2024年高考英语复习主题词汇专题19 科技发展与信息技术创新（二）

话题十九科技发展与信息技术创新（二）第一部分话题词汇积累单词&短语1._____________vt.加速；加快2._____________v.获得，得到；购得；养成(习惯)3._____________vv.进展；进步n.进展；进步；前进4._____________vn.优点，好处；优势；有利条件5._____________vt.做广告；宣传；征聘；公告6._____________vn.轶事，趣闻；传闻7._____________vv.签字n.符号；手势；迹象；指示牌8._____________vn.重大进展；突破9._____________vn.广播，电视节目；vt.广播；播送；传播10._____________vt.计算，核算；推测；预测11._____________n.目录；目录簿；一连串(坏事)12._____________n.挑战；艰巨任务；(比赛等的)邀请13._____________vt.点击；使发出咔嗒声；豁然开朗14._____________n.克隆动物(或植物);复制品15._____________n.数据库；资料库16._____________n.&v.争论，辩论，讨论17._____________vt.删去；删除18._____________vt.打扰；扰乱；搅乱；使心神不宁19._____________v.下载n.已下载的数据资料20._____________adj.电子的；电子器件的；电子设备的21._____________n.实验；试验；尝试；实践22._____________vt.探索；勘查；考察；探索；探讨23._____________vt.揭露；揭开；使暴露；使显露24._____________vt.把……分开；分割；划分；隔开25._____________vt.插入；嵌入；(在文章中)添加；加插26._____________adj.智能的；聪慧的；有才智的27._____________adj.移动的；走动方便的；流动的28._____________v.预言；预示；预报29._____________n.火箭；火箭弹；焰火；烟花30._____________adj.科学的；关于科学的；细致严谨的31._____________n.技术；科技；技术性机器32._____________n.&vt.移植；移栽；移种；使迁移33._____________vt.更新；使现代化；为……提供最新信息34.在现场__________________________35.onschedule__________________________36.insearchof__________________________37.就座__________________________38.安全感__________________________39.seetoitthat..__________________________40.抓着某人的胳膊__________________________41..派人去叫医生__________________________42.常识__________________________43.有道理，讲得通__________________________44.thereisnosenseindoingsth.__________________________45.besensitiveto.__________________________46.被判死刑__________________________47.一系列的__________________________48.认真对待某人/某事__________________________49.充当__________________________50.atsb.'sservice__________________________51.开始着手做……__________________________52.让人感到羞愧的是__________________________53.缺乏__________________________54.inallrespects/aspects/fromallsides__________________________55.不管；尽管__________________________56.不遗余力__________________________57.赞扬__________________________58.谈到；提及__________________________59.凝视__________________________60.outofstock/instock__________________________61.advertisingsigns__________________________62.advertiseforsth.__________________________63.artificialintelligence__________________________64.beaddictedto__________________________65.bythismeans__________________________词汇拓展1.signn.迹象；征兆；预兆；招牌；标牌；指示牌；标志；示意的动作(或声音);手势v.签(名);署(名);签字；签署；和……签约(或应聘);示意；打手势There'sno______________ofrain.没有下雨的迹象。The_____________onthewallsaid"Nowwashyourhands".墙上的牌子上写着“现在请洗手”。Shenoddedasa_____________forustositdown.她点头示意我们坐下。Thehotelmanager_____________totheportertopickupmycase.旅馆经理示意行李工替我拿箱子。Hesawthesong'spotential,andpersuadedthecompanyto_____________herup.他看到了这首歌的潜力，就说服公司和她签约。【辨析】sign,signal,symbol,mark的区别sign指人们公认的事物的记号、标志，也可指某种情况的迹象。signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号、暗号。symbol指有象征意义的或表达某种深邃含义的特殊事物。mark既可指方便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。Whentheyfoundtheshipwassinking,theyimmediatelysentouttheemergencysignalSOS.当他们发现船正在下沉的时候，他们立刻发出了SOS紧急求救信号。Adoveisoftenusedasasymbolofpeace.鸽子常被作为和平的象征。Hemadesomemarksinthearticlewhere(itwas)necessary.他在文中必要的地方做了一些记号。2.separateadj.单独的；独立的；分开的；不同的；不相关的v.(使)分开，分离；分割；划分；(使)分离，分散；隔开；阻隔We'dbetter_____________thegoodonesfromthebadones.我们最好把好的和坏的分开。Theywantto_____________teachingfromresearch.他们想把教学和研究分开。Shedoesn'twanttobe_____________fromhim.她不想和他分开。Thebranchhas_____________fromthetrunkofthetree.这个树枝已从树干上脱落了。【辨异】separate,divide的区别separate通常指把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，其后常接介词from。divide通常指把整体分为若干部分(有时含平均划分之意),其后常接介词into。