2024年高考英语复习语篇理解技能梳理(通用版)02 阅读理解推理判断题（解析版）

资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】02阅读理解推理判断题命题趋势简析英语阅读能力的考查不但要求理解具体事实细节，也要求理解抽象的含义，既要求理解字面意思，又要求理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等；既要求理解文章中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行推理和判断。英语推理判断题常用infer,imply,suggest,conclude,learn,intend,mean,describe,purpose等词提问，或提问中含有表示推测的情态动词，如:can,could,might,would等何其他表示可能性的副词或词组，如probably,mostlikely等。推理判断题考查的趋势分析：(1)对特定的信息进行逆向或正向推理：做此类试题时，要善于某一段话中的'关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。⑵整合全文(段)信息进行的推断：做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来进行推理判断，确定最佳结论。(3)利用语境的褒贬性进行的信息推断：几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态以及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨大意，了解主人公的心理特点几发展变化，从而进行正确的逻辑判断很有好处。(4)根据文章的结论推断作者的态度：作者的态度、倾向是作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文章中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。(5)根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论：逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按照事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系、对比关系来描写。(6)结合自己已有的知识进行推断：知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章意思的结论的的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有充分的理解。题型特征总览推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题,一般在理解原文字面意义的基础上,通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判断和推理,从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义。（一）命题方式(1)Wecaninferfromthe(first/last)paragraphthat______.

(2)Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat______.

(3)Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

(4)Whatcanweinfer/learnfromthestory?(5)Themainpurposeofthepassageis______.

(6)Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?(7)What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards...?（二）选项特征1.正确选项的特征(1)一般根据原文内容,一步即可推断出结果(2)选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念,如only,never,all,absolutely等。正确答案一般比较模糊,如often,usually,might,possibly等2.干扰选项的特征张冠李戴把作者的观点与其他人的观点混在一起无中生有符合常识,但不是文章的内容曲解文意利用原文的内容进行设计,借题发挥,曲解原文意思扩缩范围通过改变或去掉文章中的限制性词语,将信息改变,造成干扰题型突破攻略一、隐含推断题隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。在解答这类题时，可采用“一步推导”法。即推理判断题的最近答案原则：推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推出的好。推理判断题不是考查我们的想象力，它实际是考查我们原文中的某一个点或几个点所涉及的问题读透了没有。因此做题时不能想得太多，推得过远，是否把原文读懂才是关键。此类题目的题干一般包括以下五个动词：infer(推断)；conclude(推断，得出结论)；indicate(暗示)；imply(暗示)；suggest(暗示)。【典型例题】(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)Thenthere’sRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays，“Togivepeopleaguilt－freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething，atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.She’stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco－friendly.31．WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A．It’sformal. B．It’srisky.C．It’sharmful. D．It’straditional.【分析】·第一步通读题目找出题干关键词：inferaboutwearingfur·第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息：Togivepeopleaguilt－freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthat’sgoingtobeamassivething，atleasthereinNewYork.·第三步仔细比对选项：Morgan觉得在纽约，给予人们一种没有负罪感的选择，他们可以穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服而不被人泼颜料——我认为是一件大事，由此可推断出穿皮草具有风险性。二、观点态度题观点态度题是高考英语阅读理解常考的一种题型，也是考生很容易失分的一种题型。