高一语法：让步状语从句

让步状语从句AdverbialClausesTheAdverbial状语

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说

明动作或状态的特征的句子成分，叫做状语。常见的状语有：时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语、让步状语、目的状语、伴随状语等。状语从句Definition在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫做“状语从句〞。原因状语条件状语目的状语地点状语比较状语结果状语时间状语让步状语方式状语状语从句的类别状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句让步状语从句定义：让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种，表达一种退一步的条件。一般翻译为“尽管……〞或“即使……〞。引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：though和although〔虽然，纵然〕;while;as〔虽然...但是...〕;evenif和eventhough〔即使…纵使…〕;whether...(or...)(无论是否或不管是…还是…);nomatter+疑问词〔不管…都…〕;疑问词wh-ever等。让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。让步状语从句的常考点与重难点重点难点常考点although/while/evenif/wh-ever/as/whether等引导的让步状语从句状语从句的时态、语序〔倒装〕、省略、虚拟语气等附属连词的含义及用法比较让步状语从句的引导词——附属连词although/

thoughAlthough/Thoughhewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldbutheworkedhard.注意一个典型的中式英语错误：although/though切不可与but连用！但可用yet,still。改错：Althoughitrainedheavily,buttheystillwentout.让步状语从句与并列句的区别即学即练：

1.Thoughheisinhissixties,______heworksashardasayoungmanA.yet B.but

C.and

D.andyet2.Excusemeforbreakingin,______Ihavesomenewsforyou.A.soB.and

C.but

D.yetAC题1是主从复合句，所以中间不能使用并列连词and/or/but/so等。yet是副词，只有yet可以与though连用。题2为并列句，而“Excuse…,but…〞为一固定搭配。在复习中需要细心的分析句子结构和成分。evenif和eventhougheventhough(=evenif)引导的从句指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使〞、“纵然〞；Mostofusignoretheadvice,evenif/eventhoughweknowitistrue.evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句有时用虚拟语气，如：Evenif/thoughyouhadn'thelpedme,Iwillthankyou.asif/asthough是什么用法？as引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序：要把表语、状语或动词原形提前到句首。1〕表语的倒装〔如果表语是名词，要省略冠词〕：Richasheis,Idon’tenvyhim.Childasheis,heknowsalot.as2〕谓语的倒装〔动词原形前置到句首〕：Tryashewould,hecouldnotrememberaword.Searchastheymay,theycanfindnothingintheroom.3〕状语的倒装〔不可在状语之前加very等修饰语〕：MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.HardasIstudied,Icouldnotcatchupwithhim.whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever由连接代词whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导的让步状语从句，引导词作从句中的主语或宾语，如：Whoever(=Nomatterwho)isunwillingtogo,Iwillgo.Whomever(=Nomatterwhom)youaredealingwith,thismethodisnogood.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)happens,keepcalm.Wehavenoobjection,whichever(=nomatterwhich)youchoose.whatever或whichever由连接形容词whatever或whichever引导的让步状语从句，引导词后常有名词出现，如：Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)

difficultiesmayarise,wemustandcanovercomethemonebyone.(whatever既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问形容词what修饰名词difficulties。)Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)

methodyouuse,theresultismuchthesame.however,wherever或whenever由连接副词however,wherever或whenever引导的让步状语从句，引导词作从句中的状语，如：However(=Nomatterhow)difficultthetaskmaybe,wewillfulfilitontime.(however既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问副词how修饰difficult。)Wherever(=Nomatterwhere)theywent,theywerewarmlywelcomed.Whenever(=Nomatterwhen)I’munhappy,hecheersmeup.Thedogfollowsmewherever(=nomatterwhere)Igo.即学即练：

1.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_____difficultitwas.A.however

B.nomatterC.whatever

D.although2.Theoldtowermustbesaved,______thecost.A.however

B.whateverC.whichever

D.wherever3.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose_____youlike.A.nomatterwhich

B.whicheverC.nomatterwhatD.whatevernomatterwh-与wh-ever的联系及区别：nomatterwh-引导让步状语从句时与wh-ever通用。Nomatterwhen/Wheneverhecomesback,heshouldbewelcomed.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，nomatterwh-不能。如：Whoevercanhelpuswillbewelcome.whether…(or…)whether…(or…)引导的让步状语从句：△这种让步状语从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句〞，可位于主句之前、之后或切割主句，如：Whetherhedrivesor(whetherhe)flies,hewillbehereontime.Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.Whetherornotitrains,I’mgoingtomorrow.Weholdthatallcountries,(whethertheyare)bigorsmall,(whethertheyare)richorpoor,shouldbeequal.whilewhile引导的让步状语从句只能前置，位于句首〔主句前〕，如：Whileyoumayberight,Ican’taltogetheragree.WhileIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved.即学即练：

1、_____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.While

B.SinceC.Before

D.UnlessAwhile是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管〞。让步状语从句的时态问题特别关注：

1.Althoughnobody______mecompany,Iwillgotherealone.

A.

keeping

B.

haskept

C.

keeps

D.

willkeepC在让步状语从句〔以及时间、条件状语从句〕中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，即“主将从现〞。Theparentswillwaitforhimfordinner,although/thoughhecomesbacklate.

Nomatterhow/However

latehecomesback,theparentswillwaitforhimfordinner.

Whilehecomesbacklate,theparentswillwaitforhimfordinner.