Ayearisdividedintofourseasons.一年分为四季。Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.团结则存，分裂则亡。活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Theriverseparatesthisvillage_____________thatone.2.It'saninteresting_____________(science)phenomenon,butofnopracticalusewhatever.3.Beforehecouldrunaway,sheseizedhimby_____________collar.4.Ihavejustgivenyou20verypracticalwaysto_____________(sharp)yourmind.5.Thecarcrashedintoabusonthebridge,andthedriverwaskilled_____________thespot.二、翻译句子1.IfIhadnoticedthewarningsigns,noneofthiswouldhavehappened._______________________________________________________________2.Theseaudiencesmusthavemissedwatchingtheirmusicperformance,otherwise,theywouldspeakhighlyofit._______________________________________________________________3.他自荐当我们商场的经理。(serveas)_______________________________________________________________4.人家托你的事，你别不在意。(take...seriously)_______________________________________________________________第二部分话题阅读训练（A）阅读理解Roboticsurgeryisonething,butsendingarobotinsidethebodytocarryoutanoperationquiteanother,whichhaslongbeenagoalofsomeresearcherstoproducetinyroboticdevicesbeingcapableoftravelingthroughthebodytodeliverdrugsortomakerepairswithouttheneedforasinglecut,thepossibilityofwhichhasjustgotabitcloser.However,unliketheplotofonefilm—whichfeaturedamicroscopiccrewandsubmarinetravelingthroughascientist’sbloodstream—thisdevicecouldnotbeinsertedintobloodvessels（管）becauseitistoobig.Whileothertypesofminiatureswallowablerobotshavebeendevelopedinthepast,theirrolehasmostlybeenlimitedtocapturingimagesinsidethebody.InapresentationthisweektotheInternationalConference,DanielaRusandShuheiMiyashitaoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydescribedarobottheyhavedevelopedthatcanbeswallowedandusedtocollectdangerousobjectsaccidentallytakenin.Totesttheirlatestversion,DrRusandDrMiyashitadesignedarobotasabatteryhunter,whichmightseemtobeanoddtask,butmorethan3,500peopleinAmericaalone,mostofthemchildren,swallowthetinybuttoncellsusedinsmallelectronicdevicesbyaccidenteveryyear.Tostartwith,theresearcherscreatedanartificialesophagus（食道）andstomachmadeoutofsilicone(硅胶).Itwascloselymodeledonthatfoundinapigandfilledwithmedicalliquid;therobotitselfismadefromseverallayersofdifferentmaterials,includingpigintestine（肠）,andcontainsalittlemagnet.Thisisfoldedupandencasedina10mm×27mmcapsuleofice.Oncethisreachesthestomachtheicemeltsandtherobotunfoldswhichismovedandguidedwiththeuseofamagneticfieldoutsidethebody.Intheirtests,therobotwasabletotouchabuttonbatteryanddrawitwithitsownmagnet,andduringdraggingitalong,therobotcouldthenbedirectedtowardstheintestineswhereitwouldeventuallybegottenridofthroughtheanus(肛门).Afterit,theresearcherssentinanotherrobotloadedwithmedicationtodeliverittothesiteofthebatteryburntospeeduphealing.Theartificialstomachbeingtransparentononeside,theresearcherswereabletoseethebatteriesandvisuallycontroltherobots.Ifnot,thatwillrequirehelpwiththehelpfromimagingsystem,whichwillbeabitmoreofachallenge,butDrRusandDrMiyashitaaredeterminedtosucceed.4．Accordingtothepassage,therobotoperationwillprobablybeableto_________.A．travelthroughascientist’sbloodstreamB．enterthebodytodeliverdrugsormakerepairsC．photographthebodytoconveytothedoctorD．operateonapersonoutsidethebodycompletely5．WelearnfromParagraph3that_________.A．theresearchersdidtheexperimentonachosenanimalB．theactualsizeoftherobotmaybelargerthanthecapsuleoficeC．digestingtheswallowedbatteriesisdifficultforchildrenD．therobottooknecessarydrugsbesidesalittlemagnet6．Whatmaytheexperimentmeantothemedicalworld?A．