Medicalcareisnowprovidedforpatientsinhospitalsbyamedicalteam

consistingofdoctors,nurses,andlaboratoryworkers.

5^Doctorsareskillfulindealingwithpatientsjustas.

A.alongerlifeexpectancyformostpeople

B.artistsareadroitindealingwiththeirpaintingsubject

C.engageinthemedicalprofession

D.carefulstudyandexperimentation

E.thechiefcentersformedicalcareinmostcountries

F.scienceandtechnology

6^Doctorsapplytheknowledgegainedthrough.

A.alongerlifeexpectancyformostpeople

B.artistsareadroitindealingwiththeirpaintingsubject

C.engageinthemedicalprofession

D.carefulstudyandexperimentation

E.thechiefcentersformedicalcareinmostcountries

F.scienceandtechnology

7、

Medicalprogress,improvedhealthcare,andbetterlivingconditionshaveensur

ed.

A.alongerlifeexpectancyformostpeople

B.artistsareadroitindealingwiththeirpaintingsubject

C.engageinthemedicalprofession

D.carefulstudyandexperimentation

E.thechiefcentersformedicalcareinmostcountries

F.scienceandtechnology

8、

Withthedevelopmentofthemedicine,clinicsandhospitalshavebecome

A.alongerlifeexpectancyformostpeople

B.artistsareadroitindealingwiththeirpaintingsubject

C.engageinthemedicalprofession

D.carefulstudyandexperimentation

E.thechiefcentersformedicalcareinmostcountries

F.scienceandtechnology

4、阅读理解

Naturalselectiondescribesthebiologicalprocessinwhichthedifferencesof

individualswithinapopulationinfluencetheirabi1itiestosurviveandreproduceinan

environment.Thedifferencesinindividualsarcaresultoftheirgeneticinheritancefrom

theirparents.Inapopulation,anycharacteristicwhichblocksreproductiontendsto

decreasegenerationbygeneration.Intime,theill-adapteddieout.Ontheotherhand,the

individualswhodosurviveandreproducewilltendtoproduceoffspring（后代）whichare

betteradaptedtotheenvironment.Naturalselectiontendstopromoteadaptationsthatwill

increasetheorganism's（生物体）abilitytosurviveinanenvironment.

Naturalselectioncanservetostabilizeapopulationifthenewtraits,called

mutations（突变），areeliminatedwhentheyappearbecausetheyarenotaswe11-adaptedtothe

environment.Theoppositeeffectisobtainedwhenanewtraitisintroducedwhichallows

individualstoadaptbetterovertime,thespecieswillchangeasthismutationbecomesmore

widespreadinthepopulation.Inhumanbeings,increasedbrainsizehelpedindividualsto

adaptbetter,andsobrainsizeincreasedgraduallyinthespecies.Changesintheoverall

geneticmakeupofapopulationarenormalwhenthereareenvironmentalchanges,especially

severeenvironmentaldisruptions.Specializedadaptationstospecificenvironmentscanlead,

overtime,tothedevelopmentofsubpopulationofindividuals,whoarebetteradaptedto

particularsoi1conditions,foodsourcesandsoon.Givenenoughtime,thesesubpopulations

maydevelopintoseparatespecies,suchaszebras（斑马）andhorses,livingindistinct

environmentsandnotinterbreeding.

1、Individualsinapopulationdifferfromoneanotherbecause.

A.theyhavedifferentsuccessgenerationbygeneration.

B.theyareill-adaptedandeventuallydieout.

C.theyhavedifferentgeneticinheritances.

D.theywanttosurviveandreproducesuccessfully.

2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutnaturalselection?

A.Naturalselectionfavorsadaptationsthathelpaspeciestosurvive.

B.Naturalselectionworksagainstextremechangesinaspecies.

C.Naturalselectionallowshelpfulnewtraitstospreadthroughapopulati

D.Naturalselectionoccursinperiodsofsevereenvironmentaldisturbances.

3、

Onthebasisofthepassage,itwouldbemostreasonabletoinferthat

A.theancestorsofhorsesandzebraswereoncemembersofthesamespecies.

B.thegreatestbiologicalchangeoccursinstableenvironments.

C.individualsmutatewhentheyneedtoadapttoanewenvironment.

D.wecancontrolpopulationsizebyadaptingnewtraits.

4>Themainideaofthepassagewouldbe.

A.whynaturalselectionleadstopopulationincreaseovergeneration.

B.hownaturalselectionmaintainsandchangesthemakeupofapopulation.

C.whynaturalselectioncreatedthelargebrainsizeinhumanbeings.

D.hownaturalselectionpromotesindividualswhocarefortheiroffspring.

5、Theword“population”

inthispassageisclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?

A.Species.

B.People.

C.Inhabitants.

D.Environment.

Scientistsarecloselyconcernedwiththestructureofbuildings

andwiththequalityofbuildingmaterials.TheWorldHealth

Organization（WHO）observesthattheintroductionofairconditioning

andenergyconservationmeasureshavebeenaccompaniedbygrowing

problemsofindoorairquality.Somepollutants（污染物）arisefrom

insulation（绝缘）products,somefrommovingcars,andothersfrom

modernhousingmaterials.AsmanyEuropeansspendupto90%oftheir

livesinbuildings,thehealtheffectsoftheindoorclimatearevery

important.