文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的情感、观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中。常见的设问方式有：·Howdoestheauthorfeelabout...?·Whatdoestheauthorthinkof...?·Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards/to...?·Theauthor’sattitudetowards...canbedescribedas________．注意：(1)关注首段首尾句，确定文章主题，判断作者的观点态度。(2)关注but后表示观点态度的语句来判断作者或文中人物的观点。(3)关注作者所举的例子或者所引用的话语，来判断文章作者或文中人物的态度倾向。(4)关注文章语言的褒贬去判断作者的态度。(5)不要将个人的好恶态度糅进题中，要学会分清作者本人的态度和作者引用观点的态度。选项常用词汇肯定positive积极乐观的；optimistic乐观的；supportive支持的；hopeful有希望的；promising有前途的；favourable赞许的否定negative否定的，消极的；disapproving不赞成的；critical批评的；unfavourable不赞同的怀疑suspicious可疑的，怀疑的；doubtful可疑的客观objective客观的；neutral中立的；skeptical怀疑的注意：以下选项一般不是答案(1)subjective主观的，一般说明性的文章一定是客观叙述的；(2)indifferent漠不关心的，作者既然写文章描述，就一定不会漠不关心。【典型例题】(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead.Ritacutsin：“WespokemorewithNickbecauseIthinkit’sabigthingforNicktolivewithhismother－in－law.”AndwhatdoesNickthink？“Frommystandpoint，itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit？Yes，IthinkIwould.”29．WhatisNick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother－in－law?A．Positive. B．Carefree.C．Tolerant. D．Unwilling.【分析】·第一步通读题目找出题干关键词：Nick’sattitudetowardssharingthehousewithhismother－in－law·第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息：“Frommystandpoint，itallseemstoworkverywell.WouldIrecommendit?Yes，IthinkIwould.”·第三步仔细比对选项：尼克对于与岳母住在一起持积极的态度。三、写作意图题通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以，这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力，是阅读理解题中较高层次的题目，它与文章主题不同，但又关系密切，所以可以算作主旨大意题的一种变体。1.从写作手法推断写作目的2.从字里行间推断写作目的在阅读中，有时作者并未把写作意图说出来，需要阅读者在阅读、理解整体语篇的基础上，根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的写作意图。【典型例题】(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ阅读C)Inthemid－1990s，TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit，however，endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat．Hencethisbook，ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan，wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway：Rustam，histranslator，alovely24－year－oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana，heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell－roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook.B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter.D．Torecommendatraveldestination.【分析】·第一步审读题目找出题干关键词：thepurposeofthistext·第二步从字里行间推断写作目的：迅速读懂原文理清文章脉络：文章开头引出汤姆·比塞尔写书的背景，从第二段到最后一段分别介绍了这本书的概要、主要内容和对这本书的评价。·第三步仔细比对选项：全文围绕着这本书展开，目的就是向读者介绍并推荐这本书。四、文章出处/读者对象题文章出处要从文章结构、语言特色和标志信息着手，结合文章的具体内容来断定。确定读者对象要从文章内容和文章措辞来判断。1.熟知文体判文章出处2.确定读者对象【典型例题】(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon，themarketisgrowingforbiometric(生物测量)technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee－spaces.Atpresent，thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive，though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow－costdevice(装置)thatgetsaroundthisproblem：asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(节奏)withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus，thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities，andbyextension，whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.31．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.【分析】·第一步确定题干中的关键信息：thistextmostlikelyfrom·第二步定位到原文，寻找相关信息：根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow－costdevice...”