Fewerchildrenwillswallowthebuttoncells.B．Arobotwillbeinventedtravellingbloodvessels.C．Thesurgerieswillcostpatientsmuchmoney.D．Patientswillsufferlessforsomesurgeries.7．Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A．TheFantasticRoboticVoyage B．TheExplorationofRobotTechnologyC．TinyRobot,SignificantRole D．AnExperimentonRobot（B）完形填空EarlyonSaturdaymorning,parentsandviewerswalkedinalineintothegymattheEinsteAcademy,aschoolinIllinoisintheUS.Afterthecoach21hisopeningspeecheveryone22fortheUS'snationalsong.Afterthesong,judgesdressedinblackandwhiteshirttookuptheir23outsidetheplayingfield,readyforthegamestobegin.WhilethissoundslikethetypicalsettingofaUSsportingevent,thisonehadahigh-techtwist,wasacompetitiverobotics24—agamethatturnsthesubjectsofscience,technology,engineerinandmathematicsintoacompetitivesport.25bycoaches,teamsofstudentsingrade7through12whodesigned,builtandprogrammotheirownrobotscompetedagainstotherroboticsteamsintheWestSuburbanLeagueNorthDivisiontheFIRSTTechChallenge(FTC).“Moststudentsexperiencemultiple-choicequestions.”saidJonathanWeiland,whoworksfFIRSTTechChallengeinIllinois.“InFTC,therearehundredsofsolutionstoaproblemandtheyseewhichsolution26thebest.”“Foundedbyanot-for-profitorganization,FIRST(ForInspirationandRecognitionofScienceaiTechnology)eventsaremodeledaftertraditionalsportslikebasketballtogenerate27inrobotic,”Weilandsaid.FIRSTTechChallengeisoneoffourFIRSTprograms.DuringaFIRSTTechChallenge,Roboticsteamseither28aroboticskit(配套组件),adjustingandupgradingtheirdesign,orcustombuild(专门制作)arobotusing29materials,recordingtheprogressinengineeringnotebooks.Theroboticsteamscompeteingameswithinaleague,gettingpointsthroughouttheseason30anationalandevenglobalcompetitions.Thereare35teamsintheWestSurburbanLeagnNorthDivisionandonlyeightwillgotothestate,Weilandsaid.Teamsearnawardsbasedontherobot’s31,designandotheraccomplishments.“Judges32pairtworoboticsteamstoformagroupthatcompetesagainsttwootherteams.Withmultiplegamesplayedbyallteamsateachmeet,acompetitorinonegamemightbea33inthenext,”Weilandsaid.Studentsaretaughttohelpeachotheratalltimesandto34theotherteam,hesaid.“Oneofthebestthingsyoucandowithyour35istosharesomethingwithsomeoneelse,”studentsaid.“It'sfunbeingonthejourneywiththem.”21．A．delivered B．wrote C．reviewed D．corrected22．A．sent B．called C．applied D．rose23．A．references B．notebooks C．positions D．responsibilities24．A．meet B．example C．design D．creation25．A．Blamed B．Guided C．Warned D．Praised26．A．switches B．responds C．appears D．works27．A．disappointment B．violence C．excitement D．power28．A．purchase B．damage C．throw D．store29．A．political B．industrial C．financial D．agricultural30．A．bringup B．turnin C．stickto D．qualifyfor31．A．model B．material C．performance D．location32．A．hopefully B．randomly C．skillfully D．actively33．A．coach B．judge C．roommate D．teammate34．A．discourage B．beat C．greet D．join35．A．intelligence B．right C．life D．hobby（C）七选五TopusesofsmartphonesTodayapproximately3.5billionpeopleownsmartphonesallovertheworld.Inthisarticle,weexplorewhatweuseoursmartphonesfor.16．Mostwebsitestodayaremobile-friendly,whiletherearealsomobileappsthatyoucanusetobuyeverythingfromclothestohouseholditemsandmore.Becauseit'sfareasierandmoreconvenienttomakeapurchaseonline,agreatpercentageofpeopleorderfromonlinesites.Infact,mostusersprefertobeabletocompareandlearnaboutdifferentitemsontheirphones.Hence,ifanyoneislookingtobuildanonlinebrand,itiscertainlyimportanttodevelopamobile-friendlysitefortheultimateonlineshoppingexperience.17．.

SocialMediaUsageSocialmediasitesbecameago-tositeformanyusersthatspendtimeontheirmobi