Someconstructionmaterials,includingfiberboard,insulationfoams

andcertainglues（forman-madewoodfloorboards,forexample）,

givesoutorganicproductssuchasformaldehyde（甲醛）.Heatand

humidityincreasethereleaseofformaldehydeandthegasseriously

harmstheeyes.Paint,lacquer（抛光漆）,etc・canalsorelease

dangerousgasintoindoorair.

Constructionmaterialscancauseseriousdamage,especiallywhen

theycontainasbestos（石棉）.Asbestosisnaturallypresentinrock

formationsworldwide.Itconsistsofmineralsubstancescomposedof

solid,non-combustible（不易燃的）fibers.Thesepropertiesmake

asbestosahighlysought-after（受欢迎的）constructionmaterial.As

earlyas1931,however,publichealthofficersintheUnitedKingdom

revealedtheconnectionbetweenbreathinginasbestosdustandsuch

diseasesaslungcancer.

Thelandonwhichabuildingissitedmayalsocontributeto

pollution.Somekindsofgranite（花岗岩）orsimilarrockscontain

tracesofradium.Asitbreaksdown,thisnaturallyradioactive

elementproducesomekindofradioactivegasthatgoesthroughtiny

cracksinwalls,floorsandbuildingmaterials,andmakesitsway

intothebuildingandtherooms.Thebetterthehomesareinsulated,

themoreisthedangerousgasinindoorair.Themaineffectofthis

dangerousgasonhealthistoincreasetheriskoflungcancer.

6、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Somebuildingmaterialspolluteindoorair.

B.Somefactorscauseindoorairpollution.

C.Asbestoscancauselungcancer.

D.Thelandonwhichhousesarebuiltcontributestoindoorpollution.

7、WhyareEuropeansparticularlyconcernedwithbuildingmaterials?

A.Lotsofbuildingmaterialsthereareradioactive.

B.Upto90%ofthemstayhome.

C.Theyhaveahighrateoflungcancer.

D.Theyspendmostoftheirtimeindoors.

8、Whyisasbestosasought-afterbuildingmaterial?

A.itisakindofinsulationfoam.

B.Asbestoswillnotgiveoutdangerousgas.

C.Thismaterialisnoteasytocatchfire.

D.Itisrarelypresentinrockformations.

9>WhatresearchresultsdidahealthorganizationintheUKannouncein1931?

A.Kindsofdangerousbuildingmaterialsusedindoors.

B.Theconnectionsoftheuseofgranitewithlungcancer.

C.Therelationshipbetweenpollutedindoorairandlungcancer.

D.Therelationshipbetweenasbestosanddisease.

10、

Whyshouldwebecarefulaboutthelandonwhichabuildingistobesited?

A.Todeterminewhetherthelandisfirmenoughforabuildingtobesited

on.

B.Tomakesurethatthelandcontainsnoradioactivematerial.

C.Tomakecertainthatthelandreleasesnoformaldehydeorothergases.

D.Tocheckwhetheritcontainsanycombustiblematerials.

Adversedrugreactionsmaycausethedeathsofover100,000US

hospitalpatientseachyear,makingthemaleadingcauseofdeath

nationwide,accordingtoareportinTheJournaloftheAmerican

MedicalAssociation.

“Theincidenceofseriousandfataladversedrug

reactions(ADRs)inUShospitalwasfoundtobeextremelyhigh,"say

researchersattheUniversityofTorontoinOntario,Canada.

Theycarriedonananalysisof39ADR-relatedstudiesatUS

hospitalsoverthepast30yearsanddefinedanADRas“anyharmful,

unintended,andundesiredeffectofadrugwhichoccursatdosesused

inhumansforpreventionsdiagnosis,ortherapy.Anaverage6.7%of

allhospitalizedpatientsexperienceanADReveryyear,accordingto

theresearchers.Theyestimatethat"in1994,overall2,216,000

hospitalizedpatientshadseriousADRs,and106,000hadfatalADRs.”

ThismeansthatADRsmayrankasthefourthsinglelargestcauseof

deathinAmerica.

Andtheseincidencefiguresareprobablyconservative,the

researchersadd,sincetheirADRdefinitiondidnotincludeoutcomes

Linkedtoproblemsindrugadministration,overdoses,drugabuse,and

therapeuticfailures.

ThecontrolofADRsalsomeansspendingmoremoney,oneUSstudy

estimatedtheoverallcostoftreatingADRsatupto$4billionper

year.DrDavidBatesofBrighamandWomen，sHospitalinBoston,

Massachusetts,believesthathealthcareworkersneedtopaymore

attentiontotheproblem,especiallysincemanyADRsareeasily

preventable."Whenapatientdevelopsanallergyorsensitivity,it

isoftennotrecorded,“Batesnotes,“andpatientsreceivedrugto

whichtheyhaveknownallergiesorsensitivitieswithdisturbing

frequency."Hebelievescomputerizedsurveillancesystemsstillwork­

in-progressatmanyofthenation'shospitalsshouldhelpcutdown

thefrequencyofthesetypesoferrors.