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers，low－costdevice等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道。·第三步结合文章的具体内容合理推断得出答案：科研报道最有可能出现在杂志上。名校资源学练1（2023春·广东深圳·高三深圳市福田区福田中学校考阶段练习）Whenyouhearthebeginningofyourfavoritesongfromtheradio,suddenlyyourneckiscoveredingoosebumps.It'ssuchathingthatagroupofscientistscall“skinexcitement”—afeelingofcoldcausednotbyadropintemperatureorsuddenscare,butbythesenseofbeauty.“Skinexcitement”cancomefromasong,apainting,amovingmoviescene,orevenabelovedmemory-prettymuchanythingthatcausesthegivingoutofpleasure-soakeddopamineinyourbrain.Butitdoesnotcomeforallofus.Yourfavoritemusicuncoversalotaboutyourpersonality，andsodoeshowyourespondtothatmusic.Studiessupposethatasfewas55percentofpeopleexperience“skinexcitement”whenlisteningtomusic.Andifyoucountyourselfamongthisgroup,thegoosebumpsonyourskinaren'ttheonlygiveaway—scientistscanreaditinyourbrain,too.InanewstudypublishedinthejournalSocialCognitiveandAffectiveNeuroscience,Harvardresearchersperformedbrainscanson10studentswhosaidtheyreliablygotcoldwhenlisteningtomusic,and10studentswhodidn't.Theyfoundthatthecold-pronebrainsmayreallybeexcitedbystrongeremotions.Cold-pronebrainsaregenerallymorelikelytoshowstrongeremotionalintelligencethanno-coldbrains.Cold-pronemindstendtohaveunusualactiveimagination,reflectmoredeeplyontheiremotions,andappreciatenatureandthebeautyofmusicandarttoastrongerdegreethanno-coldbrains.So,whattypeofmusiccausesthechills?Itseemsthatthetypeisnotsoimportant;participantsinthenewstudyreportedgettingcoldfromsongsofeverykind.Andanysongconnectedwithastrongemotionalmemoryofthelistenercanproducethemostreliableresults.Forme,that'sthesongSailingtoPhiladelphiabyMarkKnopfler,whichIlistenedtoasakidinthecarwithmydad,onthewaytothesummercamp.1.Whatcanwelearnabout“skinexcitement”inthetext?A.Ithelpstoproducedoparmine. B.Itiscausedbythepainintheskin.C.Itcanbeexperiencedbyeverymusiclistener. D.Itisthehumanbody'sreactiontosomethingnice.2.WhatdoesthenewstudybyHarvardresearchersmainlyfind?A.Thepercentageofmusicloversinstudents.B.Thesolutionstothegoosebumpsonone'sskin.C.Thedifferencesbetweencold-proneandno-coldbrains.D.Therelationshipbetweenone'smusicpreferenceandpersonality.3.Whatarepeoplewithcold-pronebrainslike?A.Beautifulandintelligent. B.Emotionalanddishonest.C.Imaginativeandsensitive. D.Braveandstrong-minded.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ResponsestoMusicVaryamongPeople B.AFeelingofColdIsCausedbyHorribleMusicC.YourFavoriteMusicRevealsYourPersonality D.FavoriteMusicMayBringForthGooseBumps2（2023秋·黑龙江哈尔滨·高三哈师大附中校考期末）WhenyouthinkoftheHimalayas,youmaypicturetall,rocky,snow-coveredpeaks.Butthat’snottrue.Thesubnival(亚冰雪的)regionisthezonebetweenthetreelineandthesnowline.Itis5to5timesaslargeastheareasofglaciersandpermanentsnow,whichmeansstudyingitisvitaltounderstandingtheHimalayasasawhole.Thetreelineistheedgeofanecosystemwheretreesareabletogrow,andbeyondthetreelineenvironmentalconditionsbecometootoughtoallowtreegrowth.Meanwhile,snowlinesaretheboundariesonmountainsthatseparateareaswithpermanentsnow(wheresnowispresentforthemajorityoftheyear)fromareaswithseasonalornosnow.Researchersusedsatellitedatafrom1993to2018tomeasureplantcoverbetween4,150metersand6,000metersabovesealevel.