Late

as/though

hecomesback,theparentswillwaitforhimfordinner.

让步状语从句的语序问题注意：1.although/evenif/eventhough引导让步状语从句时不倒装；2.as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装；3.though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装；4.while引导让步状语从句常在句首〔在主句前〕；5.however/nomatterhow引导让步状语从句时后常接形容词或副词；6.whatever/whichever以及nomatterwhat/which引导让步状语从句时后常接名词；涉及让步状语从句的五类倒装一、(表语)名词

+

as/though

+

主语

+

动词.Childasheis,heknowstohelpother.Teacherthoughheis,hecan’tknoweverything.【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。

二、(表语)形容词

+

as/though

+

主语

+

动词Successfulasheis,heisnotproud.

【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。三、〔状语〕副词+as/though+主语+动词MuchasIlikeParis,Icouldn’tlivethere.Hardthoughtheytried,theycouldn’tmakeherchangehermind.四、动词原形+as/though+主语+动词Tryashemight,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.Searchastheywould,theywouldfindnobodyinthehouse.【说明】主语后的动词通常为may,might,would,did等情态动词或助动词(假设表示情态意义，那么选用情态动词；假设陈述事实，那么用did,do等助动词)。涉及让步状语从句的五类倒装五、分词+as/though+主语+动词Raininghardasitis,I’mgoingoutforawalk.Surroundedaswewerebytheenemy,wemanagedtoadvanceforward.

涉及让步状语从句的五类倒装1：如果主句和让步状语从句的主语一致，从句中又有“be〞时，可省略主语和be。Though(hewas)meetingwiththedanger,theboykeptcalm.Evenif(weare)defeatedasecondtime,wewon'tloseheart.2：evenif/eventhough引导的让步状语从句有时可省略成evenso/evennot。Wemayfailagain.Evenso,wewon'tgiveitup.让步状语从句省略问题Thoughdiscovering

severalmistakesofhisown,_________.A.theboywon'tcorrectthemB.theboywon'tcorrectC.wefindtheboywon'tcorrectthemD.

theyaredifficulttocorrectA让步状语从句省略问题省略后的让步状语从句中，保存下来的非谓语动词必须和句子的主语有逻辑联系！1、让步状语从句连词的用法比较；2、让步状语从句中的虚拟语气；3、让步状语从句的时态问题；4、让步状语从句倒装及省略问题；5、让步状语从句与其它从句区别。小结：考点与难点归纳StartPracticing______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,____theexpenseshaverisen.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough3.______,heknowsmorethanotherchildrenofhisage.A.HoweveryoungchildheisB.ChildasheisC.NomatterhowyoungchildisD.Whatayoungchildheis4.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch______.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts5.______wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.A.Asif

B.NowthatC.EvenifD.Soonafter6.______,theideaofhavingtoworkunderawomandefeatedhim.WantingthejobverymuchAlthoughwantingthejobbadlyThoughhewantedthejobverymuchHewantedthejobbadly7.〔2014北京卷〕29._______theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.Incase【考点】考察状语从句连词辨析【答案】C【解析】此题的状语从句连词都是常用的连词。As由于，因为；随着；when当…时；eventhough即使，尽管；incase以防；句意：即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。根据句意可知上下文之间有转折关系，所以使用eventhough表示让步转折关系。故C正确。8.〔2014江苏卷〕21.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,historycannotbechanged.A.thoughB.asC.sinceD.unless【考点】考察状语从句连词辨析【答案】A【解析】此题考察的是状语从句的连词辨析。Though尽管；as随着，因为；since自从，既然；unless除非，如果…不…；句意：尽管历史不能改变，但是为了面对未来我们还是要从历史中学会教训。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。故A正确。9.〔2014山东卷〕2.Idon’treallyliketheauthor,_______Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.A.althoughB.unlessC.untilD.once【考点】考察状语从句连词辨析【答案】A【解析】此题考察的是状语从句的连词表示。Although尽管；unless除非，如果…不…；until直到…才…；once一旦；句义：尽管我成认这本书很精彩，但是我并不喜欢这本书的作者。根据句义可知上下文之间存在这转折关系，四个选项中只有A项表示上下文的转折。故A正确。10.【2013江苏】28.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,______itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilitiesaroundtheworld.A.whatever

B.whoeverC.wherever

D.whichever【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。此处考查-ever引导的让步状语从句。通过分析从句，可知句子不缺少主干成分，故排除代词ABD项，故答案选C。11.【2013辽宁】24.Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatter_______fullone'sscheduleisinlife.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。此处考查nomatter…引导的让步状语从句。副词how修饰形容词或副词，横线后为形容词full，应选how。nomatterhow=however(无论如何)。12.【2013四川】7.Hewassobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhisson_____hewantsto.A.evenifB.asifC.becauseD.before【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。根据句意“他如此繁忙。他不可能抽出足够的时间来陪他的儿子——即便是他想那样做。〞，可知答案选A。13.【2013天津】5._______small,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries.A.AsB.IfC.AlthoughD.Once【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。根据句意即可判断：这个公司虽然小，但是它在30多个国家有大约1000个采购商。此处状语从句连词后省略了句子的主语和be动词，即although(itis)small…。14.〔2011江西卷〕29.Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or______itisconvenienttoyou.A.wheneverB.howeverC.whicheverD.wherever15.〔2011全国卷II〕19.Itwasanicemeal,_______alittleexpensive.A.though