11、ResearchersattheUniversityofTorontobelievethat.

A.ADRshavecausedmedicalproblems,thoughtheyseldomleadtodeath

B.ADRshaveveryoftencausedpatientstodieinCanada

C.ADRshavecausedmanydeathsinAmericaoverthepast30years

D.ItiseasytopreventADRsfromhappening

12^Theinvestigatorssaythat.

A.67patientsoutof100ineveryAmericanhospitaldiefromADRseachyea

r

B.67patientsoutof100ineveryAmericanhospitalexperiencefromADRse

achyear

C.6.7%ofallhospitalizedpatientsinAmericaexperienceADRseachyearo

naverage

D.6.7%ofallhospitalizedpatientsinCanadaexperienceADRseachyearon

average

13、

AnAmericanresearchestimatesthatthetotalsumofmoneyspentintreating

ADRseachyearisasmuchas.

A.$40,000,000,000

B.$4,000,000,000

C.$400,000,000

D.$40,000,000

14、TheCanadianinvestigatorsthinkthat.

A.theADRincidencefiguresfromtheirresearcharesurelyveryexact.

B.theADRincidencefiguresfromtheirresearchareprobablytoohigh.

C.theADRincidencefiguresfromtheirresearchareperhapstoolow.

D.Noneoftheaboveistrue.

15>AccordingtoDrDavidBates,hospitalsinAmerica.

A.arenotpayingenoughattentiontopossibilitiesofADRhappenings.

B.havenevertriedtousecomputerstopreventADRsfromhappening.

C.donotusethosedrugswhichwillcausesideeffectstotheirpatients.

1).knowthatmanyADRsareeasilypreventable.

5、补全短文

1、Ifthereisone-whichItakeleavetodoubt-thenitisolder

peoplewhocreateit,nottheyoungthemselves.Letusgetdownto

fundamentalsandagreethattheyoungareafterallhumanbeingspeoplejust

liketheirelders.2:theyoungmanhasagloriousfuturebeforehimand

theoldonehasasplendidfuturebehindhim;andmaybethatiswheretherub

is.

WhenIwasateenager,IfeltthatIwasjustyounganduncertainthatI

wasanewboyinahugeschool,3.Foronething,beingaproblemgives

youacertainidentity,andthatisoneofthethingstheyoungarebusily

engagedinseeking.

4.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadrearycommitment

tomeanambitionsorloveofcomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimbers,

andtheyhavenodevotiontomaterialthings.Allthisseemstometolink

themwithlife,andtheoriginsofthings.It'sasiftheywereinsomesense

cosmicbeingsinviolentandlovelycontrastwithussuburbancreatures.All

thatisinmymindwhenImeetayoungperson.Hemaybeconceited,ill-

mannered,presumptuousorfatuous,butIdonotturnforprotectiontodreary

clinchesaboutrespectforelders比sifmereagewereareasonforrespect.I

acceptthatweareequals,5.

6、完形填空

Televisionisthegreatestcommunicationmediumeverdesignedand

operatedbyman.Itsendsintothehumanbrainan]amountof

opinionsandinformationand2moralandartisticstandardsfor

allofus.Everyminuteofatelevisionprogramteachesussomething.

Itisneveraneutralinfluence.Forexample,howandwhenpublic

issuesare3dependsinlargepart4howtheyaretreatedby

thetelevisionnetworksinentertainment5newsandpublicaffair

programs.

WhattheAmericanpeoplethinkaboutgovernmentandpoliticsin

general,aswellasafavoritecandidatein6,islargely

influencedbytelevision.

Unfortunatelycommercialtelevisionseldom7anythingof

valuetoourlives.ManyAmericansexpressadeephostility_8

televisionbecausetheyknowmostTVprogramsare9poorquality

andthatsometimestheseprogramsareeven10.

Thequestionis:howcantelevisionbeimproved?Therearemany

thingstheordinary11cando.Forexample,hecancomplaintohis

localTVstationstoimprovetheirprograms.Hecan12citizens'

groupstourgelocalTVstationstoimprovetheirprograms.13.

thesegroupsshouldproposeregularanalysesofspecificTV

commercialsandprogramsbyeducators,doctors,etc,to14the

influenceoftheseprogramsonchildrenandadults.Televisioncanhe

ourmostexcitingmediumifwejustthinkabout15toimproveit.

1、A.endlessB.endingC.endedD.end

2^A.findsB.absorbsC.setsD.mends

3、A.talkedB.handledC.watchedD.noticed

4、A.overB.inC.aboveD.on

5^A.aswellasB.alsoC.butD.together

6、A.particularB.specialC.instanceD.individual

7、damagesB.contributesC.handsD.takes

8^A.towardB.inC.onI),over

9、A.withB.inC.ofD.among

10、A.seriousB.harmfulC.attractiveD.long

11、A.readerB.participantC.listener