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthegreatestincreaseinplantcoverwasbetweenanaltitudeof5,000metersand5,500meters.Subnivalplantsmostlyincludesmallshrubsandgrasses.Evenareasoncecompletelyoccupiedbyglaciersnowholdrockscoveredwithmosses,lichen,andsometimesevenflowers.Inaddition,thesnowlineseemstoberetreating,whilethetreelineisexpanding.Thisshowsthattheregionisbecomingwarmer,causingmoremeltingofsnowandallowingvegetationtomoveupinheight.Inthepast40years,25%ofallHimalayanicehasbeenlostduetoglobalwarming.Himalayanglaciersarereducingbyabout0.5meterseachyear.Therateofglaciermeltinghasdoubledinthisdecade.Themeltingofglaciersincreaseswaterintheregion,makingitwetter.Recedingsnowalsoforcesthesnowlinetomoveup,providingagreateramountofareaforthewarmandmoistconditions,whichareperfectforvegetationgrowth.Asofnow,wedonotknowwhethervegetationwillaccelerateorslowdowntherateofglaciermelting.5.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Byexplainingconcepts. B.Byprovidingsomeexamples.C.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects. D.Bylistingspecificdata.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retreating”meaninParagraph5?A.Disappearing. B.Lengthening. C.Withdrawing. D.Widening.7.WhatisthedirecteffectofglobalwarmingontheHimalayas?A.Thesnowlinemovesup. B.Glaciersaremeltingfaster.C.Thesubnivalareaiswetter. D.Plantsgrowmuchbetter.8.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.TheclimateoftheHimalayasischanging. B.IcebergsintheHimalayashavedisappeared.C.PlantsarediverseintheHimalayas. D.PlantlifespreadsintheHimalayas.3（2023·江苏盐城·盐城中学校考三模）Humansarenottheonlyoneswhounderwentself-domestication.Sodidourcloserelatives,thebonobos,andthespecieswecallourbestfriend.Atinyproportionofthegenomedifferentiatesdogsfromwolves,andyetmillionsofdogsarecomfortablycurledupinourhomes,whilewolvesmovearoundattheedgeofextinction.Whenourresearchgroupbeganitsworkalmost20yearsago,wediscoveredthatdogsalsohaveextraordinaryintelligence:theycanreadourgesturesbetterthananyotherspecies.Wolves,incontrast,aremysteriousandunpredictable.Theirhomeisthewilderness,andthatwildernessisshrinking.Butnotsolongagotheevolutionaryracebetweendogsandwolveswassoclose,itwasunclearwhowouldwin.Dogs,infact,didnotdescendfromwolves.Instead,dogsandwolvessharedawolflikeancestor.Folkloresupposesthathumansbroughtwolfpuppiesintocampanddomesticatedthem.OraswolfexpertDavidMechwrotein1974,“Evidentlyearlyhumanstamedwolvesanddomesticatedthem,eventuallyselectivelybreedingthemandfinallydevelopingthedomesticdogfromthem.”Butthisstoryhasnotheldup.Tamingananimaloccursduringitslifetime.Domesticationhappensovergenerationsandinvolveschangestothegenome.Sohowdidwolvesturnintodogs?BackintheIceAge,asourhumanpopulationsgrewmoresedentary,weprobablycreatedmorerubbish,whichwethendumpedoutsideourcamps.Theseleavingswouldhaveincludedtemptingpiecesoffoodforhungrywolves.Noteverywolfwouldhavebeenabletoscavenge,however.Theseanimalswouldhavehadtobeunafraidofhumans,andiftheydisplayedanyaggressiontowardus,theywouldhavebeenkilled.Aftergenerationsofselectionforfriendlinesswithoutintentionalselectionbyhumans,thisspecialpopulationofwolveswouldhavebeguntotakeonadifferentappearance.Coatcolor,ears,tails:allprobablystartedtochange.Animalsthatcouldrespondtoourgesturesandvoiceswouldbeextremelyusefulashuntingpartnersandguards.Theywouldhavebeenvaluableaswellfortheirwarmthandcompanionship,andslowlywewouldhaveallowedthemtomovefromoutsideourcampstoourfiresides.Wedidnotdomesticatedogs.Thefriendliestwolvesdomesticatedthemselves.9.Whatcanbesummarizedaboutwolvesanddogsfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Wolvesaresmarterthandogs.B.Theyareverymuchraciallydivided.C.Theyarecloserelativesbutdogsseemtobeonthewinningside.D.Dogshavemadetheirwaystoindoorlifewhilewolvestothewild.10.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“sedentary”inparagraph5?A.diverse B.limitedC.livinginthesameplace D.involvingregularmigration11.Whatdoestheauthorconcludefromthehistoryofdogsandwolves?A.Dogsevolvedfromwolves.B.Selectivebreedingdevelopeddomesticdogs.C.Taminganddomesticatingananimalarethesamething.D.Friendlinessasaqualitytranslatesintoanevolutionarystrategy.12.Whichofthefollowingissuitableforatitle?A.FromWolftoDog B.Dog:OurFavoritePetC.AnIntentionalDomestication D.ACompetitionStorybetweenWolfandDog4（2023春·重庆·高三开学考试）Rememberwhenyourmomtoldyounottoeattoomanycandybarsorsweetsbecausetheycancausetoothdecay(蛀牙)?However,itturnsoutthatchocolatecanbemoresalutarytoyourteeththanyoumightexpect.Recentstudiesshowthatchocolatecaneffectivelyfightagainsttoothdecay,asifweneedanotherexcusetoeatchocolate.Chocolateoffersprotectionlikefluoride,amainingredientinmosthouseholdtoothpastes.Notonlydoeschocolateprotectourteeth,butitcandosoveryeffectively.Studiesshowthatchocolatehascompoundsthatprovidestrongprotectionforteeth.Oneofthecompoundsinchocolate,CBH,isshowntoprotectevenmoreeffectivelythanfluoride.Toothdecayhappenswhenbacteriaworktoturnsugarintoacidsinourmouth.Thisiswhyeatingfoodswithhighsugarcontentcanleadtomoretoothdecay.Thecompoundsinchocolate,however,areanti-bacteriaandcanfightagainstbacteriainyourmouth.TheCBHcompoundinparticularalsoworkstostrengthentoothenamel(牙釉质),andprotectsagainsttoothdecay.Doesthismeanyoucancatasmuchchocolateasyouwantwithoutworryingaboutyourteeth?Itdependsonthetypesofchocolatethatyoulike.Theprotectiveeffectofchocolateismosteffectivewhenyouchewoncocoabeans.Ofcourse,thisoptionisnotveryappealingto;mostpeople.Amoretastyoptionistochoosedarkchocolatewithlittlesugarcontent,ideallynomorethan6to8gramsperserving.Forothertypesofchocolatewithhighersugarcontent,theeffectwillbelessened.However,becauseoftheprotectivecompounds,itisstillbetterforyourteeththanothersweetsanddessertscontainingthesameamountofsugar.13.Theword“salutary”inparagraph1means?A.Beneficial. B.Harmful. C.Familiar. D.Useless.14.WhatcanweknowaboutthecompoundCBHinchocolate?A.Itcanhelpchocolatecuretoothdecay.B.Itcaneffectivelystopteethfromdecaying.C.Itmayprotectteethbetterthantoothpastesdo.D.Itmaysoonreplacemosthouseholdtoothpastes.15.Howdoeschocolatefighttoothdecay?A.Bybreakingdownacids. B.Bybuildingupcompounds.C.Byfixinguptoothenamel. D.Byfightingagainstbacteria.16.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Chocolateplaystheroleoftoothpaste.B.Chocolateprotectsagainsttoothdecay.C.Chocolateisthebestchoiceforteethprotection.D.Chocolateishealthiertoteeththanothersweets.5（2023·广东深圳·深圳市建文外国语学校校考一模）Withover4.1billionpeople,oraround55percentoftheworld’spopulation,livinginurbanareas,citiesandtownsworldwidearegettingincreasinglycongested.Inadditiontospendingmanyhoursstuckintraffic,residentsarealsoexposedtohighairpollutionlevelscausedbytransportationemissions.Now,SaudiArabiahopestorevolutionizeurbanlivingwith“TheLine”—acitydesignedaroundnature,withoutcarsandroads!“TheLine”isdesignedbySaudiCrownPrinceMohammedbinSalman(MBS).LocatedinNEOM—a10,000-square-milehigh-techplanneddevelopmentontheRedSeacoastinthenorthwesternSaudiprovinceofTabu—TheLinewillbethecornerstoneofMBSsSaudiVision2030.TheplanaimstodiversifySaudiArabia’soil-dependenteconomyintoothersectors,liketourism,andcreateexcitingjobopportunitiesforitscitizens.The105-mile-longcity,expectedtocostbetween$100billionand$200billion,willbebuiltalongastraightlineandismadeupofseveralself-sustainingcommunities.Toensureallservicesarewithinashort,five-minutewalk,eachcommunitywillfeatureathree-layerinfrastructure(基础设施).Thetop“pedestrianlayer”willbevoidofcarsandroads,allowingresidentstofreelywalkandbikeinthesurroundinggreenspaces.Thesecond“servicelayer”,willincludeallessentialdailyservices,suchasschools,leisurefacilitiesandgrocerystores.Thethird“spinelayer”willhousehigh-speedsubwayandautonomousvehiclescapableoftransportingresidentsacrosscommunitiesinlessthan20minutes.Theentirecitywillbepoweredwithrenewablecleanenergysourcessuchassolarandwind,andpossiblyevenhydrogen.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplantconstructionofthiscomplexprojectwillstartbeforethe1stquarterof2021.Inadditiontoprovidinguptoamillionresidentswithacleanandstress-freelivingenvironment,TheLineisexpectedtocreate380,000newjobs,starteconomicdiversification,andcontributeanastounding$48billiontoSaudiArabia’sGrossDomesticProduct(GDP)by2030.Moreimportantly,MBSbelievesitwillprovidegovernmentsworldwidea“blueprintforhowpeopleandplanetcanco-existinharmony.”17.Wecaninferthat“TheLine”willbe_________.A.temporary B.primitive C.eco-friendly D.conventional18.WhatisTheLinemeanttoresultin?A.Lowcrimerates. B.Highunemployment.C.Supercommunities. D.Diverseeconomicsectors.19.Whatcanbefoundonthesecondlayer?A.Medicalclinics. B.Busstops.C.Undergroundtrains. D.Cyclinglanes.20.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.SaudiArabiaHasCreatedAGreenCityWithNoCarsOrStreetsB.“TheLine”WillBeTheCornerstoneOfMBS'sSaudiVision2030C.“TheLine”—BlueprintOfPeopleAndAnimalsCo-existingInHarmonyD.SaudiArabiaAnnounces“TheLine”—ALowCarbonCityWithoutCars6（2023·天津南开·南开中学校考模拟预测）Lastyear,apopularrestaurantreleasedalivestreamofafamilydininginit,withoutaskingtheirpermission.Afterfindingoutwhattherestaurantwasdoing,thefamilyshowedtheirobjection,buttherestaurantignoreditandinsistedthattheyhadtherighttodoit.Moreover,theytriedtosilencethefamily,sayingthattheirbehaviorwasdamagingtherestaurant'simage.Thiseventhascausedadebateontheviolationofprivacyandportraitrightsbywebcasts.Itdoesn'tbothersomepeoplewhentheirimagesareunconsciouslyrecordedbycamerasandshownthroughlivestreamsondifferentonlineplatforms.Theymayevenenjoyappearingonscreensandcooperatewithsomebusinesses.Inthatway,therestaurantcanhavemorepublicexposureandthusattractmorecustomers,whichistheirpurposeofwebcasting.However,othersincludingthefamilymentionedabove,areagainstit.Thefamilythoughtthattheirportraitrightswereviolated,consideringnoonehadaskedifitwasokaytousetheimagesofthem.Theyfoundintolerablethattheiractionscapturedbythecamerawerewebcastlivetomillionsofviewers,nottomentionthefactthatsomeofthemwerenotsodecent.Thustheydemandedanapologyfromrestaurant.Peoplemaybehaveinarelaxedwaywheneatingorresting,andtheydon'twantotherstoseetheminthisway.Thus,fromalegalperspective,ifbusinesseswebcasttheircustomersforcommercialreasons,theyhaveviolatedcustomersportraitrights.Webcastingsomeonewithouthisorherconsentamountstoaviolationofportraitrights,whichisgettingincreasinglycommonthesedaysascellphonewebcastingisgrowinginpopularityfortechnicalconvenience,However,publicawarenessofprivacyprotectionisstillfallingbehind.Moreshouldbedonetomakesurewebcastingisdevelopingsustainably,withoutviolatingpeople'slegalrights.21.Whatisthemajorissuearguedinthepassage?A.Afamousrestaurantpublishedalivestreamofafamilydininginit.B.Thefamilyshowedtheirobjectiontothefamousrestaurant'swebcast.C.Therestaurantignoredtheobjectionandinsistedtheyhadtherighttodoit.D.Therestaurantclaimedthatthefamilywasdamagingtherestaurant'simage.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto?A.Customersenjoyappearingonscreens.B.Customerscooperatewithsomebusinesses.C.Customersareshownthroughlivestreamsonline.D.Customersareunconsciouslyrecordedbycameras.23.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsmayviolatecustomers'privacyandportraitrights?A.Businesseswebcastcustomersliveaccordingtotheiragreement.B.Businesseswebcastcustomersforcommercialreasonsandpaythem.C.Businesseswebcastcustomersimproperactionswiththeirpermission.D.Businesseswebcastcustomersbehavinginarelaxedwaywithoutinformingthem.24.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PublicawarenessofprivacyprotectionisincreasingB.AfamousrestaurantreleasedalivestreamofafamilyC.HowcanpeoplebehaveinarelaxedwaywhenhavingarestD.Adebateonwhetherwebcastsviolateprivacyandportraitrights25.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardwebcasts?A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Subjective.7（2023·广西贵港·统考三模）Cory,aged30,wasdiagnosedwithspinalmuscularatrophy（脊髓性肌萎缩症）ataveryyoungage.Becauseofhiscondition,hebeganusingawheelchairatage4.Hismother,SandyGilbreath,raisedhimasasingleparent.Althoughtakingcareofachildwithadisabilitywaschallenging,sheensuredthatCorydidn'tmissoutonthefunthingsinlife.Sandytookhimonroadtripsduringsummerbreaksthroughouthischildhood.Theexcitingexperiencesofexploringnewplacesinspiredhimtosetalifelonggoalofvisitingallsevencontinents.Fortunately,CorywasabletodothatjustbeforetheCOVID-19started.HeandhismothertraveledtoAntarcticainFebruary,justbeforethebordersclosed.Itwastheseventhandfinalcontinentoffhislist.Hebecamethefirst-everwheelchairusertovisitallthesevencontinents!AccordingtoCory,travelinginawheelchairrequiresawiderangeofplanningandresearch.Hestartshisresearchsixtotwelvemonthsbeforeeachtrip,makingsurethatthereareaccessibletransportationoptionsinthelocation.Hewouldalsocalluphotelsorrentalhomestoconfirmiftheyaretrulyasaccessibleastheyclaimtobe.WhenCorystartedgoingonadventures,thereweren'tmanyonlineresourcesdiscussingaccessibletravel.Tohelpothertravelerswithdisabilitiesexploretheworldashedoes,hedecidedtosharehisknowledgeinhisblog.Aimingtopromoterepresentationofthewheelchair-usingcommunity,Coryandhismotherwroteachildren'sbook,titledLet'sExplorewithCorCor,whichisaboutaboywhotravelsaroundtheworldinhispoweredwheelchair.Travelingtoallsevencontinentswasn'tsomethingIwassurewasgoingtobepossible,"hesai